Regional Development Strategies Research Articles

Green development in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic zone: evolution and drivers from a “production-living-ecology” perspective

Green development is key to promoting regional sustainable development. We construct an evaluation index system for green development levels based on the “sansheng” dimensions—production, living, and ecology. We rely on the “sansheng” (production, living, and ecology) dimensions, combined with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the entropy weight method to analyze indicator weights, to construct an evaluation index system for green development levels. This system enables the identification of the evolution patterns of green development and the analysis of driving factors in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic zone from the “sansheng” perspective. The results indicate that: (1) The green development level in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone has been continuously rising, with the average index increasing from 0.197 to 0.254. Yuzhong District and Chengdu City have shown particularly high green development levels; in 2020, the green development level index for Yuzhong District reached 0.568, while Chengdu City’s index reached 0.522. (2) The spatial clustering of green development levels in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic zone exhibited a trend of first strengthening and then weakening, with the highest clustering degree observed in 2015. (3) National strategies have significantly promoted the improvement of regional green development levels. The average green development index during the pre-establishment, initial development, and rapid development stages of the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone increased from 0.205 to 0.229, and then to 0.254. (4) The Theil index results show an increase in the disparity of green development levels among different regions within the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone.The results of the optimal scaling regression model show that the driving factors with a significant impact on the level of green development include the Number of physicians per million people, Public library book collections Per 100 people, Per capita regional GDP, and Number of secondary schools Per million people, each contributing over 15% to the impact. These findings provide valuable data support for formulating regional economic development strategies and are conducive to advancing sustainable development.

Biofuel Pellets as a Sustainable Energy Solution: Exploring the Role of Biomass and Regional Waste Management in Turkey's TR63 Region

In recent years, the increasing demand for sustainable and renewable energy sources has led to significant interest in biofuels. Bifuel pellets, which combine biomass materials with fossil fuels, have emerged as an innovative and environmentally friendly energy solution. Typically made from agricultural residues, wood waste, or energy crops, blended with fossil fuels such as coal or oil derivatives, bifuel pellets offer improved energy efficiency and combustion properties. By bridging the gap between traditional fossil fuels and renewable energy alternatives, bifuel pellets provide a transitional solution that enhances both calorific value and combustion efficiency. The dual composition of these pellets allows for better adaptation to existing energy infrastructures while supporting reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. In Turkey, regional development and waste management strategies have been shaped by the adoption of the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) system since 2002. The TR63 NUTS Level 2 Region, which includes the provinces of Hatay, Kahramanmaraş, and Osmaniye, plays a critical role in agriculture and livestock production. Due to these activities, the region contributes significantly to waste generation. This research highlights the potential of bifuel pellets as a viable energy option for the TR63 Region, where agricultural and livestock residues could serve as essential feedstock for sustainable energy production. The integration of bifuel pellets into regional energy policies could help address environmental goals while reducing dependence on conventional fossil fuels.

The shadow economy's impact on the sustainability of the regional business development

Subject. This article discusses the problems of strategic planning and entrepreneurship as one of the drivers of socio-economic development at the levels of the country and regions. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the interrelations and interdependencies between the level of the shadow economy and the sustainability of the development of regional entrepreneurial systems. Methods. For the study, I used economic and statistical methods. Results. The article finds that the shadow economy has a significant impact on the sustainability of the development of regional entrepreneurial systems, including the possibilities of functioning of entrepreneurial structures, as well as on the state of the external (regional) environment. In turn, the entrepreneurial system directly affects the shadow sector, increasing or neutralizing the incentives of various economic agents to develop their activities outside the formal economy. Conclusions. The existence of a two-way relationship between the shadow economy and the entrepreneurial system of the region predetermines the need to take into account the scale of the shadow sector when developing measures to achieve the strategic socio-economic and environmental goals of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The lack of such accounting has a negative impact on the objectivity of assessing the effectiveness of regional socio-economic policy. The development of regional strategies and programmes, taking into account the established interrelations, will make it possible to legalize the funds concentrated in the shadow sector and use them to implement measures aimed at ensuring the sustainability of the development of systems at different levels.

