Strategic Missile Research Articles

Wind Tunnel Investigation of Typical Strategic Missile Configuration at High Angle of Attack

The present wind tunnel investigation is a part of a project studying the effectiveness of flat fin control on short-range strategic missile at high angle of attack. As a part of this program, the longitudinal aerodynamic coefficients were computed analytically and were compared with estimates obtained through wind tunnel testing. Wind tunnel tests were conducted over a range of angle of attack from -15° to +45° at a free stream speed of 60m/s. Aerodynamic coefficients were generated for various missile configurations. These coefficients were then compared with the estimates obtained analytically. It was conjectured that, at high angle of attack, vortices shaded by the body interact with the local flow near the fins and drastically alters the stability characteristics of the missile. The subject missile has a small hemispherical nose as compared to most of the missiles having conical or ogival nose. For such a configuration sufficient theoretical/experimental data are not available. Thus, it was important to generate longitudinal aerodynamic data for the range of angle of attack upto which the theoretical model can be used to evaluate the aerodynamic stiffness of the missile. Such a model structure is required for postulating aerodynamic model in estimation algorithm, used for parameter estimation from flight data of the subject missile.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ У КУРСАНТОВ НА ОСНОВЕ ИНТЕГРАТИВНОГО ПОДХОДА ПРИ ОБУЧЕНИИ ИНОСТРАННОМУ ЯЗЫКУ

The article is devoted to the current issue of the formation of universal competencies among cadets of the Branch of the Military Academy of Strategic Missile Forces named after Peter the Great in Serpukhov when studying foreign language, the essence of communicative competence and competence of intercultural interaction and their value for the development of the personality of future rocket officers are described. The annual increasing importance and at the same time the need to learn a foreign language in the modern world was noted, the problem of reducing the motivation of students and the importance of finding an approach to future military specialists in order to increase their level of interest in professional and personal growth were described. To form the universal competencies, an integrative approach was chosen as the leader, its characteristics and structure were given based on analyzed scientific research in the field of pedagogical integration. The result of pedagogical integration is supposed to increase the level of formation of the universal competencies. Based on the knowledge gained, the methodological basis for the design of the integrative model is presented. The design of the training model for cadets in the discipline was carried out taking into account the implementation of integrative processes at four levels: inter-subject, intra-subject, interpersonal and intra-person. The principle of integration was chosen as the leading principle of modeling the content and course of training of cadets, which ensures the effective achievement of the goals of the educational process by forming an integral idea of the discipline "Foreign Language" as an integral part of education in the university as a whole. The article justifies the need to use an integrative approach to form the universal competencies in a military university among cadets when studying English. The model at the four integration levels is represented graphically. Conclusions were made about the further practical development of the studies obtained.

Гибридная модель обучения как составляющая интегративного подхода для формирования универсальных компетенций курсантов военного ВУЗа при изучении иностранного языка

the article raised the question of the emergence of diverse views on the concepts of "hybrid," "hybridization," "hybrid learning" and the processes they call in higher education, as well as the directions of application of these one-root words that arose in connection with this multitude, the need to figure out what is and whether such names are legitimate for transformational processes in modern pedagogy. In addition, emphasis was placed on the merits and disadvantages of each process and what contradictions arise in connection with the use of hybrid forms in higher educational institutions.
 The study presents the author's hybrid model of interaction, with the help of which universal competencies are formed among cadets of the Branch of the Military Academy of Strategic Missile Forces (FVA Strategic Missile Forces) named after Peter the Great when studying a foreign language. A description is given of each component of the hybrid model of interaction, as well as the peculiarities of its application depending on specific situations, external factors, training of cadets at the initial stage of training, assessment of their capabilities and time frames of training. The hybrid model is considered in the view of the integrative approach in the educational process of a military university, the definition of the integrative approach is given and the relation of the hybrid model to this approach is specified.
 The subject of research is the concept of hybridization in the field of higher education.
 The purpose of this study is to create an idea of new terms and describe various views, meanings, scientific approaches, the evolution of the concepts of "hybrid," "hybridization," "hybrid learning," "hybrid model" which are associated with education, ways of transferring new knowledge and their connection with the main tool - language as a means of communication and knowledge exchange. Theoretical research is carried out in the field of higher education, the purpose of the research is also to reflect its point of view regarding the above names, which have recently been of particular relevance in the educational environment, especially if the educational process takes place in a military institution for the training of future officers, in particular, the study of the foreign (English) language of specialized areas in a non-linguistic university of the Peter the Great Strategic Missile Forces will be considered.
 Finally, a summary table of all the described concepts of hybridization is presented and a conclusion is made about the nature of the emergence of hybridization in education and its relevance to date.

