Strategic Management Research Articles

Strategic tone management in ESG reports and ESG risk

In this study, we investigate whether strategic tone management in environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reports can serve as an indicator of future ESG risk. Our baseline results reveal a positive association between abnormal positive tone in ESG reports and future ESG risk. The findings suggest that firms employ impression management strategy in their ESG reports to provide misleading information. Analyst coverage and media attention can mitigate this positive association. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the positive correlation is stronger for firms mandated to disclose ESG reports and those adhering to the Global Reporting Initiative guidelines. Additional tests indicate that abnormal positive tone is positively associated only with future environmental risk, not with future social and governance risk. We observe this positive association exclusively in government-reported ESG risk, not in media-reported ESG risk. Our results offer valuable implications for mitigating the adverse impact of strategic tone management on corporate sustainability practices.

Comparative analysis of T-cell immunity between Streptococcus agalactiae susceptible and resistant tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the important economic fish species cultured worldwide. However, Streptococcus agalactiae has emerged as a significant bacterial threat, severely impacting the economy of tilapia industry. The immune response underlying the resistance of tilapia to S. agalactiae are not well understood, hindering the reasonable evaluation of breeding and the formulation of effective strategies. In this study, we investigated the differences in T-cell immunity between S. agalactiae-resistant and -susceptible tilapia. Compared with susceptible tilapia, resistant tilapia exhibited a higher percentage of T cells and BrdU+ T cells during infection, indicating a superior proliferative capacity. Whether infected or not, T cells from resistant fish demonstrated a greater ability to resist apoptosis. Additionally, T cell effector genes, including interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)-γ, perforin A, and granzyme B were expressed at higher levels in resistant tilapia after infection. Along with these T-cell immune responses, resistant fish showed more effective clearance of infection. Our study elucidates the T-cell immune responses in resistant tilapia, which may contribute to the high resistance of tilapia to S. agalactiae, and providing valuable theoretical references for the selection and evaluation of disease-resistant fish strains in the future.

Strategic leadership and management within non-profit organizations: An in-depth review of practices contributing to sustainable impact

This study provides an in-depth review of strategic leadership and management practices within non-profit organizations (NPOs) and their contribution to sustainable impact. Employing a systematic literature review and content analysis, the research aims to explore the evolving landscape of strategic leadership, define the scope of leadership and management in achieving sustainable impact, and identify innovative management practices that enhance organizational sustainability. The methodology involved a comprehensive search across peer-reviewed journals, conference proceedings, and grey literature from 2013 to 2023, focusing on empirical evidence, theoretical frameworks, and case studies relevant to NPOs' strategic leadership and management. Key findings reveal that adaptive leadership, innovative management practices, stakeholder engagement, and technology integration are crucial for NPOs to navigate operational complexities, engage stakeholders effectively, and achieve mission-driven objectives. The study proposes strategic recommendations for NPOs to enhance their sustainable impact, including adopting adaptive leadership styles, fostering innovation, integrating technology, and building resilient organizational frameworks. The study underscores the importance of policy development to guide non-profit leaders towards best practices in strategic leadership and management. It also highlights future research directions, emphasizing the need to explore the impact of emerging technologies, globalization, and cross-cultural dynamics on NPOs. Conclusively, the research affirms that effective strategic leadership and management are indispensable for enhancing the sustainable impact of NPOs, advocating for continuous innovation and adaptability in the non-profit sector.

A review of strategic cash flow management models and their role in driving financial growth and sustainability for energy companies in developing markets

