Interaction Strategies Research Articles

Social Presence in Live-Streaming: Explore the Role of Audience Interaction in Traffic and Sales Conversions on TikTok

Live streaming has become a popular form of digital communication that combines entertainment, interaction, and commerce to redefine audience engagement. The study uses a mixed methodology that combines descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and feature importance assessment based on a comprehensive dataset of live streams collected over 6 months to explore the impact of audience engagement on traffic and sales. Linear regression, random forest regression, and support vector regression models were used to identify key predictors of traffic and sales. The study results show that the duration of the live streaming significantly increases the traffic. Audience interaction metrics (views and gift_count) are key factors in driving sales conversions. In addition, the study highlights the importance of account types (such as celebrity accounts) and product categories in engaging audiences and driving sales. By analyzing the findings based on the social presence theory, the study sheds light on how interactivity can promote audience engagement and drive purchasing behavior by satisfying the audience's psychological needs and enhancing social connections. This study provides a theoretical and practical basis for optimizing live-streaming content and interaction strategies and further expands the relevant research on live streaming in digital communication.

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA MELALUI BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS UD. JAYANTI

This research aims to analyze UD's business development strategy. Jayanti through the Business Model Canvas (BMC) approach. UD. Jayanti is a Micro and Small Industry (IMK) which operates in the field of household equipment production, experiencing problems with shortages of raw material stock for cake brush strings, direct selling promotions, and sales through agents and not through customers. The method used is qualitative with a phenomenological approach, with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation and recording. The focus of this research is on three elements of BMC, namely Customer Segment, Customer Relationship, and Key Partner. Customer Segment Analysis is to group customers based on characteristics and behavior which focuses on UD problems. Jayanti sells directly through non-customer agents. Customer Relationship is a company interaction strategy with customers to build mutually beneficial relationships which focus on UD problems. Jayanti promotes direct selling, and Key Partner Elements, namely parties who collaborate with the company who focus on UD problems. Jayanti is short of stock of raw materials for cake brush strings. UD. Jayanti also implements business development strategies, namely product strategy, price strategy, location strategy and promotion strategy. The research results show that the product strategy, namely UD. Jayanti produces various household appliances that must remain relevant by understanding consumer characteristics and preferences which can increase customer satisfaction. Pricing strategy by implementing flexible prices, for example by providing discounts for large purchases or loyalty programs for regular customers. The location strategy is UD. Jayanti needs to ensure that products are easily accessible to customers by utilizing online platforms for sales. Promotional strategies, namely collaboration with influencers or local media, can help introduce products to a wider audience.

Enhancing customer value co-creation through online brand interactivity: A comparative analysis of search-hedonic and experience-hedonic products

This study investigates how online brand interactivity fosters customer value co-creation, a collaborative process in which consumers actively contribute to co-creating value, by enhancing brand experiences at both individual and community levels. Specifically, the study compares the influence of online brand interactivity on customer value co-creation for two types of hedonic products: search-hedonic (Polygon) and experience-hedonic (Vespa) products in Indonesia. Employing a quantitative methodology, data were gathered from 836 active social media participants engaged in these brand communities through a structured online survey. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to examine the relationships between online brand interactivity, individual and community brand experiences, and customer value co-creation.The findings reveal that online brand interactivity significantly enhances both individual and community brand experiences (β = 0.523 and β = 0.599, respectively), which, in turn, drive customer value co-creation (β = 0.147 and β = 0.446). Furthermore, the results indicate that the impact of online brand interactivity is stronger for search-hedonic products compared to experience-hedonic products. This suggests that product type moderates the effect of interactivity on brand experiences and, consequently, on customer value co-creation. These insights underscore the importance of customizing brand interactivity strategies according to product characteristics to optimize customer value co-creation, particularly within the hedonic product market.

THE ROLE OF GENDER IN THE USE OF LANGUAGE IN ONLINE INTERACTIONS: KURDISH INTERLOCUTORS AS NON-NATIVE ENGLISH SPEAKERS

This study examines the influence of gender on the use of English by Kurdish as non-native English speakers in online Interlocutors. It aims at figuring out the contributive role of language to the identification of the interlocutors’ gender, determining the influence of cultural norms on shaping the online communication patterns of Kurdish interlocutors(males and females), and identifying the frequency use of the essential linguistic elements, strategies and styles that distinguishes males’ interactions from females’. This study employs a mixed method, quantitative and qualitative, in the process of data analysis. It is quantitative for administrating a Likert-Scale questionnaire to investigate the perceptions of Kurdish as non-native English speakers according to gender and its influence on the interactions conducted online. It is also qualitative for analyzing one hundred instant messages extracted from males and females’ interactions held in three Telegram public channels. The most two significant concluding points that this study has come up with are: (1) gender diversity affects all the aspects of language including word choice, strategy and style in online interactions, and (2) the frequency of using hedge devices, empty adjectives, euphemistic expressions, apologies, justifications, minimal responses, emoticons, tag-questions, rhetorical questions, intensifiers and exclamatory expressions used by females is far more compared to males. However, males use humor and sarcastic expressions far more compared to females.

