Version Of Story Research Articles

How Do People Make Sense of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) in the Context of Perpetrator PTSD Diagnostic Status and Gender Identity?

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) has profound effects on victim physical and mental health, considerable social and economic costs and is a significant public health concern. Research suggests that the way the public make sense of IPV may vary in different contexts, as certain contextual factors may be used to explain, excuse or legitimise IPV. PTSD diagnostic status and perpetrator gender may be such contextual factors, but little research exists in this area. Objectives: This study explored how the public make sense of IPV in the context of perpetrator diagnostic status (PTSD or no PTSD) and gender identity (female, male or nonbinary) by exploring IPV ratings and IPV discourses. Methods: Two hundred and sixty-five (265) community participants were recruited via snowball sampling and presented one of six versions of the same story containing an account of IPV. Stories were identical across conditions bar perpetrator diagnostic status and gender identity. Participants rated the degree to which they thought the behaviour in the story constituted IPV. Approximately half the participants also completed a story completion task, and stories were analysed for themes. Results: IPV ratings were weighted towards abuse and did not vary with diagnostic status or gender identity. Five themes were identified in participant stories: (i) characterise the behaviour; (ii) trajectory of IPV; (iii) show compassion towards victim of IPV; (iv) hold victim of IPV responsible; and (v) context influences decision-making. Limitations, implications and directions for future research are discussed.

An Incredible Story on the Credibility of Stories: Coherence, Real-Life Experience, and Making Sense of Texts in a Jaina Narrative

Throughout the centuries, Jaina authors actively engaged in producing their own versions of stories that were told in sources such as the Rāmāyaṇa, Mahābhārata, and the purāṇas. These authors self-consciously present themselves as correcting preceding narratives that they do not accept as credible. However, the question arises: what criteria determine the credibility of one version over another? This paper offers one possible answer as it appears in the Investigation of Dharma (Dharmaparīkṣā), a Jaina narrative that has been retold repeatedly in different languages throughout the second millennium. By examining its earliest available retellings—in Apabhramsha (988 CE) and Sanskrit (1014 CE)—I argue that this narrative traces the credibility of stories to the ideas of (1) coherence across textual boundaries and (2) correspondence with real-life experience. In this paper, I trace how these notions manifest in the Investigation and analyze the narrative’s mechanism for training its audience to evaluate for themselves the credibility of stories. Through this analysis, the paper offers a fresh perspective on the motivations of premodern South Asian authors to retell existing narratives and sheds light on the reading practices they expect from their audience.

Correction to Letter to the Editor ‘‘Normative data for baseline and longitudinal neuropsychological assessments in Singapore’’ [Ann Acad Med Singap 2024;1:48

The authors would like to make a correction in the publication of the original article. The “modified version of Logical Memory (Immediate and Delayed Recall of an adapted version of Story B)” is removed from the Letter, due to irreconcilable differences in the way the test was administered across the different research studies we drew the data from, thus the test data are not valid. The respective data from Table 1 presented in the Letter has also been removed. The correct table is as follows. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.

Al-Jazeera Arabic and Al-Jazeera English headlines on the Russian-Ukrainian conflict: a Hallidayan transitivity analysis

ABSTRACT Research in communication studies has suggested that Al-Jazeera produces different versions of news stories for different audiences. Yet, examining the linguistic means used to create these versions has remained under-researched. Drawing on Fairclough’s three-dimensional model (1992) and Halliday’s transitivity model (1985), this study aims at exploring how Al-Jazeera Arabic (AJA) and Al-Jazeera English (AJE) discursively represented the participants involved in the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict in headlines. The analysis of transitivity patterns in AJA and AJE headlines reveals both similar and different representations of the conflict. Although they avoided negative labeling of the Russian government, both channels ascribed conflict escalation to it, highlighting civilians suffering and protesting. Nevertheless, while AJE emphasized the Ukrainian government vulnerability, AJA presented the conflict as a confrontation between two symmetrical forces. Similarities are attributed to organizational and social institutional forces, while differences result from different editorial policies and audience preferences. As discursive and social practices, the headlines contribute to shaping audience perceptions of the conflict, with AJA challenging the prevailing western narrative of the conflict while AJE reinforcing it.

