Street Food Consumption Research Articles

An extended theory of planned behavior approach for assessing factors affecting street food consumption in the Philippines

Changes in behavioral aspect in food consumption prevailed in recent times, especially the rise of street food popularity in different countries. With scarce literature available, research on consumption and behavioral intentions in street foods was evident. This study considered an extended theory of planned behavior framework for the holistic assessment of consumption intention of street foods. With 1601 valid responses collected in the Philippines, structural equation modelling was applied for the causal relationship analysis of factors influencing consumption intention of street foods in the Philippines. Results indicated that perceived food quality and utilitarian eating values presented as contributing factor affecting attitude, while utilitarian eating values affected consumption intention with higher beta value over hedonic eating values and consumer behavioral domains. Following which was perceived monetary aspects, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control, and consumer attitude. Meanwhile, hedonic eating value negatively associated with consumption intention, but positive on consumers’ attitude. Managerial implications, practical suggestions, and thorough discussion were presented for other researchers to build on the findings which can be extended into other aspects related to local to foreign food and beverage advertisement, selling, and advancement. Furthermore, the results and framework utilized in this study can be further extended and applied to other aspects of consumer behavior in relation to other food industries.

Risk factors associated with street food consumption in Dhaka city due to faeco-oral parasitic infection in food vendors

Ready to eat foods that are sold in streets and busy public places and popular for their affordability, accessibility and distinct flavour and taste are termed as street foods. Due to their low-income levels, the majority of people in developing countries rely on street food for their daily dietary needs. In Bangladesh, many street food vendors target young school-going children by selling attractive food items in front of schools. To understand the implications of street food consumption in Dhaka city, 200 school-based street food samples and 200 corresponding faecal samples from vendors around 50 schools were analyzed using the Formal-ether concentration method from September 2021 to June 2022. 10 parasite species (Entamoeba histolytica, Blastocystis hominis, Cystoisospora belli, Diphyllobothrium latum, Hymenolepis diminuta, Hymenolepis nana, Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, Trichuris trichiura, Ancylostoma duodenale) were identified by microscopic observation. From food and the corresponding stool samples, 7 parasite species were found. B. hominis caused the greatest proportion of infections (21.5%), followed by C. belli (20.5%), A. lumbricoides (17%), D. latum (4.5%), H. nana (3%), T. trichiura (2.5%) and E. histolytica (0.5%). Statistical analysis revealed that city corporation, age, smoking status and use of today’s materials next day (p < 0.05) were associated with parasites present in stool. In the food samples, city corporation, age, use of mask, currently having disease, using today’s materials next day were significantly associated with presence of parasites (p < 0.05). This study is one of the first to correlate the lack of hygienic practices of the food vendors with an increased risk of parasitic infection in the vendors and their street foods resulting the possibility of transmission to the consumers. The study findings indicate the urgent need to ensure food quality.

Street food in the digital era: unraveling the influence of food vloggers credibility and information quality on consumer intentions

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of credibility and information quality (IQ) of online food vloggers on consumer attitude and purchase intention towards street food consumption. It also examines the relationship between consumer attitude and purchase intention influenced by online food vlogger reviews in North India.Design/methodology/approachIn order to evaluate the framework, primary data were gathered from 389 street food consumers located in Jammu, Chandigarh and Delhi – cities situated in northern India. The collected data were then subjected to analysis using the partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques.FindingsThe results indicate that the perceived value of street food, influenced by the credibility of food vloggers and the quality of information provided, has a positive impact on consumer attitude and purchase intention towards street food consumption. A positive impact of consumer attitude on the purchase and consumption of street food was also observed.Originality/valueThis research offers a thorough investigation into the elements that influence consumers' opinions regarding vloggers endorsements. The findings reveal that consumer's attitudes towards vloggers recommendations are mainly influenced by the quality of information provided, followed by credibility and the intention to make a purchase. Furthermore, this research is of significance to practitioners and academics interested in comprehending consumer behavior in the realms of tourism and food-related endeavors.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-02-2024-0158

Enhancing Street Food Safety in Kampala: Current Challenges and Future Directions

