Strain Rate Change Research Articles

Shakedown analysis of recycled materials as railway capping layer under cyclic loading

The permanent deformation behavior of granular materials governs the overall performance of railway track substructures. This article evaluates the cyclic behavior of construction and demolition (C&D) aggregates, namely recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) and crushed brick (CB) blended with recovered plastic (RP) as railway capping layer materials. The response of C&D/RP blends was evaluated under multistage cyclic loading using the shakedown theory. The accumulation of permanent strain, variation of resilient modulus, and changes in permanent strain rate were assessed to classify the performance of the recycled blends. The inclusion of RP in C&D materials was found to compromise the stiffness characteristics of the recycled blends. However, all the C&D/RP blends had similar or lower permanent strain than that of the conventional materials. Conversely, the energy dissipation of the recycled blends was found to increase when the RP content was increased. Thus, C&D/RP blends can be introduced as sustainable energy-absorbing geomaterials.

Strength variations of the Australian continent: Effects of temperature, strain rate, and rheological changes

The Australian continent is composed of several geologic provinces, showing a general age progression from Archean in the west to Phanerozoic in the east. The lithospheric heterogeneity and complex tectonic history of this region make it a key area for studying the thermal and rheological structure of the geological provinces and testing the influence of different conditions, such as temperature, rheology, and strain rate on the plate strength. In a previous study, temperature and compositional variations of the Australian upper mantle have been determined based on a joint interpretation of the seismic tomography and gravity data. In this study, we further implement a thermal model of the crust, based on available surface heat flow data from regional and global database. The crustal and upper mantle thermal models show different anomalies distribution, indicating a significant variation of the thermal conditions with depth. The new thermal models are used to estimate strength and effective elastic thickness ( Te ) distribution in the lithosphere. For this aim, we assigned the rheology of the crust based on the seismic velocities provided by the AuSREM model and used the strain rate values obtained from a global mantle flow model, constrained by seismic and gravity data. The maximal strength and Te are found in the West Australian Craton, on account of the low temperatures in the lithospheric mantle. We found that locations of the intraplate earthquakes attend to sharp changes in the lithospheric strength. Comparison of the results with those obtained for uniform rheology and strain rate, indicate that in the Officer basin the variations of the crustal rheology enhance the effect of temperature changes, while in the Yilgarn craton they reduce it. On the other hand, the lower values of the strain rate in the cratons than in the Phanerozoic regions influence the strength/ Te in the opposite way with respect to temperatures. Integrated strength (Pa m) and strength (Pa) variations along three cross-sections. Horizontal and vertical axes of the cross-sections display the distance and depth (both in km), respectively. (a) Integrated strength of the lithosphere. The three black lines show the location of the cross-sections; (b) Integrated strength of the crust. White circles show the earthquakes location, occurred from 1990 to present-day, with moment magnitudes (Mw) >2.5, taken from the USGS seismic catalogue ( https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/search/ ); (c) Integrated strength of the mantle lithosphere; (d) Percentage of crustal strength; (e) Strength variations along three cross-sections (A-A′, B-B′, and C-C′, respectively). • A crustal themal and rheological model of the Australian continent is set up. • Crustal thermal anomalies correlate with surface heat flow variations. • Upper mantle thermal anomalies correlate with age of the tectonic features. • The strength distribution is strongly influenced by the temperature variations.

Model for Stress and M & Strain Rate in Superplastic Deformation of TiAl

The superplastic behavior is modeled to analyze the phenomenon of plasticity through changing strain rate to stress and m as to K & n? ? ?. Through observing the curve of stress s then 1.5E-1 and 1.25E-2; then 1.25E-4 and 1.65E-5; at last 1.25E-2 and 1.65E-3.

Investigations of Strain Rate Effects on the Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Composite Laminate Under Varying Temperatures

The mechanical behavior of hybrid composite laminates under varying strain rates and temperatures was investigated in this study. The hybrid composite laminate is constituted as a sequential stacking sequence of plain-woven carbon-fiber-reinforced epoxy (CFRE) and plain-woven glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy (GFRE) laminates. Vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process was used to fabricate the composite laminates. Hybrid composite laminates (HCGFRE) were tested under four different strain rates (0.05 min−1, 0.5 min−1, 2.5 min−1, 5 min−1) and three different temperatures (RT, 60 °C, 100 °C). Microstructure analysis was performed to observe the voids, fiber delamination and matrix failure occurring in the composite laminate. In numerical analyses, continuum damage mechanics material model (MAT 58) was utilized in LS-DYNA® explicit finite element program to simulate the mechanical properties of CFRE, GFRE and HCGFRE laminates. It was determined that the tensile strength of all composite laminates is increasing by increasing the strain rates in all temperatures. The continuous damage mechanics material model (MAT 58) was found to be suitable for simulating woven composite laminate under different strain rates and temperatures. In microstructural study, it was not observed significant changes in the microstructure of composite laminates by changing strain rates.

