Strategic Technology Development Research Articles

In-Situ Desalination-Coupled Electrolysis with a Membrane Stack System Producing Value-Added Chemicals

An efficient multi-functional electrolyzer with an electrodeposited Ni- and Fe-layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) anode and an electrodeposited NiMo cathode is designed for overall water splitting coupled with the desalination of saline water and production of acid and base solution. NiFe-LDH is characterized by abundant active sites for OH adsorption and an optimal binding energy for M-OH. Meanwhile, loading bimetallic NiMo on an active electrode for the HER has been known to improve the electrocatalytic activity and durability owing to its high surface area. The NiFe-LDH and NiMo pairs separated by a bipolar membrane (BPM) show overpotentials as low as those of noble metal catalysts for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in 1 M KOH and 1 M H2SO4 solutions, respectively. Thereafter, the electrode pair with an array of anion- and cation-exchange membranes (AEMs and CEMs) in alternatively stacking manner showed the desalination of brackish water and seawater at specific energy consumption of 1.8 kW h m−3, with concurrent production of HCl and NaOH. The Faradaic efficiencies of the device for O2 and H2 production are >95% at J = 100 mA cm−2 over 20 h, while the initial pH values of the anolyte and catholyte remain unchanged. The proposed multi-functional electrolyzer is highly promising for converting electrical energy into hydrogen energy, simultaneously desalinating saline water, and producing value-added chemicals. Subsequently, we compared electrodialytic performance over unit cell thickness, types of ion exchange membranes, and number of stacks in the device.This work is financially supported by Korea Water Cluster (KWC) as Korea Water Cluster ProjectLab. This work was supported by the Technology Innovation Program (or Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program-Alchemist Project) (NTIS-1415187362, 20025773, Development of building-Integrated Carbon Control Technologies) funded By the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy(MOTIE, Korea).

Dependency of Skyrmion Size in PMA Structure on Material of Interface Reducing Layer to Generate Skyrmion

Recently, magnetic skyrmions have been emerged as one of the promising candidates to use information carriers in high density and low power spintronic devices, which potentially be use in memory, logic, and neuromorphic computing due to their nanometer scale small size, non-volatile, and complete linearity [1-2]. Previous studies reported the observation of skyrmion sizes below 100 nm at room temperature [3-4]. However, so far, researches on the size of generated skyrmions depending on the different materials of interface reducing layer have not been discussed.In this study, therefore, we investigated the dependency of generated skyrmion size in perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) structures on the material of interface reducing layer (tungsten (W), platinum (Pt), and titanium (Ti)) to generate skyrmion. In addition, We designed a novel PMA structure having an interface reducing layer inserted in between CoFeB free layer and MgO tunnel barrier to generate skyrmions. In particular, the dependencies of the PMA characteristics, including coercivity (Hc), perpendicular anisotropy (Hk), and saturation magnetization (Ms) on the materials (W, Pt, and Ti) and thickness of interface reducing layer were investigated by using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE). Our proposed PMA structures exhibited that Hc was reduced to ~ 5 Oe at the specific thickness of interface reducing layer (W: 0.0804 nm, Pt: 0.1670 nm, Ti: 0.3602 nm), indicating that the skyrmions generated. In addition, it was confirmed that the material of the interface reducing layer strongly influences the size of skyrmions generated in a PMA structure, i.e., 0.0804-nm-thick tungsten generated the skyrmion diameter of 1.23 μm, 0.1670-nm-thick platinum generated the skyrmion diameter of 0.78 μm, and 0.3602-nm-thick titanium generated the skyrmion diameter of 0.84 μm, respectively. We present in detail how Hc, Hk, Ms, and generated skyrmion size were affected by the material of interface reducing layer. Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Technology Innovation Program (or Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program-Public-private joint investment semiconductor R&D program(K-CHIPS) to foster high-quality human resources) ("RS-2023-00235634", Development of high speed/low power/high reliability 2-terminal field-free SOT-MRAM) funded By the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea)( 1415187787) References [1] Nagaosa N. and Tokura Y., Nat. Nanotechnol. 8, 899-911 (2013).[2] C Back, V Cros et al., J. phys. D. Appl. phys. 53, 363001 (2020).[3] Aranda A.R. et al. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 465, 471-479 (2018).[4] Mouad F. et al. Physics Letters A, 384(13), 126260 (2020). Figure 1