TERRITORIAL BRANDING TOOLS IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS

This study addresses the significant role of territorial branding as a strategic tool in public administration, particularly in the context of increasing globalization and regional competition. As regions strive to distinguish themselves on the global stage, the establishment of unique territorial brands emerges as a means to enhance economic growth, social development, and the overall quality of life for local populations. The paper discusses the necessity of territorial branding in fostering a positive regional image, bolstering regional identity, and attracting investments while promoting tourism and local businesses. Despite the growing interest in this field, there remains a gap in the theoretical understanding of territorial branding and practical guidelines for its implementation within public governance frameworks. This research aims to explore the essence, functions, and mechanisms of territorial branding, providing insights into its impact on shaping a region's image and identity. It emphasizes the importance of developing comprehensive branding strategies that consider the socio-cultural and economic nuances of each area. The analysis includes a review of contemporary scholarly works, highlighting contributions from leading researchers in Ukraine. The findings suggest that successful territorial branding relies on local community engagement, effective communication, and the alignment of branding initiatives with the region's unique cultural and economic resources. The study ultimately advocates for the integration of innovative branding practices into public administration to address contemporary challenges and leverage opportunities for sustainable regional development. Through a methodical examination of existing literature and theoretical models, this paper identifies key factors influencing effective territorial branding, such as cultural heritage, natural resources, economic opportunities, infrastructure, and overall quality of life. By synthesizing these aspects, the research offers practical recommendations for policymakers and public administrators to enhance the effectiveness of territorial branding efforts in Ukraine and beyond. This study serves as a foundational resource for further exploration of territorial branding as an essential component of regional development strategies.

Spatial Correlation Network Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Industrial Carbon Emission Efficiency of Cities in Pearl River Basin

China has experienced rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, and urban industrial carbon reduction has become the key to green and sustainable development. Exploring urban industrial carbon emissions and its spatial correlation characteristics is of great importance for promoting collaborative cooperation between cities and achieving the "dual carbon" goal. Considering 49 cities in the Pearl River Basin as research objects, the super slacks-based measure model was used to measure the urban industrial carbon emission efficiency from 2010 to 2020, and exploratory spatiotemporal data analysis was used to explore its spatial pattern. On this basis, we used social network analysis and quadratic assignment procedure （QAP） methods to explore the spatial correlation network characteristics and influencing factors of urban industrial carbon emission efficiency. The results indicated that the industrial carbon emission efficiency of the Pearl River Basin showed a downward trend. Additionally, a strong spatial imbalance and heterogeneity was observed. The Pearl River Delta Region always dominated the spatial correlation network of carbon emission efficiency, forming a multi-level composite network system with the core network as the primary component and the conventional network as the auxiliary component. Economically developed cities, such as Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Dongguan have long been in the center of the network and have extensive connections with other cities, while playing an intermediary role. The level of urbanization, science and technology, and industrialization have an increasingly significant positive impact on the strength of the connection between urban industrial carbon emission networks. The Pearl River Basin industrial carbon emission efficiency network has significant individual differences and hierarchical characteristics. According to the individual centrality, network role, and clustering characteristics, combined with the corresponding influencing factors, the Pearl River Basin urban collaborative carbon emission reduction strategy was formulated. This study can provide reference for the formulation and implementation of regional low-carbon collaborative development strategies.

Study on the spatio-temporal coupling and drivers of agricultural carbon emission efficiency and food security

In light of global climate change and environmental challenges, reducing agricultural carbon emissions while maintaining food security has become a critical concern for sustainable agricultural development. This study examines 13 provinces in primary grain-producing regions, utilising data from 1999 to 2022 to analyse the spatio-temporal heterogeneity and driving factors of the coupled and coordinated development of agricultural carbon emission efficiency and food security. The findings indicate that: 1) The proportion of carbon emissions from agricultural inputs in primary grain-producing regions exceeds 80%, whereas the contribution of carbon sinks from rice, maise, and wheat surpasses 95%. Both agricultural carbon emissions and carbon sinks in the Yellow River Basin are significantly elevated; 2) The general trend of agricultural carbon emission efficiency and food security is increasing, spatially characterised by a pattern of high levels in the north and south, and low levels in the south and high levels in the north, respectively. The integration of the two systems is progressing positively, and the trailing form of food security has emerged as a developmental trend, with the degree of food security limiting the coordinated advancement of both. 3) The overall spatial disparity exhibits a declining tendency, with hypervariable density being the primary contributor to this spatial difference. The overall polarisation of the primary grain-producing regions has diminished. The level of heterogeneity in the Songhua River basin progressively intensifies; 4) Rural human capital and financial support for agriculture, urbanisation rate and soil erosion control, agricultural machinery power and soil erosion control are the main interaction factors. The economic status and rural human capital will facilitate the integrated and harmonious development of the two systems, while the agricultural disaster rate will impede this integrated and harmonious development. Ultimately, policy solutions are proposed to optimise agricultural inputs and raise their utilisation efficiency, adopt diversified regional development strategies, promote regional connection and coordinated development, and reinforce the management of drivers and policy support.