Street food vending in Kampala is a vibrant component of the city’s cultural and economic fabric, providing affordable, diverse food options and supporting local agriculture. However, the informal nature of street food vending introduces significant food safety challenges, including regulatory constraints, inconsistent sanitary practices, and risks of microbiological contamination. This review examines the current state of street food vending in Kampala, focusing on regulatory frameworks, hygiene standards, and vendor knowledge. It explores the health implications of street food consumption, including case studies of foodborne illnesses, and evaluates successful interventions aimed at improving safety. The review also draws comparative insights from practices in other cities and identifies emerging trends and research needs. Key findings highlight the need for strengthened enforcement mechanisms, enhanced vendor training, and improved public awareness to address food safety challenges. Recommendations include adopting best practices from successful cities, leveraging emerging technologies for real-time monitoring, and improving infrastructure to support safe street food practices. This comprehensive overview offers actionable insights for stakeholders to enhance the safety and sustainability of street food vending in Kampala. Keywords: Street Food, Kampala, Current Challenges, Future Directions

Mobile Assistant Application for Street Food Consumers in Bandung

In the dynamic city of Bandung, the lively street food scene has captured the fascination of tourists, offering a diverse selection of tempting dishes. Nevertheless, a persistent challenge arises from the lack of comprehensive details about these street foods, presenting a hurdle for consumers in making well-informed and health-conscious choices. This predicament underscores the necessity for a solution, leading to the introduction of the Mobile Assistant Application for Street Food Consumers in Bandung. Harnessing cutting-edge computer vision technology, this application seeks to provide a solution by furnishing users with an intuitive and effective tool for accessing in-depth information regarding street foods. The outcomes of thorough experimentation highlight the application's success in precisely identifying a wide array of street foods in Bandung. Users benefit from accurate information on ingredients and nutritional values, empowering them to make informed dietary decisions and elevating the overall street food experience in Bandung. This inventive solution not only addresses the prevailing information gap but also contributes to the well-being of consumers, ushering in a healthier and more enlightened food culture in Bandung at the tip of one's finger.

Thai street food as authentic tourism experience: the theory of consumption perspective

ABSTRACT This study explores the interplay between street food experiences, perceptions of authenticity, and the behavioral intentions of international tourists in the context of street food consumption. Additionally, it examines whether dimensions of consumption value moderate the relationship between street food experience and perceived authenticity, as well as between perceived authenticity and behavioral intentions. Data from 362 surveys, collected via a crowdsourcing panel data website, were analyzed using the PLS-SEM model. The findings reveal that street food experiences significantly influence both perceptions of authenticity and the behavioral intentions of international tourists. However, the dimensions of consumption value did not demonstrate a moderating effect on the relationship between these constructs. Accordingly, street food vendors are advised to enhance the overall consumer experience by offering high-quality, unique, and hygienic options, rather than focusing solely on creating value.

Do food quality, service quality, and hygiene practices in street food affect satisfaction and behavioral intentions? The role of emotion: in Istanbul and Bangkok

ABSTRACT This study has three main purposes. First, the impact of perceived hygiene practices, food and service quality in street food consumption on satisfaction was examined. Second, the role of positive emotions in these relationships was examined. Finally, the impact of satisfaction from street food experiences on revisit and recommendation intention was studied. The sample for Study 1 was 344 local tourists who experienced street food in Istanbul between July–August 2020. And the sample for Study 2 was 325 local tourists who experienced street food in Bangkok between January-February 2020. To test the research model, a two-study approach was used. For both samples, hygiene practices and service quality in street food were found to positively and significantly affect satisfaction. On the other hand, the impact of food quality was observed in Study 1. In both studies (Studies 1 and 2), no moderator role of emotion was observed in the impact of hygiene practices, food and service quality perceptions on satisfaction. Plus, satisfaction with street food directly affects revisit and recommendation intentions. As consumers’ attitudes and behaviors toward street food consumption were examined in two different research sites and the street foods were significantly different in both regions, the similarities and differences in the findings are valuable. Furthermore, the role of positive emotions on the perceptions that affect satisfaction with street food consumption in two research sites was examined for the first time.

Factors influencing consumer choices and food safety awareness in street-vended foods: A case study of Meru town, Kenya

The consumption of street-vended foods is common in many developed and developing countries, including Kenya. This study investigated the food safety knowledge of street food consumers (SFCs) and the factors influencing their choices of street-vended foods in Meru town, Kenya. A total of 456 respondents were randomly selected from different streets in Meru town to participate in this study. Data collection was carried out through in-person interviews using pretested structured questionnaires. The results of the survey revealed that a significant proportion, 79.2% of the participants were consumers of street vended foods. In addition, the study found a gender disparity that 58.8% of respondents were male and most of them had a primary or secondary education levels, while the majority of the female respondents reported that they had obtained college education. Furthermore, the majority of the respondents were self-employed (48.7%) and earned between KES 10,000 (USD 74) and KES 20,000 (USD 148) per month. The study also found that the average weekly expenditure on street-vended foods was estimated at KES 694.25 (USD 5.14). There was a highly significant association between the income range of the SFCs and their education level (p &lt; 0.001), age category (p &lt; 0.001) and employment category (p &lt; 0.001). Education level (p=0.0274) and age (p=0.0205) of the SFCs were significant factors in predicting the personal hygiene knowledge scores of the SFCs. About 31.6% of consumers reported being sick once or twice a month after eating street foods. The study revealed that convenience, cost, quantity, hygiene and service were important factors considered by SFCs when purchasing street vended foods. The findings of this study offer valuable insights that can inform the development of appropriate strategies and policies aimed at promoting food safety awareness and ensuring the availability of safe and hygienic street-vended foods in Meru town, Kenya.