BiVO4-Based Chloride Oxidation for Hypochlorous Acid (HOCl) Production, and Analysis of the Causes of Saturation Phenomenon

Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is commonly used in antibacterial and disinfection treatments due to its strong oxidizing properties in aqueous solutions. Chlor-alkali process, an electrolysis method based on sodium chloride (NaCl), is the primary method for producing HOCl in industry. However, this process incurs significant energy costs, approximately 150 TWh annually, and presents dangers of environmental pollution. To address these issues and achieve environmental and economic benefits, reducing energy consumption in HOCl production using renewable energy sources such as solar power is proposed as a viable solution. Various metal oxides like TiO2, WO3, and BiVO4 have been utilized in photocatalytic systems. Among these, BiVO4 photocathodes, with a bandgap energy of around 2.4 eV, efficiently absorb a significant portion of visible light spectrum, enabling effective oxygen generation from water. However, the low value of generated oxygen (O2) prompts the development of novel photocatalytic systems from a product value perspective. Chloride oxidation reactions, instead of water oxidation, present another promising avenue in photocatalytic systems.In this study, we easily fabricate BiVO4 electrodes via spin-coating method. We investigate the synthesis of high-value chemicals by using the oxidation of Cl- to hypochlorous acid at the anode in electrolytes containing Cl-, such as sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. Furthermore, saturation phenomena were observed during the oxidation of sodium chloride to hypochlorous acid; when the oxidation reaction persisted for over an hour, the production of hypochlorous acid reached saturation, indicating no further increase. We aim to identify and analyze the fundamental causes of this phenomenon to understand the limiting factors in this process.AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by the Technology Innovation Program (or Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program-Alchemist Project) (NTIS-1415187362, 20025773, Development of building-Integrated Carbon Control Technologies) funded By the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy(MOTIE, Korea)This work is financially supported by Korea Water Cluster (KWC) as Korea Water Cluster ProjectLab

How to optimize government R&D budget allocation? A review of recent studies and research gaps

Purpose Research and Development (R&D) activities are important for technological innovation and present opportunities for entrepreneurship. These activities depend on the flow of funding. This paper aims to review approaches used in R&D project selection and budget allocation. Design/methodology/approach This study conducts a systematic review, examining the content of 60 relevant papers (spanning 2000–2022) concerning public R&D budget allocation. The analysis focuses on allocation methodology, R&D output evaluation, budget allocation efficiency and the management of uncertainty in the allocation process. Findings The systematic review reveals different methods proposed for allocating government R&D budgets. These methods range from classical optimization, multi-criteria analysis and hierarchical analysis to techniques such as balanced scorecard, data envelopment analysis and analytic hierarchy process, including fuzzy approaches. Recent trends indicate an increase in the use of advanced optimization, integration and simulation algorithms. Performance indicators for reflecting R&D project outputs or goals can be categorized into four main groups: output (e.g. publications, patents, graduates), outcome, productivity (e.g. citations, patent references, articles and patents per capita) and sector-specific metrics. Practical implications Future research directions in government R&D budget allocation may include optimizing allocation to maximize social, economic and political benefits, developing ranking models, decision-making frameworks, simulations and evaluations of factors influencing allocation type and strategy. Additionally, there is a growing interest in novel budget allocation algorithms leveraging artificial intelligence and self-adjusting meta-heuristic algorithms. Originality/value The systematic review showed that some important research gaps in (government) R&D budget allocation could be considered in future studies; for example, long-term social, economic and political benefits in budget allocation optimization models, comprehensiveness of allocating government R&D budgets to universities, higher education and research institutes, R&D budget allocation to strategic technology development, e.g. renewable energy sector, supply chain issues and renewable energy value chain; new budget allocation algorithms based on artificial intelligence and self-adjusting meta-heuristic algorithms; methods for optimizing the structures of government budget allocation to R&D, considering executive and regulatory conflicts.

