Strategic Movement Research Articles

Understanding the process of agricultural entrepreneurship: perspective from strategic movements and entrepreneurial families

PurposeThis study analyses the sequence of actions carried out by successful enterprises in the agricultural sector and aims to understand the logic followed with such actions and the differences related to the types of families that develop them.Design/methodology/approachThrough a multiple case study approach, the business and family trajectories of 14 successful agricultural enterprises in Mexico were analysed. The actions carried out by enterprises are conceptualized as strategic movements and are classified into seven categories: (1) growth and intensification, (2) reconversion, (3) diversification, (4) integration, (5) differentiation, (6) outsourcing and (7) digitization. Depending on their relationship with agriculture, entrepreneurial families are classified into three categories: (1) continuing families, (2) returning families and (3) incoming families.FindingsThe entrepreneurship logic follows three stages: evaluation, expansion and consolidation, through which different activities are tested, then the one that produces the best results is expanded and adopted as the main activity, and finally the expansion of the main activity and its evaluation are combined by comparing and complementing it with other agricultural activities. The difference is that continuing families adhere more to the traditional productivist model based on growth in scale and improved productivity of primary production. On the other hand, actions that imply a distinction in the quality of production such as integration and differentiation and that require links with other organizations such as outsourcing are more frequently carried out by returning and incoming families.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings obtained through case studies cannot be statistically generalized to a specific population, however, our perspective can be transferred to other cases to obtain analogous findings.Originality/valueThe study is a unique piece in terms of the analysis of how families with different degrees of proximity to agriculture develop successful enterprises.

The Effects of Tax Knowledge, Tax Complexity and Tax Morale Towards Tax Compliance Behaviour Among Salaried Group in Malaysia

This study examines the relationship between tax knowledge, complexity and morale with the tax compliance behaviour among salaried group in Malaysia. A structured questionnaire were distributed to the private and government sector employees throughout Malaysia. The data analysis from 152 completed responses revealed that tax knowledge, complexity and morale proved to have significant influences on the tax compliance behaviour among salaried group. The findings of this study not only contribute to literature in exploring determinants that encourage voluntary compliance among the taxpayers under the Self-Assessment System (SAS) in Malaysia, they also provide insights to the governing bodies and the tax authorities of the needs to improve the current tax policy and merangka strategic movement in improving tax literacy among the taxpayers. This present study, however, has limitations due to the use of closed questionnaires that might not capture further information completely on the understanding of tax regulations and the factors causing non-compliance.

Modelling resilient fashion retail supply chain strategies to mitigate the COVID-19 impact

PurposeThis paper aims to develop supply chain strategies for the fashion retail supply chain (FRSC), likely to be disrupted by the current pandemic (COVID-19) under physical and online retail stores. The resilient retail supply chain design is proposed under budget allocation and merchandise capacity constraints.Design/methodology/approachThis paper utilises the theory of constraint (ToC) and goal programming (GP) to address the COVID-19 impact on FRSC. The budgetary and capacity constraints are formulated with a constraint optimisation model and tested with six different priorities to deal with the physical and online stores. Next, all priorities are developed under different FRSC business scenarios. The ToC-GP-based optimisation model is validated with one of the Indian fashion retail supply chains.FindingsThe proposed optimisation model presents the optimal retailing strategies for selling fashion goods over physical and online platforms. The multiple scenarios are presented for developing trade-offs among different strategies to maximise the retailer's merchandise performance. This paper also highlighted the strategic movement from high merchandise density stores to low merchandise density stores. This implies a reduction of sales targets and aspiration levels of both online and physical fashion stores.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed model is validated with one of the fashion retailers in India. Other nations or multiple fashion retailers might be considered for more generalisation of findings in the future.Practical implicationsThis research helps fashion retail supply chain managers deal with consumer demand uncertainty over physical and online stores in pandemic times. Limitation: Other nations or multiple fashion retailers might be considered for more generalisation of findings in the future.Originality/valueThis is the first study that considered the impact of COVID-19 on the retail fashion supply chain. The effect of physical and online platforms is mainly discussed from consumer marketing perspectives, but an inventory and resilience perspective is missing in earlier studies. The role of merchandise planning is highlighted in this study.