The awareness-to-agreement-to-adherence model of the food safety compliance: the case of street food consumers in Manila City, Philippines

The awareness-to-agreement-to-adherence model of the food safety compliance: the case of street food consumers in Manila City, Philippines

Consumers’ Attitudes and Constraints towards Food Safety and Hygiene Practices in Ludhiana City

The study attempted to analyse the consumers’ attitudes towards food safety and hygiene practices. Further, an effort was made to analyse the constraints towards food safety and hygiene practices. A total of 200 consumers were randomly selected. The results of the study revealed that street food is not good for health (2.96), followed by food poisoning may occur after consumption of street food (2.28), it is important to follow hygiene practices (1.60) and contamination may occur due to poor hygiene practices (1.60) to maintain food safety and hygiene practices. Four factors came out from the study that confines consumers toward food safety and hygiene practices i.e. food safety knowledge and training, food poisoning, hygiene practices and food contamination. Lack of knowledge, adulterated food and poor hygiene practices were major constraints faced by consumers. The study also recommended that education and training programs on food safety and hygiene practices help create awareness among consumers.

Molecular identification of bacteria (Klebsiella aerogenes, PP335235) isolated from street food (Fried Rice); study of its antibiotic sensitivity pattern and probiotic fortification of fruit juice (Fragaria ananassa, Passiflora ligularis and Phyllanthus e

Street food is an integral part of India's culinary culture, offering patrons a wide range of affordable options. However, concerns about the public's health risks associated with street food consumption persist due to inadequate infrastructure and the transient nature of street vendors. Contaminated street food can lead to foodborne illnesses such as gastroenteritis, typhoid fever, pneumonia, food poisoning, and hepatitis A. Probiotics, which are beneficial bacteria, are potentially effective by targeting specific infections. Probiotic-enriched fruit drinks present an innovative approach to improving population nutrition and probiotic provision. Lactobacillus gasseri is a gram-positive bacterium that has been demonstrated to be a promising strain of probiotic due to its resistance to acidity and beneficial effects on gut health. Alginate encapsulation improves the stability and release of probiotic strain. Probiotic fruit juices can be made from fruits that are rich in antioxidants and nutrients, such as Passiflora ligularis, Fragaria ananassa, and Phyllanthus emblica. The aim of this study was to use molecular methods to discover Klebsiella aerogenes (PP335235) isolated from street foods. The study also sought to determine the isolate's pattern of antibiotic sensitivity and explore the potential of fortifying fruit juice with Lactobacillus gasseri as a probiotic nutraceutical therapeutic strategy.

The Use of Azithromycin in Pediatric Typhoid Fever without Complication: A Case Report

Typhoid fever is an infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. The prevalence is still high among emerging countries, such as Indonesia. There are limited options for the treatment of typhoid fever in children and more so is complicated by the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. The use of azithromycin has evolved as an important drug in the treatment of typhoid. A male, aged 7 years and 2 months, was admitted to our hospital with remittent fever 4 days prior. The patient also presented with a period of cough since 2 days, and constipation, with full consciousness. The child had basic immunization completed for his age. He had a history of frequent consumption of street food. The diagnosis of typhoid fever was confirmed by serologic testing of positive 8 IgM Salmonella. Initially, the patient was treated with intravenous antibiotics of ceftriaxone for 8 days but shoed no clinical improvement, then the treatment was changed to intravenous azithromycin for 4 days and his condition improved greatly. The patient showed a better response with the use of azithromycin. The management of typhoid fever remains challenging up to this day with variations in treatment response. From this case, we can conclude that azithromycin in some patients may show better improvement in the management of typhoid fever in pediatric patients. Although, ceftriaxone and other third-generation cephalosporins are still highly effective against Salmonella typhi.