High strain rate studies for different laminate configurations of bi-directional glass/epoxy and carbon/epoxy composites using DIC

The strain rate dependence of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites was experimentally characterized over the range of strain rates (1.6 × 10−3–542 s−1) by performing a series of tensile tests on (0/90), (0/90/30/−60), (0/90/45/−45) and (30/−60/60/−30) laminate specimens. The Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique was employed by using a high-speed camera to measure the displacement field in-situ on a specimen surface and the results were coupled to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) examinations. The experimental results were validated and strain rate parameters were estimated using the Cowper-Symonds model. These parameters will be useful for designers to validate numerical simulations with experimental values for accurate simulation of the structural performances. The results indicate that the tensile strength and modulus increase and the percent of failure strain decreases for both GFRP and CFRP composites of all lay-up sequences, with the change in strain rate from quasi-static to 542 s−1. The strain rate effect was found to be more for all laminate configurations of GFRP composites than CFRP composites. For the same lay-ups of GFRP and CFRP composites, the recorded tensile strength and modulus are higher and the failure strain is lower for CFRP composites than GFRP composites. In both GFRP and CFRP composites, the (0/90/45/−45) laminates have more strain rate sensitivity compared to the laminates of other orientations.

Effect of Strain Rate on the Formation of Strain-Induced Martensite in AISI 304L Stainless Steel

The effect of strain rate on the stress–strain response and the austenite to strain-induced α′-martensite transformation of austenitic steel 304L was studied. Compression tests were carried out at room temperature in the strain rate range of 10−3 to 103 s−1 and the evolution of martensite was quantified using a ferritoscope. Higher strain rates resulted in lower strain-induced α′-martensite. Strain incremental tests were carried out at 1 s−1 to simulate isothermal tests and to delineate effect of adiabatic heating on the α′-martensite transformation. Strain rate change tests were also carried out to determine the effect of prior strain rate history on the strain-induced α′-martensite content. These experiments showed that apart from the effect of adiabatic heating at high strain rates on the α′-martensite content, there is an additional effect of strain rate. While the adiabatic heating effect could be based on the increase in stacking fault energy (reduction of stacking fault width) with temperature, the additional effect due to strain rate was explained based on the expected reduction in stacking fault width with increasing strain rate.

Experimental investigation and numerical modelling of 3D printed polyamide 12 with viscoplasticity and a crack model at different strain rates

This contribution presents an investigation of strain rate dependent behaviour for selective laser sintered polyamide 12. Two different cases are considered: a strain rate change within tensile loading and a relaxation test incorporating a strain rate change after each holding time section. For the simulation of material behaviour the material model of Bodner-Partom and Chaboche were used. The damage behaviour was considered by the Lemaitre crack model. Thereby it was determined which numerical model is more suitable to reproduce the strain rate-dependent behaviour. Tensile and relaxation tests at constant speeds served as the basis for these investigations.

Constitutive Equations for Describing the Hot Compressed Behavior of TC4-DT Titanium Alloy.

Isothermal hot compression tests of TC4–DT titanium alloy were performed under temperatures of 1203–1293 K and strain rates of 0.001–10 s−1. The purpose of this study is to develop a new high-precision modified constitutive model that can describe the deformation behavior of TC4–DT titanium alloy. Both the modified strain-compensated Arrhenius-type equation and the modified Hensel–Spittel equation were established by revising the strain rate. The parameters in the above two modified constitutive equation were solved by combining regression analysis with iterative methods, which was used instead on the traditional linear regression methods. In addition, both the original strain-compensated Arrhenius-type equation and Hensel–Spittel equation were established to compare with the new modified constitutive equations. A comparison of the predicted values based on the four constitutive equations was performed via relative error, average absolute relative error (AARE) and the correlation coefficient (R). These results show the modified Arrhenius-type equation and the modified Hensel–Spittel equation is more accurate and efficient with a similar prediction accuracy. The AARE-value of the two modified constitutive equation is relatively low under various strain rates and their fluctuation is small as the strain rate changes.