Beyond access: (re)designing archival guides for changing landscapes

In 2013, the authors of this article and their colleague Gavan McCarthy published Stories in Stone: an annotated history and guide to the collections of Ernest Westlake (1855–1922). The guide provided contextual information and digital access to the entire paper archives relating to the three large stone collections formed by Westlake during his lifetime: French and English geological specimens housed in the Oxford University Museum of Natural History from 1924, and a collection of Tasmanian Aboriginal stone tools stored in the Pitt Rivers Museum since 1923. The Tasmanian collections, formed by Westlake from 1908 to 1910, are highly significant to the Palawa (or Pakana or Tasmanian Aboriginal) community because they include objects made by ancestors, and words spoken by ancestors to Westlake and recorded in his field notebooks. Stories in Stone was created to improve access to Westlake’s Tasmanian collections for the Palawa community with whom author Rebe Taylor had worked closely since 1999. Nonetheless, the structural and technical design of Stories in Stone was not Palawa-led. It was driven by Australian and international archiving standards; by stipulations set out by the collecting institutions; and by the stories of collecting and subsequent scholarship on the collections. In 2023, Stories in Stone is offline, and the authors are planning a relaunch. This time they aim to reach beyond their original aim of providing archival access to the Palawa community, and work with Palawa community to co-design how that access is delivered. This consultative work will be done at the University of Tasmania, where Palawa advisors and other Indigenous scholars have been integral to developing international Indigenous data sovereignty principals. This article precedes those formal discussions and thus offers a timely reflection on the original aims and design of Stories in Stone as well as an extensive analysis of broader changes in the management and dissemination of First Nations collections and culture. Such changes include: international human rights frameworks; movements supporting data and archival sovereignty; co-designed archival technologies; and increased focus on archives as process not merely product. These developments will lay the foundations for the next version of Stories in Stone, which aims to go beyond access, scholarship, and standards by helping to facilitate First Nations’ aspirations for dignity, sovereignty, and self-determination.

Resting her Case: “MeToo à la française” – Springora and Others

Abstract In January 2020, Vanessa Springora published Consent, an unusual memoir that discloses the elaborated version of a personal story. Springora was 14 years old when she met the 50-year-old Gabriel Matzneff, a well-known French writer. Thirty years later, she decided to take back the agency that she claims was taken from her, with the artilleries of literature. While closely following Springora’s narrative, the paper focuses on the emergence of a new “memoir genre”, which besides presenting a platform for personal redemption, instigated an important shift within the French public opinion regarding the nature of consent, and ignited significant legal reform in this regard. As will be elaborated, Consent and other works in similar spirit appositely demonstrate the power of law to stimulate certain narrative patterns, and the power of stories to influence cultural atmosphere which leads to legal changes.

The linear multiform: a cognitive model for E-Fiction

ABSTRACT This article applies a cognitive narratological approach to Janet Murray’s conception of the “multiform” digital text that allows a user to experience multiple versions or alternative outcomes of a story. I argue from a psychologically-grounded position that branching narratives are fundamentally dissatisfying due to completionism, the onus of choice and diffusion of inherent stakes. With reference to two of my own texts, AMNESIAC (2021) and Mutiny on the Batavia (2022), I describe a version of the multiform story that makes use of a labile digital text-space while preserving the teleology of a linear narrative, and which speaks to the essential human experience of a unique, individual existence over time. Digital texts, I also argue, can dramatise both the arbitrary and contingent mental constructions of reality and the determinist nature of media forms. An increasingly immersive mediated existence means that experimental narratives in particular must fulfil our prior expectations of meaningful stories while also using the allowances of unbound narrative to keep written stories innovative, interesting and to expose their essentially constructed nature.

“How authentic is your curry”? performing curry and diasporic identity in Naben Ruthnum’s Curry: Eating, Reading, and Race

ABSTRACT In this article, I examine Indo-Mauritian-Canadian author Naben Ruthnum’s memoir-essay Curry: Eating, Reading, Race (2017) in order to examine the veracity of the dominant perception of South Asian diasporic identity as a collective designation through its association with the ubiquitous dish of curry which embodies a predominant cultural signifier of an extensively diverse population. Ruthnum’s significant aim is to challenge the existence of a supposedly authentic Indian curry and also to question the risk-averse publishing industry which solicits stories steeped in stereotypically authentic and nostalgic experiences from the second or third generation South Asian diasporic authors. Through an exploration of many ideas of authenticity and multiple ways of cooking the diverse dish of curry, I argue that diasporic authenticity is more appropriately performed not through replication and preservation of the past, but through constant recreation and reinvention of an individual’s present predicaments. Authenticity in diaspora is, therefore, unique and individual, and an embodiment of personal history. As there are many truths to the same story, and many versions of the same story, there are multiple ways of cooking authentic curries and diverse modes of confronting one’s own self as a South Asian diasporic in the world.

