Stover Yield Research Articles

Influence of Zinc and Boron Application on Growth and Yield of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the response of boron and its interaction in maximizing the growth and yield performance of French beans. A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P), India. To find out the influence of Zinc and Boron on the growth and yield attributes of French bean. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with ten treatments including control each replicated thrice based on one year of experimentation. The application of Zinc 45 kg/ha-1 + Boron 0.5% @ 15 DAS, recorded significantly higher Plant height (44.00 cm), Plant dry weight (29.31 g/plant). Significantly maximum pods/plant (17.40), Seeds/pod (7.00), Seed index (44.04 g), Seed yield (1.37 t/ha), stover yield (3.21 t/ha) were recorded with the treatment of Zinc 45 kg/ha-1 + Boron 0.5% @ 15 DAS.

Effect of Dates of Sowing on Growth and Yield of Chickpea Varieties

The field experiment was titled “Effect of dates of sowing on growth and yield of Chickpea varieties” was conducted during rabi 2022-23, at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (UP). The soil of the experimental plot was sandy loam in texture. The experiment consists of three varieties (Himmat, Shulabh-45 and Chirag) and three different dates of sowing November 5th, November 15th and November 25th including control i.e., blanket application of 20-60-20 kg/ha of NPK (farmer's practice) which were replicated thrice. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with ten treatments viz., T1: Himmat + November 5, T2: Himmat + November 15, T3: Himmat + November 25, T4: Shulabh-45 + November 5, T5: Shulabh-45 + November 15, T6: Shulabh-45 + November 25, T7: Chirag + November 5, T8: Chirag + November 15, T9: Chirag + November 25, and control plot. The results of the experiment concluded that the variety Shulabh-45 with the date of sowing on November 25th significantly increased the growth parameters viz., plant height (45.54 cm), Number of nodules per plant (31.87), Plant dry weight (20.45 g/plant), and yield parameters viz., pods per plant (35.53), seeds per pod (1.35), seed yield (3.37 t/ha) and stover yield (4.90 t/ha). This treatment also showed its positive effect on economics viz., gross returns (1,71,870 INR/ha), net returns (1,19,475 INR/ha), B:C (2.28).

Influence of Liquid Organic Manure on Growth and Yield of Field Pea

During Rabi season 2022 A field trial was laid at Crop Research Farm (CRF), Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), formerly Allahabad Agricultural Institute, Prayagraj (UP) to study the Influence of liquid organic manure on growth and yield of Field pea. The experiment was arranged as nine treatments replicated thrice in Randomized Block Design. The treatment combination of Jeevamrutha (500 l/ha) + Spraying at interval of 7 days observed maximum plant height (97.87 cm), plant dry weight (31.54 g), number of pods/plant (21.97) and number of seeds/pod (4.95) seed yield (2.88 t/ha), and stover yield (4.91 t/ha) of Field pea as related to other treatments. Highest Gross return (INR 167040.00 /ha), Net return (INR 110640.0 /ha) and B: C ratio (1.96) were observed in treatment combination Jeevamrutha (500 l/ha) + Spraying at interval of 7 days as compared to other treatments.

Influence of Potassium and Spacing on Yield and Economics of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi of 2022-23 at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P.) India. To study the Response of potassium and spacing on growth and yield of Mustard. The treatments consist of potassium 30,40,50 kg/ha and spacing 25 x 10 cm, 35 x 10 cm, and 45 x 10 cm. There were 9 treatments each replicated thrice. The soil of experimental plot was sandy loamy in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.8), low in organic carbon (0.35%) available N (163.42 kg/ha), available P (21.96 kg/ha) and available K (256.48 kg/ha). Results revealed that the significantly higher number of siliqua per plant (276), higher seeds/siliqua (16.54), higher oil content (44.03%), higher seed yield (2.33 t/ha) and higher stover yield (3.53 t/ha) were significantly influenced with application of potassium 50 kg/ha +spacing 45 x 10 cm. Higher gross returns (INR 116616/ha), higher net returns (INR 85013/ha) and higher B:C ratio (2.69) were also recorded in treatment-9 (Potassium 50 kg/ha +Spacing 45 x 10 cm).