A Novel Storage-Period Self-Calibration Method of Missile-Borne SINS With Redundant Configuration

The periodic-calibration of missile borne strap-down inertial navigation system(SINS) is the key to realize missile precision attack, especially for strategic missile. However, the traditional periodic-calibration method can only be realized on the three-axis turntable by disassembly, which affects the fast launch ability. It is urgent to propose a periodic free disassembly self-calibration method for strap-down inertial navigation. The assembly strap-down inertial navigation system can only be sensitive to one-degree-of-freedom rotation in the storage period with the help of the rolling maneuver of the missile. It has so far been thought to be impossible in the absence of bi-axial rotation to realize the self-calibration of missile-borne SINS. In this paper, the skewed six axis redundancy configuration mode for strap-down inertial navigation system and observability optimal allocation method have been proposed to solve the self-calibration problem of strap-down inertial navigation. Multiple calculations of variety configurations are conduct to accomplish the calibration, instead of single calculation in traditional method. Eventually, the hardware-in-the-loop simulations results, including the quantities of calibrated sensors and observability degree of main errors, were superior to traditional calibration method reported so far. The method presented here provides a new perspective to realize self-calibration of missile-borne INS during the storage period in pure strap-down way.

Scientific and Technological Issues of Using Artificial Intelligence and Neural Network Data Processing Technologies in the Automated Systems of the Strategic Missile Forces

Scientific and Technological Issues of Using Artificial Intelligence and Neural Network Data Processing Technologies in the Automated Systems of the Strategic Missile Forces Military Thought No. 2, Vol. 30

Tactical and Strategic Missile Guidance: An Introduction Seventh edition – Vol 1. Progress in Aeronautics and Astronautics Series Volume 258 P. Zarchan Reston, VA, USA. xxxi; 699 pp. 2019. Illustrated. Distributed by Transatlantic Publishers Group, 97 Greenham Road, London N10 1LN, UK. £116. (20% discount available to RAeS members on request; mark.chaloner@tpgltd.co.uk). ISBN 978-1-62410-537-1. - Advanced Tactical and Strategic Missile

Tactical and Strategic Missile Guidance: An Introduction Seventh edition – Vol 1. Progress in Aeronautics and Astronautics Series Volume 258 P. Zarchan Reston, VA, USA. xxxi; 699 pp. 2019. Illustrated. Distributed by Transatlantic Publishers Group, 97 Greenham Road, London N10 1LN, UK. £116. (20% discount available to RAeS members on request; mark.chaloner@tpgltd.co.uk). ISBN 978-1-62410-537-1. - Advanced Tactical and Strategic Missile

Research on energy-absorption and failure of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resins double cone structure

One of the research hotspot in strategic missile is to develop a multifunctional and lightweight composite launcher, which has a certain bearing capacity and anti-fragment penetration capability. On this basis, this paper designs the launcher’s wall by using carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite double cone structure (CFREPDCS) as sandwich core layer. Due to obtain the high-speed impact energy-absorption and failure characteristic of the CFREPDCS, the quasi-static collapse experiment and the LS-DYNA finite element simulation were used. The experimental results and the scanning electron microscope show that the failure mode of the carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite (CFREP) circular tube is progressive failure, which includes matrix fragmentation and fiber fracture. The CFREP circular tube with larger wall thickness has higher specific energy-absorption (SEA), approximately 58.6 J/g. The coupled relationship between SEA and mid-diameter height shows that the maximum SEA occurs while mid-diameter height reaches 8 mm. On the other hand, the change of the mid-diameter height also reflects the influence of loading direction on SEA. This study provides the significant guide to design and manufacture of sandwich carbon fiber composite launcher.

