Street Prostitution Research Articles

“Walking Around Naked Sets Back our Struggle”: Travesti Activism, Repression, and Public Space in Buenos Aires (1994–1998)

In this article, I revisit a brutal police raid targeting travesti sex workers and the subsequent protest of travestis and their allies in front of a Buenos Aires police station in 1996. In a close reading of the event, I propose to analyse it as a dispute over access to public space and citizenship. The figure of “Scandal” as included in the so-called Police Edicts was the bureaucratic safeguard used by police throughout Argentina to imprison, extort, and even kill travestis. I show how its vague description as referring to “forms of acting obscenely” (“formas de actuación obscena”) entrusted the police institution with its (re)actualised interpretation, constantly adapting it to the new “dangerous” new social subjects of record. The nascent travesti activism would claim access to public space by attempting to distance itself from “acting obscenely” through the use of “unisex” clothing – or, as the activists called it, “the dress-code strategy”. In this way, they would expose the arbitrariness of the arrests they were being subjected to. However, these normativising attempts also opened up a tension with the demands of clients of street prostitution who would continue to seek out the onscenification of spectacular iterations of femininity, as well as those of many travestis who, living under conditions of constant repression and precariousness, were experiencing joy in constituting themselves as the very wonder women their clients fantasised about.

Understanding the Exiting and Re-Entering Experiences of Street-Based Prostitution Among Young Women in Gondar City, Ethiopia

Although street-based prostitution is a rapidly growing social phenomenon in Ethiopian cities, there is little scholarly attention given to address the issue. This qualitative study aimed to understand the lived experiences of women who attempted to exit street prostitution in Gondar city. Thirteen study participants were chosen using the snowball sampling technique. In-depth interviews were used to gather qualitative data, which were then analyzed thematically. The study revealed formal support services, family support, spirituality, and saving money as important factors leading women to successfully exit from prostitution. However, some participants reported that structural problems, drug addiction, and societal attitudes led them to return to street prostitution. This study suggests that to help women successfully leave prostitution, interventions for exiting strategies should focus on economic strengthening activities as well as rehabilitation services including substance abuse treatment.

Information Sharing and Expression of Ideas among Street-Based Female Prostitutes (SBFPs) in Sri Lanka

In this study, two main objectives have been investigated. The first was to find out the techniques of information sharing between women involved in street prostitution in Sri Lanka, while the second was to discover the practices they use to express their feelings. Understanding the socio-demographic characteristics such as age, civil status, education and family background of the SBFPs were the sub-objectives of the study. Survey and case study methods were adopted for the study. Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia and Ratmalana were selected as the research area, and the data was collected using simple questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The snowball sampling method was used to select the sample of 20 SBFPs who were engaged in prostitution in the streets. The data for this study was analyzed by using qualitative methods. Descriptive statistics was used for the demographic characteristics of the subjects. The results of this study revealed that there is a subculture among street prostitutes. They engage in competitiveness in their profession and this subculture has introduced certain dictions. Such street prostitutes adapt their way of communication through signals. Results indicate that there are literate women with aesthetic skills found among the prostitutes in the community.

Some Phenomenological Aspects of Prostitution in Croatia

The paper presents the results of a qualitative analysis of prostitution in Croatia according to the prostitution categorisation into low, medium and high-level prostitution. The goal of the conducted study and this paper is to provide an in-depth insight into prostitution phenomenology, and based on that, on influencing factors, as well as about the possible directions of prevention regarding the etiology of prostitution. For the purpose of transparency and systematic presentation, semi-structured interviews with persons engaged in prostitution and police officers engaged in the prevention of prostitution were divided into mentioned prostitution categorisation and thematic division of the questionnaire was carried out according to the questionnaire presented in the introduction and presented in a table for the sake of transparency, after which the analysis strives to bring out conclusions about the possible patterns of the phenomenon itself. In addition, at the end of the research, the table shows the general police officers’ knowledge of the phenomenon of prostitution, their attitudes regarding the phenomenon itself and the current legislative framework. The results of research and analysis show that street prostitution has almost disappeared in Croatia, while medium-level prostitution is dominant because it offers a significantly higher level of protection and safety (both physical and from stigmatization, as well as police detection). High-level prostitution is more in the focus of new communication channels and media full of "successful" beauties who live "on the high side", and most often it is about women who have a certain legal "occupation/profession", while they engage in prostitution occasionally in order to improve their financial situation, while most of them grew up in average families without detected trauma or victimization.

