Strategies Used By People To Promote Health Research Articles

A protocol for a multidisciplinary early intervention during chemotherapy to improve dietary management behavior in breast cancer patients: a two-arm, single-center randomized controlled trial

BackgroundAdverse reactions are prone to occur in the early stage of chemotherapy and can negatively affect the dietary intake and nutritional status of breast cancer (BC) patients. Consequently, they need to participate in health self-management and lifestyle promotion programs. Early multidisciplinary interventions aim to enhance dietary management behavior and quality of life in chemotherapy-treated BC patients.MethodsThis single-blinded, single-center, randomized controlled trial will include 88 females who have not yet started the early or middle stage of the chemotherapy cycle. A random number table will be used randomly assign females to the intervention group or usual group at a 1:1 ratio. The intervention elements are based on the theoretical guidance of the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change (ITHBC). A multidisciplinary team (MDT) comprising oncologists, dietitians, nurses, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practitioners, and psychologists will provide the intervention. Intervention sessions will be conducted once a week for 8 weeks, beginning in the early or middle stage of the chemotherapy cycle and continuing through admission and a home-based interval chemotherapy period. The intervention includes face-to-face discussions, online meetings, WeChat messaging, and telephone calls. The themes target adverse reactions, dietary information and habits, self-care self-efficacy, treatment self-regulation, dietary supplement and TCM use, social support, weight management, and outcome expectations. The primary outcome is dietary management behavior measured by the Dietary Management Behavior Questionnaire (DMBQ). Secondary outcomes are self-care self-efficacy assessed by the Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH); quality of life measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B); and body mass index (BMI) measured by an electronic meter. All participants will be assessed at baseline and immediately, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after the intervention.DiscussionEarly dietary intervention is needed, as diet is one of the most common health self-management behaviors influenced by chemotherapy. Early multidisciplinary interventions may provide a foundation for dietary self-management and improve nutritional status in the survival period.Trial registrationThis intervention protocol was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (ChiCTR2300076503, October 10, 2023).

Factors influencing self-regulatory fatigue in patients undergoing chemotherapy for gynecologic cancer: a cross-sectional study.

To understand the current status of self-regulatory fatigue among gynecologic cancer chemotherapy patients and explore influencing factors. Using convenient sampling, a total of 232 gynecological cancer chemotherapy patients from two tertiary hospitals in Zhengzhou, Henan, China, were selected as study subjects from February 2023 to April 2023. General information questionnaire, Self-Regulatory Fatigue Scale (SRF-S), Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH) Scale, Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) were employed for data collection. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were executed to explore the correlates of self-regulatory fatigue, the significance level (α) was set at 0.05. The self-regulatory fatigue score of the 232 patients was 44 (36, 56). Binary logistic regression analyses revealed significant associations, demonstrating that residing in urban areas (OR=0.241, P=0.015), having no comorbidities (OR=0.158, P=0.015), increased perceived social support (OR=0.937, P=0.001), strong self-efficacy (OR=0.959, P=0.021), and heightened psychological resilience (OR=0.895, P<0.001) acted as protective factors against self-regulatory fatigue (P < 0.05). Patients residing in rural areas, having more than two comorbidities, lower self-efficacy and psychological resilience levels, and lower perceived social support are indicative of higher levels of self-regulatory fatigue. Identifying these influencing factors can provide references and support for developing individualized support and intervention measures to improve patients' physical and mental well-being.

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Postoperative Quality of Life in Patients with Renal Cancer under the Continuing Care Model Based on the Omaha System.