A Variable Admittance Control Strategy for Stable and Compliant Human-Robot Physical Interaction

A Variable Admittance Control Strategy for Stable and Compliant Human-Robot Physical Interaction

Exploring Cognitive Strategies in Human-AI Interaction: ChatGPT's Role in Creative Tasks

Exploring Cognitive Strategies in Human-AI Interaction: ChatGPT's Role in Creative Tasks

Electrocatalytic CH4 production from CO2 by SiO2-induced amorphous CuOx

Electrocatalytic CH4 production from CO2 by SiO2-induced amorphous CuOx

Weak interaction strategy enables enhanced selectivity and reusability of arginine-functionalized imprinted aerogel for phosphate adsorption.

Efficient phosphate adsorption from eutrophic waters remains challenging, fundamentally due to inherent trade-off in common adsorbents: high-binding energy between adsorbent and phosphate compromises reusability while low-binding energy suppresses selectivity. Herein, an innovative arginine-functionalized imprinted aerogel (AFIA-1:4) was fabricated by click chemistry and imprinting modification for overcoming this trade-off through synergistic weak interactions. Results shown that AFIA-1:4 exhibited high adsorption capacity (Qmax of 40.65mg/g, 30.44% higher than phoslock), rapid kinetics (15min), and broad pH applicability (3-11) at 2mg P/L solution. Moreover, its selectivity coefficient ranged from 10 to 90 even with 15- to 125-fold excess interfering anions, surpassing common adsorbents. After 10 cycles, AFIA-1:4 still maintained 98.15% regeneration rate with 99.14% phosphate desorption. Characterizations and calculations confirmed core roles of multiple hydrogen bonds and shape screening in maintaining selectivity and reusability. These findings advanced development of next-generation of phosphate adsorbents, which contributed to sustainable prevention and management of eutrophication.

THE EFFECT OF USING ROLE-PLAY METHOD IN IMPROVING SPEAKING SKILLS OF BASIC LEVEL STUDENTS AT CENTRAL COURSE

This article examines the impact of employing the Role-Play method in improving the speaking skills of basic-level English learners in the Central English Course. Speaking a foreign language often presents challenges, particularly for beginner students who lack confidence and opportunities for practical application. Role-play, an interactive teaching strategy, fosters real-world communication by creating scenario-based learning environments, enabling students to engage in language use actively. A quantitative approach was adopted to assess the effectiveness of the Role-Play method. The research involved two groups: an experimental group participated in role-play activities and a control group followed traditional teaching methods. In this study, quantitative data were collected through pre-test and post-test assessments to measure the effectiveness of the Role-Play method in improving students' learning progress in fluency, accuracy, and confidence. This approach enabled precise statistical calculations and pattern identification, providing valuable insights into the impact of the intervention. The findings indicate that the Role-Play method significantly enhances language acquisition, with the experimental group demonstrating greater improvements in EFL students’ speaking skills than the control group. This study underscores the value of integrating interactive and practical approaches into EFL classrooms. Role-play is a useful tool to connect classroom learning with authentic communication experiences, allowing students to apply theoretical knowledge in meaningful, real-world contexts. This research provides valuable insights into innovative pedagogical methods for foreign language learning.

Predictors of reading performance of fourth-grade Turkish students

Using machine learning, this research aimed to examine the crucial factors that predict the reading performance of fourth-grade students from Türkiye who participated in PIRLS 2021. When trained with the data of 3589 fourth-grade students and their 405 independent variables, the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm properly distinguished between high- and low-performing students based on 16 key contextual factors at the school, teacher, and family levels. The main factors were at the school level and were related to placing a major emphasis on instruction and the ability of students to borrow books. The teacher-level factors were the assessment strategy, helping students develop reading comprehension skills or strategies, and motivation. The only family-level factor was the parental commitment to ensure that students are ready to learn. Compared to the results of the whole PIRLS 2021 data, the findings of this research revealed a big difference in the key factors predicting the reading performance of fourth graders from Türkiye. Possible reasons were discussed, and new educational policies, interventions, and research practices were suggested. At the policy level, an approach that systemically addresses school, teacher, and family factors may yield more meaningful improvements in reading performance. In terms of interventions, the findings suggest a focus on interactive teaching and assessment strategies that involve students actively interacting with text. As for research practices, this study highlighted the potential of machine learning as a valuable tool to understand the complex, multi-dimensional nature of student performance.

