Identity Management Strategies Research Articles

When Neurodiversity and Ethnicity Combine: Intersectional Stereotyping and Workplace Experiences of Neurodivergent Ethnic Minority Employees

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the workplace experiences of 51 ethnic minority professionals who self‐identify as neurodivergent, focusing specifically on the impact of intersectional stereotyping within organizations in the United Kingdom and United States. Drawing on models of intersectional stereotyping, the research explores how neurodivergent employees' racial or ethnic minority backgrounds influence their self‐perceptions and experiences regarding prevailing stereotypes in professional environments. Semi‐structured interviews reveal that neurodiversity intersects with ethnicity, to either amplify or mitigate prevailing stereotypes during recruitment, performance evaluations, and career progression. Specifically, for Black and Latinx professionals, neurodiversity intensifies pejorative assumptions, reinforcing deficit stereotypes, while for Asian participants, neurodiversity can contradict the “model minority” stereotype. Neurodivergent behaviors are often seen as cultural mismatches with dominant norms, leading individuals to employ identity management strategies for professional advancement. This study extends general HRM diversity and neurodiversity research agendas by elucidating salient intragroup differences at this intersection, expanding intersectional stereotyping literature to include neurodiversity, and underscoring the practical need for integrated organizational inclusion initiatives that address the complex interrelationships between ethnicity and neurodiversity.

Strategic intersectional identity management strategies amidst identity threats: insights from U.S. Latina nonprofit CEOs

PurposeThis study identifies the strategic intersectional identity management (SIIM) behaviors that Latina nonprofit CEOs engage in to navigate hegemonic spaces.Design/methodology/approachData were collected via semi-structured life history interviews with Latina CEOs of nonprofit organizations and analyzed using critical race feminist thematic analysis grounded in critical race theory (CRT), Latinx Critical Legal (LatCrit) theory and feminist theory. Counterstorytelling methods reveal Latina CEOs’ SIIM behaviors and challenge dominant narratives of leadership.FindingsLatina CEOs recounted experiences of identity threats and their identity manifestations and suppression strategies within five contexts: white supremacy hotbeds, liberal white supremacist spaces, pan-ethnic Latinx communities, white feminist spaces and women of color (WOC)-led workplaces.Research limitations/implicationsThis study focuses on Latina CEOs of nonprofits, a distinct context which shares many similarities with for-profit CEO roles. We use a small sample size that, while appropriate for our methodology, limits generalizability.Practical implicationsThis research provides valuable insights for practitioners, including board members, donors, staff and coalition partners. It highlights the need for changes in board development, funder education and transformative allyship among coalition partners.Originality/valueThis paper offers SIIM as a way to challenge monolithic constructions of Latinidad and advocates for intersectional analyses and nuance when studying and supporting Latina leaders.

Nepal’s Status‐Seeking Endeavors: Between Normative Convergence and Geopolitical Interests

Due to limited material and geopolitical factors, the agency of small states is limited in international politics. As such, these states may seek to mitigate such weaknesses through status-seeking, adopting peculiar foreign policy approaches or international commitments to signal to more powerful actors about specific political or normative affinities. In this article, the conceptual framework of social identity theory, specifically social mobility, is used to assess Nepal’s foreign policy choices. It is argued that Nepal pursues the identity management strategy of social mobility in the form of normative conformance with more powerful actors to reinforce its status in the international community but not necessarily to rise up in the hierarchy of states. Social mobility through normative conformance not only allows Nepal to elevate its status with higher-status groups like the EU, the UN, and US (which are the country’s primary development partners), but it also reinforces Nepal’s interest in maintaining (and if possible, expanding) its agency as a sovereign state which is constrained due to its geopolitical location in between much larger neighbors, India and China. Nepal’s normative convergence efforts are broadly categorized into two specific types of commitments: (a) multilateralism and (b) normative congruence with development partners. Both of these normative conformance approaches seek to emulate the values and practices of the higher-status group—the US, the UN, and the EU.