Scientific nursing is of great significance for improving negative emotions, self-management ability and quality of life of patients after cancer surgery. The Omaha system has been widely used in the field of care in many countries and regions, and although it helps to improve the quality of life of cancer patients after surgery, there are still large differences between different patients. This study examines factors affecting postoperative quality of life in renal cancer patients under the continuous care Omaha system, aiming to refine nursing plans. We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 108 renal cancer patients undergoing radical treatment, all of whom received care via the Omaha system. The score for quality of life and the scores for Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH), Social Support Rate Scale (SSRS), and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ) of patients with different baseline data were compared. Patients with spouses as primary caregivers scored higher across psychological, physical, physiological, and societal dimensions of quality of life than those with children or others as caregivers (p < 0.001). Patients without underlying diseases have higher physiological, societal dimensions, overall satisfaction total score for quality of life (compared to those with underlying diseases, p < 0.001), patients with clinical stage III have lower physiological, societal dimensions, overall satisfaction, and total score for quality of life (compared to stage I/II, p < 0.001). The physiological, societal dimensions, overall satisfaction, and total quality of life score for patients with medical or commercial insurance as the settlement method for medical expenses are higher (compared to self-funded, p < 0.001). In the SUPPH scale, the positive attitude score, stress reduction score, making decisions score, and total score were positively correlated with the total score for quality of life (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.008, p < 0.001, respectively). In the SSRS scale, the objective support score, subjective support score, useless support score, and total score were positively correlated with the total score for quality of life (all p < 0.001). In the MCMQ scale, the confrontation score was positively correlated with the total score for quality of life (p < 0.001). The acceptance-resignation and avoidance scores were negatively correlated with the total score for quality of life (p < 0.001). The quality of life of patients is not only affected by primary caregivers, underlying diseases, clinical staging, and medical expense settlement methods, but also positively correlated with self-efficacy and social support, and negatively correlated with coping styles.

Perceived control, self-management efficacy, and quality of life in patients treated with radiation therapy for breast cancer: a longitudinal study.

This longitudinal study aims to examine the present state of perceived control, self-management efficacy, and overall quality of life (QoL) in patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy, and gain insight into the dynamic trends and factors that influence the quality of life experienced by patients during the course of radiotherapy. Participants completed the Cancer Experience and Efficacy Scale (CEES), Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy- Breast (FACT-B). The data was analyzed using the software SPSS26.0. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and mixed-effects linear models were used to analyze trends in perceived control, self-management efficacy, and QoL at three-time points, as well as factors affecting QoL during radiotherapy. Perceived control and self-management efficacy were associated with QoL over the course of the radiotherapy. Self-management efficacy (β = 0.30, P < 0.001), presence of chemotherapy (β = 18.33, P = 0.024), and duration of illness (β = 2.25, P = 0.028) had a positive effect on the change in QoL, while time (β = - 2.95, P < 0.001), cancer experience (β = - 0.46, P < 0.001), and type of medical insurance (β = - 2.77, P = 0.021) had the negative effect on the change in QoL. The QoL, perceived control, and self-efficacy of patients with breast cancer show dynamic changes during radiotherapy. The higher the self-efficacy, the better the QoL, and the worse the QoL when the sense of disease control is poor. At the same time, more attention should be paid to the QoL of breast cancer radiotherapy patients with a long course of the disease, receiving chemotherapy, and different medical payment methods.

Application effect of perioperative nursing mediated by 3D printing and mind mapping in gynecological tumor laparoscopy

ABSTRACT Probing influence by perioperative nursing mediated by 3D printing and mind mapping in gynecological tumor laparoscopy. 90 subjects divided into three groups: A (n=30), B (n=30) and C (n=30). Each group was given a different type of nursing intervention postoperative recovery (postoperative anal gas exhausting time, eating time, hospital stay, leaving bed-time, and drainage tube extraction time) were compared among the three groups. Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA)/Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH), Generic quality-of-life Inventory (GQOLI-74) scores and complication rates were compared among the three groups. The postoperative recovery of group A and B was better than group C, and group A was better than group B (P<0.05). Post-intervening, HAMA/HAMD scorings within groups A/B reduced compared with group C, with group A＞group B (P<0.05). The complication rate of group A and B was lower than that of group C (P<0.05). Perioperative nursing mediated by 3D printing and mind mapping works well.

The Effect of Interactive Virtual Psycho-Educational Interventions via Social Networks on Self-Efficacy and Anxiety Among Patients Infected with COVID-19 and Living in Home Quarantine: A Randomized Control Trial.

Psycho-educational interventions might play a crucial role in the management of diseases. This study was conducted to determine the effect of psycho-educational interventions via social networks on self-efficacy and anxiety among Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in home quarantine. This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 72 COVID-19 patients, in Shiraz, Iran, in 2020. The patients were randomly assigned to an intervention and control group. Patients in the intervention group underwent psycho-educational interventions daily for 14 days. The data were collected using the Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH) questionnaire and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before and 2 weeks after the intervention. After the intervention, the mean score of SUPPH was mean = 120.75 (16.56) and mean(SD) 111.27 (14.40) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Moreover, after the intervention, the mean score of state and trait anxiety were 34.69 (10.75) and 38.31 (8.44) in the intervention group, and mean(SD) 45.75 (13.01) and 43.50 (8.44) in the control group, respectively. After the intervention, a difference was observed between the groups concerning the mean score of SUPPH (t70 = 2.58; p = 0.01), state anxiety (F1 = 16.52; p < 0.001), and trait anxiety (t70 = -2.49; p = 0.01). Considering the effectiveness of psycho-educational interventions in self-efficacy and anxiety, healthcare providers are recommended to use these interventions in COVID-19 patients.