Consumer perceptions of AI chatbots on Twitter (X) and Reddit: an analysis of social media sentiment and interactive marketing strategies

PurposeThis study investigated consumer perceptions of AI chatbots focusing on sentiment analysis across Twitter (X) and Reddit during ChatGPT3 through ChatGPT4 launches. It identifies user sentiments: positive, negative, or neutral and explores their impact on chatbot deployment in interactive marketing. The goal was to understand consumer engagement dynamics and provide insights for enhancing marketing strategies and consumer interactions with chatbots.Design/methodology/approachUsing sentiment analysis, this research examined the nature and scope of discussions surrounding AI chatbots. This methodological approach allowed for a nuanced understanding of the predominant sentiments: positive, negative, or neutral, expressed by users providing insights into consumer engagement and interaction patterns.FindingsThe findings reveal a diverse range of consumer sentiments toward ChatGPT 3, reflecting varying degrees of acceptance and skepticism. These varied sentiments are crucial for organizations in shaping their interactive marketing strategies, particularly in how they deploy chatbots for consumer engagement and brand interaction.Practical implicationsTrust and positive sentiment toward ChatGPT, particularly on platforms like Twitter and Reddit, suggest it is becoming part of everyday life. However, concerns about its impact on human jobs and the lack of emotional intelligence persist. Users still weigh the benefits and drawbacks of ChatGPT, with negative and neutral sentiments reflecting these worries. For interactive marketers, this presents an opportunity to differentiate through human interaction in customer-facing roles. Addressing the risks and ethical concerns of AI, marketers can better engage consumers and refine strategies for future chatbot deployments, ensuring AI enhances rather than detracts from the customer experience.Originality/valueThis paper makes a unique contribution to the existing literature by demonstrating how consumer perceptions, rather than mere acceptance, directly influence the strategic use of AI chatbots in interactive marketing. By focusing on perceptions, this study offers deeper insights from social media sentiment analysis that can refine marketing campaigns and enhance consumer engagement with emerging technologies in the digital landscape.

Application and Optimization Strategies for Teacher-Student Interaction in Language Teaching through Interactive Mobile Technology

With the rapid development of information technology, the application of interactive mobile technology in the field of education has become increasingly widespread. In particular, optimizing the teacher-student interaction has become a key factor in enhancing teaching effectiveness in language education. Under traditional language teaching models, teacher-student interaction tends to be unidirectional, making it difficult to fully stimulate students’ interest and engagement. The introduction of interactive mobile technology has made the teaching process more flexible and diverse, providing new forms and approaches for teacher-student interaction. However, how to scientifically assess and effectively optimize teacher-student interaction remains a critical issue in current educational research. Existing studies mainly focus on technological applications and lack an in-depth exploration of the essence of interaction, particularly in terms of the quantitative analysis of interaction intensity and evolution. This study aims to explore the application and optimization strategies of interactive mobile technology in teacher-student interactive language teaching. The study includes four main components: first, analyzing the evolution of teacher-student interaction in language teaching; second, calculating the intensity of teacher-student interaction based on information entropy; third, constructing and calculating a model for the evolution of interaction intensity; and fourth, proposing language teaching optimization strategies based on the evolution of teacher-student interaction intensity. This study, through theoretical modeling and empirical analysis, seeks to provide scientific evidence and practical guidance for improving the quality of teacher-student interaction and optimizing language teaching.

Analisis Kesulitan Siswa dalam Mempelajari Bahasa Arab di Kelas VII-6 MTs Budi Agung

MTs Budi Agung students find it difficult to learn Arabic, even though learning Arabic is very important. This study aims to identify the difficulties of grade VII students of MTs Budi Agung in learning Arabic and the factors that influence it. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with observation and interview data collection techniques. This study involved around 30 grade VII-6 students and Arabic teachers as subjects. Data collection techniques were carried out through participant and non-participant observation and structured and unstructured interviews. Data were analyzed using a descriptive qualitative analysis method with theme analysis techniques. The results showed that students had difficulty in understanding sentence structure, vocabulary, and pronunciation due to lack of learning motivation, parental support, and teacher ability and development of Arabic learning strategies. These factors have an impact on low academic achievement and student learning motivation, so that students have difficulty learning. The results of the study suggest that it is necessary to improve teacher skills, develop interactive learning strategies, improve communication between teachers-students-parents, and provide varied learning resources. This study contributes to the development of Arabic language education in Indonesia and can be used as a reference for teachers and schools to improve the quality of Arabic language learning.

