Urban renewal theory is one of the theoretical frameworks in supporting urban development, which begins with an increase in the number of buildings in the city to accommodate basic human needs, continuing with the preservation of historical landmarks, as well as the introduction of green plants and sustainable ecology. It indicates that people pay greater attention to the urban living environment and shape the quality standards for urban design and the building of the city's image. The aims of Global urban renewal are almost the same, although the techniques and tactics of urban growth and renewal in the West and East vary to some extent. To fulfill the developing demands of the times, the city needs to renovate and upgrade the city's older parts while also considering the city's overall expansion and progress. This article examines and contrasts the history, idea, and urban renewal approach in the United Kingdom and China, and also investigates the similarities and differences in the growth of western and eastern cities. The cities are selected for their long history and unique planning features. Edinburgh in the U.K. and Xi'an City in China are selected as examples for an in-depth analysis of urban planning sequences in regeneration. The study of the evolution of urban morphology and the urban regeneration strategies of British and Chinese cities is reflected in the modern urban renewal of Edinburgh and Xi'an, along with the relationship between urban morphology and urban history and culture. It also discusses the impact of green space and the ecological environment on these two cities, separately, which also offers inspiring ideas and references for future city governance and revitalization.