Prostitution in America’s industrial and progressive eras: a “dirty work” perspective on creating positive self-identities

Purpose Dirty workers occupy jobs and perform tasks that are unpleasant and considered distasteful or “tainted” to other members of society. However, while they experience challenges in managing stigma, they are generally successful in creating positive self-identities. Among these dirty jobs is prostitution. As dirty workers, women sex workers in American history have been treated with humor, ridicule and derision. This study aims to explain the social contexts and the limited economic choices these women faced and examine how they may have managed their dirty work’s stigma to create positive self-identities. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses primary and secondary sources to examine a 53-year period of American history and to frame these women’s stigma management within a “dirty work” perspective. Findings The author suggests that sex workers in riskier roles (e.g. street walkers, crib workers or “upstairs girls” in saloons) would have been less able to effectively manage stigma and create positive self-identities as compared to brothels workers, due to the brothel’s strong social support, healthier work culture and richer resources. Social implications While sex work has changed significantly in the past century, the principles of identity management in this difficult and dirty work remain. Understanding the economic, social and individual challenges faced by these dirty workers will aid our understanding of the difficulties confronted by today’s sex workers. Originality/value Sex work is nearly absent from scholarly management literature. The lack of historical perspective and knowledge in this field limits a full understanding of how various types of dirty workers manage stigma.

The status of women in the Ancient East: peculiarities of marriage and family relations in Mesopotamia

The main criteria of social differentiation of women in the first state formations of the Middle Ages have been studied. The influence of religion on the formation of understanding of the place and role of women in society has been shown. Peculiarities of marriage and family relations in ancient Mesopotamia have been considered. The factors determining the social hierarchy of women in the ancient civilizations of the Biennial have been determined and analyzed. The causes of temple and street mass prostitution have been clarified. Features of the position of female slaves have been described. The work is based on the principle of historicism. When studying primary sources, comparative legal, hermeneutic methods and systematic analysis were used. The anthropological method was used when revealing the worldview of the people of that time and their values, the gender method was used when studying the status of women in the state institutions of the Middle Ages. It was concluded that the social position of women in ancient Mesopotamia was not unambiguous. Religion influenced a person's worldview, the understanding of the nature of a woman, her place and role in society. The rite of “sacred marriage” was one of the significant religious rituals, which encouraged the reproduction of similar sacred acts in worldly life, and became the ideological basis of the activity of the priests of Mezhyrechya. On the basis of the analysis of the legislation of the state institutions of the time, the purpose of marriage was determined, that is the birth and upbringing of children who were to inherit and multiply the family property and perform the necessary sacred rites, which were to help the dead in the afterlife. The inability to have children became the reason for divorce, as a rule, at the husband's will. The wife also had the right to initiate the divorce process in the municipal court, but under certain circumstances specifically defined by law. The most influential in society were the high priestesses – entum and naditum, who were related by blood to the famous families of Mesopotamia. They had wealth, broad socio-economic rights and the greatest social protection. Prostitutes and slaves were the least protected. It is noted that the origins of modern problems of gender inequality can be seen in the distant past, in the ancient world, in particular in Mesopotamia, which had a significant impact on European civilization. Women's History The Biennial provides grounds for asserting that solving the problems of gender inequality is not possible only by changing the legislation. A comprehensive approach is necessary, which would take into account such components as religion, culture, law, economy, psychology, etc.

Reconnecting Pornography, Prostitution, and Trafficking

Pornography has been perceived as existing separate from prostitution and trafficking. We suggest that pornography, prostitution, and trafficking overlap conceptually and empirically. We discuss similarities between pornography and other arms of the sex trade such as escort, street, or massage prostitution via a review of survivor testimony and existing research. Women used in the production of pornography suffer the same adverse antecedents as those in other prostitution including poverty, childhood sexual abuse, racism, domestic violence, and the cultural mainstreaming of sexism. These factors groom and channel women into pornography, with pornographers using the same controlling tactics employed by other pimps. In pornography, women are subject to physical and psychological harms that are the same as those harms in other prostitution. We offer recommendations for holding those who perpetrate sex trade harms - pimps, traffickers, and sex buyers - legally accountable. We conclude that pornography should be legally and conceptually understood as one variant of prostitution and trafficking.