Effect of Sulphur and Micronutrient on Growth and Yield of Lentil (Lens culinary is Medik)

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi, 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Departmentof Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P). The treatment consisted of three level of Sulphur (25,35,45 kg/ha) and three level of Micro-nutrient Boron (1 kg/ha), Zinc (4 kg/ha), Molybdenum (0.4 kg/ha) and control. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with ten treatments each replicatd thrice. The soil in the experimental area was sandy loam with pH (8.0), EC (0.56 dS/m), Organic Carbon (0.62%), Available N (225 kg/ha), Available P (38.2 kg/ha), and Available K (240.7 kg/ha). Higher plant height (36.93 cm), number of nodules (16.44) higher dry weight (6.67 g/plant), maximum number of pods/plant (160.33), maximum number of seeds/pod (1.99), higher seed yield (2028.05 kg/ha) and higher stover yield (3540.60 kg/ha). However, the maximum gross return (129245.56 INR/ha), maximum net return (91679.57 INR/ha) and maximum benefit cost ratio (2.44) was obtained with same treatment-9 [Sulphur (45 kg/ha) + Molybdenum (0.4 kg/ha)].

Response of Sulphur and Zinc on Growth and Yield Components of Cluster Bean

Field test carried out during Zaid 2023 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Prayagraj (U.P). The soil in the field was found to be sandy loam, neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.10), natural carbon (0.50%), accessible N (183.40 kg/ha), accessible P (37.56 kg/ha) and accessible K (200.06 kg/ha). The experiment was a randomized block design as the experiment consisting of nine treatments each repeated three times. The treatment combinations are 1: Sulphur 10 kg/ha + Zinc 3 kg/ha, 2: Sulphur 10 kg/ha + Zinc 6 kg/ha, 3: Sulphur 10 kg/ha + Zinc 9 kg/ha, 4: Sulphur 20 kg/ha + Zinc 3 kg/ha, 5: Sulphur 20 kg/ha + Zinc 6 kg/ha, 6: Sulphur 20 kg/ha + Zinc 9 kg/ha, 7: Sulphur 30 kg/ha + Zinc 3 kg/ha, 8: Sulphur 30 kg/ha + Zinc 6 kg/ha, 9: Sulphur 30 kg/ha + Zinc 9 kg/ha, 10: Control 20:40:25 (N:P:K) kg/ha are used. The important findings of the experiment have been summarized and concluded here under the objectives taken. The application of Sulphur 30 kg/ha + Zinc 6 kg/ha, observed maximum Plant height (104.00 cm), highest number of nodules per plant (16.93) Plant dry weight (26.56 g/plant). Maximum pods/plant (41.07), Seeds/pod (10.00), Test weight (4.45g), Seed yield (2.03 t/ha), stover yield (3.98 t/ha), Harvest index (33.76%) were noted with the treatment combination of Sulphur 30 kg/ha + Zinc 6 kg/ha.

Effect of Nitrogen Rates and Foliar Spray of Urea Application and Nano Urea on Yield and Economics of rabi Maize (Zea mays L.)

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P) to study the ”Effect of Nitrogen Rates and Foliar Spray of Urea Application and Nano Urea on Yield and Economics of rabi Maize (Zea mays L.)”effect of three nitrogen rates (50%, 75% and 100% RDN ) and three foliar spray of urea viz 20000 PPM (2%) and nano urea viz 2000 PPM (2 ml/L) and 4000 PPM (4ml/L) application on yield and economics of rabi maize (Zea mays L.). The soil of experimental plot was sandy loam texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.1), low in organic carbon (0.28%), available N (225kg/ha), available P (19.50) kg/ha) and available K (92 kg/ha). The experiment consists of 10 treatment, each being replicated thrice and laid out in Randomized Block Design. The results of present investigation revealed that the highest Grain yield (6.41 t/ha), Stover yield (8.65 t/ha), Harvest Index (42.58), Maximum gross return (INR 1,28266.67), Net return (81,682.75) and B:C ration (1.75) under 100% RDN +4000ppm (4 ml/l) spray of nano urea.