Scientific and Technological Development Strategy as a New Paradigm of Socioeconomic Modernization of Russia in the Context of Global Challenges

The article analyzes the provisions of the new Scientific and Technological Development Strategy of the Russian Federation. Attention is drawn to the reasons for changing the course of the state science and technology policy. It outlines the essence of the goals, priorities and prospects of scientific and technological development of Russia and gives an assessment of the key directions of state policy in the field of scientific and technological development, as well as mechanisms and tools for their implementation. Using analytical and formal legal methods, we consider the practice of regulating the issues related to organizing the directions of strategic scientific and technological development in Russia and reveal the systemic connections in law as well features of legal acts in the sphere of Russian public relations. The author believes that thoughtful and balanced government decisions in the development of an innovative economy might play a positive role in ensuring the national security of Russia and stabilizing the sociopolitical system of the country. In turn, the dominant ideas outlined in the Strategy are a part of the mechanism for countering existential threats towards contemporary Russia and ensure its national sovereignty in the long term.

Multi-Level Synaptic Device Having Perpendicular Magnetic-Tunnel-Junction Spin-Valve Sensor Via Skyrmion Generated By Nano-Scale Current Emitter

Recently, with the expansion of deep learning-based artificial intelligence into various fields, high integration density and recognition accuracy are essentially necessary for neuromorphic devices. In particular, skyrmion-based artificial synaptic devices have been actively researched due to complete linearity, topological stability, and small nanoscale size. This device can emulate the synaptic plasticity (i.e., long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD)) depending on the number of generated skyrmions. Magnetic skyrmions have been characterized by various methods such as perpendicular magnetic-tunnel-junction (p-MTJ) spin-valve structure, Hall bar measurements [3], and non-collinear magnetoresistance [4]: However, in the previous study using a p-MTJ spin-valve, they only measured the resistance of a single skyrmion and did not demonstrate synaptic behavior (i.e., multi-level characteristics) [5]. In addition, they essentially require an additional external magnetic field to generate skyrmions. Moreover, the reported device has low resistance margins, indicating it is extremely difficult to sense in bit-lines.In this study, for the first time, we introduced a novel multi-level synaptic device having a p-MTJ spin-valve sensor via skyrmion generated by a nano-scale current emitter. To generate skyrmion, we employed nano-scale oxygen vacancy filaments as a current emitter on the p-MTJ spin-valve sensor, and interface reducing W layer between the free layer and MgO layer, as shown in Fig.1(a). In addition, we performed a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis to measure the PMA characteristics (i.e., squareness, saturation magnetization) of the SyAF layer and the free layer, as shown in Fig.1(b). Moreover, the generation of skyrmions depending on the thickness of the interface reducing W layer was investigated using VSM and magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) analyses, as shown in Fig.1(c-f). Furthermore, MOKE analysis was conducted to analyze the mechanism of skyrmion generation in the synaptic device having the p-MTJ spin-valve sensor patterned by 5μm diameter, as shown in Fig. 1(g). Finally, we have directly observed the generation of skyrmions using a nano-scale current emitter and demonstrated synaptic plasticity via the skyrmion-based synaptic device having the p-MTJ spin-valve sensor into a 300 nm diameter cell. In our presentation, we will review in detail the synaptic behavior and generation mechanism of the skyrmions. Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Technology Innovation Program (or Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program-Public-private joint investment semiconductor R&D program(K-CHIPS) to foster high-quality human resources) ("RS-2023-00235634", Development of high speed/low power/high reliability 2-terminal field-free SOT-MRAM) funded By the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy(MOTIE, Korea)(1415187787) and Institute of Information & communications Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP) under the artificial intelligence semiconductor support program to nurture the best talents (IITP-(2023)-RS-2023-00253914) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT).