Effective cash flow management is critical to the financial health and sustainability of energy companies, particularly in developing markets where economic volatility and operational challenges can constrain growth. This review explores strategic cash flow management models and their impact on driving financial growth and sustainability for energy companies operating in these markets. It highlights the importance of optimizing working capital, leveraging debt and equity financing, and implementing robust risk management frameworks to ensure liquidity and long-term viability. The review categorizes the most prevalent cash flow management models used in energy companies, such as the Free Cash Flow (FCF) model, the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) model, and the Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC) model. Each model's relevance is analyzed in the context of fluctuating energy prices, regulatory changes, and currency instability, which are common issues in developing markets. Additionally, the role of digital tools and financial technologies (FinTech) in enhancing the precision and efficiency of cash flow forecasting and management is discussed. Key findings suggest that strategic cash flow management not only supports immediate liquidity needs but also positions energy companies for sustainable growth by optimizing investment opportunities and mitigating financial risks. A significant emphasis is placed on the need for agile financial planning, where scenario-based forecasting and adaptive cash flow strategies are essential to navigating uncertainties in the energy sector. Furthermore, the review underscores the importance of integrating environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria into cash flow models, aligning financial sustainability with broader corporate responsibility goals. In conclusion, this review offers a comprehensive analysis of cash flow management strategies that are crucial for energy companies in developing markets, providing actionable insights into achieving financial resilience and long-term growth.

One faith for different realities: accounting and management practices of Benedictine monasteries

Purpose This paper aims to explore how the accounting and management practices of monastic institutions were shaped by their surrounding social, political, geographical and economic environments, as well as religious ideologies, during critical historical periods. Design/methodology/approach By applying institutional theory and the comparative international accounting history perspective, this study conducts a comparative analysis of archival records from two monasteries, examining how their accounting and managerial practices were influenced by differing institutional logics. The research relies on systematic archival data collection, complemented by secondary sources, to analyze how religious beliefs shaped the accounting and management practices of these institutions and the degree of convergence between the two. Findings This study found that both monasteries adapted their accounting and management practices to their external environments. San Placido demonstrated resilience amidst disruptions such as wars and earthquakes, while Silos showed financial sophistication through diverse income streams. The resilience of these institutions was driven by their ability to align internal operations with external political, economic and social factors. This adaptability, coupled with strategic management, enhanced their capacity to maintain financial stability, illustrating the direct link between external changes, organizational resilience and improved financial health. Research limitations/implications This study highlights the historical interplay between religious principles and accounting management practices in Benedictine monasteries by comparing two monasteries. It reveals how external environments shape internal operations, showcasing the resilience and adaptability of these institutions in maintaining financial sustainability through the alignment of external pressures with internal resilience mechanisms, which in turn bolster their financial health. Originality/value This research contributes valuable insights to historical managerial and accounting literature, shedding light on the financial resilience and strategies used by Benedictine monasteries. It underscores the enduring respectful legacy of their accounting practices and the unique interplay between spiritual devotion and organizational structure within these institutions.

FOREX EFFICIENCY AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF INDIAN DEFENCE COMPANIES – EXAMINING CONNECTION

This study explores the impact of financial performance on forex efficiency of the selected Indian Defence companies. To meet this objective the sample of five companies selected from nifty defence index based on availability of data. This research uses a descriptive research design and the analysis spans over ten years from April 2014 to March 2024. The financial performance indicators, including profitability, liquidity, asset efficiency, and solvency are examined in relation to forex efficiency through correlation and panel regression analysis. This research aims to address two key questions: the overall relationship between financial performance and forex efficiency in selected Defence companies and the influence of selected financial indicators on forex efficiency. The previous studies have explored related themes but they have not specifically targeted the Defence sector or detailed how particular financial indicator impact forex efficiency. This study fills this gap by providing a meticulous analysis of how financial performance influences forex efficiency. This contributes in valuable insights for strategic financial management and policy formulation in the Defence industry.

Strategic configurations and strategic management accounting: a longitudinal case study in the credit mediation industry