Response of Biofertilizer and Foliar Spray of Boron on Growth and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

A field experiment was carried out at Crop Research Farm, Naini Agriculture Institute, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during Rabi, 2022 on sandy loamy soil. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design, Replicated thrice, consisting of ten treatments i.e., Rhizobium 20 g + Boron 0.25%, Rhizobium 20 g + Boron 0.5%, Rhizobium 20 g + Boron 0.75%, PSB 20 g + Boron - 0.25%, PSB 20 g + Boron - 0.5%, PSB 20 g + Boron – 0.75%, Rhizobium 10 g + PSB 10 g + Boron - 0.25%, Rhizobium 10 g + PSB 10 g + Boron - 0.5%, Rhizobium 10 g + PSB 10 g + Boron - 0.75%, and Control Plot. The field experiment result revealed that Rhizobium 10 g + PSB 10 g + Boron - 0.75% has significantly increased the growth parameters viz., Plant height (46.54 cm), Number of nodules/plant (16.44), Plant dry weight (15.37 g/plant), pods/plant (55.61), seeds/pod (2.52), test weight (265.6 g), Seed yield (1.99 t/ha), Stover yield (5.95 t/ha) and Harvest index (25.06%). The economics of experiment, i.e., maximum gross return (106464.00 INR/ha), net return (76796 INR/ha) and B:C ratio (2.58) was also recorded in Rhizobium 10 g + PSB 10 g + Boron - 0.75%.

Effect of Potassium on the Growth and Yield of Different Varieties of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under Poplar (Populus deltoides) Based Agroforestry System

A field experiment was conducted to find out the "Effect of potassium on the growth and yield of different varieties of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under Poplar (Populus deltoides) based agroforestry system" at Forestry Nursery, the research farm of the College of Forestry, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, U.P., India. Experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 3 different varieties of Mustard viz. T59-Varuna, Pioneer 45s 42s, and Jugni in 3 replications and 5 levels of Potassium per variety (50% kg/ha), (75% kg/ha), (100% kg/ha), (125% kg/ha) and (150% kg/ha) as of total 15 treatments in all. The result shows that the application of increased levels of potassium fertilizers showed high growth and yield of Mustard. It was recorded from the application of potassium fertilizers in treatments applied with (MOP @ 150% kg/ha) resulted in increased pre-harvest observation viz., plant height (cm), dry weight (g/plant), crop growth rate (g/m2/day) and increased relative growth rate (g/g/day). It was also concluded from the trail that the application of fertilizers in treatment with (MOP @ 150% kg/ha) was found in increasing post-harvest observations viz., number of siliqua/plants, number of seeds/siliquas, test weight (g), seed yield (t/ha), stover yield (t/ha), harvest index (%). Also, after the economic analysis, the returns as compared to investment were found to be more profitable.

Influence of Seaweed Sap and Organic Manures on Growth and Yield of Baby Corn

A field experiment was carried out during Rabi 2022 season at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agriculture Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, to study the response of Seaweed Sap and Organic Manures on Growth and Yield of Baby Corn. The treatments consists of three level of Seaweed sap (5%, 7.5% and 10%), Organic manures (FYM, Poultry manure, Vermicompost) and control. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with ten treatments and replicated thrice. The soil of the experimental field was sandy loam with pH (8.0), EC (0.56 ds/m), Organic Carbon (0.62%), Available N (225 kg/ha), Available P (38.2 kg/ha), and Available K (240.7 kg/ha). The results showed that application of Seaweed sap (10%) + Vermicompost – 8.5t/ha recorded significantly higher plant height (167.58 cm), maximum dry weight (98.48 g), No. of cobs/plant (2.47), cob length (21.40 cm), Cob weight with husk (49.84 g/cob), Cob yield (11.03 t/ha) and stover yield (35.33 t/ha). Maximum gross returns (281216.67 INR/ha), net returns (216726.67 INR/ha) and Benefit Cost (B.C) ratio (3.36).