Ethnic Differences in Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy, and Self-Management in Patients Treated With Maintenance Hemodialysis.

Background:There is a gap in research investigating the potential impact of ethnicity on health literacy, self-efficacy, and self-management in patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).Objective:To explore (1) the associations between health literacy, self-efficacy, and self-management among outpatients with kidney failure receiving treatment with MHD, and (2) the differences in health literacy and self-efficacy based on characteristics of ethnicity (ie, physical resemblance and proficiency in the language of the host population), known to be associated with health care access and health outcomes.Design:Cross-sectionalSetting:Outpatients receiving MHD at 7 adult hemodialysis centers in Calgary, Alberta from September 2014 to December 2014.Patients:Participants were grouped into 2 groups based on a proposed 4-quadrant framework of a multicultural society. Quadrant 1 comprised outpatients with physical resemblance and first language of the host population (ie, white and English as a first language), whereas quadrant 4 participants comprised outpatients with physical resemblance and first language not of the host population (ie, non-white and first language other than English). A total of 78 patients (nQ1 = 44, nQ4 = 34) were included.Measurements:Heath literacy, self-efficacy, and self-management were measured using the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ), Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH), and Patient Activation Measure-13 (PAM-13), respectively.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants at each of the 7 adult hemodialysis centers. All participants completed a study package, which included a demographic questionnaire, HLQ, SUPPH, and PAM-13. Spearman rho was calculated to identify correlations between patient activation level and HLQ and SUPPH scores. Independent t tests were performed to identify differences in HLQ and SUPPH scores between Q1 and Q4 participants. Stepwise regression was performed in other analyses to identify predictor variables of patient activation level.Results:Statistically significant correlations were identified between patient activation level and the health literacy domains of “ability to actively engage with health care providers” (rHLQ6= .535, P < .001), “ability to find good health information” (rHLQ8 = .611, P < .001), and “understanding health information well enough to know what to do” (rHLQ9 = .712, P < .001). There was a statistically significant difference between Q1 and Q4 participants in the health literacy domain of “ability to find good health information” (P = .048). “Understanding health information well enough to know what to do” and “actively managing health” were included in the final stepwise regression model, F(2, 72) = 32.232, P < .001.Limitations:The cross-sectional design limits the generalizability of the results. The small sample size limits the power to identify significant associations and differences. Although English was not the first language of Q4 participants, all were proficient in English, meaning potential differences of a key subgroup of Q4 (ie, those who did not speak any English) were not captured.Conclusion:The HLQ allowed for the creation of a health literacy profile of patients with end-stage kidney disease receiving treatment with MHD. The findings suggest possible associations between specific domains of health literacy and patient activation. Outpatients’ representative of Q4 receiving treatment with MHD appear to struggle more with finding good health information, which may leave them at a disadvantage in the early phases of their self-management efforts. The findings highlight potential opportunities to better tailor patient care to support patients in their self-management, particularly for patients from ethnic minority backgrounds.

Psychological resilience and related influencing factors in postoperative non-small cell lung cancer patients: A cross-sectional study.

The psychological resilience of postoperative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is influenced by many factors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the current state of psychological resilience and identify its influencing factors in postoperative NSCLC patients. This descriptive cross-sectional study used a convenience sampling method and recruited 382 inpatients from two Class A hospitals in Hunan, China. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPHH), Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were used. Postoperative NSCLC patients' psychological resilience was at a low level, with a score of (57.18 ± 8.55). Stepped Linear Regression showed that the related influencing factors of psychological resilience of postoperative NSCLC patients were age (β = -0.313, P < .001), family average income (β = 0.143, P < .001), self-efficacy (β = 0.416, P < .001), confrontation (β = 0.116, P < .001) and acceptance-resignation (β = -0.155, P < .001), which could explain 58.0% of the total variation in psychological resilience (F = 103.68, P<.001). Psychological resilience is positively predicted by average income, self-efficacy, confrontation, but negatively predicted by age and acceptance-resignation. Self-efficacy is the most important variable influencing psychological resilience in postoperative NSCLC patients. In the future, a series of targeted interventions need to be implemented to strengthen patients' self-efficacy and psychological resilience, which can also improve the quality of life of postoperative NSCLC patients.