Bibliometric Analysis of Mobile Payment Technology Innovation in Financial Transaction Transformation

Mobile payment technology has become increasingly prevalent, reshaping the landscape of financial transactions globally. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore the trends, patterns, and dynamics surrounding mobile payment technology innovation. Through systematic data collection and analysis, key themes, influential authors, pivotal publications, and emerging topics in the field are identified and examined. The analysis reveals the transformative impact of mobile payment technology on financial systems, consumer behavior, and business models. Moreover, it underscores the significance of understanding the underlying factors influencing innovation in this domain. The findings provide valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, industry practitioners, and consumers, informing strategic decision-making and technological development efforts in the financial and technology sectors.

Summary of the 2022 Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China.

Recent decades have seen the remarkable development of China in medical accessibility and quality index, and the application of a number of new advanced cardiovascular technologies benefits more patients. However, according to the Annual Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China published in this article, which was organized and summarized by National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, there is still a huge population living with risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and the morbidity and mortality of CVD are increasing. It is estimated that there are around 330 million patients suffering from CVD currently, including 245 million of hypertension, 13 million of stroke, 45.3 million of peripheral artery disease, 11.39 million of coronary heart disease (CHD), 8.9 million of heart failure, 5 million of pulmonary heart disease, 4.87 million of atrial fibrillation, 2.5 million of rheumatic heart disease, and 2 million of congenital heart disease. Tobacco use, diet and nutrition factors, physical activity, overweight and obesity, and psychological factors are what affect cardiovascular health, while hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome, and air pollution are the risk factors for CVD. In this article, in addition to risk factors for CVD, we also report the epidemiological trends of CVD, including CHD, cerebrovascular disease, arrhythmias, valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, pulmonary vascular disease and venous thromboembolism, and aortic and peripheral artery diseases, as well as the basic research and medical device development in CVD. In a word, China has entered a new stage of transforming from high-speed development focusing on scale growth to high-quality development emphasizing on strategic and key technological development to curb the trend of increasing incidence and mortality of CVD.

국방 우주 분야의 무기체계 개발동향 및 국방전략기술 발전방향

국방 우주 분야의 무기체계 개발동향 및 국방전략기술 발전방향

Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China 2022: an Updated Summary

In the past 30 years, the accessibility and quality index of medical care have made remarkable progress in China, ranking the first among middle-income countries. Many cardiovascular technologies are at or near the world’s leading level, and significant progress has been achieved in China solving the problem of “treatment difficulty” of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, due to the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles among Chinese residents, a huge population with CVD risk factors, accelerated population aging, and other reasons, the incidence and mortality rate of CVD are still increasing, and the turning point of the decline in disease burden has not appeared yet in China. In terms of proportions of disease mortality among urban and rural residents, CVD still ranks the first. In 2020, CVD accounted for 48.00% and 45.86% of the causes of death in rural and urban areas, respectively; two out of every five deaths were due to CVD. It is estimated that the number of current CVD patients in China is around 330 million, including 13 million stroke, 11.39 million coronary heart disease, 8.9 million heart failure, 5 million pulmonary heart disease, 4.87 million atrial fibrillation, 2.5 million rheumatic heart disease, 2 million congenital heart disease, 45.3 million peripheral artery disease, and 245 million hypertension cases. China has entered a new stage of transformation from high-speed development to high-quality development, and the prevention and control of CVD in China should also shift from previous emphasis on scale growth to strategies focusing more on strategic and key technological development in order to curb the trend of increasing incidence and mortality rates of CVD.