Street food consumer behaviour decoded: analysing decision-making styles, risk factors and the influential power of social media celebrities

PurposeThis study aims to investigate consumer decision-making styles (CDMS) in the context of street food. In addition to the original CDMS constructs, two additional constructs, namely food safety risks and environmental risks, were included based on relevant literature. Furthermore, the study explores the moderating role of social media celebrities (SMCs) in bridging the intention-behaviour gap in street food consumption behaviour.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected through an online survey, with 300 participants providing useable responses. Partial least squares (PLS) analysis was employed to analyse the data.FindingsThe findings indicate that out of the eight identified CDMS, six styles, specifically recreational (hedonistic shopping consciousness), price consciousness, novelty-seeking, impulsiveness, confusion due to over-choice and brand loyalty, significantly influence consumers' intention to consume street foods. Additionally, the results support the moderating role of SMCs. This suggests that the presence and influence of SMCs play a significant role in shaping consumers' intention and behaviours towards street food consumption.Originality/valueThis study contributes significantly to the literature by adding two additional constructs, namely safety risks and environmental risks in CDMS. Moreover, this study fulfils the intention-behaviour gap in street food literature by exploring the moderation effect of SMCs.

Street food in Brazil: food styles in the daily life of a Brazilian city

ABSTRACT As a global phenomenon street food plays a significant role in urban food consumption. Connected with everyday life of city dwellers it has become popular as a cheap alternative to ready-to-eat foods. The paper aims to analyze how street food functions within the daily life of a medium sized Brazilian city, Juiz de Fora, the patterns of food consumption associated with variations in its rhythms and temperatures, and the attachment of city places to food experience. It furthermore discusses street food vending as part of the informal economy that enables marginalized groups such as jobless women and migrants to generate the income needed to sustain their families. Lastly, the paper reports on a qualitative study conducted through participatory observation and interviews with street food vendors and consumers in the central area of the city.

Perceptions, barriers and enablers on salt reduction in the out-of-home sectors in Malaysia (MySaltOH) from the perspective of street food vendors, caterers and consumers.

To explore the perspectives, barriers and enablers on salt reduction in out-of-home sectors in Malaysia among street food vendors, caterers and consumers. A qualitative study involving twenty-two focus group discussions and six in-depth interviews was conducted, recorded and transcribed verbatim. An inductive thematic analysis approach was employed to analyse the data. Two in-depth interviews and twenty-two focus group discussions were conducted face-to-face. Four in-depth interviews were conducted online. Focus group discussions were conducted among twenty-three street food vendors, twenty-one caterers and seventy-six consumers of various eateries. In-depth interviews were conducted among two street food vendors and four caterers, individually. Consumers and food operators perceived a high-salt intake within Malaysia's out-of-home food sectors. Food operators emphasised the necessity for a comprehensive salt reduction policy in the out-of-home sector involving all stakeholders. Consumers faced limited awareness and knowledge, counterproductive practices among food operators and challenges in accessing affordable low-Na food products, whereas food operators faced the lack of standardised guidelines and effective enforcement mechanisms and uncooperative consumer practices. Both groups expressed that food quality and price of salt were also the barriers, and they advocated for awareness promotion, enhanced regulation of manufactured food products and stricter enforcement targeting vendors. Consumers also suggested promoting and recognising health-conscious food premises, whereas food operators suggested on knowledge enhancement tailored to them, strategies for gaining consumers acceptance and maintaining food quality. These findings provide valuable insights that serve as foundational evidence for developing and implementing salt reduction policies within Malaysia's out-of-home sectors.

Why are street foods consumed? A machine learning ensemble approach to assess consumption intention of street foods

Street food promotes a country's society, culture, and economy. Most studies on street food have focused on food quality, eating habits, and eating motivation. However, despite the evident popularity of street foods among tourists, the intention to consume street foods has been underexplored. This study extended the theory of planned behavior by considering five additional factors to provide a more holistic measurement of the intention to consume street foods. Analyzing these factors using machine learning ensemble techniques, specifically the random forest classifier and artificial neural network. The different algorithms were then subjected to their corresponding optimization processes to determine the classification model's best parameters and optimum output for assessing intention to consume street foods in the Philippines, which yielded high accuracy rates of 93 % and 94.6 %, respectively. Variables such as convenience, hedonic eating value, self-efficacy, and attitude were found to be highly significant. The study collected 80,050 data points from 1,061 valid responses, indicating that consumers' decisions regarding the consumption of street food are influenced by individuals who hold significant importance in their lives. Moreover, consumers exercise their agency in the consumption of street foods, utilizing their resources and patronage to contribute to the societal and economic benefits associated with such consumption within the country. Given the freshness of most street food items being prepared on-site, this instilled greater confidence in their choice. The findings of on the intention to consume street food in a cultural perspective can be leveraged by government officials to promote and advertise street foods, highlighting their connection to the country's culture, diversity, and society.

