Store User Data Research Articles

Ensemble Method for Mobile Malware Detection using N-Gram Sequences of System Calls

Mobile device has become an essential tool among the community across the globe and has turned into a necessity in daily life. An extensive usage of mobile devices for everyday life tasks such as online banking, online shopping and exchanging e-mails has enable mobile devices to become data storage for users. The data stored in these mobile devices can contain sensitive and critical information to the users. Hence, making mobile devices as the prime target for cybercriminal. To date, Android based mobile devices is one of the mobile devices that are dominating the phone market. Moreover, the ease of use and open-source feature has made Android based mobile devices popular. However, the widely used Android mobile devices has encourage malware author to write malicious application. In a short duration of time mobile malware has rapidly evolve and have the capability to bypass signature detection approach which requires a constant signature update to detect mobile malware. To overcome this drawback an anomaly detection approach can be used to mitigate this issue. Yet, using a single classifier in an anomaly detection approach will not improve the classification detection performance. Based on this reason, this research formulates an ensemble classification method of different n-gram system call sequence features to improve the accuracy of mobile malware detection. This research proposes n-number of classifier models for each different n-gram sequence call feature. The probability output of each classifier is then combined to produce a better classification performance which is better compared to a single classifier.

CondenseNeXtV2: Light-Weight Modern Image Classifier Utilizing Self-Querying Augmentation Policies

Artificial Intelligence (AI) combines computer science and robust datasets to mimic natural intelligence demonstrated by human beings to aid in problem-solving and decision-making involving consciousness up to a certain extent. From Apple’s virtual personal assistant, Siri, to Tesla’s self-driving cars, research and development in the field of AI is progressing rapidly along with privacy concerns surrounding the usage and storage of user data on external servers which has further fueled the need of modern ultra-efficient AI networks and algorithms. The scope of the work presented within this paper focuses on introducing a modern image classifier which is a light-weight and ultra-efficient CNN intended to be deployed on local embedded systems, also known as edge devices, for general-purpose usage. This work is an extension of the award-winning paper entitled ‘CondenseNeXt: An Ultra-Efficient Deep Neural Network for Embedded Systems’ published for the 2021 IEEE 11th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC). The proposed neural network dubbed CondenseNeXtV2 utilizes a new self-querying augmentation policy technique on the target dataset along with adaption to the latest version of PyTorch framework and activation functions resulting in improved efficiency in image classification computation and accuracy. Finally, we deploy the trained weights of CondenseNeXtV2 on NXP BlueBox which is an edge device designed to serve as a development platform for self-driving cars, and conclusions will be extrapolated accordingly.

Malicious behavior detection in cloud using self‐optimized dynamic kernel convolutional neural network

AbstractCloud computing is one example of a technological revolution that has drastically altered the way traditional commercial operations are conducted. Because cloud platforms are fundamentally revolutionizing the area of computing, they must provide safe transmission and storage of user data by assuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the data. As a result, establishing a secure cloud computing framework is crucial, and security cannot only rely on the user's credentials being verified. To overcome this problem, this article presents a multi‐population genetic algorithm optimized dynamic kernel convolutional neural network to analyze the user's behavior to identify their malicious intent. This article describes a two‐stage malicious detection and prediction scheme. The proposed system's efficiency is measured by its ability to discriminate between nine different types of attacks in the UNSW‐NB15 dataset (abnormal behavior exhibited by users). The average true positive rate, false positive rate, precision, and F‐measure for the nine attack classes were 99.22%, 99.11%, 99.11%, and 99.22%, respectively, when evaluated using the UNSW‐NB15 dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that this technique is effective in detecting malicious behaviors in the cloud environment with higher accuracy.

Design for Visitor Authentication Based on Face Recognition Technology Using CCTV

Recently, image recognition technology using deep learning has improved significantly, and security systems and home services that use biometric information such as fingerprints, iris scans, and face recognition are attracting attention. In particular, user authentication methods that utilize face recognition have been studied at length. This study presents a visitor authentication technology that uses CCTV with a Jetson Nano and webcam. In the preprocessing phase for face recognition, face data with 7 features that can be identified as a person are collected using CCTV. The collected dataset goes through the annotation process to classify the data, and facial features are detected using deep learning. If there are four or more detected features, the image data is determined to be a person, and the visitor’s face is matched with stored user data in detail using 81 feature vectors. Additionally, the security of the access control system was enhanced by implementing logging functions such as recording the face of the visitor, the number of visitors, and the time of the visit. This paper implements a visitor authentication system using a Jetson Nano and evaluates performance by analyzing the accuracy and detection speed of the system. The tiny-YOLOv3 in the Jetson Nano was effective in real-time verification for the real-time face authentication system with an average detection speed of 6.5 FPS and 86.3% accuracy. Through this study, we designed a system based on deep learning technology that recognizes and authenticates the face of a user during the visitor access process and controls user access.