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between strategy, strategic management accounting (SMA) and performance. Specifically, it aims to explore how SMA alignment is achieved to support both the internal and external fit of organizational configurations and achieve superior performance. Design/methodology/approach This study has adopted a longitudinal case study approach, focusing on a leading company in the credit mediation industry, and uses the configurational theory and a network approach to understand how an alignment between organizational configurations and SMA leads to superior performance. Findings This study shows that the configurational fit involves interactions between environmental, strategic and structural elements and SMA. Moreover, it helps understanding the causal complexity of these interactions by showing how various organizational configurations, along with SMA, may lead to superior performance. Finally, from a longitudinal perspective, the study shows how SMA alignment continuously supports both the external and internal configuration fit. Research limitations/implications Case studies often lack generalizability due to their detailed, context-specific nature. In addition, the study assumes that aligning SMA practices with organizational configurations leads to higher performance, although outcomes may be affected by other unobserved factors. Practical implications This study also has practical implications for managers, as it provides a profound understanding of the role of SMA in supporting both the external and internal alignment of the organizational configuration. Managers should particularly leverage SMA to gather and analyze external environmental data, thereby enabling the organization to ensure the continuous consistency of its strategic priorities, as well as to support and reinforce both existing and emerging strategic imperatives. However, it is essential for managers to perceive SMA not as an isolated instrument, but as an integral component of the broader organizational system. Effective implementation necessitates the integration of SMA techniques with the strategic and structural elements of the organization, which complement their implementation, determining the actual contribution to external and internal fit. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study has been one of the first to adopt a qualitative approach to investigate the relationships between strategy, SMA and performance through the lens of the configurational theory. It elucidates the causal mechanisms underlying the relationships between configurations and SMA from a dynamic, change-oriented perspective, showing how SMA continuously contributes to configurational fit and performance.

Investigation of the Knowledge Level of Hospital Managers About Strategic Management Tools and Their Use

Objectives: Effective and efficient implementation of all elements of strategic management is important for health organizations to achieve their future goals. This study aims to examine the knowledge levels of hospital managers about strategic management tools, their usage of these tools, and the priorities and needs in tool selection. Materials and Methods: The population of the study is the managers working in private hospitals in Antalya Province. 90 managers constitute the sample of the study. The data were collected by face-to-face questionnaire method. The questionnaire includes sociodemographic characteristics form and statements to measure the level of knowledge and use of strategic management tools. Mann Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied to examine the differences between groups, and Spearman Correlation Analysis was applied to examine the relationships between variables. SPSS.25 Package Program was used to analyze the data obtained. Statistical significance was accepted at 0.05 level. Results: 59% of the participants were female, 63% had a bachelor's degree, and the majority (41%) were middle managers. Those who did not receive managerial training and strategic management training were the majority (54% and 71%, respectively). When the knowledge level of the managers about strategic management tools was analyzed, mission and vision (98.9%) received the highest score, and value chain analysis (73.3%) received the lowest score. It was observed that the priorities of the administrators in the selection of strategic management tools were different between the groups according to gender, level of education, and type of school graduated from. In addition, statistically significant relationships were found between the priorities in the selection of strategic management tools and age, professional experience and years of working in the organization. Conclusion: Managers have limited knowledge and use of strategic management tools and there are differences in the selection of strategic management tools according to their sociodemographic status.

Holistic Approach to Strategic Management in Islamic Education

This study aims to analyze the strategic management of Islamic education through the process of formulation, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. The methodology used is qualitative research with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis. The results of the study indicate that the process of formulating strategies in Islamic education involves identifying clear visions, missions, and objectives, as well as analyzing the internal and external environment. Implementation of strategies is carried out through the preparation of work programs, allocating resources, and developing appropriate curriculum. Monitoring and evaluation are carried out periodically to ensure the achievement of objectives and make improvements if necessary. The conclusion of this study is that effective strategic management in Islamic education requires careful planning, consistent implementation, and continuous evaluation. The recommendations given include: (1) strengthening the managerial capacity of Islamic education leaders, (2) increasing stakeholder participation in the planning and evaluation process, and (3) developing a management information system that supports appropriate decision making

Analisis Aspek-Aspek Keberhasilan Pembelajaran di Indonesia: Ditinjau dari Studi Observasi

The importance of this research lies in its contribution to the development of educational policy, the formulation of more effective teaching strategies, and the provision of direction to educational practitioners. By better understanding the factors that influence learning success, it is hoped that this research can become a valuable guide in improving the quality of education in Indonesia so that it meets global demands and prepares future generations optimally. Observational analysis research is a research approach in which researchers make direct observations of certain phenomena or events to gain a deeper understanding. In this context, "observational analysis" refers to the process of analyzing data obtained through direct observation. This method is usually used to explore in-depth information about behavior, interactions, or certain situations in the natural environment. Observational analysis research is often adopted in the fields of psychology, sociology, anthropology and education (Moleong, 2010). Based on the description of the research background related to the analysis of aspects of successful learning in Indonesia through observational studies, it can be concluded that education in Indonesia faces complex and diverse challenges. Several obstacles, such as regional disparities, varying teacher quality, access to technology, and the role of parents in education, provide a context that requires serious attention.