Knowledge on street food safety among a selected group of Sri Lankan students; A cross-sectional study

Introduction: Street food has been frequently reported to contribute to foodborne illnesses. As a result, the safety of street food has been given major attention. Numerous studies have shown that a lack of knowledge among university students regarding street food safety results in a risk of contracting food-borne illnesses. Objective: Determine the knowledge of street food safety among undergraduate students. Methodology: A pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data related to students’ socio-demographic details and food safety knowledge. In this study, 332 street food consumers (220 females and 112 males) voluntarily participated. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 26 using p value &lt; 0.05 as statistical significance. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis. Results: The study showed that street food consumers’ knowledge on food safety was average. The knowledge regarding food safety was not significantly associated with socio-demographic factors assessed (gender, age, ethnicity, marital status, study program, academic year, and accommodation method) (p &gt; 0.05). The majority of consumers were aware of the possibility of food contamination, the value of washing hands, and the need for adequate hygiene in order to prevent foodborne illnesses. However, some aspects related to knowledge of food safety caused concerns. The majority of customers found it difficult to understand that food does not transmit AIDS. Conclusion: Young adults should be educated about food hygiene and safety. However, further studies are necessary to confirm these findings.

KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES OF FOOD SAFETY AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG STREET FOOD CONSUMERS IN KUALA KANGSAR, PERAK, MALAYSIA

Street food plays a significant role in the economy, where it supports the livelihoods of millions of people living in urban and rural areas while also contributing to tourism industries. As such, the hygiene and safety of street food should not be underestimated, as poor adherence to food hygiene and safety can contribute to foodborne diseases. A good understanding of food safety among consumers can reduce the incidence of foodborne outbreaks. However, comprehensive literature on the safety of street food is still inadequate. Therefore, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted among street food consumers in Kuala Kangsar, Perak Malaysia, to determine the level of food safety knowledge and attitudes, as well as the associated factors. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and Chi-square tests were conducted using SPSS version 26. Findings revealed that street food consumers in Kuala Kangsar have a moderate knowledge (59 ± 17) on, and positive attitudes (78 ± 14) towards food safety. Analysis revealed a significant association between participants’ food safety knowledge and attitudes scores, and gender with participants’ knowledge (p &lt; 0.05). Even though the level of food safety knowledge and attitudes among street food consumers were satisfactory, the study suggests that several important factors, including cross-contamination, food pathogens, proper food storage, and time/temperature control, should be stressed when providing food safety education to the general public since these are the topics that the participants could not correctly answer. In addition, to promote hygiene and safety with regard to street food in Malaysia, related agencies such as the Ministry of Health and regulatory authorities must design effective initiatives and implement adequate control.

Intention of Independent Travelers to Consume Street Foods in The Framework of Extended TPB: The Moderating Role of Hedonism

This study examines the intention of consuming street food during independent travelers' trips based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, which is expanded with the variables of past experience and hedonism. The relationships between the variables of attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control and past experience, and behavioral intention variables were examined. Moreover, moderator role of hedonism variable in the relationship between attitude and behavioral intention was tested. The study was conducted in Istanbul, and 523 of 541 questionnaires were analyzed. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the five hypotheses proposed in research model. Results showed that attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control and experience, respectively, were important factors affecting the intention of independent travelers to consume street food. However, results also indicated that hedonism does not have a moderating effect between attitude and behavioral intention. It was shown in this study that the expanded Theory of Planned Behavior can be used to explain street food consumption intention. Finally, theoretical and managerial implications of the current study were presented.

Determination of heavy metals in vended Indian street foods: Application of advanced multivariate analysis

The consumption of street foods is a popular and convenient option in India. However, street foods are often prepared in unhygienic conditions and are susceptible to contamination by heavy metals (HMs), which can be harmful to human health. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the levels of HMs in Indian street foods and assess the associated health risks. Additionally, we employed multivariate statistical tools to categorize the samples based on their contamination levels. The results revealed high levels of HMs in street foods, except for arsenic (As), which was found to be below the limit of detection (≤10 µg/kg). The estimated daily intake (mg/kg/day) of HMs in street-vended food items ranged from 0.0052 to 0.4244. The target hazard quotient and hazard index values of the analyzed metals in the street-vended food items were all found to be < 1, indicating no significant health threat to consumers. In conclusion, regular monitoring of heavy metal concentrations in street-vended food items is necessary to identify potential health risks and ensure that consumers are not exposed to any carcinogenic hazards.