A study on the status of DPRK's strategic missile and possibility of arms control - Focusing on the comparative analysis of missile power -

A study on the status of DPRK's strategic missile and possibility of arms control - Focusing on the comparative analysis of missile power -

The Gallery: Home sweet nuclear home

THOSE LOOKING to move house this spring can grab a bargain with the first ever privately owned nuclear missile alert facility, which is for sale on eBay for just $250,000, including nine acres of land. The Minuteman Missile Alert Facility, formerly known as Mike-01, 510th Strategic Missile Squadron, was built in central Missouri in the 1960s and prepped to administer targeted attacks across the globe during the Cold War. As with other nuclear facilities, when the site was decommissioned 22 years ago the blast door was closed, and the underground areas filled with hard-core to prevent entry, but the current owner, Russ Neilsen, has spent the last two years excavating the site. Most of the original features are long gone but some remain, including floors suspended on shock absorbers to protect against nuclear blasts, and the reinforced capsule where pairs of ‘missiliers’ worked in 24-hour shifts.

Key Trends in Information Security Assurance for Strategic Missile Systems under IT Impact

Key Trends in Information Security Assurance for Strategic Missile Systems under IT Impact

Strategic Uncertainty and Missile Defence: Revisiting the 1999 National Intelligence Estimate

Strategic uncertainty remains a significant challenge for defence planners and national leaders responsible for developing and acquiring future military capabilities. Concerns in the United States over missile proliferation during the 1990s were embodied in the 1999 National Intelligence Estimate (NIE), which predicted the emergence of a long-range ballistic missile threat by 2015. Comparing the NIEs predictions with the actual evolution of the threat reveals not only an overly pessimistic evaluation but also politicization of the intelligence assessment. At the time of its release, the report added to a growing sense of vulnerability and further encouraged policy-makers to make suboptimal missile defence acquisition decisions. In particular, the worst-case scenario thinking exemplified by the 1999 NIE contributed to an unnecessarily rushed testing programme, the premature deployment of homeland missile defence and an oversized system in Europe. Although missile defence may have strategic value, the rush to deploy has resulted in a costly and less effective military capability due to unfounded fears of strategic surprise and entrenched notions of the ballistic missile threat. Strategic uncertainty will always be a challenge, but focusing solely on developing capabilities with less regard to the actual threat environment is a recipe for costly and ineffective weapons systems.

Bad Strategy and Bomber Dreams: A New View of the Blue Streak Cancellation

The Blue Streak strategic missile was controversially cancelled by the British government in 1960, a decision usually explained with reference to cost and technical and strategic obsolescence. This new account argues that, on the contrary, Blue Streak was a technical and management success. Strategic arguments against a ‘fire-first’ weapon, vulnerable to a huge Soviet pre-emptive strike, were known to be weak. Previous accounts have neglected a most important factor: the ambivalence towards Blue Streak of its most senior Royal Air Force customers, and their alternative, if unrealistic, vision of a new high-performance manned bomber.

Applications of adjoint theory to problems in aerospace and defence science

The adjoint simulation method is an efficient, computerised method for the performance analysis of linear time varying systems excited by deterministic and/or stochastic inputs. It is based on the impulse response function (or weighting function) of the so-called adjoint system---an associated linear system derived from the original system by clever utilisation of the mathematical principle of duality. We demonstrate the power of adjoint simulation in the context of guided missile homing loop studies and present a Matlab tool for its speedy implementation and execution. As an example, the tool analyses the miss distance performance of a generic guided missile against an evading target in two dimensional space. References Statistical performance analysis of nonlinear stochastic systems by the Monte Carlo method volume 23-1 of Mathematics and Computers in Simulation J. , pages 21--23, 1981. doi:10.1016/0378-4754(81)90004-5 Zarchan, P. Tactical and Strategic Missile Guidance , 5th Edition, AIAA Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, 2007. Weiss, M. Adjoint Method for Missile Performance Analysis on State-Space Models, volume 28-2 of Guidance, Control and Dynamics J. , pages 236--248, AIAA ,2005. Laning, J. H. and Battin, R. H. Random Processes in Automatic Control , McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, NY, 1956. D. Bucco and M. Weiss. Development of a Matlab/Simulink Tool to Facilitate System Analysis and Simulation via the Adjoint and Covariance Methods, AIAA MST Conference , Aug 2007. http://www.aiaa.org/agenda.cfm?lumeetingid=1501&formatview=1&dateget=22-Aug-07 DeRusso, P. M., Roy, R. J., Close, C. M., and Desrochers, A. A. State Variables for Engineers, 2nd Edition , John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, NY, 1998. Moretti, G. Best Practices for Adopting Model-Based Design in Electronic System Development, White-paper, Gabe on EDA , 2007. http//www.mathworks.com/products/simulink/technicalliterature.html