Reproductive biology of fringescale sardinella (Sardinella fimbriata Valenciennes, 1847) from Malampaya Sound, Palawan, Philippines

Reproduction is a fundamental biological process that is essential for the continuous survival of fish species. Understanding their early life history and reproductive biology can explain how the population behave over time. A total of 1,238 fish samples were examined to determine the reproductive patterns and period of fringescale sardinella (Sardinella fimbriata) from Malampaya Sound, Palawan, Philippines. Monthly sampling from April 2023 to March 2024 revealed a 1:1 sex ratio. Gonadal examination of the fish revealed the presence of spawning individuals throughout the study period. The minimum size of matured fish observed was 11.0 cm and 11.1 cm for male and female S. fimbriata, respectively. The peak of spawning was April as indicated by the highest calculated GSI of 7.62% and fecundity of 18,465. A smaller peak was again observed in the month of September. The length at maturity was estimated to be 11.4 and 8.8 cm for males and females, respectively. Fecundity ranged between 2,700 to 36,067 eggs per spawn for size class between 11.1-14.8 cm and weight 13.07-31.93 g. Regression analysis between fecundity and morphometric characteristics such as body length, weight, eviscerated weight, and gonad weight revealed a positive correlation. Very low coefficients of determination were computed, ranging between 0.0028-0.1233. A significant association between fecundity and the morphometric variable gonadal weight was observed, as shown by the p-value of 0.0000. These outcomes are valuable data in the formulation of conservation and management strategies for the area. Implementation of appropriate conservation measures, monitoring of environmental parameters, strict enforcement of fishery regulation, coupled with increased environmental awareness and community participation will guarantee the long-term sustainability of the fringescale sardinella population and the preservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in Malampaya Sound.

A systematic review of the financial issues of higher education institutions (HEIs) and possible strategies to cope with them

The field of higher education has not only been for elites since the last three decades. It has also included the general masses in it. That’s why the transformation of the socio-economic status and general awareness in the present age owes to higher education. On the other hand, challenges have also emerged and set conditions on the path to sustainability. Thus, higher education has faced problems, especially financial problems. These issues further give birth to some other issues. This study is an attempt to understand the issues caused by financial issues. The study also aimed to propose strategies to deal with these issues. Based on the systematic literature review, the problems have been categorized as lack of internet, digitalization, and online teaching; underdeveloped infrastructure for STEAM; lack of priorities; and quality issues. These findings create hurdles in achieving the quality of HEIs. To cope with these issues, clear policy and setting priorities were proposed as the top most important strategies to bring about quality and achieve HEIs’ organizational objectives. It can be concluded that HEIs need appropriate strategic and financial managers and administrators who can align their strategy with the vision and mission of the institutions.

Territorial health inequalities in breast cancer mortality across France from 1968 to 2017

Abstract Background Territorial health inequalities are of growing concern in countries with universal health systems. From 2003, three successive national cancer plans were launched in France, aiming to improve prevention and treatment. Regions in France are responsible for strategic and financial management of healthcare within their boundaries, which, until 2016, included up to 8 departments. In this study, we analyze the evolution of between and within-region territorial inequalities in breast cancer mortality over 50 years. Methods We used direct and indirect standardization to analyze trends in breast cancer mortality for women aged 25 to 74 years between 1968 and 2017 in each department of metropolitan France. We analyzed the evolution of relative inequalities over time using standard errors of age-adjusted rates. We used multilevel Poisson regression to estimate how much the regional level contributed to territorial variation. Results Over the period 1968 to 1992, breast cancer standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) increased (+16%) while relative territorial inequalities decreased (-21%). After 1997, SMRs decreased (-23%) but territorial inequalities remained unchanged. In 18 out of 22 regions, inequalities were lower at the end than at the start of the study period. Period proved to be the most important determinant of variation in mortality. However, multilevel models also suggested that the regional level explained most of the remaining variation in each period (from 50% to over 80%). Conclusions Over the study period in most French regions, breast cancer mortality has decreased, and so have relative inequalities. Nevertheless, there is evidence that regions have performed differently. The proportion of variation explained by the regional level suggests the continued relevance of the health system on breast cancer mortality. Key messages • Territorial inequality in breast cancer mortality has decreased in France over the 1968-2017 period. • In most regions, disparities between departments have decreased.