Response of Phosphorus and Zinc on Growth and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

A field experiment was conducted at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during Rabi season 2022-23 on chickpea crop. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with ten treatments and three replication. The treatments consist of 3 levels of Phosphorus (30, 40 and 50 kg/ha) and 3 levels of Zinc (10, 15 and 20 kg/ha). The treatment combinations are as follows, T1 – 30 kg/ha Phosphorus + 10 kg/ha Zinc, T2 – 30 kg/ha Phosphorus and 15 kg/ha Zinc, T3 – 30 kg/ha Phosphorus and 20 kg/h Zinc, T4 – 40 kg/ha Phosphorus + 10 kg/ha Zinc, T5 – 40 kg/ha Phosphorus + 15 kg/ha Zinc, T6 – 40 kg/ha Phosphorus + 20 kg/ha Zinc, T7 – 50 kg/ha Phosphorus + 10 kg/ha Zinc, T8 – 50 kg/ha Phosphorus + 15 kg/ha Zinc, T9 – 50 kg/ha Phosphorus + 20 kg/ha Zinc and T10 – (control). The nutrient sources were Urea, Single Super Phosphate (SSP) and Muriate of Potash (MOP), applied as per the recommended dose of 20-40-20 kg NPK/ha. As per the treatment, application of phosphorus and zinc were done as basal application. The treatment consisted of soil application of Phosphorus (30 kg/ha, 40 kg/ha and 50 kg/ha), Zinc (10 kg/ha, 15 kg/ha and 20 kg/ha) and zinc and a control (20-40-20 kg NPK/ha). The results of the experiment showed that, plant height (48.81 cm), dry weight (14.88 g) number of nodules/plant (14.67), number of pods/plant (30.07), number of seeds/pod (1.37), seed index (21.36 g), seed yield (2.66 t/ha) and stover yield (4.26 t/ha), harvest index (38.31) were recorded significantly highest with the application Phosphorus 50 kg/ha + Zinc 20 kg/ha. Maximum gross returns (152516.67 INR/ha), net returns (102367.23 INR/ha), and B-C ratio (2.04) were also obtained with the same treatment.

Effect of molybdenum trioxide nanoparticle-mediated seed priming on the productivity of green gram (Vigna radiata L.)

A field experiment was undertaken in the post-Rabi season of 2019-2020 to reveal the response of greengram (Vigna radiata L.) to seed dressing and seed priming with nano molybdenum trioxide (MoO3). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 10 different treatments i.e., M0 (no seed treatment with Mo); M1 (seed dressing with Sodium molybdate @ 400 ppm); M2, M3, M4, and M5 (seed dressing with nano Molybdenum trioxide-MoO3 @ 50, 100, 200 and 400 ppm, respectively); and M6, M7, M8 and M9 (seed priming with nano MoO3 @ 50, 100, 200 and 400 ppm, respectively). Inoculation of greengram seeds cv. Shreya (IPM 2-14) with Rhizobium sps. was undertaken in all treatments as per the recommended practice, except in M0 (control). The MoO3 nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized from Ammonium molybdate through calcination at 600 0C for 5 hours indicated globular-shaped NPs of 68.55 nm in TEM and XRD. Nanopriming with MoO3 @ 200 ppm (M8) was most promising in recording significantly superior growth and yield attributing parameters and yield, whereas Mo (control) produced the least. Crop height, number of branches, root length, shoot dry matter, pods/plant and seeds/plant and root nodulation at harvest in M8 were 39.4% and 22.6%; 39% and 5.6%; 23% and 9.3%; 43.9%, and 16.3%; 28.2% and 5.3%; 28.1% and 0.8%, and 73.3% and 36.5% higher than M0 (control) and M1 (farmers’ practice), respectively. Superior growth and yield attributing characters in M8 treatment produced the highest grain and stover yield of 0.88 and 3.74 t/ ha that was 32.53% and 8.37%, and 35.5% and 14.7% higher than M0 (control) and M1 (farmers’ practice), respectively. Seed priming with nano MoO3 @ 400 ppm (M9) and seed dressing with nano MoO3 @ 400 ppm (M5) were of second and third order in recording grain and stover yield but M0 recorded the lowest among all the treatments.