Perspectives to Strengthening Competencies of Judges in The Supreme Court of The Republic of Indonesia

Judges as court apparatus, play a pivotal role in improving organizational performance and enhancing public trust. They are the sole actor who determines the quality of court decisions. However, the cases in the four courts, namely general, religious, state administrative and military courts seemed to outnumber the judges; hence retaining highly skilled judges to rule and write decisions within the time frame is paramount. Using a stakeholder theory approach, this article explores the competency-based development model for judges carried out by the technical training centre of the Indonesian Supreme Court. The research method was descriptive qualitative, purposive sampling for in-depth interviews. The result revealed that each stakeholder, namely technical training managers, supporting lecturers or trainers, working unit, and the public, showed different perspectives on judges' competencies, knowledge, skills, and attitude due to different interests. Stakeholders' views highlighted several points: analytical thinking skill improvement, knowledge application, character building, adaptive skills development and reassignment. This study, therefore, provides a new model of judges' competencies development that emphasizes a throughout human resources management activity application, starting from carrying out apparatus management strategy as a response to bureaucracy reform, strategic environmental changes, and science and information technology development; applying human resources development strategy with stakeholder participation approach through training and development centre; and creating apparatus reassignment strategy. These three strategies lead to an agile civil apparatus to achieve good governance.

Istraživačke kompetencije istraživača na početku karijere

Development of human resources and empowerment of young scientists is one of the basic measures for achieving Serbia's current strategic scientific and technological development goals. The aim of our research was to determine which scientific production quality determinants (assumptions) of early-career researchers can strengthen their scientific research capacities and thus increase their scientific research quality. The research was performed using a descriptive method. An e-questionnaire for early-career researchers was prepared (N = 423). The results confirm that early-career researchers assess their scientific research competence differently depending on the scientific field in which they work, or have done their PhD. There are obvious differences in their assessments depending on the length of their work experience. Such results indicate that institutions and individuals need to intensify professional support for early-career researchers.

Impact of Track and Trace (T&T) in Industrial Revolution 4.0 of the Pharmaceutical Industry (Pharma 4.0)

Industrial revolution 4.0 is a challenge and opportunity for most industries, including the pharmaceutical industry, called Pharma 4.0. In order to bring adequate, agile, and adaptable pharmaceutical manufacturers that produce high-quality drugs with compliance consideration during the era, this sector focuses on strategic area technology development. Hence, pharmaceutical companies concern on ensuring pharmaceutical products’ traceability through managing Supply Chain Management (SCM) functions, such as Track and Trace (T&T). In the pharmaceutical industry, traceability systems’ are various, such as (1) management of inventory control and material; (2) monitoring of distribution and sales; and (3) prevention of counterfeit, deviation, and theft. T&T functionality needs particular embedded software and hardware in the IT architecture during implementation. To sum up, T&T, as one of the SCM systems, is an integrated system to ensure unique serial number management during the packaging process. It allows pharmaceutical companies to track and trace products information accurately and efficiently. The companies, therefore, would be able to take a fast and correct decision about inventory control; return and recall; and prevent illegal action regarding pharmaceutical products’ distribution. It is proven to guarantee security and people’s quality of life and increase private companies’ competitive advantages.

Drones and Dendro: a strategic technological development link for forest monitoring

Forests are a matter of national interest and represent a strategic resource for society. However, forests face challenges that deserveto be addressed with state-of-the-art technologies. Climate change, in particular, has led to changes in the structure andbiogeography of forest stands. Based on a literature review, the lessons learned by the DendroRed research group(https://dendrored.ujed.mx/) over the last five years are highlighted here. First, it is proved that growth rings are reliable sources ofecological processes faced by trees. Their temporal dissection has refined the understanding of climate responses, as well as theirpotential to reconstruct carbon stocks at tree level. The integration of these natural records with remote sensing techniques haselucidated the seasonal modification of climate. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) monitoring offers a spatial and spectralperspective usually ignored, but with great potential in forest monitoring. We document the benefits in estimating aerial attributesof the canopy, as well as indices on foliar dynamics and mention areas of opportunity. All this knowledge can be integrated into atechnological package for monitoring forest resources and has impacts on forest productivity. However, it deserves additionalefforts to influence forest management policies.