Chinese Theater and Strategic Missile Force Modernization and its Implications for the United States

The People's Republic of China (PRC), no longer content with its longstanding ‘minimalist’ nuclear posture and strategy, is enhancing the striking power and survivability of its theater and strategic missile forces and rethinking its nuclear doctrine in ways that may pose serious challenges for the United States. Although the modernization of Chinese nuclear and missile forces may ultimately result in greater strategic deterrence stability, this change will not come about immediately or automatically. Indeed, it is entirely possible that China's growing missile capabilities could decrease crisis stability under certain circumstances, especially in the event of a US–China conflict over Taiwan.

Predicting The Mechanical Behaviour Of LargeComposite Rocket Motor Cases

A method to develop finite element models of the rocket motor cases of a strategic missile is presented. Based on the use of multivariate analyses, this approach is made necessary given the impossibility to control all input data: difficult characterization of filament wound materials, influence of manufacturing and qualification processes, unknown fabrication parameters, etc. An initial reference model is built up using preliminary data and theoretical winding laws. Having compared the models predictions and available structural test results, a sensitivity analysis is carried out to discuss the individual influence of the input data on the accuracy of the predictions. The multivariate analysis finally enables a global assessment of the parametric analysis results.

Evolution of Ordnance Subsystems and Components in Air Force Strategic Missile Systems

Ordnance subsystems and components are critical elements in intercontinental ballistic missile systems. Ord- nance is required for stage ignition, stage separation, thrust vector control system actuation, �uid isolation valve actuation, battery actuation, thrust termination, and release of reentry vehicles. In addition, an ordnance destruct subsystem is mandatory for eachight test. The similarity between missile systems enabled the development and evolution of ordnance designs; for example, the isolation valves, linear-shaped charges for destruct subsystems, linear explosives for stage separation rings, and conned detonating cords for explosive train interconnections were used on allve missile systems developed by the U.S. Air Force since the early 1960s. The approach did not prevent the adoption of new technologies to improve performance. High-temperature resistant hexanitrostilbene explosive was adopted and the through-bulkhead initiator and exploding bridgewire initiator replaced the hot bridgewire-based squibs and detonators. A laser/�ber-optics-based ordnancering system was developed for a mobile missile system. Hermetic seal technologies were adopted for achieving a longer service life for explosive devices. Better methods were adopted for ordnance testing, for example, the thermal transient pulse test and the builtin reectometry. These approaches dramatically improved reliability, safety, weight efciency, service life, and cost effectiveness.

The Rockot launch system—the commercial solution for low-cost planetary missions

EUROCKOT Launch Services GmbH was founded by DaimlerChrysler Aerospace of Germany and Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center of Russia to offer worldwide cost-effective launch services on the flight proven and reliable Rockot launch system. Rockot can launch satellites weighting up to 1850 kg into low earth orbits (LEO) from around 50° up to high inclinations (e.g. SSO). The paper describes the design, the capabilities and the user interfaces of the Rockot launch vehicle which is based on the former Russian SS-19 strategic missile. The third stage “Breeze” has been newly developed and has multiple ignition capability. The extremely high flexibility of both the payload accommodation and the launch systems allows fast service, i.e. a mission integration period of 18 months from contract signature and a nominal launch campaign which lasts 19 working days. The launch site in Plesetsk has been modernised and adapted to fulfil all requirements of Western customers. The modifications will be verified by a launch of two satellite simulators in the second quarter of 2000. The first commercial launch (two IRIDIUM satellites) is foreseen for the third quarter of 2000. EUROCKOT is also in a position to offer high altitude orbits. In particular for payloads with a mass of up to approximately 320 kg even earth escape/planetary mission with reliable competitive and flight qualified systems can be offered by adding a solid boost stage to the Rockot launcher in co-operation with the major provider of these stages. In this paper the performance envelope, interfaces and potential design solutions will be discussed.