Effect of Row Ratio on Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Mustard (Brassica nigra) Intercropping System

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P) on the topic “Effect of row ratio on growth and yield of wheat and mustard intercropping system”. To study treatments consisting with row Proportions with wheat and mustard intercropping. The soil of experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 8.0), low in organic carbon (0.28 %), available N (225 kg/ha), available P (19.50 kg/ha) and available K (92 kg/ha). There were 8 treatments each being replicated thrice and laid out in Randomized Block Design. The results revealed that treatment 1 (Sole wheat cropping) recorded significantly higher Plant height (89.4 cm), plant dry weight (16.15 g), number of effective tillers/m2 (634.01), number of grains/spike (52.80), grain yield (4.02 t/ha), straw yield (6.73 t/ha) of wheat and treatment 2 (Sole mustard cropping) recorded significant and higher Plant height (120.50 cm), plant dry weight (34.18 g), number of siliqua/plant (210.47), number of seeds/siliqua (22.90), test weight (3.66 g), seed yield (1.27 t/ha), stover yield (2.65 t/ha) and Harvest index (32.33 %) in mustard.

Phosphorus and Sulphur's Impact on Lentil Growth and Yield (Lens culinaris Medik.)

During the Rabi season of 2022–2023, a field experiment was carried out at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P.) India. to research how the nutrients phosphorus and sulphur affect the productivity and growth of lentil. The treatments consist of Phosphorus 20, 30, 40 kg/ha and Sulphur 10, 20, 30 kg/ha. The soil in the experimental plot had a sandy loamy texture, a pH of 7.8 that was virtually neutral, and just 0.35 percent organic carbon. The results showed that the application of phosphorus 40 kg/ha + Sulphur 30 kg/ha significantly influenced the higher plant height (39.81 cm), higher number of nodules (6.07), higher plant dry weight (14.40 g/plant), higher number of pods/plant (158.77), higher number of seeds/pod (1.94), higher 1000 seed weight (24.94 gm), higher seed yield (1.t/67 ha), and higher stover yield (2.92 t/ha). Treatment 9 (Phosphorus 40 kg/ha + Sulphur 30 kg/ha) likewise achieved greater net return (INR 68,600/ha), higher gross return (INR 1,00,200/ha), and higher B:C ratio (2.17).

Evaluation of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Cultivars under Different Sowing Dates on Yield and Yield Attributes in Non Traditional Area of Northern Telangana Zone (NTZ)

The field experiment entitled “Evaluation of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars under different sowing dates on yield and yield attributes in non traditional area of Northern Telangana Zone (NTZ)”, an experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Polasa, Jagtial during Rabi, 2022. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with ten treatment combinations by replicating thrice. The treatments includes two factors i.e., factor - 1 having two genotypes G1: ISF-764, G2: TSF-1 and factor -2 having five sowing dates D1: 15th October, D2: 30th October, D3: 15th November, D4: 30th November, D5 : 15th December. Among the genotypes of safflower, TSF-1 recorded higher seed yield (1243 kg ha-1) and yield attributing characters viz.; number of heads plant-1 (26.34), number of seeds head-1 (32.34), seed weight plant-1 (42.01 g), seed index (3.71 g), Stover yield (5386 kg ha-1) and biological yield (6629 kg ha-1) over ISF-764. The result showed that among the different sowings of safflower 30th October sowing was recorded significantly higher Yield and Yield attributing characters viz.; number of heads plant-1 (31.24), number of seeds head-1 (35.16), seed weight plant-1 (47.84 g), seed index (3.77 g), seed yield (1412 kg ha-1), Stover yield (6415 kg ha-1) and biological yield (7827 kg ha-1) as compared to 15th November and 30th November, 15th December sowing date respectively and it is on par with safflower crop sown on 15th October. From the study it can be concluded that the genotype TSF-1 sown on 15th and 30th October performed best among all other treatment combinations.