Why Offences Specific to Prostitution are Unjustified

AbstractThe criminalisation of prostitution takes various forms: some offences target sex‐workers, others are aimed at third‐parties (pimps or advertisers) or criminalise clients for consumption. I argue that existing theories cannot justify any offences specific to prostitution; hence, either current prostitution‐specific offences should be extended to other types of sexual relations or the criminalisation of prostitution should be abolished. I propose a ‘continuum’ of different scenarios in which consideration, either monetary or in‐kind, was necessary for sexual relations to take place – from street prostitution to marriage solely based on financial interests. The absence of variables found in prostitution from the other scenarios on the continuum does not impinge on the normative flaw that existing theories attribute to prostitution. Consequently, even if existing theories can justify the criminalisation of prostitution, they cannot justify prostitution‐specific offences because the same justification would over‐inclusively apply to forms of sexual relations whose criminalisation is commonly regarded as unjustified.

Less Group Cohesion in Family Relationships of Female Street Prostitutes in Sri Lanka

Less Group Cohesion in Family Relationships of Female Street Prostitutes in Sri Lanka

Gender Differences among Commercially Sexually Exploited Youth in Israel

Research on commercial sexual exploitation (COMSE) of youth tends to focus on young females as victims, and much less is known about male and transgender commercially sexually exploited youth (COMSEY). Understanding the psychosocial background and past COMSE experiences among COMSEY is important to provide support for gender‐specific or gender‐inclusive interventions for COMSEY. The study included 57 cisgender females, 40 males and 23 transgender females who received services from a multi‐module programme for COMSEY in Israel. Case managers provided data on the youth regarding background characteristics, health variables and COMSE experiences prior to entering the service. The youth had similar rates in most psychosocial background characteristics, including being a victim of abuse. Cisgender females were less likely than cisgender males and transgender females to be from an ethnic minority and more likely to have been in out‐of‐home placement. Past experiences of COMSE were also similar between genders, though cisgender females were less involved in street prostitution and more likely to have been sexually abused during COMSE. The findings provide support for a gender‐inclusive approach to intervention with COMSEY and call for re‐consideration of present gender‐specific interventions in this domain. Further research on intervention with COMSEY is needed, specifically regarding male and transgender COMSEY.‘The study included 57 cisgender females, 40 males and 23 transgender females who received services from a multi‐module programme for COMSEY in Israel’Key Practitioner Messages Youth who sell or swap sex have troubled pasts, regardless of their gender. There are more similarities than differences in psychosocial backgrounds and past sexual exploitation experiences between cisgender females, cisgender males and transgender females. Empirical evidence to support the need for gender‐specific intervention was not demonstrated among these youth. Gender‐inclusive interventions may be an appropriate approach and will promote access to treatment for all commercially exploited youth.

The economics of street-level prostitution in Paris during the ‘Belle Epoque’ (1870-1914)

ABSTRACT How can districts become completely embedded in informal economies despite harsh state regulation? In this paper, we use qualitative and quantitative data to explain the increasing number of ‘clandestine’ street-level prostitutes in a district of Paris during the Belle Epoque (1870–1914). Using an original dataset on street-level prostitutes, we describe the economics of street-level prostitution at the time: street prostitutes were young, unskilled and relatively well paid; they tended to work with pimps who were from the same area and clustered in neighbourhoods where they could compete with regulated brothels. Street prostitutes generated profits not only for themselves but also for a whole range of actors, thereby switching the whole local economy to this industry at the expense of the formal economy.

Object of offensive provided by Art. 181-1 the code of Ukraine about administrative offences «consuming prostitution»

As a result of the study, a number of scientific provisions were obtained that are important for the practice of applying the administrative law. Investigating the legal signs of engaging in prostitution, it is necessary to correctly establish the object of this offense, that is, to determine those social relations that are harmed and which are under the jurisdiction of norm 181-1. The article proves the thesis that the generic object of the offense under Art. 181-1 will mainly advocate public health rather than public order and public safety. It is proposed to understand the population health as social relations as a set of favorable conditions for the functioning of a living organism. Attention is focused on the fact that only street prostitution (the lowest type of prostitution) will encroach on public order, when a prostitute person offers his/her services – «advertises him/herself», searches for clients or provides his/her services in public places (entrances, underground passages, parks, squares, etc.). In other cases, these actions take place covertly and in no way can violate public order. On the basis of this, a proposal is made to transfer the corpus delicti «Engaging in prostitution» from Chapter 14 «Administrative offenses infringing on public order and public safety» to Chapter 5 «Administrative offenses in the field of labor protection and public health». After analyzing the scientific works on the issue under consideration, it was found, that public morality in the intimate sphere acts as the direct object of the offense. At the same time, the object of prostitution largely depends on how this phenomenon is perceived in society. If it is negative, then the harm to the immediate object will have a pronounced character, if it is neutral, then prostitution will not harm public morality in the intimate sphere and will not create such a threat

The Dark Tetrad and Male Clients of Female Sex Work.