Strategic manipulation in Bayesian dialogues.

In a Bayesian dialogue two individuals report their Bayesian updated belief about a certain event back and forth, at each step taking into account the additional information contained in the updated belief announced by the other at the previous step. Such a process, which operates through a reduction of the set of possible states of the world, converges to a commonly known posterior belief, which can be interpreted as a dynamic foundation for Aumann’s agreement result. Certainly, if two individuals have diverging interests, truthfully reporting one’s Bayesian updated belief at every step might not be optimal. This observation could lead to the intuition that always truthfully reporting one’s Bayesian updated belief were the best that two individuals could do if they had perfectly coinciding interests and these were in line with coming to know the truth. This article provides an example which shows this intuition to be wrong. In this example, at some step of the process, one individual has an incentive to deviate from truthfully reporting his Bayesian updated belief. However, not in order to hide the truth, but to help it come out at the end: to prevent the process from settling into a commonly known belief—the “Aumann conditions”—on a certain subset of the set of possible states of the world (in which the process then would be blocked), and this way make it converge to a subset of the set of possible states of the world on which it will be commonly known whether the event in question has occurred or not. The strategic movement described in this example is similar to a conversational implicature: the correct interpretation of the deviation from truthfully reporting the Bayesian updated belief thrives on it being common knowledge that the announced probability cannot possibly be the speaker’s Bayesian updated belief at this step. Finally, the argument is embedded in a game-theoretic model.

Onward migration: An introduction

Onward migration: An introduction

Our Relationships Carry the Movement

AbstractThe radical HIV prison activist movement has always been, in practice, an abolitionist movement. Set in Philadelphia in the early 2000s, this article centers the relationships through which leaders of ACT UP Philadelphia, the Philadelphia County Coalition for Prison Health Care, TEACH Outside, and Project UNSHACKLE worked to transform the social conditions for which prisons have been posited as the solution and to create a prison-free future in real time. Its pages unfold a three-part methodological toolkit for HIV prevention justice. First, harm reduction demands that one show up and provide relief, no questions asked. Second, mutual aid grounds the forging of new social relations that are more survivable than those produced by HIV stigma, mass criminalization, and organized abandonment. Third, transformative justice offers both a vision and a practice for challenging criminalization in all its intimate, communal, and structural forms, and building a racially just and strategic HIV movement.

¿Cómo desarrollar un nuevo mercado donde la competencia no tiene ninguna?

Este artículo recopila en detalle el estudio de 150 movimientos estratégicos que abarcan un período de más de cien años y treinta industrias, escrito por Kim Chain y Renée Mauborgne, quien cuestiona todo aquello que se creyó saber sobre la forma de alcanzar el éxito estratégico.
 Durante el desarrollo de la lectura se identifican las empresas americanas, europeas, asiáticas y colombianas que han logrado el éxito con la aplicación de modelos de Océano Azul, que aunque la mayoría de ellas compitieron dentro de los llamados océanos rojos, ahora flotan y nadan en las libres corrientes azules. Por consiguiente, se experimentará una serie de acontecimientos inesperados en la ejemplificación de casos reales de empresas de las cuales no se había escuchado de qué hablar antes. De tal manera, en el presente artículo se tratará la temática del marketing y la innovación con valor; fundamentalmente será beneficioso para la lectura y aprendizaje sobre estrategias que sirvan para diferenciar bajos costos y calidad.