RELAP5 Modeling of a Siphon Break Effect on the Brazilian Multipurpose Reactor

This work presents the thermal-hydraulic simulation of the Brazilian Multipurpose Reactor (RMB) using the RELAP5/Mod3 code. The RMB will provide Brazil with a fundamental infrastructure for the national development on activities of the nuclear sector in the areas of social, strategic, industrial applications and scientific and technological development. A RELAP5/Mod3 code model was developed for thermal-hydraulic simulation of the RMB to analyze the phenomenology of the Siphon Breakers device (four flap valves in the cold leg and one open tube for the atmosphere in the hot leg) during a Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA) at different points in the primary circuit. The Siphon Breaker device is an important passive safety system for research reactors in order to guarantee the water level in the core under accidental conditions. Different simulations were carried out at different location in the Core Cooling System (CCS) of the RMB, for example: LOCA before the CCS pumps with and without pump trip and LOCA after the CCS pumps and the heat exchanger. In all RELAP5/Mod3 code simulations, the Siphon Breaker device's performance after a LOCA was effective to allow enough air to enter the outlet pipe of the CCS in order to break the siphon effect and preventing the pool level from reaching the riser (chimney) and the RMB core discovering. In all cases, the reactor pool level stabilized at about 5.5 m after the end of the LOCA simulation and the fuel elements were kept underwater and cooled.

Анализ реализации стратегических документов в области научно-технологического развития России

The present research featured scientific and technical policy papers in Russia. The research objective was to study the normative legal acts that determine the strategic scientific and technological development of the country. The paper contains an analysis of the goals stated in these documents and defines the efficiency of the target indicators. The study was based on systematization methods, content analysis, and comparative analysis of the main strategic legal acts that form Russian scientific and technical policy. These documents are divided into two groups. The first one contains the goals and objectives of scientific and technological development, but no quantitative values of targets, or indicators, of scientific and technological development. The second group specifies these indicators. The study revealed that not all the goals outlined in the policy papers have been met, and there are targets for scientific and technological development that have not been achieved yet. Moreover, some of the measures provided in the policy papers were implemented with a noticeable delay or were not implemented at all. For instance, the list of end-to-end technologies still remains unapproved. All these issues hindered the development of Russian competitive high-tech sector of goods and services: the country failed to develop mechanisms that could stimulate its transition to innovative development of real sector enterprises and to improve the resource base for scientific and technological complex.

Smart Specialization of Innovative Development of Functional Territories: Strategic Experience and Potential of Ukraine

The article examines the strategic experience of introducing smart specialization in Ukraine using the methods of strategic analysis, financial analysis, generalization, statistics, critical thinking. It has been proved that the state priorities of Ukraine's strategic development have changed. The concept of providing state aid to industries that cannot withstand competition has been changed to the concept of identifying specialized functional areas based on the principles of reasonableness, sustainability and inclusiveness of development, the ability to integrate into value chains of world markets. The above more locally meets the requirements of the competitive environment, minimizes the risks of scattered financing, increases the level of effectiveness of strategic planning, innovative and technological development of the state as a whole. The inconsistency of the state and regional strategic support for the introduction of reasonable specialization was established against the background of determining the effectiveness of the use of such forms of cooperation as the cluster model and cross-functional interaction. The need for standardization and greater regulation of the smart specialization procedure at both the conceptual, methodological and practical levels is determined. Ukrainian smart specialization is constrained by the insufficient potential for the implementation of regional development strategies, the urgent need to adapt the method of assessing smart specialization in the format of entrepreneurial discovery to the Ukrainian realities of types of economic activity, insufficient funding of potential functional territories, low initiative, diversification and self-organization. The delay in the implementation of reasonable specialization of activities in Ukraine is explained by the need for additional time to reconfigure the socio-economic system at all levels and to understand the territorial needs, the prospects of choosing from existing opportunities and its consequences.