Effect of Strain Rate on the Hot Ductility Behavior of a Continuously Cast Ti–Nb Microalloyed Steel

During the continuous casting process, alloys may be more susceptible to crack initiation under some conditions due to lower ductility. A Ti–Nb microalloyed steel is subjected to in situ melted hot tensile tests to evaluate its hot ductility behavior. The ductility is examined at different strain rates and temperatures. The samples are heated with an induction coil to the melting temperature in a vacuum atmosphere. Afterward, they are cooled to the desired test temperatures. Hot tensile tests are conducted by a thermomechanical simulator with strain rates varying from 10−5 to 10−2 s−1. The results show a ductility minimum around 800 °C for the standard strain rate of 10−3 s−1 and a significant influence of the changes in strain rate in the behavior of the alloy for all the tested temperatures. The fracture surfaces are compared for 700, 800, and 900 °C at 10−4, 10−3, and 10−2 s−1, as well as the microstructure. Computer simulations are done for the determination of the transformation temperatures, Scheil–Gulliver solidification simulation, and analysis of the precipitation kinetics during the tests. The results from simulations are discussed in comparison with the ones seen experimentally.

Assessment of myocardial viability using echocardiographic strain imaging in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: comparison with cardiac PET imaging.

A speckle tracking echocardiographic (STE) strain imaging can predict myocardial viability. The study compared the STE strain imaging using low-dose dobutamine stress with 18fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomographic (18FDG-PET) imaging for the detection of myocardium viability. We studied 57 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) having angiographic evidence of total arterial cut off and akinetic myocardium. These patients underwent low-dose dobutamine echocardiography and 18FDG-PET imaging. The STE was used to measure the peak systolic longitudinal and circumferential strain and strain rate at rest and after low-dose dobutamine stress. A total of 298 akinetic segments were evaluated. The viable myocardium showed an increased strain and strain rate values following the dobutamine stress in comparison to the nonviable myocardium. The peak longitudinal strain rate [AUC 0.83 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.67-0.99], p = 0.001; optimal cutoff - 0.64s-1 for sensitivity 0.87 and specificity 0.81), post-dobutamine peak longitudinal strain rate [AUC 0.94 (95% CI 0.87-1.00), p = 0.001; optimal cutoff - 0.85s-1 for sensitivity 0.89 and specificity 0.77), change in peak longitudinal strain rate [AUC 0.93 (95% CI 0.86-1), p = 0.001; optimal cutoff - 0.2s-1 for sensitivity 0.87 and specificity 0.87] predicted viability. The post-dobutamine peak circumferential strain rate [AUC 0.92 (95% CI 0.81-1.0), p = 0.001; optimal cutoff - 1.1s-1 for sensitivity and specificity 0.86], were predictor of viability. Both resting and post-dobutamine longitudinal and circumferential strain rate had better accuracy for the prediction of viability. The resting and post-dobutamine stress STE strain and strain rate parameters can assess the viability in akinetic segments.

Investigation of Density- and Strain Rate-dependent Strain Hardening-softening-coupled material Behavior of Polyurethane Foams using Elasto-viscoplastic Constitutive Model

Polyurethane foam (PUF) is one of the most well-known cellular materials and is widely employed in various industrial and biomedical fields thanks to its many advantages. These include mechanical and material characteristics such as low density and thermal conductivity, and high specific elastic modulus and strength. Despite of these advantages, the PUF has extremely complex material nonlinearity, with changes in density and strain rate, which is a major obstacle to material design and the application of PUF-based structures. PUF has elasto-viscoplastic behavior including three stages of material features, linear elasticity, softening/plateau with stress drop and densification. These phenomena depend strongly on strain rate and density. Therefore, in this study, a phenomenological constitutive model, namely, an elasto-viscoplastic model, was proposed to describe the density- and strain rate-dependent material nonlinear behavior of PUF. The yield surface-independent plastic multiplier, and the hardening- and softening-associated internal state variables proposed by Frank and Brockman, and Zairi et al. were adopted in the constitutive model, respectively. The proposed constitutive model was discretized using the implicit time integration algorithm and was implemented into a user-defined subroutine of the commercial finite element analysis program, ABAQUS. At the same time, a deterministic identification method for material parameters of the constitutive model was introduced to predict the precise material response of PUF under arbitrary densities and strain rates. To do this, the three-dimensional constitutive model was contracted to a one-dimensional equation, and the explicit equation for each material parameter was derived. Then, the strain hardening- and softeningdependent material parameters were calculated using experimental results, such as the work hardening ratestress curve and the yield stress-strain rate curve. After analyzing the obtained material parameters, it was found that the material parameters were strongly dependent on the density and the strain rate. Consequently, the macroscopic material response of PUF, such as a uniaxial compressive stress-strain curve, can be predicted based on the proposed method in this study.