Privacy-enhanced distributed revocable identity management scheme based self-sovereign identity

In recent years, the rapid proliferation of digital services and resources on Industrial Internet has imposed higher demands on universality and privacy of identity management. Particularly with the advent of the digital economy, prudent users are urged to maintain control over their digital identity credentials. However, traditional identity management methods have failed to meet this requirement and thus have been prone to raise users' concerns about potential financial loss. Specifically, conventional identity management systems(IDMS) have been plagued by imperceptible privacy disclosure, which derives from the flaws in single points of failure, excessive disclosure, correlation analysis, traceability, and revocation. The emerging Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) architecture aims to tackle these issues and is propelling the evolution of privacy-enhanced distributed identity management. To this end, we proposed a privacy-enhanced distributed identity management scheme with sequential aggregate issuance, threshold traceability and revocability in the setting of multiple credential issuers and regulators. We adopted the Decentralized identifiers(DIDs) and verifiable credentials(VCs) based on the SSI architecture to ensure the hierarchical identity authentication. The security and performance analysis shows that our proposal achieves the desired design goals and is feasible for distributed Industrial Internet.

Empowering decentralized identity systems for Web 3.0 in complex spherical fuzzy knowledge

The Web 3.0 network system, the next generation of the world wide web, incorporates new technologies and algorithms to enhance accessibility, decentralization, and security, mimicking human comprehension and enabling more personalized user interactions. The key component of this environment is decentralized identity management (DIM), embracing an identity and access management strategy that empowers computing devices and individuals to manage their digital personas. Aggregation operators (AOs) are valuable techniques that facilitate combining and summarizing a finite set of imprecise data. It is imperative to employ such operators to effectively address multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) issues. Yager operators have a significant extent of adaptability in managing operational environments and exhibit excellent effectiveness in addressing decision-making (DM) uncertainties. The complex spherical fuzzy (CSF) model is more effective in capturing and reflecting the known unpredictability in a DM application. This research endeavors to enhance the DM scenario of the Web 3.0 environment using Yager aggregation operators within the CSF environment. We present two innovative aggregation operators, namely complex spherical fuzzy Yager-ordered weighted averaging (CSFYOWA) and complex spherical fuzzy Yager-ordered weighted geometric (CSFYOWG) operators. We elucidate some structural characteristics of these operators and come up with an updated score function to rectify the drawbacks of the existing score function in the CSF framework. By utilizing newly proposed operators under CSF knowledge, we develop an algorithm for MCDM problems. In addition, we adeptly employ these strategies to handle the MCDM scenario, aiming to identify the optimal approach for ensuring the privacy of digital identity or data in the evolving landscape of the Web 3.0 era. Moreover, we undertake a comparative study to highlight the veracity and proficiency of the proposed techniques compared to the previously designed approaches.

Wear it like armor and it can never be used to hurt you: Reappropriation, identity change, and collective action

AbstractReappropriation has been discussed as an identity management strategy as a means to reevaluate oneself in a context that will not allow for large‐scale social change. There are, however, numerous examples of reappropriation of stigmatizing labels as connected to political movements. This research examines whether reappropriation of stigmatizing labels can function as a precursor to collective action. In Study 1, we conducted semi‐structured interviews on the reappropriation of çapulcu identity with 20 Gezi Park protesters in Turkey. Interviews focused on how they recall the reappropriation of the word to have started, how they gave subsequent meaning, and how çapulcu identity predicted their protest participation and their broader politicization during and after the protests. In Study 2, we conducted a cross‐sectional survey on the reappropriation of fat identity by collecting data from fat liberation and body positivity activists in North America (n = 479). Reflexive thematic analysis (Study 1) and structural equation modeling (Study 2) showed that reappropriation of stigmatizing labels among activists is associated with a greater willingness to participate in collective action through increased agency, empowerment, and identity change. Findings provide important insights on identity management strategies and social change, and open new avenues to discuss reappropriation as a possible political strategy that might mobilize oppressed groups.

Optimizing Identity Management: Key Strategies for Effective Governance and Administration

The significance of identity management has escalated in today's digital environment, where sensitive information is frequently at risk of breaches and unauthorized access. This research aims to investigate the best governance and administrative practices to enhance identity management systems, with a focus on security, privacy, and usability. By analyzing current industry standards, regulations, and technological advancements, the study intends to provide valuable insights for organizations seeking to improve their identity management capabilities. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and data analysis with qualitative interviews, to achieve a comprehensive understanding of current practices and challenges in identity governance and administration. Key components such as authentication, authorization, and access control are examined, with practical recommendations provided to enhance identity management strategies. The study emphasizes the importance of adopting role-based access control (RBAC), continuous monitoring and compliance, identity lifecycle management, and integrating identity governance with IT infrastructure. Additionally, it highlights the significance of effective password management, robust authentication measures, and the implementation of Single Sign-On (SSO) solutions to improve security and user experience. The research also underscores the critical role of data encryption and protection measures in safeguarding sensitive information and mitigating data breach risks. By adhering to best practices in identity management, organizations can strengthen their overall cybersecurity posture, ensure regulatory compliance, and build trust among stakeholders in an increasingly complex digital landscape.