Rockot: the proven, competitive launch system for small satellites

The ROCKOT launcher, its performance and actual status of the commercial program is described. ROCKOT can launch satellites weighing up to 1850 kg into polar, sun synchronous (SSO) or other low earth orbits (LEO). The ROCKOT launch vehicle is based on the former Russian SS-19 strategic missile. The first and second stages are inherited from the SS19, the third stage BREEZE has been newly developed and is characterised by multiple ignition capability. The extremely high flexibility of both the payload accommodation and the launch systems allows the fast service: a nominal launch campaign lasts 19 working days and consists of the operations regarding the launch vehicle, the spacecraft and combined system launch vehicle/spacecraft. The high degree of maturity of the launch vehicle and the launch systems contribute to the competitively fair price level. The ROCKOT launch system is flight proven and marketed by EUROCKOT. EUROCKOT Launch Services GmbH has been founded by DaimlerChrysler Aerospace of Germany and Khrunishev State Research and Production Space Centre of Russia KSRC to offer world-wide cost effective launch services on the ROCKOT launch system. ROCKOT will perform two flights in 1999 and updated information on the campaigns is contained in the paper.

ROCKOT: The proven, competitive launch system for small satellites

The ROCKOT launcher, its performance and actual status of the commercial program is described. ROCKOT can launch satellites weighing up to 1850 kg into polar, sun synchronous (SSO) or other low earth orbits (LEO). The ROCKOT launch vehicle is based on the former Russian SS-19 strategic missile. The first and second stages are inherited from the SS-19, the third stage BREEZE has been newly developed and is characterised by multiple ignition capability. The extremely high flexibility of both the payload accommodation and the launch systems allows the fast service: a nominal launch campaign lasts 19 working days and consists of the operations regarding the launch vehicle, the spacecraft and combined system launch vehicle/spacecraft. The high degree of maturity of the launch vehicle and the launch systems contribute to the competitively fair price level. The ROCKOT launch system is flight proven and marketed by EUROCKOT. EUROCKOT Launch Services GmbH has been founded by DaimlerChrysler Aerospace of Germany and Khrunishev State Research and Production Space Centre of Russia KSRC to offer world-wide cost effective launch services on the ROCKOT launch system. ROCKOT will perform two flights in early 2000 and updated information on the campaigns is contained in the paper. In addition short briefing on the results of Rockot's flight debut from the Plesetsk Launch Site will be given.

Nuclear power in the post‐cold war era: The development of China's nuclear strategy

The end of the Cold War has led the five nuclear powers to reconsider their nuclear strategies against a changed security environment. Although none of them has slowed down their modernization efforts, nuclear arsenals in the United States, Russia, Britain and France have been scaled down. In contrast, China has stepped up its nuclear weapons programs. This may enlarge its current weapons stock. More importantly, with technological upgrading, the Strategic Missile Force of the People's Liberation Army seems to have moved one step closer to real battle preparation [ 1 ]. In People's Liberation Army terminology this means the Strategic Missile Force units have set up full protocols to launch missiles at designated targets, immediately after they receive orders from the Central Military Commission of the Party. This sharpening of the nuclear sword is reflected by the efforts of the Strategic Missile Force to transform itself from a “hiding force” into a “fighting force.” In order to achieve better readiness for action, it has revised its nuclear combat guidelines, redeployed its combat units, and quickened research and development for new missiles. This article is an attempt to analyze the new development of the Chinese nuclear force in the post‐Cold War era.