A randomized, open-label, active comparator trial assessing the effects of 26 weeks of liraglutide or sitagliptin on cardiovascular function in young obese adults with type 2 diabetes.

To compare the effects of a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist and a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor on magnetic resonance imaging-derived measures of cardiovascular function. In a prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded endpoint trial liraglutide (1.8 mg) and sitagliptin (100 mg) were compared in asymptomatic, non-insulin treated young (aged 18-50 years) adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes. The primary outcome was difference in circumferential peak early diastolic strain rate change (PEDSR), a biomarker of cardiac diastolic dysfunction 26 weeks after randomization. Secondary outcomes included other indices of cardiac structure and function, HbA1c and body weight. Seventy-six participants were randomized (54% female, mean ± SD age 44 ± 6 years, diabetes duration 4.4 years, body mass index 35.3 ± 6.1 kg m-2 ), of whom 65% had ≥1 cardiovascular risk factor. Sixty-one participants had primary outcome data available. There were no statistically significant between-group differences (intention-to-treat; mean [95% confidence interval]) in PEDSR change (-0.01 [-0.07, +0.06] s-1 ), left ventricular ejection fraction (-1.98 [-4.90, +0.94]%), left ventricular mass (+1.14 [-5.23, +7.50] g) or aortic distensibility (-0.35 [-0.98, +0.28] mmHg-1 × 10-3 ) after 26 weeks. Reductions in HbA1c (-4.57 [-9.10, -0.37] mmol mol-1 ) and body weight (-3.88 [-5.74, -2.01] kg) were greater with liraglutide. There were no differences in cardiovascular structure or function after short-term use of liraglutide and sitagliptin in younger adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Longer studies in patients with more severe cardiac dysfunction may be necessary before definitive conclusions can be made about putative pleiotropic properties of incretin-based therapies.

Global longitudinal reference ranges for fetal myocardial deformation in the second half of pregnancy.

To construct longitudinal fetal reference ranges for global longitudinal myocardial deformation (strain and strain rate) of the left and right ventricles in the second half of pregnancy. A prospective, observational, longitudinal study of 120 women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies. The participants underwent ultrasonographic scans every 4 weeks from enrolment (18-28 weeks) until delivery. Strain and strain rate were measured at each examination using velocity vector imaging. Changes in strain and strain rate as functions of gestational age (GA) were modeled using Bayesian mixed effects models. A total of 406 assessments of global longitudinal strain and strain rate were performed for 120 women. Global longitudinal strain and strain rate decreased with increasing GA in the left ventricle. There was, however, no change in strain measurements of the right ventricle over the same gestational time frame. Posterior predictive distributions were used to derive reference centiles for each week of GA. Assessment of myocardial deformation of the fetal heart is easily performed and may be useful for quantitative assessment of heart function, particularly in fetuses at risk of cardiac dysfunction.

Speckle tracking echocardiography could detect the difference of pressure overload-induced myocardial remodelling between young and adult rats.

The assessment by speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) provides useful information on regional and global left ventricular (LV) functions. The aim of the study is to investigate if STE-based strain analysis could detect the difference of pressure overload-induced myocardial remodelling between young and adult rats. Physiological, haemodynamic, histological measurements were performed post-operatively in young and adult rats with transverse aortic constriction (TAC) as well as the age-matched shams. Two-way ANOVA was used to detect the statistical difference of various measured parameters. Pressure overload decreased the ejection fraction, fractional shortening, dp/dtmax and , but increased the LV end-diastolic (ED) pressure in adult rat hearts for nine weeks after TAC operation than those in young rat hearts. Pressure overload also resulted in different changes of peak strain and strain rate in the free wall, but similar changes in the interventricular septum of young and adult rat hearts. The changes in myocardial remodelling were confirmed by the histological analysis including the increased apoptosis rate of myocytes and collagen area ratio in the free wall of adult rat hearts of LV hypertrophy when compared with the young. Pressure overload alters myocardial components in different degrees between young and adult animals. STE-based strain analysis could detect the subtle difference of pressure overload-induced myocardial remodelling between young and adult rats.