Talent Management in the Era of Digital Transformation: Challenges and Prospects

This article explores the intricate landscape of talent management in the context of digital transformation, highlighting the associated challenges and prospects that organizations face. Utilizing a qualitative approach, the study employs a comprehensive literature review and library research to synthesize existing knowledge on the evolving role of talent management in a rapidly changing digital environment. The findings reveal that digital transformation significantly impacts recruitment, retention, and development strategies, necessitating a shift in traditional talent management practices. Organizations must adapt to technological advancements and changing workforce expectations, embracing new tools and methodologies to effectively engage and develop talent. Key challenges identified include the skills gap, resistance to change, and the need for continuous learning and development. Conversely, the prospects for enhancing employee engagement and fostering innovation through strategic talent management practices are promising. The study concludes that organizations must adopt a proactive and adaptive approach to talent management, ensuring alignment with digital transformation initiatives to achieve sustained competitive advantage. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on talent management by providing valuable insights into the interplay between digital transformation and effective talent strategies, offering practical recommendations for practitioners and scholars alike.

Coupling Coordination Relationships Between Ecosystems and Economic Development in Qinghai and Tibet

The coordinated development of ecological protection and socioeconomics in the Tibetan Plateau is of great significance. This study examines the coupling coordination of urban ecosystems and economic development across 15 municipal administrative units in Qinghai Province and the Tibet Autonomous Region, the core areas of the Tibetan Plateau. The findings reveal that a larger proportion of the Qinghai and Tibet ecosystems are classified above the medium vulnerability level, primarily due to inherent natural geographic conditions. Additionally, the area of the two provinces and regions below the medium development level is larger, which is mainly influenced by indicators of economic strength and industrial structure. The degree of coupling coordination between the ecosystem and economic system in Qinghai and Tibet is predominantly driven by economic factors. Given the existing natural environmental conditions, the eastern regions of Qinghai and Tibet still possess certain development potential, while the economic development in the western areas is somewhat constrained by the natural environment. Based on this, further policy recommendations have been proposed to adjust and upgrade the industrial structure, aligning ecological protection with economic development in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. These recommendations aim to facilitate the formulation of strategies and policies for sustainable urban construction and social development in such high-ecological-value regions as the Tibetan Plateau.

The mediating role of HRM outcomes in the relationship between employee development and company performance results: A study with a sustainable HRM perspective on central European MNCs

AbstractThe main goal of the article is to determine the mediating role of human resources management (HRM) outcomes in the relationships between employee development (ED) and company performance results and to establish whether there are any identifiable regularities in this scope in the pre‐pandemic and pandemic period of COVID‐19, the latter being understood as a crisis period, in the headquarters (HQs) and foreign subsidiaries of multinational companies (MNCs). Additionally, the article aims to undertake an interpretation of the obtained research data from the perspective of sustainable HRM. The empirical research encompassed 200 MNCs with headquarters in Central Europe. The research encompassed 200 MNCs headquartered in Central Europe. For statistical analysis, the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling was used. The results indicate that HRM outcomes serve as a positive intermediary and this mediation is stronger in crisis times. The findings enrich both theory and practice, providing a solid framework for incorporating sustainable HRM into organizational strategic management, including ED, especially in MNCs, to boost performance and resilience. An innovative aspect is the application of employee key performance indicators as the efficiency index to study variable effects.