ENHANCEMENT IN-GROUP COHESIVENESS – NEW ASPECT IN THE TAXONOMY OF IDENTITY MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES (THE CASE OF PEOPLE LIVING IN POVERTY)

The main aim of the current study is to present the negative social identity management strategies used by the poor group of people living in Georgia. The qualitative and quantitative research was conducted with the participation of socially vulnerable citizens in order to explore the social identity theory in the targeted group. As a result of the research, the negative social identity management strategies, such as social creativity, individual/social mobility and enhancement in-group cohesiveness were identified. There was also adapted the scale of measuring negative social identity management strategies, which is related to Social Vulnerability Status. A novelty of the study is considering the enhancement in-group cohesiveness as a negative social identity management strategy. The study gives interesting potential to other researchers to continue studying new taxonomy of negative social identity management strategies withing other vulnerable groups. In addition, our findings help us understand identity management strategies better, revealing important insights for efforts to reduce poverty and support community development.

Identity management by multiple identification – religious leaders and EU integration of Bosnia and Herzegovina

ABSTRACT This research examines the identity management strategies among Bosnian religious leaders belonging to the three major religious groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), namely the Islamic Community, the Serbian Orthodox Church, and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vrhbosna. The research is based on 31 semi-structured interviews conducted with religious leaders from the aforementioned groups. It specifically focuses on how religious leaders manage negative in-group identities in the context of the country’s EU integration process. Identity management strategies described in the previous literature cannot explain how the respondents in the post-conflict environment of B&H deal with negative in-group perceptions. Instead, this research identifies a new strategy: multiple identification, i.e. identifying not only with the in-group but also with an out-group, thereby paving the way for a novel approach to identity management through multiple group affiliations, emphasizing shared values. With the help of thematic analysis, the article demonstrates how multiple identification with both the in-group and the perceived European society as an out-group evolves in this empirical case.

The role of group (in)efficacy in controlling deviance on group cohesion and on social identity management strategies: Social control identity motivated model

The social control identity motivated (SCIM) model proposes that perceived failure of group social control mechanisms in punishing deviance increases the threat associated with the emergence of deviance in groups. Based on this assumption, this model explains the psychosocial processes involved in the consequences for social cohesion and social identity management strategies of a match or mismatch between the implemented formal social control and the mechanisms that group members expect to be implemented based on social identity motivation processes. This model explains members’ commitment to the reinforcement of ingroup social order and status quo (in case of a match), or a need to cope with perceived inefficacy of ingroup formal social control (in case of mismatch). In response to perceived inefficacy of ingroup formal social control, individuals may engage in various identity-motivated processes, including disinvestment from the ingroup, informal social control responses, or efforts to strengthen the ingroup’s normative system through social innovation or social control mechanisms reinforcement. By accounting for the interplay between formal social control mechanisms and identity motivated social control expectations, the SCIM model intends to contribute to the understanding of social identity protective strategies in response to deviance, by highlighting that (in)efficacy of group social control mechanisms shapes this dynamic. This model is justified with both direct and indirect empirical support, and we discuss the potential of the model’s applicability, as well as the need for additional research to understand determinants of each type of response, thus leaving this model open to potential refinement.

The Role of Misrecognition in Driving Support for Right-Wing Populism

Recent research suggests that citizens’ sense of being socially marginalized, or “left behind” in society, plays an important role in triggering support for right-wing populist attitudes. Although perceived misrecognition by others is thought to be a core aspect of this sense of social marginalization, the effect of (mis)recognition on citizens’ support for the populist-right, and the psychological mechanism underlying this effect, has thus far not been directly examined. Inspired by the social identity tradition, we conceptualize the establishment of subjective superiority over the elites on the one hand, and over national minorities on the other, as an identity management strategy in the face of social identity threat, triggered by perceived misrecognition by the elites. Across three studies conducted in Germany, we provide cross-sectional and experimental support for a causal model in which misrecognition, which is directed at people as “nationals” rather than as individuals, triggers contempt toward the elites and rejection of national minorities, via the perception that one’s belongingness to the nation, as a valued member thereof, is threatened (“social identity threat”). Our findings suggest that support for attitudes associated with the populist right may help citizens re-establish their valued identity as full members of the nation, in the face of those who allegedly deny or disregard it.