Research on Interactive Teaching of College English Based on Deep Learning and Virtual Reality

As digital technologies advance, the need for interactive teaching methodologies in higher education has become crucial, particularly in the context of English language learning. This study explores innovative approaches utilizing deep learning and virtual reality to enhance student engagement and learning outcomes in college environments. The primary aim is to investigate the effectiveness of an Intelligent Coral Reef Optimization-driven Redefined Long Short-Term Memory (ICR-RLSTM) model, designed to facilitate a more dynamic and personalized learning experience in college English courses. The dataset comprises diverse English language materials, including texts, audio and interactive exercises, sourced from various educational platforms. Data pre-processing involves standardization techniques and the application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) algorithms to ensure the information is clean and structured for optimal analysis. The proposed interactive teaching model integrates gamification elements and virtual environments to provide students with immersive learning experiences. The ICR-RLSTM algorithm enhances predictive capabilities by optimizing long-term memory retention through intelligent coral reef optimization techniques, adapting to individual learner progress. Preliminary results indicate that the proposed model significantly improves student engagement and knowledge retention compared to traditional methods. The findings suggest that integrating deep learning and virtual reality into English language teaching can create adaptive and effective learning environments. This research contributes valuable insights into enhancing interactive teaching strategies and informs future educational practices.

Negotiating the maze of menopause misinformation: A comparative analysis of stance in health influencer versus medical professional discourse

ABSTRACT This study investigates how health influencers (HIs) and medical professionals (MPs) use epistemic stance to shape menopause treatment discourse on YouTube, a popular platform for digital health communication. Using a corpus-assisted approach, it analyzes mental and communication verbs controlling (that-)complement clauses across the two speaker groups. The quantitative results show that both HIs and MPs frequently express certainty, with HIs favoring speculative mental verbs (e.g. think, believe) and MPs predominantly relying on reporting verbs (e.g. state, explain). Further qualitative analysis reveals divergent stance-taking strategies: HIs combine subjective viewpoints with information to build emotional connections and solidarity, while MPs adopt an authoritative stance, channeling external evidence to establish credibility. The findings expound the dangers of health disinformation, as HIs tend to base claims on personal beliefs rather than scientific facts, potentially misleading viewers. To address this, MPs should prioritize clear, evidence-based communication and develop interactive strategies to engage online audiences effectively. The study foregrounds the tension between building trust and audience engagement, calling for improved digital literacy to critically assess online health content and the persuasive discursive strategies employed by influencers. Its insights contribute to understanding epistemic stance in digital health communication and offer some recommendations for mitigating misinformation.

Interactive Teaching Strategies for Online English Speaking Classes: Engaging Primary Students

This study investigated how teachers implemented interactive teaching strategies to increase the engagement of 15 elementary school students aged 7-10 years in an online English-speaking class. Using a qualitative case study approach, data was collected through observing one online class session conducted using Zoom Meetings. Thematic analysis identified various strategies, such as the use of multimedia (movies), interactive platforms (Quizizz), and structured participation methods (e.g., gender-based turn-taking). Repetition techniques were also found to be a tool to reinforce learning. The results of this study show that interactive strategies are able to improve students' engagement and speaking skills in an online environment. This research provides practical recommendations for educators in creating engaging and effective learning experiences in the online classroom.

The Use of Youtube Podcast to Improve Student Speaking Skills

This study aims to improve students' speaking skills by using YouTube podcasts and students' perceptions of the use of YouTube podcasts in speaking skills. In conducting this research, the author used a case study to collect data from the participants. The participants were an English teacher and twenty eleventh-grade students at a boarding school in Tasikmalaya. There were two instruments used by the author in conducting this research, namely observation and interviews. The results of this study showed a positive perception through the strategies used by the teacher and helped the students in increasing their confidence in practicing speaking. Based on the research findings, it is suggested that teachers can use YouTube podcasts to improve speaking skills for senior high school students. Moreover, this strategy not only improves students' speaking skills but also students' knowledge and imagination through YouTube podcasts and interaction strategies in the classroom. In addition, this study also suggests that English teachers use YouTube podcasts as a strategy to improve students' speaking skills. In addition, the students felt that learning by using YouTube podcasts can help them to improve their speaking skills. In addition, it makes them more motivated and enjoy learning in class. For future researchers, this study provides a wide opportunity to make more perfect research in the same field with different interests.