Gravity model: Assessing the strength of economic ties between regions in the Ural Federal District

Subject. The article deals with the use of gravity models to analyze economic interactions between regions. Objectives. The study aims to develop and test a modified version of the gravity model to assess the strength of economic ties between regions in the Ural Federal District, using Data Science methods and data analysis tools of the R language of the modified gravity model. Methods. The study offers a modified gravity model enabling to more accurately assess the strength of economic ties between regions based on the aggregation of a variety of economic indicators under the principal components method, and obtain indicators of economic potential of the region in the economic system. The Haversine formula was applied to calculate distances between the capitals of regions of the Ural Federal District. Results. The model was applied to the Ural Federal District regions. This showed that the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk Oblasts are the leading economic centers of the region, while the Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Districts demonstrate less close ties with industrial regions due to their remoteness from the centers. The findings can be used to work out regional development strategies aimed at strengthening inter-regional ties, improving infrastructure, and diversifying the economy. Conclusions. The proposed model can be useful for analyzing and evaluating economic ties and the potential of regions in various macroeconomic contexts, which make it applicable for regional policy planning.

A methodological framework for assessing regional climate efforts. Learning from its application in Italy

In multi-level governance systems, regions are key actors in tackling climate change, acting as a bridging authority between the state and municipalities. Regions can provide a common framework and support local action, in particular through ad-hoc or mainstreamed mitigation and adaptation strategies. Despite this, their contribution to multi-level climate planning is still little explored in the scientific literature. This work proposes a methodological framework developed to comprehensively assess the climate efforts of regional governments, based on three dimensions: ambition, robustness, implementation and progress. Ambition qualifies the regions' commitment. Robustness assesses the evidence-based approach of the plan and its link with the regional sustainable development strategy, as well as the regions’ involvement in transnational networks. Implementation and progress, records the availability of indicators to provide evidence of the actions taken, monitor progress, and inform stakeholders. Applying the proposed methodology to the Italian multi-regional case study sheds light on the weaknesses that limit the impact of climate action, while defining the factors that enhance climate performance. The results show that transnational networks can raise the level of ambition for mitigation, but less so for adaptation, where there are no quantitative targets or fixed target years. A science-based approach and a strong link to the regional sustainable development strategy provide a good degree of robustness, while tracking implementation and progress remains the most challenging factor. Good practices were also identified, based on the successful experiences of some Italian regions, which can be profitably transferred between regional authorities, but also to other sub-national governments.

Pathways and enhanced evaluation system for green low-carbon development across diverse Chinese regions.

Rapid economic growth in China has led to significant resource and environmental challenges, particularly in less economically developed regions. This study aims to identify effective strategies for achieving green, low-carbon development in these regions during the economic transition. We employed the Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) method to scrutinize the impact of economic, demographic, industrial, and technological factors on low-carbon development across a selection of Chinese provinces, including Qinghai, Hunan, Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Hainan, and Chongqing. This approach facilitates a nuanced exploration of the multifaceted determinants of low-carbon progress within the regional contexts of China. The study identified three distinct paths to low-carbon development, each with unique prioritization characteristics. These paths are the traditional early low-carbon path, the semi-modernized mid-carbon path, and the post-modernized low-carbon path. Each path offers tailored strategies for less developed regions to enhance their environmental innovation capacity and global competitiveness. This research contributes a novel perspective for regional sustainable development in China by offering tailored low-carbon development strategies for less developed regions. The findings suggest that region-specific strategies, aligned with developmental stages and characteristics, are essential for ensuring balanced economic, social, and environmental development.