“Rus', You are but a Kiss in the Cold!” (1921) by V. Khlebnikov: Text as a Combinatory Model / Dynamic Construction

The paper is devoted to analysis of the poem by Velimir Khlebnikov “Rus', you are but a kiss in the frost!” (1921) as part of a study of transformation of the sonnet genre in the poet’s verses. Velimir Khlebnikov elaborates his version of a lyrical story of ‘a kiss in the frost’, originating from the poem by Alexander Pushkin “Winter. What do we do in the village?…” (1829). The love scene is represented as a natural phenomenon, embedded not only in the winter landscape but also in the Universe. There are no persons in the Nature’s integrity, and the couple of lovers are designated only by demonstrative pronouns. The tension of feelings (“the lightning kiss”) is but one of the manifestations of the Elements. The phenomenon of a lightning as a “potentially energy-embracing symbol” has a conceptual character in Khlebnikov’s perception of the world, is both the “primordial image” of the world and the principle of universal unity, which has already been noted by the eminent researchers’ of Khlebnikov’s works. From the formal viewpoint, the text is a special variant of structural deformity and overcoming it, which is directly related to the idea of accumulation of energy, explosion, and return to tranquility. The poem is characterized by increased expression of the arrangement of its sounds; alliteration of the occlusive, fricative, and sonorant sounds, their combinations, and paronymic attraction create the effect of a special energy of sound-making. The rhythmic arrangement of the text “deceives” the reader’s expectations: fast shifts and transitions from one meter to another (polymetry in the first stanza), occasional caesuras in the first, fourth, and ninth verses, an enjambement in the seventh and eighth verses: breakage of the seventh verse, when the verb “would [swiftly] outline” starts a line, visualizing the movement of a lightning. Structural deformities are settled in the final — the last verse is written in a classical iambic tetrameter. Graphically, the lyrical text is a combinatory dynamic model which may vary in terms of strophic division, the “headless” sonnet, preserving the characteristics of the Italian sonnet, dominates. The mechanism of cohesion is ensured by all the levels of the artistic whole, and the genre of the sonnet is a harmonizing form, balancing the structural instability of the text.

Life story templates in dementia care: Ambiguous direction and purpose.

The use of life stories in dementia care has been described as a way of seeing every person as an individual, looking beyond their dementia. Life stories have become synonymous with high-quality care, while in Sweden their mere existence in dementia care settings is taken to indicate quality in national comparisons. Such life stories are often standardised, generated by a family member answering predetermined questions in a template. Using a constructionist approach, this study will (1) chart what versions of a person's life story the templates produce, and (2) establish the intended purpose of such life stories, as communicated by the templates. This study departs from the assumption that life story templates communicate something about the conceptions of people living with dementia. The thematic analysis used data comprising 30 blank templates, totalling about 1,700 questions. The life story templates were found to generate two very different versions of the individual: (1) a person before symptoms of dementia or (2) a patient with dementia. We also found contradictions about what information should be included, whose life story it was, and the intended use. Despite strong pressure on dementia care providers to collect life stories from residents, the life story templates they use are without clear direction, ideology, or purpose. The lack of direction is key given that life stories can be considered actants that shape assumptions about people with dementia and construct realities in dementia care settings. We highlight the need to develop ethical guidelines for life story template design, matched with guidelines for their intended use.