Application of health education using new media in nursing outside the hospital among colon cancer patients

Objective To explore the effects of health education using new media in nursing outside the hospital among colon cancer patients. Methods From January 2016 to December 2018, this study selected 86 colon cancer patients at Nanyang Central Hospital as subjects by convenience sampling. A total of 43 patients between January 2016 to June 2017 were in control group, and 43 patients from July 2017 to December 2018 were in observation group. Control group carried out health education outside the hospital, while observation group implemented health education using new media outside the hospital for six months. The effects were compared with the knowledge need questionnaire for cancer patients, Champion Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS) and the Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH) . Results Six months after discharge, the scores of knowledge need questionnaire of patients in observation group and control group were (41.24±7.64) and (51.94±9.62) respectively (t=5.712, P<0.01) ; the score of CHBMS of patients in observation group and control group were (118.10±31.53) and (92.20±28.23) respectively (t=4.013, P<0.01) ; and the score of SUPPH of patients in observation group and control group were (98.37±17.17) and (80.45±17.45) respectively (t=4.800, P<0.01) ; the differences were all statistical. Conclusions The application of health education using new media in nursing outside the hospital among colon cancer patients can improve patients' health knowledge need, rebuild the health belief and increase self-management efficacy. Key words: Colonic neoplasms; New media; Health education; Nursing outside the hospital

Application of three-dimensional quality assessment model of structure-process-outcome in continuous nursing of elderly patients with lung cancer after operation

Objective To explore the application of three-dimensional quality assessment model of structure-process-outcome in continued nursing care for elderly patients with lung cancer after operation. Methods By purposive sampling, 48 elderly patients discharged after radical resection of lung cancer from January to December 2016 were taken as control group and received routine continuous nursing care. Another 51 elderly patients discharged after radical resection of lung cancer from June 2017 to June 2018 were taken as the observation group. Continuous nursing program based on structure-process-outcome quality assessment model was applied for the observation group. The effect of intervention was assessed by using Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH) and Quality of Life Questionnaire-30 (QLQ-30) . Results At 6 months after discharge, the scores of each dimension of SUPPH scale in the observation group were statistically higher than those in the control group (P<0.05) . In the observation group the scores of physical function, role function, social function and overall health of QLQ-30 scale were higher than the control group, the scores of fatigue, pain, insomnia, lack of appetite, constipation, and diarrhea were all lower than the control group with statistical significance (P<0.05) . Conclusions The continuous nursing care based on the three-dimensional quality assessment model of structure-process-outcome for elderly patients with lung cancer can help to improve their sense of self-efficacy and quality of life. Key words: Lung neoplasms; Quality of life; Structure-process-outcome; Three-dimensional quality assessment model; Continuous care; Sense of self-efficacy

Application of three-dimensional quality assessment model in transitional nursing care for patients with prostate cancer

Objective To explore the application value of three-dimensional quality assessment model in transitional nursing care for patients with prostate cancer. Methods By systematic sampling, a total of 96 patients with prostate cancer admitted in Cancer Prevention and Treatment Center, Sun Yat-sen University from May 2016 to May 2018 and divided into the control group (n=48) and observation group (n=48) based on their admission order. Conventional transitional nursing care was adopted in the control group and the three-dimensional quality assessment model was adopted in the observation group for three months. Before intervention and upon completion of intervention, the two groups were evaluated in their urine control condition, negative affect, self-management efficacy and quality of life by using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form(ICI-Q-SF), Self-evaluation of Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Chinese version of the Strategies Used by People to Promote Health(SUPPH), EORTC the Quality of Life Questionnaire for Prostate Cancer 25(EORTC QLQ-PR25). Results The scores of ICI-Q-SF、SAS、SDS in the observation group after intervention were lower than those before intervention and the control group after intervention (P<0.05); after intervention the scores of the positive attitude , self-relax , self-determination and total score in the observation group were higher than those before intervention and the control group after intervention (P<0.05); the scores of tract symptoms , intestinal symptoms and treatment-related symptoms were lower than those before intervention and the control group after intervention (P<0.05), the score of sexual life was significantly higher than those before intervention and after intervention in the control group with statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions Three-dimensional quality assessment model has important application significance in the transitional nursing care for prostate cancer patients, which can improve the urinary control of patients, alleviate their negative emotions, and improve their self-management efficacy and quality of life. Key words: Prostatic neoplasms; Anxiety; Depression; Transitional nursing; Three-dimensional quality assessment model; Negative affect