Las operaciones de información rusas en el conflicto del este de Ucrania

La caída de la URSS precipitó un cambio progresivo en las relaciones entre los países que habían formado parte del aparato estatal del gigante euroasiático. La evolución de este proceso, en el marco del espacio post-soviético, se ha encontrado significativamente marcada por la gestión de la información en los escenarios resultantes de los conflictos de interés surgidos a raíz de las disputas territoriales, que emergieron en el nuevo mapa de Europa del Este. La cuestión nacional ucraniana ha sido uno de los capítulos protagonistas de las páginas de Internacional en los medios de comunicación a nivel global. Los hechos que han acontecido en torno a la guerra del Dombás, continúan siendo, hoy en día, un tema recurrente en la prensa. En este contexto, las operaciones de información han resultado un factor de especial relevancia a la hora de influir en el desarrollo de los acontecimientos, para favorecer una determinada agenda política y generar un estado de opinión que permita facilitar los movimientos estratégicos de los actores intervinientes. La Federación de Rusia, como heredera del legado que dejó tras de sí la Unión Soviética, cuenta con numerosos intereses en la región oriental de Ucrania. Frente a su postura, se encuentra la política desplegada desde Kiev en los últimos años, que experimenta un paulatino acercamiento a la Unión Europea y al conjunto de Occidente. El presente trabajo estudia las técnicas de propaganda rusas aplicadas al conflicto ucraniano, el uso de la desinformación como táctica de guerra híbrida y su posible efectividad, de acuerdo con el estatus actual de las autoproclamadas repúblicas de Donetsk y Lugansk.

Civil War Supply and Strategy: Feeding Men and Moving Armies by Earl J. Hess

Reviewed by: Civil War Supply and Strategy: Feeding Men and Moving Armies by Earl J. Hess Thomas F. Army Jr. Civil War Supply and Strategy: Feeding Men and Moving Armies. By Earl J. Hess. (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2020. Pp. xiv, 432. $50.00, ISBN 978-0-8071-7332-9.) Once again, Earl J. Hess offers us an innovative approach to Civil War writing in his groundbreaking new book Civil War Supply and Strategy: Feeding Men and Moving Armies. Hess investigates the connection between armies’ strategic movements and their critical ability to feed and supply their men and animals. His argument is succinct: commanders who placed strategic operations ahead of supply and logistical concerns did so at their own peril. The author covers critical campaigns in the eastern, western, and trans-Mississippi theaters, although he pays particular attention to Union operations in the West where great distances, inhospitable civilians, and challenging environments hampered movements. Overcoming these obstacles to feed men and animals deep inside Confederate territory, Hess argues, was an “achievement...unprecedented in American history” (p. 21). Railroad management figures prominently in Hess’s book. Both the Union and Confederate armies used extensive wagon trains to supply their men, and both lived off the countryside. However, the Federal army quickly learned how to successfully manage the railroads. The North developed a remarkable system of railroad transportation, maintenance, and repair. By 1865, the United States Military Railroad, under the direction of Daniel C. McCallum, had become the largest railroad company in the world. For the North, operating on external lines of communication, the supply problems were enormous. To reach the tip of the spear, the North developed a supply chain that extended from major depots such as Cincinnati and Louisville to front-line units sometimes 350 miles away from their supply base. Confederate cavalry and guerrillas operating behind Union lines often ruined miles of track, bridges, and tunnels. Such damage threatened to leave an army vulnerable to starvation and capture deep inside Confederate territory, as nearly happened to General William S. Rosecrans’s Army of the Cumberland at Chattanooga (1863) and General Nathaniel P. Banks’s Army of the Gulf at Grand Ecore on the Red River (1864). Only the ingenuity of quartermasters allowed these armies to escape total disaster. Hess argues that the Union could not have won the Civil War unless its armies could maintain mobility and meet the challenges that otherwise would have impeded Union operations deep inside the Confederacy. The author’s insightful strategic and logistic analysis of the movements of Union and Confederate armies offers scholars and general readers a fresh approach to the way historians should consider, study, and write the Civil War’s military history. For example, the author points out that during the Kentucky campaign of 1862, although General Braxton Bragg “continued to rely on wagon trains and foraging to feed both the Army of the Mississippi and the Army of East Tennessee,” he had no real supply line; and consequently, after the battle of Perryville he was forced to retreat through the mountains of East Tennessee, his men living off parched corn (p. 45). This lesson of moving rapidly and living off the countryside was not lost on Union general William T. Sherman, who later commented that he would “imitate” Bragg’s example but make sure his army remained tethered to a supply line (p. 47). [End Page 730] As in his previous book Civil War Logistics: A Study of Military Transportation (Baton Rouge, 2017), Hess pays more attention to Union operations because far more information is available and because building functioning supply lines was particularly challenging when attacking deep inside the Confederacy. Hess points out that the Confederacy’s institutional and administrative problems in feeding its soldiers created a number of strategic disadvantages. What Hess does not offer is a reason why those institutional problems existed in the South and not in the North. Hess has written an important book. Military histories look at the strategic movement of armies but often discount the problem of supply. The author has shown us a different way of writing about war. Strategic operations must be considered within the framework of supply, and...