Effect of Nitrogen and Foliar Spray of Urea and Nano Urea on Growth and Yield of Rabi Maize (Zea mays L.)

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P) to study the “Effect of nitrogen and foliar spray of urea and nano urea on growth and yield of rabi maize (Zea mays L.)”, to study treatments consisting of three levels of Nitrogen viz. 50% RDN, 75% RDN and 100% RDN and three foliar sprays of nano urea viz. 2000 ppm (2ml/L), 4000ppm (4ml/L), and foliar spray of urea viz., 20000 ppm (2%). The soil of experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.1), low in organic carbon (0.28 %), available N (225 kg/ha), available P (19.50 kg/ha) and available K (92 kg/ha). There were 10 treatments each being replicated thrice and laid out in Randomized Block Design. The results revealed that at 60 DAS, treatment combination 100% RDN + 4000 PPM (4ml/L) spray of Nano Urea recorded significantly higher Plant Height (108.10cm), Plant Dry weight (61.20 g), Crop Growth Rate (14.67 g/m2/day), number of cobs per plant (1.60), number of grains per cob (249.67), Seed index (23.55 g), Grain yield (6.41 t/ha), Stover yield (8.65 t/ha) and Harvest Index (42.58 %) as compared to other treatments.

Evaluation of Yield and Economics of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Hybrids under Agro-Climatic Conditions of Prayagraj, India

A field experiment was conducted at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P) during Kharif, 2022. The soil of the experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.1), organic carbon (0.75%), available N (269.96 kg/ha), available P (33.10 kg/ha), and available K (336 kg/ha). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with 40 hybrids each replicated thrice. The highest plant height (130.14 cm), number of tillers (16.68), plant dry weight (58.85 g/plant), tillers/m2 (392.54), panicle length (28.41 cm), filled grains (252.45), grain yield/hill (28.63 g), test weight (25.63 g), and stover yield (12.77 t/ha) were recorded in hybrid R-190. Further, the gross returns (₹ 149730/ha) and net returns (₹ 100684.00/ha) and B: C ratio (2.05) were recorded in hybrid R-458.

Influence of Spacing and Nitrogen on Growth and Yield of Kharif Sweetcorn (Zea mays L. saccharata)

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P) on the topic “Influence of Spacing and Nitrogen on growth and yield of Kharif Sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharatam)”, to study treatments consisting of three levels of Nitrogen viz. 80, 100 and 120 kg/ha with spacing such as 75x10 cm2, 60x20 cm2 and 45x30 cm2. The soil of experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.1), low in organic carbon (0.28 %), available N (225 kg/ha), available P (19.50 kg/ha) and available K (92 kg/ha). There were 9 treatments each being replicated thrice and laid out in Randomized Block Design. The results revealed that treatment 8 (Nitrogen 120 kg/ha + 65x20 cm2) was recorded higher plant height (190.82 cm), higher plant dry weight (81.49 g), maximum number of cobs/plant (2.33), higher seeds/row (41.33), maximum row/cob (14.40), weight of green cob (351.20 g), higher green cob yield (4.15 t/ha), higher stover yield (4.59 t/ha), harvest index (45.90%), gross returns (1,48,950.00 INR/ha), net returns (1,04,914.00 INR/ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.38).