EXPERIMENTAL ESTIMATION OF MAXIMAL DUCTILITY AND FLOW CURVES OF TITANIUM ALLOYS WITH HOT-TORSION TESTS

Purpose. The purpose of this work is to clarify the temperature-deformation modes of pressing pipes of titanium alloys (VT1-0, PT-7M, VT-14, VT-15, TS-5 and TS-6) and to determine the regression coefficients of the Hansel-Spittel equation by investigating plasticity and the deformation resistance during hot rotation of the specimens.Methodology. Studies on torsion were performed on a torsion test machine with a horizontal electronic force meter, with a maximum torque of 100 H × m, temperature. The maximum temperature of the test specimens was 1250 °C. Active capture of the test machine has a smooth rotation control from 5 to 200 rpm. Applying specimens with different aspect ratio to the length of the workpiece obtained a range of change of strain rates from 0.25 to 20 с-1.Findings. The main results of the study should be considered experimentally determined curves of the torque dependence on the angle of rotation of the sample to change the resistance of deformation of the metal, which allowed to clarify the temperature interval of maximum ductility during pressure treatment for alloys VT1-0, PT-7M, VT-14, VT-15, TS-5 and TS-6. Based on the data obtained on the deformation resistance, the coefficients of the Hansel-Spittel equation, which can be used to quantify the resulting stress in numerical simulation using the finite element method, have been statistically calculated.Originality. The data on experimentally determined regularities of influence of temperature-deformation modes of torsion on the change of the value of deformation resistance, which is characteristic of conditions of hot pressing of pipes, have been further developed. This allows to predict the power parameters of the deformation process, as well as to select the press equipment and improve the productivity of the press line.Practical implications. Studies on torsion have allowed to determine rational temperature-speed parameters of the process of pressing pipes from titanium alloys VT1-0, PT-7M, VT-14, VT-15, TS-5 and TS-6, for capacities of Ukrainian enterprises.

Further Analysis of Dynamic Strain Aging in Context of an Internal State Variable Constitutive Formalism

Observations and analyses of dynamic strain aging in several metals are revisited. Common experimental trends are reviewed. A model of transport of solutes to a dislocation core is presented and predictions of the model are compared to experimental observations. A key element of the analysis is the influence of strain aging on the rate of structure evolution. The evidence presented here, based on strain-rate change measurements performed by Mulford and Kocks in Inconel 600, is that indeed the predominant effect of strain aging is to influence the rate of structure evolution. Estimates are presented for the rate of structure evolution and the extent of transport of solutes to the dislocation core in Inconel 600. While intriguing trends in hardening are observed, no fundamental insight is presented for the mechanism that contributes to the increased rate of structure evolution during strain aging.

Mechanical behavior of long-term neutron-irradiated Al-Mg-Si alloy under compression

The mechanical behavior of Al-Mg-Si alloy after long-term neutron irradiation (i.e. LT21 aluminum alloy served in the reactor for nearly 30 years) under compression loading with different temperature and strain rates is experimentally studied using material test system and split Hopkinson pressure bar. The effects of temperature and strain rate on its yield strength and flow stress are obtained. The results show that the material exhibits obvious temperature effect within a temperature rang from −40 ℃ to 300 ℃ and positive strain rate effect in a strain rate rang from 0.001 to 3 000 s−1, respectively. At a lower temperature range (from −80 to −40 ℃) and higher strain rates (from 3 000 to 5 000 s−1), the mechanical properties are insensitive to changes in temperature and strain rate. When the temperature reaches 300 ℃, the plastic deformation behavior of the material tends to ideal plastic flow. Based on the above experimental results, a modified Zerilli-Armstrong constitutive model considering irradiation damage is established by taking into account the effect of microscale irradiation defects on the mechanical properties of materials. The Zerilli-Armstrong model predictions are in good agreement with the experimental results. Furthermore, the yield strength of LT21 aluminum alloy with different fast neutron irradiation doses and the yield strength of another two samples obtained from different irradiated regions within the reactor at different strain rates and temperature are calculated by reference to the evolution of microscale irradiation defects of high purity aluminum. The above research shows that the Zerilli-Armstrong constitutive equation considering radiation damage established in this paper can not only establish the relationship between macroscale stress and strain, strain rate and temperature of the Al-Mg-Si alloy after long-term neutron irradiation, but also describe the dislocation motion and the mechanism of irradiation hardening. It can provide reference for the design, operation and safety evaluation of the corresponding structural elements in the nuclear reactor.