Many scholars have investigated the attitudes, beliefs, motives, and behavior of male clients of female sex workers. However, few have examined individual differences in major dimensions of personality expressed by men who purchase prostitution compared to those who do not. Although several evolutionary psychologists have studied prostitution and those involved in sex work, to our knowledge, none have explicitly considered the utility of an evolutionary personality perspective in trying to understand why particular men pay for sex. In the current mini-review, following other researchers, prostitution is described principally as a form of short-term mating sought primarily by men. We argue that the socially aversive traits embodying the Dark Tetrad (narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism) may characterize certain male clients of female sex workers, particularly those consumers expressing the motives of desiring exciting and novel sex with women who are treated with contempt, perceiving prostitution in a business-like manner with little emotional involvement, and seeking to dominate and control sex workers who are viewed as vulnerable and subservient. The traits of the tetrad may also be more prevalent among men who purchase sex from female sex workers in outdoor (e.g., street prostitution) in comparison to indoor settings (e.g., escort agencies).

Criminological Aspect on Case of Prostitution around Poncol Station Semarang

Prostitution is an anti-social sexual deviation because it violates the norms of decency, norms of decency, customary norms and religious norms. This prostitution occurs in society in the form carried out by a group or individual in an organized manner consisting of pimps, the purpose of getting wages or rewards from those who have used their services. there are two parties namely PSK (Commercial Sex Workers) and masher men as customers. In the Criminal Code (KUHP) only regulates pimps, not yet regulating PSK and its customers. This has an impact on the development of prostitution in people's lives. Prostitution is regulated in Article 296 and Article 506. There are various factors behind the occurrence of this prostitution, such as economic factors caused by economic pressures and life burdens, there are also social factors such as the social environment, and family factors due to divorce or family problems. This study aims to find out what factors underlie the phenomenon of a CSW and analyze based on the perspective of criminological law. This research is located at Semarang Poncol Station on Jalan Imam Bonjol Semarang. This research uses an empirical and qualitative juridical approach. The results of the research and discussion show that the author obtained, among others, can be explained through the formulation that we discussed, namely: The characteristics that exist in the perpetrators of street prostitution, the impact on prostitution, technicalities in transactions between customers and prostitutes, and theories justify the existence of deviations in prostitution.

Affective governance among street-involved women and their services providers

ABSTRACTAffect modulates and directs the governance of street prostitution in encounters between street-involved women and their social services and healthcare providers through three nodes on a circuit of affect. The first is the street, constituting a set of geographic and psycho-social phenomena that exert a formative and often intergenerational impact on street-involved women’s lives. The second, selfhood, connects an understanding of trauma as inhibitory to cognitive development with the governmentality of mental health diagnoses. The third, embodied abjection, links the physical states and practices connected with addiction, homelessness, incarceration, and other forms of social suffering, with street-involved women’s abjection.

PENCIPTAAN TOKOH ROSE THOMAS DALAM NASKAH PERANGKAP KARYA EUGENE O’NEILL TERJEMAHAN FARIED. ABE

Women often has a bad experience. Rose Thomas, a 22-year-old young prostitute is faced a very difficult position. Rose is a street prostitute and already has children. In addition, she must also earn a living in the middle of TB disease she suffered. Even physical violence seemed to be common to her. This condition is trying to be presented in the script The Web by Eugene O'Neill translation Faried W. Abe, where humans already have their own trap. When fate is willing, we can not escape. Problems will always come and go. In playing this script, the actor uses the realist acting theory Stanislavski to try to bring human behavior fairly on stage. Of course to realize it must go through the various stages of the creation of a character until there will be a new human who appears with the conflict that she had. Keywords: Rose, Eugene O'Neill, The Web, Prostitute, TBC, Violence, Realist, Stanislavski

Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for Identification of Clinical Enterococcus Species