Defend, Deny, Distance, and Dismantle: A New Measure of Advantaged Identity Management.

The experience of privilege can trigger psychological conflict among advantaged group members. Nonetheless, little work has explored strategies that advantaged group members use to manage their identities as privileged actors. Building on Knowles et al.'s framework and theories of intergroup relations, we address the conceptualization and measurement of advantaged group identity-management strategies. We aim to refine theorizing and validate a measure of these strategies across three contexts (U.S.'s White-Black relations, Israel's Jewish-Arab/Palestinian relations, and U.S.'s gender relations). This process yielded two novel conceptual and empirical contributions. First, we add a strategy-defend-in which advantaged-group members overtly justify inequality. Second, we discover that distancing has two facets (distancing from inequality and from identity). Across six studies, we find support for our proposed factor structure, measurement invariance, and construct validity. We discuss how advantaged groups contend with privilege and offer a tool for studying these strategies across domains and contexts.

Organizational Identity Management Policies

Effective identity management is essential for secure organizational processes, but organizations often do not approach it strategically. To break this trajectory, organizational policymakers need to define a clear and sustainable identity management strategy. This paper presents an overview and guidelines to help shape such strategy. It analyzes the key characteristics and trade-offs of today’s identity management models. Moreover, it offers practical recommendations for organizational policymakers when choosing among these models.

An identity management scheme for cloud computing: Review, challenges, and future directions

Cloud computing is a cost-effective way for organizations to access and use IT resources. However, it also exposes data to security threats. Authentication and authorization are crucial components of access control that prevent unauthorized access to cloud services. Organizations are turning to identity management solutions to help IT administrators face and mitigate security concerns. Identity management (IDM) has been recognized as a more robust solution for validating and maintaining digital identities. Identity management (IDM) is a key security mechanism for cloud computing that helps to ensure that only authorized users have access to data and resources. Traditional IDM solutions are centralized and rely on a single authority to manage user identities, which makes them vulnerable to attack. However, existing identity management solutions need to be more secure and trustworthy. Blockchain technology can create a more secure and trustworthy cloud transaction environment. Purpose: This paper investigates the security and trustworthiness of existing identity management solutions in cloud computing. Comparative results: We compared 14 traditional IDM schemes in cloud systems to explore contributions and limitations. This paper also compared 17 centralized, decentralized, and federated IDM models to explain their functions, roles, performance, contribution, primary metrics, and target attacks. About 17 IDM models have also been compared to explore their efficiency, overhead consumption, effectiveness to malicious users, trustworthiness, throughput, and privacy. Major conclusions: Blockchain technology has the potential to make cloud transactions more secure and reliable. It featured strong authentication and authorization mechanisms based on smart contracts on the Ethereum platform. As a result, it is still regarded as a reliable and immutable solution for protecting data sharing between entities in peer-to-peer networks. However, there is still a large gap between the theoretical method and its practical application. This paper also helps other scholars in the field discover issues and solutions and make suggestions for future research.

DID We Miss Anything?: Towards Privacy-Preserving Decentralized ID Architecture

Decentralized Identity (DID) is emerging as a new digital identity management scheme that promises users complete control of their personal data and identification without central authority involvement. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has drafted the DID standard and provided reference implementations. We conduct a security analysis of the W3C DID standard and the reference universal resolver implementation, focusing on user privacy in the DID resolving process. The universal resolver is the key component in the architecture that processes DID requests and DID document retrievals. Our analysis demonstrates that privacy issues can arise due to the imprudent design of the universal resolver. Furthermore, we found that side-channels in the DID document caching schemes of real-world DID services can entail privacy concerns. Motivated by our security analysis, we present a novel DID resolving design, called Oblivira, to enable obliviously DID resolving. Oblivira is a secure resolving agent with a small footprint that enforces the universal resolver to resolve requests without knowing their content. We also propose a privacy-preserving DID document caching scheme that eliminates side-channels. Our evaluation results show that Oblivira only incurs approximately 2.6% of overhead on average with different resolver settings (3, 6, and 12 threads).