Saikaku's Evanescence

Abstract: This essay explores how Ihara Saikaku's new form of fiction— ukiyo-zoshi —both adapts and adopts traditional Japanese aesthetics. Saikaku's Five Women Who Loved Love (1686) is a paradigmatic example of the modern conception of ukiyo , which inverts the traditional Buddhist sense of ukiyo , written with a different character, to express the ephemeral, often erotic pleasures of the floating world, rather than sadness in the face of its transience. I argue that, though the modern pleasures of ukiyo are the drivers of the plot, the imagery and the traditional aesthetic pleasures associated with the Buddhist sense of the transience of a floating world run throughout the stories. Saikaku's characters are often presented as avatars of classical characters and in turn they often end up generating additional stories. Characters and stories alike are nodes in a cycle of infectious stories, versions of earlier stories that seed further stories and so transmit the evanescent pleasures of love in a self-conscious circulation of stories. The older resonance of the floating world sounds through its modern meaning. Saikaku ironically invokes the Buddhist significance of the floating world, but he may also ironically suggest the limitations of its modern pleasures. Saikaku's modernity inheres in this double irony.

The Riddle of (Literary) Machine Translation Quality

This study aims to gauge the reliability and validity of metrics and algorithms in evaluating the quality of machine translation in a literary context. Ten machine translated versions of a literary story, provided by four different MT engines over a period of three years, are compared applying two quantitative quality estimation scores (BLEU and a recently developed literariness algorithm). The comparative analysis provides an insight not only into the quality of stylistic and narratological features of machine translation, but also into more traditional quality criteria, such as accuracy and fluency. It is found that evaluations are not always in agreement and that they lack nuance. It is suggested that metrics and algorithms cover only parts of the notion of “quality”, and that a more fine-grained approach is needed if potential literary quality of machine translation is to be captured and possibly validated using those instruments.

Children’s communicative capital: Promoting inclusive storying in a diverse preschool community through critical participatory action research

Advocating for inclusive literacy teaching pedagogies, to support 3–5-year-old children’s multimodal and multilingual storying, is fundamental in diverse nations. In Australia, for example, there are over 26% of 5-year-old children connecting with language backgrounds other than English, 7% are Aboriginal, and over 5% are diagnosed with special needs ( AEDC, 2021 ). Arguably, children draw from their own cultural, linguistic, and neuro diverse ways of expressing; hence, visual, gestural, spatial, auditory, and touch-type modes of expression, deserve greater recognition in literacy. Our critical participatory action research advocates for an expanded view of literacy focusing on children’s assets to communicate stories beyond vocal or written versions of story’telling’ in English, by incorporating translanguaging. We consider ‘storying’ to be a more inclusive term that incorporates multiple and multilingual modes in story creation. Our research on Kaurna country (the Adelaide Plains), involved 66 three to five-year-old culturally, linguistically and neuro diverse preschoolers, and their families. They interacted and translanguaged with 10 educators to explore multilingual, Aboriginal, and autistic children’s storying. The 6-month research project questioned: ‘How do diverse children communicate stories and how can children’s storying be encouraged with culturally responsive community involvement?.’ Observation, interview, questionnaire, artefact and reflective journaling data identified diverse children’s storying capabilities, highlighting touch, embodied expression and movement of props, as children expressed imagined stories. Thematic analysis led to the emergence of the concept, ‘communicative capital,’ a component nestled within Bourdieu’s (1991) ‘cultural capital,’ highlighting multiple modes of expression beyond named languages (as per the concept of ‘linguistic capital’). We argue that children’s communicative funds of knowledge and semiotic systems for meaning-making deserve increased value in inclusive literacy education, curriculum development, teacher education, pedagogy, practice and policy, so to embrace and expand the storying strengths of children with autism, First Nations children, multilingual children, and all children worldwide.

Limitations of Fact-checking on Debunking Covid-19 Misinformation on Facebook: Case of Faktograf.hr

This study explores the role of fact-checking organisations in debunking the disinformation about COVID-19, based on the case of the Croatian fact-checking organisation Faktograf.hr. By using computational methods and content analysis, we analysed 212 debunked fact-checks relating to Covid-19 (N=212) published between July 1, 2020, and the March 31, 2021. The sample was used to compare the debunked and disinformation versions of the same story, regarding their impact on users in the form of engagement (likes, comments, shares) as measure of efficiency of fact-checking. The main findings show that the practice of publishing fact-checks on websites and using social media to promote debunked content is insufficient.