Optimizing Colorectal Screening in Portugal with Process Mining

Abstract Background Efficient healthcare screening programs management influences patient outcomes. Process mining has emerged as a powerful tool to enhance these programs by refining complex workflows and pinpointing operational deviations. Objectives This study utilizes process mining techniques to analyze the colorectal cancer screening program in Northern Portugal, focusing on detecting deviations and performance bottlenecks in process models. Methods This screening program started in March 2018, but process mining was only used on data posterior to 2020. Over 1 million case observations from administrative data were included in the process model analysis, involving more than six key process activities and numerous resources. We used new software and statistical tools for process mining to rapidly compute observations and filter for different operational needs and monitor interventions. Results The discovery analysis identified deviations, such as unexpected performance issues and irregular activity sequences. Although over 100 traces were identified, fewer than five traces accounted for more than 90% of all case paths, indicating the most common traces that have a true impact in participation rates, referral rates, and treatment rates. Notable differences in resource performance during specific periods, such as COVID-19 or seasonal events, were also observed. These findings provided insights for adjusting resource allocation and improving coordination, with impact in minimizing seasonal phenomena or peak production periods. Lessons Process mining offers actionable insights for effective health program coordination, enabling the monitoring and timely response to process deviations. With key areas for action identified in a more timely and precise manner, we can enhance efficiency, and expand population coverage and treatment referral. Future initiatives will focus on further process optimization and national coverage expansion using these management tools. Key messages • Process mining revolutionizes healthcare by enabling the strategic management of complex oncological screening program workflows. • Comprehensive data analysis across the patient pathway enhances program efficiency and expands treatment access.

Implementation of Strategic Human Resource Management Practices: A Review of the Organisational Performance and New Research Paths

This study aims to discover new avenues for research in the field of Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) by investigating the effects of SHRM practices on organizational performance. This study investigates how well HR policies and procedures mesh with overarching company objectives by means of a quantitative methodology and an exhaustive literature analysis. Quantitative data will be gathered through structured surveys aimed at 500 HR managers and executives from different industries. The purpose of these surveys is to measure the implementation and outcomes of SHRM practices. A systematic review of the existing literature will also be conducted to synthesize current knowledge and identify research gaps. In addition to discussing new trends like technology, globalization, sustainability, employee happiness, and agile work methods, important results show that SHRM improves financial performance, employee engagement, and competitive advantage. This study seeks to contribute to the understanding of SHRM and its crucial role in improving organizational resilience and performance by pointing out major research gaps and offering future approaches.

From Local Markets to Global Success: A Case Study on Scaling and Innovating in the Food Manufacturing Company

This paper aims to analyze the development process of a famous food manufacturing company that started only in local farmer markets aiming at snacks and agricultural products. Looking back at the different fiscal years, the company has acquired numerous accomplishments, hence attributing it to a strong focus on quality and innovation. There are several serious issues that a company faces while the strategies revealed above are to establish and consolidate a position in the rapidly growing food manufacturing industry. Some of these are the challenges of globalization, diversification of product portfolio, sustaining innovation, and building a strong and easily identifiable brand. In this paper analyzing the specifics of the company’s development, its strategic directions, and defining the major issues and problem-solving approaches in responding to these complex challenges a certain group of questions will be highlighted. The paper discusses the factors that have facilitated the effectiveness of its strategic management concerning the achievement of the firm’s goals and sustained growth amidst challenges. From the examination of the company’s strategic choices, operating changes, and patterns of analyzing the market environment, this study has gone a long way in establishing the key dynamics underlying operation scaling within the food manufacturing industry. The lessons from this case suggest that to sustain a commitment and build a highly competitive mass-market business over time there is a need for flexibility, creativity, and vision.

Does Strategy Formulation Process Matter on Human Resource Strategy Outcome?

This article explores the way in which human resource strategies come into being. Using modes of strategy formulation process three hypotheses are established. A cross-sectional research design was adopted. Data was collected using Structure questionnaires while multiple regression analysis was performed to test for a number of hypothesized relationships. Findings shows that rational and adaptive human resource strategy formulation processes explain significant variation in human resource strategy outcome while interactive human resource strategy has no significant relationship with human resource strategy outcome. The contribution of this study to knowledge is that HR strategy formulation process that involves inputs from multiple stake holders has a significant effect on strategy outcome of human resource strategies hence a source of competitive advantage. More importantly, this article found that there is a problem of inability to formulate human resource strategies in the public sector. Therefore the study recommends that State corporations should adopt interactive HR strategy formulation process to facilitate formulation and implementation of HR strategies in their organizations.