Effects of Self-Management Education on Self-Efficacy and Quality of Life in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

ABSTRACTBackground: Self-management (SM) as a dynamic process enables Ulcerative colitis (UC) patients to live with this chronic illness. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of SM education on self-efficacy (SE) and quality of life (QoL) in patients with UC. Methods:This randomized controlled clinical trial study was conducted on 64 patients with UC from December 2016 to February 2017 at Motahari clinic, Shiraz. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. The education program included six 90-minute sessions in 3 weeks and one month telephone follow-up. Before, immediately and one month after the intervention, the participants filled out the Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH) for SE, and the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire-9 (IBDQ-9) for Qol. Then, data were entered into SPSS 18.0 and analyzed using independent samples t-test, Chi-square, repeated measures ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: A significant increase was observed in terms of the overall mean score for SE and its dimensions in the intervention group (P<0.001). These scores were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.001), except for positive attitude (P=0.15). The scores for overall Qol and its dimensions significantly increased in the intervention group immediately and one month after the intervention (P<0.001), and the difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between SE and Qol (r=0.32, P=0.01). Conclusion: SM improved the SE and Qol in patients with UC. SM educatoin is recommended in nursing care of patients with UC. Trial Registration Number: IRCT2016092429823N1

Effects of self-management intervention on pain and quality of life in liver cancer patients underwent TACE

Objective To explore the effects of self-management intervention on pain and quality of life in liver cancer patients underwent transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods Totally 97 liver cancer patients underwent TACE in our hospital from March 2013 to March 2016 were selected by convenience sample method and were divided into the observation group (n=49) and the control group (n=48). Patients of two groups were given self-management intervention and routine nursing intervention respectively. Strategies used by people to promote health (SUPPH), NRS-10 and functional assessment of cancer therapy-general (FACT-G) were used to evaluate the self-management, pain and life quality of patients before intervention, 7 d after intervention, 1 and 3 months after intervention were compared between two groups. Results Self-management in two groups before intervention had no significant difference (P>0.05), however, after intervention, self-management in the observation group was obviously increased, and was significantly higher than that of the control group (P 0.05). As for the pain degree, there was no difference in two groups before and after intervention (P>0.05), and after intervention, the pain degree were reduced in two groups, in addition, the data in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P 0.05), but after intervention, the improvement of life quality in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Self-management intervention can improve self-management, reduce pain and improve life quality of liver cancer patients underwent TACE, so it is worthy of clinical application. Key words: Liver cancer; Self-management intervention; Pain; Quality of life; Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization

Influence of social support on perceived self-efficacy in patients with ovarian cancer

Objective To explore the influence of social support on perceived self-efficacy and coping style in patients with ovarian cancer, so as to provide the evidence for developing biotherapy, perceived self-efficacy and quality of life. Methods 108 ovarian cancer patients were recruited in our hospital department of cancer biotherapy. Measures included strategies used by people to promote health(SUPPH)and simplified coping style questionnaire(SCSQ). Results Compared with the lower social support group,the higher social support group scored significantly higher in perceived self-efficacy and positive coping,but lower in negative coping(P<0.05).The social support scale showed significantly positive association with the perceived self-efficacy and positive coping,but negative association with the negative coping(P<0.05). Conclusions The degree of social support has an important impact on perceived self-efficacy and coping style in patients with ovarian cancer. Key words: Ovarian cancer; Social support; Perceived self-efficacy; Coping style