Identification of Land Use Conflict Based on Multi-Scenario Simulation—Taking the Central Yunnan Urban Agglomeration as an Example

Land use conflict is an inevitable and objective phenomenon during regional development, with significant impacts on both regional economic growth and ecological security. Scientifically assessing the spatiotemporal evolution of these conflicts is essential to optimize land use structures and promote sustainable resource utilization. This study employs multi-period land use/land cover remote sensing data from China to develop a model for the measurement of land use conflict from the perspective of the landscape ecological risk. By applying the optimal landscape scale method to determine the most appropriate analysis scale, this research investigates the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of land use conflicts in the Central Yunnan Urban Agglomeration from 2000 to 2020. Furthermore, by integrating the Patch-Generating Land Use Simulation (PLUS) model with the Multi-Objective Programming (MOP) algorithm, this study simulates the spatial patterns of land use conflict in 2030 under four scenarios: Natural Development (ID), Economic Development (ED), Ecological Conservation (PD), and Sustainable Development (SD). The findings reveal that, from 2000 to 2020, the proportion of areas with strong and moderately strong conflict levels in the Central Yunnan Urban Agglomeration increased by 2.19%, while the proportion of areas with weak and moderately weak conflict levels decreased by 1.45%, underscoring the growing severity of land use conflict. The predictions for 2030 suggest that the spatial pattern of conflict under various scenarios will largely reflect the trends observed in 2020. Under the ID scenario, areas with weak and moderately weak conflict levels constitute 57.5% of the region; this increases by 0.85% under the SD scenario. Conversely, areas experiencing strong and moderately strong conflict levels, which stand at 33.02% under the ID scenario, decrease by 1.04% under the SD scenario. These projections indicate that the SD scenario, which aims to balance ecological conservation with economic development, effectively mitigates land use conflict, making it the most viable strategy for future regional development.

THE STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT AT THE BORDER PORTS BETWEEN MONGOLIA AND CHINA

Effective management of border port road transport is crucial for enhancing trade and economic potential at border ports and free zones. This involves long-term, medium-term, and short-term planning, as well as the implementation of integrated development policies to ensure sustainable and accessible improvements. By connecting border ports with railways and paved roads, enhancing transport and logistics competitiveness, optimizing cargo flow, and laying the groundwork for future transit capabilities, economic relations and cooperation between Mongolia and China can flourish, fostering the sustainable development of both nations. To boost trade turnover and establish free economic zones and road ports, it is imperative to enhance the management of border port road transport in alignment with Mongolia's regional development strategy. Currently, the concentration of the economy on only four ports leads to goods shortages, price hikes, and hindered business operations. Therefore, enhancing the type, quality, and availability of road transport services at border ports is essential to increase the throughput capacity of these crucial transportation hubs.

Fostering regional intelligence from the ground up: a selection of case studies from EU projects

This paper argues that sustainable development and regional intelligence can be markedly advanced through the strategic application of bottom-up initiatives, emphasizing participatory vision setting, collaborative production, and resource acquisition via crowdfunding and cooperatives. The study explores how these components are practically implemented within the context of three HORIZON2020 EU projects spanning the period from 2019 to 2024: citizen science hubs, makerspaces, and community bioenergy initiatives. By examining these projects, the paper identifies and analyzes the key elements of regional intelligence that are strengthened through bottom-up approaches. Qualitative analysis reveals that community-based initiatives grounded in citizen science principles play a pivotal role in enhancing citizen trust, transparency, and public engagement. The establishment of citizen science hubs facilitates inclusive decision-making processes and empowers local communities to actively participate in scientific endeavors, thereby fostering a deeper integration of local knowledge into regional development strategies. Moreover, makerspaces, as platforms for collaborative production, promote principles of the circular economy by encouraging resource reuse and promoting sustainable manufacturing practices. They also serve as catalysts for user-driven innovation, facilitating the creation of customized solutions tailored to local needs. Finally, community-driven bioenergy initiatives contribute to sustainable energy production, diversify energy sources, reduce fossil fuel dependency, and enhance regional resilience. Cooperatives play a crucial role in improving organizational efficiency and sustainability, enabling local stakeholders to scale initiatives, maximize impact, and promote equitable distribution of benefits, fostering social cohesion and inclusivity. The findings underscore the critical importance of bottom-up strategies in advancing sustainable development goals through increased regional intelligence. By integrating these initiatives into regional policies and practices, policymakers can leverage local knowledge and resources to address complex challenges, promote innovation, and build resilient, inclusive communities capable of navigating future challenges.