The influence of Negative Social Identity Management Strategies and Self-esteem on Perceived Stigma of Poverty

The influence of Negative Social Identity Management Strategies and Self-esteem on Perceived Stigma of Poverty

Which Identities Are Concealable? Individual Differences in Concealability.

Concealment is a common and consequential identity management strategy. But which identities are concealable? In three studies (n = 468; obs = 4,068), we find substantial individual differences in which identities people experience as concealable. These individual differences in concealability manifest as Person × Identity interactions, such that people experience varying levels of concealability for each of their individual identities. In two additional studies (n = 465; obs = 3,784), we find that these individual differences predict the frequency and efficacy of concealment. We conclude that it is inaccurate to label entire categories of identities as either concealable or conspicuous and urge intergroup researchers to consider people's unique experiences of concealability. Pre-registrations for Studies 1 to 4 and open materials, code, and data for all studies are available on the Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/m95qu/.

Investigation of the Causes of Negative Attitudes towards Women Incompatible with Gender Stereotypes within the Context of Social Identity Theory

The primary gender stereotypes accepted in mainstream social psychology describe women as low in competence and high in warmth, men as having low warmth and high competence. Women who are incompatible with stereotypes are exposed to negative attitudes. Exposure to negative attitudes damages the psychological well-being of these group members. Stereotypes and negative attitudes towards members of social groups contribute to the persistence of their low status. Explaining the causes of gender stereotypes and negative attitudes towards women incompatible with stereotypes is an overlooked topic in mainstream social psychology. In order to change the ongoing gender system, where women have a disadvantageous status compared to men, it is necessary to understand the reasons for negative attitudes towards women who are incompatible with stereotypes. Based on the suggestions and findings of Social Identity Theory, explanations about negative attitudes towards women who are incompatible with gender stereotypes are presented in this study. It is concluded that most men reveal negative attitudes towards these women because women with high competency threaten men who can affirm their social identity through competency. Most men define their social identity through status-related traits such as competency. Due to the threat to men's social identity by women with high competence, it is concluded that negative attitudes towards these women are revealed by most of the men, based on theoretical suggestions. It is necessary to understand the identity management strategies to explain women's negative attitudes towards their fellows who are incompatible with stereotypes. According to the theoretical suggestions and related studies, it is concluded that the adoption of individual mobility and social creativity strategies reveal negative attitudes toward fellows who are incompatible with stereotypes. Although it is expected that women who adopt the social competition strategy have positive attitudes towards their fellows who are inconsistent with gender stereotypes, the level of adoption of this strategy is low. When theoretical suggestions and study findings are brought together, it is possible to understand the reasons for the negative attitudes towards women who are incompatible with gender stereotypes.

National identity management strategies among students in Washera Qenie school

ABSTRACT Based on focus groups and in-depth interviews with Qenie students (n = 66) in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, the author explored strategies the students used to maintain or achieve high positive self-esteem and national pride. The results revealed a range of strategies adopted by Qenie students in Washera. These involved assertion of distinctiveness, eternal characterization, identification with the past, conflating Ethiopia with Utopia, and portrayal of holiness. The study has practical implications and contributes to the literature on national identity, specifically on ways of maintaining or maximizing positive social identity among schoolchildren in similar contexts.

Who Do I Want to Be Now That I’m Here? Refugee Entrepreneurs, Identity, and Acculturation

This article focuses on a subset of refugees who engage in entrepreneurship shortly after relocating to a new host community; it explores identity-related antecedents and integration consequences of different entrepreneurship strategies in the new location. It draws from acculturation psychology and founder identity theory to argue that, post-arrival, new refugees consider (a) how to prioritize the identity associated with their former life and (b) the degree of connection they desire in the host community. For some, these preferences drive heterogeneous entrepreneurial behaviors associated with different acculturation outcomes—including marginalization, separation, integration, and assimilation. Specifically, we describe two refugee entrepreneur identity management strategies: reinvention (distance from home country identity) and reinforcement (close connection to home country identity) and propose their different acculturation outcomes. The theory-based arguments emphasize how attending to identity preferences of refugees can improve stakeholder responses. The article also illustrates why refugee integration can remain elusive, as not all refugees with successful ventures integrate.