Background: Given the prevalence of high-risk behaviors among various sections of a society, prostitution is considered one of the most important current problems. Objectives: The present study was conducted to determine the awareness of known women with high-risk sexual status about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and their individual-social predictors in Kermanshah, Iran, in 2015. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 173 prostitutes. All eligible female prostitutes who had records at the Department of Welfare, the health centers, and the drug rehabilitation centers were selected by convenience sampling. Street prostitutes were also selected by snowball sampling method. Socio-demographic and knowledge questionnaires were used to collect data. The data were analyzed by using an independent t test, one-way ANOVA test, and multivariate linear regression model. Results: The mean (SD) score of knowledge was 62.1 (18.2) within the acquirable score range of zero to 100. According to the multivariate linear regression model, variables including duration of staying at this job, education level, husband’s education, father's job, number of children, age at the first sexual activity, and the ways of supplying condoms were knowledge predictors while adjusting other variables. Conclusions: Educational planning should include all age groups from all social and economic classes. Identifying and focusing on the variables of knowledge can improve the knowledge of women about STIs.

'Sidewalkks Queens': The Economics of Popular Prostitutions in Fin-De-Siicle Paris

This paper aims at understanding the economic rationalities of the different actors of the informal public prostitution network and at measuring how their behavior impacts the financial considerations of the other actors of the urban economy. This chapter follows an economic history perspective which enables us to show that the meaning of prostitution varied largely depending on the immediate socio-geographic context. It also gives us the tools to fully grasp the complexity of an economic configuration based on power struggles and dynamics, without simplifying them. We feel the economic issues which are street prostitution specific but which also enlighten other issues of the modernization of urban economies in the Western world are best apprehended by a thick description of the economic practices which built up a local space – the working-class La Goutte-d’Or district – where streetwalkers were remarkably numerous. This sort of historical ethnography is the result of a thorough consultation of testimonies bequeathed by all those who were concerned by the dynamics of sex trade. The echo chamber created by these archives of the Prefecture de police – the headquarter of the Parisian police – sheds light on an economic reality in which a variety of figures intervene: prostitutes and clients, procurers and madams, wine merchants and small local business-owners, watchmen and policemen, landlords and building owners. The interests of these economic agents combined very differently and were at times complementary and at others strictly antagonistic. One needs to explore the way these strategies shaped and structured the local economic space, notably by untangling the more or less conflictual ties between the informal economy of public prostitution and the formal economy of the district.

Feminism and the Politics of Prostitution in King's Cross in the 1980s.

In the 1980s, prostitution resurfaced as the object of feminist politics as second-wave activists grappled with Thatcherism, prostitute rights, tenant activism, anti-violence movements, and changes in the street sex trade and in policing. These conflicting imperatives converged on King's Cross, London. Events in King's Cross highlight some general trends, especially shifts in policing and in the geographic dispersal of the street sex trade. King's Cross also possessed singular features. It was the epicentre of street prostitution in London and the destination for hundreds of northern women migrating to the metropolis to sell sex. Intensified policing of the street trade provoked a heated neighbourhood dispute between council tenants and a media-savvy prostitute rights group. The year 1982 also marked a new configuration in local politics: the control of Camden Council by Labour Left and the formation of the Camden Women's Committee. In this challenging environment, newly elected municipal feminists in Camden set out to devise a feminist practice around prostitution. They found themselves embroiled in local disputes over public space, gender justice, policing, municipal progressivism, and resident action.

Transgender migrations: prostitution, identity and notions of ‘home’ in contemporary France

ABSTRACTMigrant street prostitution in France has increased since the 1990s, largely as a result of the ease of movement facilitated by political shifts in Eastern Europe opening up national borders and the arrival of greater numbers of prostitutes from Africa and China. These often precarious migrations have generally been made by cisgender females; although, a comparatively smaller (but progressively significant) number are transgender. The representation of this latter group is explored in this article through four documentary/docufiction films that respectively recount what can be described as the sequential stages of geographical mobility (i.e. pre-migration, migration, and post-migration). Motivated by the concern that more particular voices within the ‘queer community’ are insufficiently represented, the focus here will be on how this group of transgender migrant prostitutes articulate a sense of ‘home’. Analysis is framed through Sara Ahmed’s notion of ‘home’ as ‘skin’, a porous space that blends the static and the mobile, the ‘here’ and ‘there’. The selected texts disarticulate the epistemology of prostitution in gendered terms and dislocate the transgender body from material associations that link successful migration with the movement from one place and body to another.