SMART-STRATEGIES AND INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE EU REGIONS

The purpose of the article is to generalize the foundations of formation of smart-strategy of country / region development as a factor of impact on the level of investment attractiveness. The development of globalization processes has led to positive consequences, resulting in the growth of the world’s economy. At the same time, the competition in the sphere of attracting investment resources has aggravated. Based on the analysis of indicators of investment activity of European countries and the investment attractiveness of the EU countries, it was found that the specified area is characterized by the presence of negative trends, which actualizes the need to develop tools for increasing the level of investment attractiveness. The system of factors of impact on the level of investment attractiveness of the country / region was studied. It was found that in current conditions, in addition to the traditional factors of influence on investment attractiveness, intellectual potential, flexibility, education and innovation, networking, etc. are added, which serves as the basis for the implementation of smart approaches in the formation of regional development strategies. The article defines the features of the formation of a smart approach to development strategies, which is based on the combination of technological and industrial components. It was found that the basis of smart-strategies is the specialization of the country / region, which is formed considering the resource provision and development potential of the region, the ability to diversify, the ability to achieve a high level of concentration of business entities in the region, the place of the region in the economic system. Building a regional policy based on smart-strategies will stimulate economic development, increase competitiveness and investment attractiveness of countries / regions. On the basis of the conducted research, a number of challenges related to the implementation of the smart approach were identified, namely, a high level of subjectivism and the need to ensure a high level of qualification of the participants in the discussions when implementing the mechanism of inclusive management; the growth of internal competition in the case of the formation of homogeneous specialization of several EU countries / regions; taking into account external risks, one of which is a full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war; implementation of adaptive approaches in the process of formation and implementation of smart-strategies. Addressing these challenges will contribute to increasing the efficiency of smart-strategy formation for a high level of investment attractiveness of the EU regions.

Recent Regional Development Strategies in Turkey and Smart Cities: The Case of the Southern Aegean Region (TR32)

This article critically examines how the smart cities approach has been employed as a strategic tool in Turkey's recent regional development strategies. The paper explores the efficiency of development strategies prepared for Turkey's South Aegean Region (TR32) with a focus on smart city elements. These strategic elements include transportation, smart governance, energy efficiency, and digital transformation at the sub-regional level. The sub-regional plans prepared by the South Aegean Development Agency (GEKA) serve as a distinctive example of incorporating new technology-based urban and regional practices into regional development plans in Turkey. GEKA's smart city strategies, while addressing best practices, are criticized for a predominant focus on technological solutions, neglecting crucial human elements like sustainability and social inclusion. These strategies risk widening economic and social inequalities between urban and rural areas due to high costs and increased involvement of private sector companies, leading to an uneven distribution of projects. Critics argue that GEKA's plans lack transparency and public participation, prompting a call for a renewed debate on development agency strategies in Turkey. Furthermore, through a renewed emphasis on the integration of human-centric considerations and the cultivation of participatory governance mechanisms, GEKA's smart city strategies have the potential to facilitate sustainable and equitable development within the TR32 Region.

Recent Regional Development Strategies in Turkey and Smart Cities: The Case of the Southern Aegean Region (TR32)

This article critically examines how the smart cities approach has been employed as a strategic tool in Turkey's recent regional development strategies. The paper explores the efficiency of development strategies prepared for Turkey's South Aegean Region (TR32) with a focus on smart city elements. These strategic elements include transportation, smart governance, energy efficiency, and digital transformation at the sub-regional level. The sub-regional plans prepared by the South Aegean Development Agency (GEKA) serve as a distinctive example of incorporating new technology-based urban and regional practices into regional development plans in Turkey. GEKA's smart city strategies, while addressing best practices, are criticized for a predominant focus on technological solutions, neglecting crucial human elements like sustainability and social inclusion. These strategies risk widening economic and social inequalities between urban and rural areas due to high costs and increased involvement of private sector companies, leading to an uneven distribution of projects. Critics argue that GEKA's plans lack transparency and public participation, prompting a call for a renewed debate on development agency strategies in Turkey. Furthermore, through a renewed emphasis on the integration of human-centric considerations and the cultivation of participatory governance mechanisms, GEKA's smart city strategies have the potential to facilitate sustainable and equitable development within the TR32 Region.