Factorial Structure of a Scale

The Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH) is an instrument used to measure self-reported self-efficacy in patient populations. Self-efficacy has a major impact on quality of life and psychological well-being. Previous findings of dimensionality of the SUPPH vary, and cultural differences exist suggesting the need for further investigation and psychometric testing to establish construct validity of the SUPPH in different cultures. The purpose of this study was to examine the factorial structure of the Chinese version of the SUPPH (C-SUPPH). Using reports from 764 oncology patients in China, the factorial structure of the C-SUPPH was assessed via 2 analytical strategies. First-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models were used to examine the dimensionality of the C-SUPPH; a second-order CFA was used to determine the existence of a factorial structure hierarchy of the C-SUPPH. Compared with the 2- and 4-factor solutions, the 3-factor CFA of the C-SUPPH had a better fit with the data (comparative fit index = 0.94, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.94, root-mean-square error of approximation = 0.05, the close-fit test P = .565, and standardized root-mean-square residual = 0.04). Our findings confirmed the 3-scale structure: Positive Attitude, Stress Reduction, and Making Decisions; together, the 3 factors represent an underlying higher-order factor, that of general self-care self-efficacy. The C-SUPPH has a valid factorial structure and can be readily applied to studying self-efficacy in Chinese patients who are diagnosed with cancers. Our findings provide support for a culturally sensitive, reliable, and valid self-efficacy measure (the C-SUPPH) of Chinese adult cancer patients' self-care self-efficacy.

The effect of educating health promotion strategies on self-care self-efficacy in patients undergoing kidney transplantation: a double blind randomized trial.

Self-care self-efficacy in patients with end stage renal disease, waiting for kidney transplantation, probably decreases due to facing new conditions and side effects of treatment. The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of educating health promotion strategies on self-care self-efficacy in patients undergoing kidney transplantation. A double blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 52 patients undergoing kidney transplantation in Baqiyatallah Hospital in 2012. Patients were randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. The questionnaire of Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH) was employed to measure self-care self-efficacy. At first, the two groups filled the questionnaire. Then, the intervention group was trained regarding health promotion strategies within 4 sessions before the transplantation. The control group was trained according to routine protocol of the transplantation unit. Then, the two groups were followed up for two months, and reassessed at the end of the first and second months after the transplantation. The data were analyzed by descriptive and analytic statistics including independent samples T test, Chi square and repeated measures ANOVA. In the intervention group, the mean of total self-care self-efficacy was 106.96 ± 25.1 at first, and changed to 135.81 ± 9.65 and 111.19 ± 12.45 after the first and second post-test respectively (P = 0.001). In the control group, the mean of total self-care self-efficacy was 112.73 ± 14.33 at first, and changed to 118.58 ± 17.59 and 108.73 ± 15.93 after the first and second post-test respectively (P = 0.001). Significant differences were observed between the two groups in the first post-test regarding total score of self-care self-efficacy (P = 0.001) and dimensions of reduction of stress (P = 0.001), enjoying life (P = 0.01), and coping (P = 0.001). The mean scores of the intervention group were higher than those of the controls in all domains of self-care self-efficacy in the second post-test. However, the difference was only significant in decision-making dimension (P = 0.04). Educating health promotion strategies was effective in improving self-care self-efficacy in patients undergoing kidney transplantation. Establishment of a holistic caring program is suggested to integrate the pre-transplantation educations with a continual post discharge follow-up.

Investigation of self-management efficacy of lung cancer patients and related factors

Objective To study the level of self-management efficacy of patients with lung cancer and its related factors, in order to improve intervention strategies .Methods With the design of descriptive correlation study and the method of convenience sampling , 72 patients with lung cancer from 4 Grade Ⅲ-A Hospitals in Beijing were chosen and investigated with self-made common questionnaire, the Strategies Used by People to Promote Health （SUPPH） and Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS）.All of the data was analyzed by SPSS 17.0.Results The average score of lung cancer patients ＇ self-management efficacy was （98.39 ±22.75）, with the good rate of 26.6%and the moderate rate of 51.2%, most of which was in the middle level .The average score of social support was （41.04 ±7.78）, with the index score of （62.18 ±14.14） %, which was also in the middle level.Nationality, cultural background, social support, objective support as well subjective support were related to the score of self-management efficacy in lung cancer patients （ P 〈0.05）.Conclusions In the management of patients with lung cancer , medical workers should provide targeted information according to the actual situation of lung cancer patients , for example, more attention should be paid to patients with low cultural degree or social support, and also provide guidance of corresponding disease for patients of different nationalities and different duration of disease , so as to improve their self-management ability and health condition . Key words: Lung cancer; Self management efficacy; Related factors

A measure of self‐care self‐efficacy

Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH), a 29-item self-report, is a measure of self-care self-efficacy. Items for the SUPPH were empirically generated, validated by an expert panel, and tested (N = 275) for psychometric properties, factor composition, and convergent and discriminant evidence with existing scales. Good initial psychometric properties were found for the SUPPH and four factors emerged: coping, stress reduction, making decisions, and enjoying life. These factors are consistent with the underlying self-efficacy theory upon which the scale is based. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.