The after-sales strategy of an industrial equipment manufacturer: evaluation and control

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the after-sales strategy of an industrial equipment manufacturer.Design/methodology/approachThe research study’s object is the Brazilian operation of a company belonging to a multinational group that designs, manufactures and installs technology-based equipment. The research method is qualitative modeling with a quantitative analysis. A literature review and a focus group with managers organized the after-sales strategy of the company in four constructs measured by 24 indicators. The constructs are technical assistance (TA), reliability management (RM), customer relationships (CRs) and spare part logistics (SL). A total of seven managers evaluated the importance and performance of the indicators.FindingsTA, RM and CRs are lagging constructs (the importance is greater than the performance), whereas SL is a leading construct (the opposite). The study proposed four strategic actions that change the type of emphasis that the company poses to service: from in-house to field maintenance service, from correction to prevention reliability improvement, from technical- to customer-focused relationships and from direct to integrated logistics service.Research limitations/implicationsThe study limits to the case of a technology-based manufacturing company.Practical implicationsThe strategic movement reallocates resources from leading indicators to lagging indicators in a sharp, clear movement of forces in the company.Originality/valueThe main contribution is a structured method to evaluate and control the strategic performance of an industrial equipment manufacturer in after-sales activities.

Movement Strategies in Virtual Reality: The Influence of Effort Costs and Target Depth

Kinematic analysis of users’ movement trajectories can reveal strategic movement biases; however, it is unclear if these strategic behaviors also occur in virtual reality (VR). To examine this question, we adapted a task from previous laboratory studies to examine strategic biases in movement behavior in VR. Twelve participants moved to targets positioned in one of two directions along the x-, y-, or z-axis in a VR inter-face, and trajectory profiles were derived and parsed to identify kinematic milestones. Results showed that users achieved similar task completion times across all conditions but used different strategies to select targets at different locations. These findings confirm that users can adapt their movement behaviors to optimize movement performance in VR and highlight how the constraints imposed by VR environments alter users’ movement strategies.

Becoming indigenous or being overcome? Strategic indigenous rights litigation in the Sudan

ABSTRACT In the name of development, water management, and economic growth, the government of Sudan has made the construction of hydroelectric dams a national priority. In the case of the Merowe Dam, it is estimated that around 60,000 people have been affected by the government’s hydropower programmes, including loss of land, livelihood, and even life. These struggles have led to a number of litigation efforts, using both national and international judicial bodies. From a research perspective, this unfolding struggle provides a unique opportunity to follow both the trajectory and impact of norms. Do international norms travel locally to support the struggle? Do domestic norms, perhaps newly established, drive the struggle on the international stage? This paper studies a particular set of international norms around indigenous rights and their role in the struggle. Although only one local population of the several affected is technically classed as indigenous, other non-indigenous groups are using the indigenous rights framework in seeking justice, contributing to the strategic regional movement to extend these rights and develop African jurisprudence. This paper explores whether this is evidence of groups ‘becoming indigenous’ in order to access justice or whether this is an example of organisations directing, or perhaps even overpowering, vulnerable communities.

The Human Problem (Part 1)

ABSTRACT The essay dramatizes the strategic movement of thinking/writing through the question “What is human?” as a series of modulations in style.