Resilience of Space: Application of Text Driven Emotion in Urban Planning

This study explores the spatial distribution of adaptive cycle phases in Meherpur District, with a particular focus on the rhythm of emotions within the community. By analyzing settlement patterns and incident distribution taken from newspaper, the study identifies key phases of the adaptive cycle—Release (Ω), Reorganization (α), Growth (r), and Conservation (K)— across the unions and paurashavas of Meherpur District. A GIS-based approach was used to map buffer zones and observe how each phase manifests within varying distances from the settlement center. The findings highlight significant fluctuations between release and reorganization phases, suggesting that the region is in a constant state of transformation and recovery. The study also reflects on how these spatial patterns affect resilience, with a particular emphasis on the emotional and psychological landscape of the local population. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into adaptive management and regional development strategies in Meherpur, contributing to a more resilient and emotionally stable community.

An Improved Framework of Major Function-Oriented Zoning Based on Carrying Capacity: A Case Study of the Yangtze River Delta Region

Major function-oriented zoning, a key spatial planning strategy in China, aims to coordinate resource endowments, socio-economic development, and subsequent planning initiatives. However, the existing framework for major function-oriented zoning relies predominantly on socio-economic statistical indicators at the regional level, often neglecting the critical role of carrying capacity. To address this limitation, we assessed both the current state and dynamic trends of the carrying capacity to identify risk and advantageous zones for major functions, with the objective of optimizing major function-oriented zoning in the Yangtze River Delta region, China. Our findings indicate that 47 counties are experiencing significant pressure under the current carrying capacity, while 57 counties exhibit a deteriorating trend in their capacity. Over half of the counties are categorized as having an overloaded carrying capacity. Based on this analysis, 66 counties have been designated as risk zones for major functions. Consequently, the optimization of major function-oriented zoning requires adjustments in 10 counties, incorporating the identified risk and advantageous zones to enhance spatial planning efficacy. This study proposes an enhanced methodological framework for major function-oriented zoning by fully integrating carrying capacity assessments, offering substantial support for territorial spatial planning in China. We believe that these improvements contribute significantly to more resilient and sustainable regional development strategies.

Relationship Between Land Use Transformation and Ecosystem Service Value in the Process of Urban–Rural Integration: An Empirical Study of 17 Prefecture-Level Cities in Henan Province, China

Urban–rural integration, which aims to balance economic growth with sustainable land use, is becoming an increasingly critical strategy for regional development. This study provides crucial insights into the relationship between land use changes and ecosystem service values (ESVs) in rapidly urbanizing areas by analyzing the urban–rural integration process in Henan Province, a typical agricultural province in China. This research investigated the relationship between land use transformation and ESVs in Henan Province, China, from 1990 to 2020. Utilizing land use data and employing the equivalent factor method and elasticity model, we analyzed shifts in land use and their impacts on ecosystem services across 17 prefecture-level cities. Results indicated a gradual improvement in the urban–rural integration development index of Henan Province, particularly after 2000, but with notable disparities among cities. Zhengzhou, the provincial capital, consistently demonstrated high urban–rural integration development index (URII) values, influencing the integration efforts of neighboring cities. Conversely, peripheral cities exhibited lower integration indices. Notable shifts in land use patterns characterized by diverse transfer dynamics distinctively influenced ESVs across regions. Urban sprawl initially exerted substantial impacts on ecosystem services and stabilized over time. Suburbanization impacts peaked in the early and middle stages, while agricultural intensification initially affected ecosystem services, but their effects diminished with increased efficiency. Ecological restoration efforts consistently enhanced ESVs. The findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the dynamic interactions between land use transitions and ecosystem services in the context of urban–rural integration.

ЕВОЛЮЦІЯ МАРКЕТИНГОВИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ В КОНТЕКСТІ МАРКЕТИНГУ ТЕРИТОРІЙ ТА РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО РОЗВИТКУ