Evaluation of Rhizobium along with Multifunctional Rhizobacteria for Improving the Growth and Yield of Black Gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper

Background: Indigenous rhizobial populations may be unable to achieve successful symbiosis in the field due to rare population and unfavourable soil environment. Introduced plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are frequently linked to faster growth, development, and yield of plant with synergetic effect on indigenous Rhizobium bacteria. Furthermore, co-inoculating legumes with both Rhizobium and PGPR is proven more effective for improving nodulation as well as growth and development of legumes. Methods: The experiment was conducted at research farm of TCA, Dholi Muzaffarpur a campus of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agriculture University, Pusa, Bihar during kharif season of 2021 to investigate the “Evaluation of Rhizobium along with multifunctional Rhizobacteria for improving the growth and yield of black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]”. There were eight number of treatments and replicated thrice in a randomized block design. The treatment comprised as T1- control, T2- Rhizobium (Bradyrhizobium spp.), T3- Rhizobium + PUK-171 (Stenotrophomonas rhizophila), T4- Rhizobium + NE 10 (Bacillus cereus), T5-Rhizobium + Pseudomonas spp., T6-Rhizobium + LMSR 45 (Pantoea agglomerans), T7-Rhizobium + Methylobacterium, T8-N as per RDF. Result: The result revealed that co-inoculation of Rhizobium + PUK-171 (Stenotrophomonas rhizophila) significantly increase the plant height, number of leaves plant-1, number of branches plant‑1, plant dry weight, crop growth rate, and in nodule studies number of nodules plant-1, dry weight of nodules recoded significantly higher result as compare to T1, T2, and T8 and found at par with rest of treatment. In yield attributing character number of pods plant-1 recorded significantly higher result in co-inoculation of Rhizobium + PUK-171 (Stenotrophomonas rhizophila) and rest of character did not produce significant effect, in case of seed yield similar trends was followed, while in case of stover yield co-inoculation of Rhizobium along with Rhizobium + NE 10 (Bacillus cereus) recorded significantly higher result as compare to T1 and T8 and at par with rest of treatments. Harvest index did not produce significant effect.

Influence of Sulphur and Gibberellic Acid on Growth and Yield of Cluster Bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.)

A field experiment was conducted during Zaid 2023 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P), India. The soil of the experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.1), low in organic carbon (0.36 %), available N (171.48 kg/ha), available P (15.2 kg/ha) and available K (232.5 kg/ha). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with nine treatments each replicated thrice based on one year of experimentation. The treatments which are T1: Sulphur at 20 kg/ha + GA3 at 50 ppm, T2: Sulphur at 20 kg/ha + GA3 at 100 ppm, T3: Sulphur at 20 kg/ha + GA3 at 150 ppm, T4: Sulphur at 30 kg/ha + GA3 at 50 ppm, T5: Sulphur at 30 kg/ha + GA3 at 100 ppm, T6: Sulphur at 30 kg/ha + GA3 at 150 ppm, T7: Sulphur at 40 kg/ha + GA3 at 50 ppm, T8: Sulphur at 40 kg/ha + GA3 at 100 ppm, T9: Sulphur at 40 kg/ha + GA3 at 150 ppm, T10: Control (RDF) 20:40:20 kg NPK/ha are used. The application of Sulphur at 40 kg/ha + GA3 at 150 ppm, recorded significantly higher Plant height (109.00 cm), number of nodules per plant (50.60) Plant dry weight (52.02 g/plant). Significantly maximum pods/plant (42.33), Seeds/pod (13.00), Seed index (33.47 g), Seed yield (1.79 t/ha), stover yield (3.59 t/ha), Harvest index (33.28 %) were recorded with the treatment of Sulphur at 40 kg/ha + GA3 at 150 ppm. Higher gross returns (Rs. 1,25,237.00 /ha), net return (Rs. 80,487.00 /ha) and benefit-cost ratio (1.80) were obtained in the treatment of Sulphur at 40 kg/ha + GA3 at 150 ppm.