Dementia Response Technology Development Strategy through PEST-SWOT Analysis

The number of dementia patients in Korea is expected to increase to 3.30 million in 2050, and the cost of dementia management will increase sharply to KRW 106.5 trillion of GDP. In August 2017, the Moon Jae-in government announced the 'Dementia National Responsibility System' through a five-year plan for government operation and expanded the Dementia Peace Center nationwide. However, for this, strategic dementia-related technology development strategies should be established and given the role of government and the role of the private sector. Therefore, in order to derive the corresponding strategy, this study developed the government's 'dementia' response technology development strategy through the situation analysis from the political, economic, social, and technological perspective and the environmental (PEST) analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT). As a result, the direction of technology development in the dementia-related medical device market is expected to become a trend of developing dementia self-measurement by developing low-cost and high-efficiency diagnostic technology products. It has been shown that the development of various products for consumers should begin. As a result, the dementia market approach strategy should be premised, the related technical support and legal restrictions should be minimized, and the education of related experts should be strengthened to solve the government's development of dementia technology and the social problems of dementia. In addition, by developing joint projects with major companies around the world and actively participating in the technology platform, it is important to naturally build up skills accumulation for the development of dementia technology and competence skills of dementia technology experts in the long term.

An original framework for strategic technology development of small manufacturing enterprises in emerging economies

PurposeTechnology and knowledge have become the buzzwords of the new millennium. Technological changes and demanding customers are creating a more knowledge intensive, turbulent, complex and uncertain environment. Organizations, which are able to continually build faster and cheaper new strategic assets than their competitors, create long-term competitive advantages. Thus, the growth of companies is directly associated with innovativeness and technological development, especially for small organizations that are more vulnerable to dynamic changes in market place. Organizations need a strategic framework that can help them to achieve the goal of technology development and competitiveness. The purpose of this paper is to develop such strategic framework for small organizations for their technology development and, hence, survival in marketplace.Design/methodology/approachOptions field methodology, options profile methodology, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy set theory are utilized to generate various options and profiles to propose a conceptual framework for technology development.FindingsThe results from the study showed that “mixed approach,” “strategic simulation approach” and the “regulatory environment approach,” in this order, emerged as the top three important options for the strategic technological development of small manufacturing enterprises.Originality/valueThis result can provide an original and more accurate implementation pathway toward technological innovative development in emerging economies. The proposed framework can provide valuable guidelines and recommendations to practicing managers and analysts for policy development to promote innovative and technological developments.

РЕАЛІЗАЦІЯ СТРАТЕГІЧНИХ КОМУНІКАЦІЙ У ПУБЛІЧНОМУ УПРАВЛІННІ НА ЗАСАДАХ ПРОЕКТНОГО ПІДХОДУ

The article describes peculiarities of the strategic communications implementation into the public system which is based on the project approach, expecially, the management of the portfolio of communication projects. It is determined that strategic communications achieve a change in the perception and behavior of the whole society or a part of it, it is involved the coordinated activities of the public administration in the humanitarian, information and media sphere. The complex is integrated with each other communication activities and actions require special forms of implementation: coordination between themselves and strategic goal; implementation at the national level, for the whole society: coordination at regional and local levels. The necessity of the use of project-based approach in the implementation of communication strategies, which is an effective strategic management technology development and contributes to proactive public administration. It is determined that the most appropriate way to coordinate the overall communication in the implementation of the national development strategy is project portfolio management as an effective management tool to achieve strategic goals. Prioritizing communication projects and their effective implementation will provide a number of advantages: the rational allocation of resources, ensuring that strategic plan projects according to their values and preferences. Technological implementation of portfolio management communication projects at the state level justified by the need to ensure constant and continuous process coordinated communication of public authorities and society at the strategic, operational and tactical levels. Combining individual communication, cultural, educational and scientific projects in the portfolio provides new quality management, to enhance the overall effect of projects and project portfolio themselves are one of the most effective mechanisms of strategic management. The organizational structure that standardizes management processes, facilitates sharing of resources, methodologies, tools and techniques have office management and communications programs and projects whose primary purpose: management implementation support communications projects and direct management of individual projects at the state level. It is proposed to establish an official management of communication projects in Ukraine, which rejected the highest minimum effectiveness in the field of communication strategy and opened the possibility to deny public authority in the strategic communications. The authority of the office is to coordinate communication activities both in the government and with other governments and with the public and foreign nationals (in the public diplomacy).