A Corpus-Based Study on the Translators’ Styles in the English Versions of The True Story of Ah-Q

A Corpus-Based Study on the Translators’ Styles in the English Versions of The True Story of Ah-Q

Breaking Down the Narrative Regarding "Jews": Judeans in Judea and Egypt in Hellenistic and Roman Times

Abstract: This article focuses on the Hellenistic period, when Jews had a homeland, that is, a territory in which they formed the majority population group and possessed their own state institutions. Consequently, it is claimed, their history cannot be apprehended through paradigms, such as "antisemitism," devised for later periods of time, when Jews formed a minority bereft of a homeland. Moreover, statehood also impacted the collective self-perception, and hence the agency, of Jewish population groups who lived as minorities outside Judea, in particular in Egypt. To illustrate this twofold claim, two case studies are discussed: the so-called religious persecution carried out by Seleucid King Antiochus IV in the mid to late 160s BCE, and commemorated in the Jewish festival of Hanukkah; and the distorted versions of the Exodus story composed by Egyptian authors, which are often seen as the first anti-Judaic texts ever written.

Breaking Down the Narrative Regarding "Jews": Judeans in Judea and Egypt in Hellenistic and Roman Times

Abstract: This article focuses on the Hellenistic period, when Jews had a homeland, that is, a territory in which they formed the majority population group and possessed their own state institutions. Consequently, it is claimed, their history cannot be apprehended through paradigms, such as "antisemitism," devised for later periods of time, when Jews formed a minority bereft of a homeland. Moreover, statehood also impacted the collective self-perception, and hence the agency, of Jewish population groups who lived as minorities outside Judea, in particular in Egypt. To illustrate this twofold claim, two case studies are discussed: the so-called religious persecution carried out by Seleucid King Antiochus IV in the mid to late 160s BCE, and commemorated in the Jewish festival of Hanukkah; and the distorted versions of the Exodus story composed by Egyptian authors, which are often seen as the first anti-Judaic texts ever written.

Emotional shifts, event-congruent emotions, and transportation in narrative persuasion

ABSTRACT Emotional shifts in stories are assumed to contribute to narrative persuasion by enhancing engagement with the story. This effect might depend on the congruency of audiences’ emotional experience to the emotions implied by the story. In two experiments with wellcontrolled story manipulations, we compared the persuasive effect of stories with shifts in valence (from positive to negative to positive) to continuously positive story versions and examined moderating influences of event-congruent emotions and narrative transportation. The positive story versions were consistently more persuasive than the versions with emotional shifts. Transportation increased the persuasive effect of the stories, but only in audiences that listened to the shifting stories. In both emotional story trajectories, event-congruent emotional experience enhanced persuasion. We discuss our findings in terms of boundary conditions of the effect of emotional shifts in narrative persuasion.

Text and Instruction Necessary for the Facilitation of EFL Reader’s Predictive Inference Generation

Inference generation is necessary for reading to understand stories. However, it may be difficult for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) readers to generate inferences owing to their limited cognitive resources that are mostly used in lower-level processing such as lexical and syntactical analysis. Predictive inference, which facilitates readers’ context processing and construction of a situational model, can be challenging for EFL readers to produce during reading. This study focuses on textual conditions and teacher’s task instructions to suggest the appropriate text choices and task instructions to help EFL readers produce predictive inferences. Two story versions (High-predictability Target vs. Control) and two different instructions (Predict the end of the story vs. Memorize the names of characters) were compared using recall rates. The findings indicated that the combination of a high-predictability target story with instructions to predict the end of the story would be the most effective pair for predictive inference.

The writer’s uncle Pyotr Bulgakov in Vladivostok, Tokyo, and San-Francisco

The article compares two printed versions of the short story ‘The Power of the Devil’ [‘Vlast lukavogo’], written by the priest P. Bulgakov. The first publication of the story took place in China in 1907; the second edition was given the title ‘Greed’ [‘Zhadnost’] and printed in Europe in 1923. The later edition was thoroughly revised: technical inaccuracies were corrected, several scenes cut short, expressive means added, and more profound conclusions drawn. These changes may indicate that the revision was in part supervised by the priest’s nephew Mikhail Bulgakov, later a renowned writer. Pyotr Bulgakov taught theology at the Oriental Institute in Vladivostok, then the Japanese and Russian languages in Japan, where he served as priest for the Russian embassy; he also studied the influence of Christian philosophy on East and Southeast Asia, published papers on Japanese studies, and produced translations. The article touches on his relationship with M. Bulgakov’s family.