Stagpression: The Economic and Financial Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic

This paper formulates an analytical framework to understand the spatiotemporal patterns of epidemic disease occurrence, its relevance, and implications to financial markets activity. The paper suggests a paradigm shift: a new multidimensional geometric approach to capture all symmetrical and asymmetrical strategic graphical movement. Furthermore, the concept of stagpression is introduced, a new economic phenomenon to explain the uncharted territory for the world economies and financial markets are getting into. The Massive Pandemic Contagious Diseases Damage on Stock Markets Simulator (φ-Simulator) to evaluate the determinants of capital markets behavior in the presence of an infectious disease outbreak. The model investigates the impact of COVID-19 on the performance of ten stock markets, including S&P 500, TWSE, Shanghai Stock Exchange, Nikkei 225, DAX, Hang Seng, U.K.-FTSE, KRX, SGX, and Malaysia-FTSE.

Significance of CPEC in East Asia Countries & Its Impact on Pakistan Economy

In this research we deeply analyze the impact of CPEC in East Asian countries & effects on Pakistan Economy. In the meanwhile CPEC playing a vital role in the economy of Pakistan & it have very outstanding result in global perspective & especially East Asian countries. Formation of regional and global strategic movements around the world in present century has led to geo- strategic and geo-economical partnerships between countries. China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is one of the best examples of such partnerships. Time period launching the CPEC project consist of from 2014 to 2030.There are three phases for implementation of the projects under CPEC. The short-term, midterm- term and long-term projects are estimated to be completed by 2017,2025 and 2030 respectively. Developing new transport infrastructure, Gwadar Port Projects and several energy generating projects, are one of the main projects of CPEC, “All Weather Strategic Friendship” is therefore proved for Pakistan and China. China’s pilot project of “Belt and Road Initiative” is the key plan, which led to the development of CPEC. That will expected from CPEC minimizes the transportation cost of China by providing a shorter route for China’s trade to Persian Gulf and it will provide a solution to the energy shortfalls in Pakistan. Moreover, CPEC’s projected prospects of economic advancement, there are some economic, security and political threats in Pakistan. Hence, this paper provides a complete picture of previous researches on the planned subject and is not involving any data analysis as existing researches had used for analyzing a review of prospects and challenges.

Jallikattu – beyond a heroism sport for SKCRF

Learning outcomes The learning objectives have been prepared in accordance with the Blooms Taxonomy (Engelhart et al., 1984). After completion of this case, students would be able to examine and expand the concept of institutions (i.e. a sport as an institution in this case) and understand how important it is to incorporate them in the policy level decision-making (Knowledge); understand a different form of the social institution (i.e. Jallikattu) and capture its relevance for all the involved stakeholders by taking into consideration the challenges that could stem from their interplay (Application); analyze the interests of various stakeholders and their concerns that add to the complexity of a socially relevant issue (Analysis); and integrate the developments of an event (i.e. Jallikattu) over its timeline and develop an action plan for being prepared or for resolving such exigencies, especially for public policy decision making (Synthesis). Case overview/synopsis The case is centred on Senaapathy Kangayam Cattle Research Foundation whose primary aim is conservation and breeding of native breeds of cattle. The protagonist of the case, Karthikeya Sivasenapathy, managing trustee of this foundation, has invested significant efforts to create awareness on the importance of Jallikattu. Jallikattu is an ancient Indian sport played in the rural regions of Tamil Nadu state in India and has been in existence for over 5,000 years. This issue has come into limelight due to its initial ban by the Supreme Court of India in 2014 and its subsequent stay on the ban in 2016. While there are several arguments surrounding this controversy, the arguments can be broadly classified under those who support the ban (i.e. oppose Jallikattu) and those who oppose the ban (i.e. support Jallikattu). Due to the involvement of various stakeholders (government supreme court, animal welfare boards and breed saviour groups) with conflicting objectives, the dynamics of decision-making to settle this issue became very complicated, confusing and time-consuming for Karthikeya. By using the lens of institutions and stakeholder theory, the authors explain the issue around Jallikattu in this teaching note. Teaching note also documents the unfolding of events that happened after 12 January 2017 which succeeded in lifting the ban on Jallikattu. Complexity academic level The case is written for undergraduate and graduate-level students pursuing business programmes and for senior management professionals participating in the executive education programmes. The case is suitable for those who are expected to work in an environment where there is a multitude of complex, formal as well as informal institutions. This case can be used to teach the concepts of institutions, the dynamics involved and to give the flavour of the interactions between these different institutions in solving a social issue. It will fit well into courses on strategic management, social movement and institutional theory. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 1: Accounting and Finance.