Analysis of Hot Anisotropic Tensile Flow Stress and Strain Hardening Behavior for Inconel 625 Alloy

In this study, hot deformation behavior of Inconel 625 alloy has been investigated from room temperature to 700 °C at an interval of 100 °C with slow strain rates (0.0001-0.1 s−1). Flow stress behavior is significantly influenced by temperature and strain rate changes. Dynamics strain aging behavior has been reported from 300 to 700 °C. Various mechanical properties, namely tensile strength, % elongation, strain rate sensitivity and strain hardening capacity (Hc), have been studied over wide range of temperatures and strain rates. Hc values remarkably improved at higher temperatures which indicate an excellent combination of strength and ductility. Additionally, various anisotropic material parameters, namely Lankford coefficient, normal, planer and in-plane anisotropy and anisotropic index, were evaluated. Furthermore, hardening behavior of Inconel 625 alloy has been analyzed by various flow stress equations like Hollomon, Ludwik, Swift and Voce. Two-stage strain hardening behavior has been noticed at all temperatures. Ludwik and Swift equations represent poor prediction capability at lower strain region. Based on statistical parameter comparison, Voce equation prediction capability is found best in agreement with both strain regions. Finally, the fracture morphology of post-tensile specimens has been studied, indicating ductile–brittle fracture with dimples.

Numerical Study and Multi-objective Optimization of an Energy Absorbing Connector with Curved Plate and Aluminum Foam

This paper presents numerical works and multi-objective optimization of the energy absorbing connectors which was employed to dissipate blast/impact energy through curved plates and aluminum foam. Finite element models of the energy absorbing connectors under dynamic crushing load were established and validated with the impact loading tests. Then, the parametric studies were conducted to reveal the influences of crushing velocity, angle θ, curved plate thickness as well as length and height of aluminum foam on the energy absorbing characteristics. Increasing crushing velocity was shown to improve the absorbed energy of the connector owing to the strain rate enhancement and change of deformation mode. In addition, the absorbed energy could also be increased via increasing curve plate thickness, length and height of aluminum foam as well as decreasing angle θ. The multi-objective optimization was conducted by employing the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II. It was noted that the specific energy absorption and peak crushing force were conflicting with each other.

SEISMIC STRAIN MAP IN MALAYSIA DERIVED FROM LONG-TERM GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM DATA

Abstract. Series of major earthquakes struck the Sundaland plate as a result of convergence with neighboring plates such as Indian, Australian and Philippine plates. Since then, the Sundaland is experiencing significant crustal deformation that implicate reactivation of local fault and embark question on the status of geohazard and seismic risk. In Malaysia, crustal deformation study by using Global Positioning System (GPS) has been conducted for many years. However, the information of crustal deformation was reported separately and difficult to be archived. In addition, continuous estimation of crustal deformation derived from GPS has to be carried out in order to provide present day seismic status. This study aims at generating a seismic catalog map in Malaysia derived from approximately nine (9) years of GPS data. In this study, derived long-term crustal deformation in the form of coordinate time series (CTS) were converted into yearly strain map. The changes of strain with respect to location of old and active fault line in Malaysia were properly analysed. From the result, the highest changes of strain rate for Peninsular Malaysia happened in 2004 until 2005 and 2012 until 2013 prior to 2004 Acheh earthquake event with the moment magnitude (Mw) and 2012 two strike-slip events in Northern Sumatera with the magnitude of 8.2Mw and 8.6Mw. In North Borneo region, the most significant changes of strain rate happened from 2007 to 2009 and 2011 to 2013. It can be expected that the results will be beneficial in augmenting geohazard mitigation in Malaysia.