Ambient‐Printed Methylammonium‐Free Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Multiple Molecular Interactions

AbstractThe ambient printing of high‐performance and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is crucial for enabling low‐cost and energy‐efficient industrial fabrication. However, producing high‐quality perovskite films via ambient printing remains challenging due to direct exposure to air, which easily induces additional stacking defects and triggers perovskite degradation compared to films fabricated by traditional spin‐coating under inert conditions. Here, a multiple molecular interaction strategy is introduced to address this challenge by incorporating a 2‐thiazole formamidine hydrochloride (TC) additive, effectively suppressing defect formation during ambient printing. The specific interactions between TC and precursor components, i.e., multiple hydrogen bonds and coordination interactions, could promote the crystallization of α‐phase perovskites and reduce cation and anion vacancies simultaneously when drying in air. These endows high‐quality ambient‐printed perovskite films with large crystalline grains with eliminated nanovoids and low trap‐densities, which improve charge carrier dynamics and prevent perovskite decomposition and hydration under thermal/humidity stress during long‐term annealing/ambient storage. The unencapsulated PSCs show a high efficiency of 23.72% with good stability, i.e., realizing 92% and 95% efficiency retention after 672 h of annealing at 85 °C in a N2 atmosphere and after 2088 h of storage in ambient air.

Advancing Explainable Autonomous Vehicle Systems: A Comprehensive Review and Research Roadmap

Given the uncertainty surrounding how existing explainability methods for autonomous vehicles (AVs) meet the diverse needs of stakeholders, a thorough investigation is imperative to determine the contexts requiring explanations and suitable interaction strategies. A comprehensive review becomes crucial to assess the alignment of current approaches with varied interests and expectations within the AV ecosystem. This study presents a review to discuss the complexities associated with explanation generation and presentation to facilitate the development of more effective and inclusive explainable AV systems. Our investigation led to categorising existing literature into three primary topics: explanatory tasks, explanatory information, and explanatory information communication. Drawing upon our insights, we have proposed a comprehensive roadmap for future research centred on (i) knowing the interlocutor, (ii) generating timely explanations, (ii) communicating human-friendly explanations, and (iv) continuous learning. Our roadmap is underpinned by principles of responsible research and innovation, emphasising the significance of diverse explanation requirements. To effectively tackle the challenges associated with implementing explainable AV systems, we have delineated various research directions, including the development of privacy-preserving data integration, ethical frameworks, real-time analytics, human-centric interaction design, and enhanced cross-disciplinary collaborations. By exploring these research directions, the study aims to guide the development and deployment of explainable AVs, informed by a holistic understanding of user needs, technological advancements, regulatory compliance, and ethical considerations, thereby ensuring safer and more trustworthy autonomous driving experiences.

Some methodological aspects of Ukraine’s foreign criminal and legal policy

The article examines the key methodological aspects of Ukraine’s foreign criminal and legal policy. In modern conditions of globalization, crime is increasingly becoming transnational in nature, which requires effective interaction of the state with international institutions. The author analyzes the role of scientific methods, such as dialectical, comparative law, historical, formal-legal, statistical and sociological, in the study of this issue. Foreign criminal and legal policy is considered as a multifaceted system that combines legal, political and international aspects to combat crime. The importance of harmonizing national legislation with international standards is emphasized, as well as the need for a critical review of traditional methodological approaches to ensure effective integration into the international legal space. The importance of methodology for the study of legal phenomena, its influence on the formation and implementation of foreign criminal and legal policy as a component of the general legal policy of the state is revealed. The author emphasizes the need to revise traditional research methods, which are based mainly on a formal-legal approach that does not take into account dynamic changes in the global legal environment. It is noted that improving the methodological tools will contribute to the harmonization of the national legal system with international standards, strengthening the international authority of Ukraine, as well as increasing the effectiveness of the fight against crime. The results of the study are aimed at improving the mechanisms of international cooperation of Ukraine, adapting the legal system to modern challenges and ensuring the sustainable development of the rule of law. Thus, the study of methodological aspects of Ukraine’s foreign criminal law policy not only deepens the scientific understanding of this area, but also forms the foundation for creating an effective strategy for international interaction adapted to the modern challenges of globalization. Particular attention is paid to the importance of implementing independent methodological reflection as a means of adapting national legal policy to international standards. Emphasis is placed on the importance of integrating criminal law norms of Ukraine into the international legal space. The author emphasizes that deepening methodological knowledge and developing new approaches will ensure the effective coexistence of national and international legal systems, contributing to their harmonization.