Applying space syntax for surface rapid transit planning

This paper presents a technique aimed to assist in planning of surface rapid transit alignment in a metropolitan area by applying space syntax configurational approach. The technique proposed in this study was applied to the proposed surface rapid transit network for the Metropolitan Area of Tel Aviv. For this research a bi-modal model of the spatial structure, which includes the street network as well as the planned rapid transit routes, was analyzed. The results show that that a substantial share of the network’s alignment can be described solely by measuring through-movement potentials. This finding demonstrates the significant role of spatial accessibility analysis in transit planning. Consequently, this study provides a reproducible methodology for identifying the routes which hold the highest potential to serve as strategic movement corridors at a metropolitan scale, thus improving current RTS (Rapid Transit System) planning practice.

The Jewish Issue in Islamic Radicalism: Historicity, Impact and Evolutions

AbstractThis article focuses on the long‐term ideological vision of Jews and Israel in radical Islam. By examining, on the one hand, the animosity towards Judeo‐Israelis in the spawning and bolstering of Islamist, Salafist and Jihadist movements, and on the other hand, the sociological composition of Jihadist elites related to the Israeli‐Palestinian conflict, I show the centrality of the Judeophobic discourse in the world of radical Islam as well as the importance of Israel in its reinforcement. By trying to historicize this discourse, as well as political and strategic movements linked with the State of Israel, I also question the nature of the hostility towards Judaism, and more specifically the role of the Israeli issue in the development and evolution of the most radical and violent forms of Muslim identity over nearly a century.

Minimizing blind men effect in strategic group research: Visualizing complex turbulent markets

AbstractIncreasing complexity and turbulence of modern markets calls for nonstatic multitheoretical/empirical approaches with intrinsic triangulation and intuitive strategic cluster visualization to minimize the “blind men effect” to offer unbiased insights for various stakeholders: corporate strategic managers, policy researchers, and market legislators. This study presents a refined framework for multi‐time‐point dynamic analysis that integrates and superposes multiple dimensions of strategic flexibility, agility, and orientation for cross‐validated insights. It also addresses long‐standing critical debates on strategic group theory via the metaphor of the blind men and the elephant justifying the need for an in‐depth, multiperspective approach. Our approach reveals the evolution of the market structure (strategic and competitive dynamics) of the French pharmaceutical market over time by mapping and interpreting strategic movements over a turbulent time period.

Arbiters of Value: The Nationalization of Art and the Politics of Expertise in Early Socialist Romania

In 1948, immediately after the Communist Party came to power in Romania, state officials commissioned a group of art experts to radically transform the existing public and private art collections into a national system of museums. These professionals became the new regime’s arbiters of value: the ultimate authority in assessing the cultural and financial value of artwork, and thus deciding their fate and final location. Newly available archival evidence reveals the specific strategies that they employed, and the particular political needs of the state they were able to capitalize on in order to survive and even thrive under a regime that, in principle, should have disavowed them. Even though many of them had professionally come of age during the interwar period, the art experts managed to make themselves indispensable to the new state. They functioned as a pivotal mediator between state officials and a broader public because they knew how to use the national network of museums to put the new state on display. Through the rearrangement of public and private collections across the country, and the centralization of art in museums, they produced a particular “order of things” meant not only to entice the public to view the socialist state as the pinnacle of progress and as a benefactor to the masses but also to validate their expertise and forge a new political trajectory for themselves. The strategic movement of art objects that they orchestrated reveals the material and spatial dimensions of state-making in early socialism.