The relevance of the article is determined by the need to determine the essence, features and areas of application of special technologies of marketing territories, understanding the importance of matching a set of marketing technologies to a certain marketing concept and the life cycle of the territory, increasing the requirements for the level of professionalism in choosing investment directions in marketing and areas of application of marketing tools in the processes of social economic development of countries, regions, cities, communities. The purpose of the article is to study the evolution of marketing technologies, to deepen their understanding in the context of marketing territories and the need for their effective application in the processes of socio-economic development of regions. The оbject of the study is the evolution of marketing technologies of marketing territories and directions of their application in the socio-economic development of territories. Research methods include desk research, theoretical generalization, system analysis, synthesis, abstract-logical, visualization of results. The research hypothesis was formed based on the importance of territorial marketing, its traditional and innovative marketing technologies (MarTech) for the formation and implementation of strategies for socio-economic development of territories; confirmation of constant renewal and transformation of marketing technologies under the influence of new trends, new means of communication, new consumer culture, new generations of consumers. Presenting main material. The authors justified the definition of marketing technology in the marketing of territories as a set of methods, processes, marketing tools, knowledge, methods, methods, procedures for making and implementing marketing decisions regarding the definition and creation of new values aimed at the formation, support and development of long-term mutually beneficial partnership relations between local self-government bodies and target audiences. It is emphasized that the use of marketing technologies in territorial and public administration faces problems related to the need for a deeper understanding of the specifics of the use of marketing tools in the public sector and local self-government. The article identifies certain key factors contributing to the effective use of marketing technologies to increase the attractiveness of regions for various target audiences. Originality and practical significance. Special attention is paid to the historical evolution of marketing technologies and their transition from traditional methods to modern digital solutions. It is emphasized that the evolution of marketing technologies reflects the general technological progress of society, allowing specialists to constantly improve the efficiency of their activities and interact more deeply with the target audience. The article collects and systematizes recommendations that can serve as a basis for further strategic decisions in the development and management of territorial resources. Conclusions and prospects for further research. Differences in terminological approaches to the definition of marketing technologies testify to their versatility and variety of applications. This requires researchers and practitioners to have a deeper understanding of the directions of integration of marketing technologies into regional development strategies and programs. The use of traditional and innovative marketing technologies allows digital or physical marketing teams of local governments to solve marketing tasks to achieve the goals of socio-economic development. Despite the significant benefits, the application of marketing technologies is accompanied by certain challenges, including compliance with the current marketing concept, further automation and digitalization of marketing, the need for data protection, privacy and risk management. Solving these issues will require additional research and adaptation of marketing innovations to domestic conditions and requirements of the digital and creative economy.

КОПІНГ-СТРАТЕГІЇ В КОНТЕКСТІ КРИЗОВОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ

The ongoing humanitarian crisis in Ukraine, intensified by the conflict that began in February 2022, has resulted in 14.7 million individuals requiring humanitarian aid by 2024. This crisis has led to significant socioeconomic challenges, with households adopting various coping strategies to manage economic stress. Understanding these strategies and their regional variations is crucial for effective crisis response and resource allocation. The purpose of the article. To analyze and present findings on the coping strategies adopted by Ukrainian households in response to the ongoing humanitarian crisis and conflict, with a particular focus on regional differences and the most severely affected areas. The object of the research. Household coping strategies across different regions of Ukraine, including selling assets, spending savings, purchasing food on credit, seeking additional employment, reducing health and education expenditures, and using degrading income sources. The methods of the research. The study employed a quantitative data collection methodology developed by REACH, utilizing both face-to-face household surveys and computer-assisted telephone interviews. The dataset encompassed 10,434 interviews conducted at the household level across 23 oblasts, targeting a 95% confidence level and an 8% margin of error. The hypothesis of the research. The research appears to hypothesize that there are significant regional variations in the adoption of coping strategies, with areas closer to the conflict zone experiencing more severe economic stress and resorting to more extreme coping measures. The statement of basic materials. The research identified ten distinct coping strategies and analyzed their adoption rates across different regions of Ukraine. Eastern and southern regions, particularly Donetska, Kharkivska, Zaporizka, Khersonska, and Sumska oblasts, consistently demonstrated higher adoption rates of various coping strategies. Donetska oblast emerged as the epicenter of economic stress, with 50% of households reporting the sale of assets or spending of savings. Zaporizka oblast led in purchasing food on credit (18.63%) and reducing health expenditures (55.28%). Significant regional disparities were observed, with some oblasts showing coping strategy adoption rates far exceeding national averages. The originality and practical significance of the research. This study provides a comprehensive, region-specific analysis of household coping strategies in Ukraine during an ongoing crisis, offering valuable insights for targeted interventions. The research's practical significance lies in its potential applications for socio-economic management, including informing the design of targeted social safety nets and economic support programs, guiding efficient resource allocation based on region-specific needs, and supporting the development of tailored healthcare and education policies. Conclusions and prospects for further research. It provides a baseline for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of future interventions and informs long-term regional development strategies and crisis response planning. By offering a nuanced understanding of how different regions are coping with the crisis, this research enables policymakers to develop more effective, localized approaches to addressing Ukraine's complex humanitarian challenges.