Privacy Protection Framework for Android

The increase in popularity and users of the Android platform in recent years has led to a lot of innovative and smart Android applications (apps). Many of these apps are highly interactive, customizable, and require user data to provide services. While being convenient, user privacy is the primary concern. It is not guaranteed that these apps are not storing user data for their need or scrapping algorithms through them. Android uses the system of permissions to provide security and protect user data. The user can grant permission for requested resources either at runtime or during the installation process. However, this system is often misused in practice by demanding extra permissions that are not required to provide services. These kinds of apps stop functioning if all permissions are not granted to them. Therefore, in this paper, a privacy preserved secure framework is proposed to prevent an app from stealing user data by restricting all unnecessary permissions. Unnecessary permissions are recognized by predicting the permissions required by a given app by using collaborative filtering and frequent permission set mining algorithms. Thus, the proposed model interacts with the target application and modifies the permission data inside. Experimental results reveal that the proposed model not only protects the user data but also ensures the proper functioning of the given application.

Lightweight Dynamic Redundancy Control with Adaptive Encoding for Server-based Storage

With the recent performance improvements in commodity hardware, low-cost commodity server-based storage has become a practical alternative to dedicated-storage appliances. Because of the high failure rate of commodity servers, data redundancy across multiple servers is required in a server-based storage system. However, the extra storage capacity for this redundancy significantly increases the system cost. Although erasure coding (EC) is a promising method to reduce the amount of redundant data, it requires distributing and encoding data among servers. There remains a need to reduce the performance impact of these processes involving much network traffic and processing overhead. Especially, the performance impact becomes significant for random-intensive applications. In this article, we propose a new lightweight redundancy control for server-based storage. Our proposed method uses a new local filesystem-based approach that avoids distributing data by adding data redundancy to locally stored user data. Our method switches the redundancy method of user data between replication and EC according to workloads to improve capacity efficiency while achieving higher performance. Our experiments show up to 230% better online-transaction-processing performance for our method compared with CephFS, a widely used alternative system. We also confirmed that our proposed method prevents unexpected performance degradation while achieving better capacity efficiency.

Ensemble Method for Mobile Malware Detection using N-Gram Sequences of System Calls

Mobile device has become an essential tool among the community across the globe and has turned into a necessity in daily life. An extensive usage of mobile devices for everyday life tasks such as online banking, online shopping and exchanging e-mails has enable mobile devices to become data storage for users. The data stored in these mobile devices can contain sensitive and critical information to the users. Hence, making mobile devices as the prime target for cybercriminal. To date, Android based mobile devices is one of the mobile devices that are dominating the phone market. Moreover, the ease of use and open-source feature has made Android based mobile devices popular. However, the widely used Android mobile devices has encourage malware author to write malicious application. In a short duration of time mobile malware has rapidly evolve and have the capability to bypass signature detection approach which requires a constant signature update to detect mobile malware. To overcome this drawback an anomaly detection approach can be used to mitigate this issue. Yet, using a single classifier in an anomaly detection approach will not improve the classification detection performance. Based on this reason, this research formulates an ensemble classification method of different n-gram system call sequence features to improve the accuracy of mobile malware detection. This research proposes n-number of classifier models for each different n-gram sequence call feature. The probability output of each classifier is then combined to produce a better classification performance which is better compared to a single classifier.

Mark Us: A Social Experience Built Using Augmented Reality

MarkUs - a social experience built using the immersive power of Augmented Reality. There has been a plethora of Social Networking Applications around they provide some of the best Social Experiences. However, the territory of Augmented Reality in Social Networking remains an uncharted region. There has been extensive use of face filters by various social networking sites, but we believe that AR has a lot to offer in the social sector. MarkUs tries to extract the best AR experiences for its users by using various technologies which include real-time cloudless atlas and positioning systems. It takes advantage of AR technologies available for mobile phones and makes sure that the heavy computation required for AR does not fall on these devices. MarkUs facilitates various features which include AR journey Books, Various Community Sections dedicated especially to a particular field of interest. AR Live Location Posts and flawless communication with friends. MarkUs uses Mapbox SDK that provides cloudless atlas and positioning required to create Live Location Posts and 3D Map of the world. The proposed system selected React Native to build the foundation. React Native is one of the most popular options to create mobile apps and is extremely lightweight and provides higher flexibility to create flawless UI and their corresponding functionalities. In this system, MongoDB is used to store user data along with their Live Location so that they can reap the benefits of our exclusive features. Also use highly-scalable NodeJs Micro-Services for fast, smooth and efficient data flow.

Possibilities Usage Blockchain Technology For Protect Intellectual Property Rights In Ukraine

In the article the author explores the prospects of using blockchain technologies to protect intellectual property rights. The purpose of this study is to identify the main advantages of this technology, analysis of foreign legislation and proposals for improving existing legislation. The analysis of activity of operating services on the basis of blockchain technology WIPO Proof, Blinded, Ascribe and practice of their application is carried out.
 Promising areas of use of blockchain technology in the field of intellectual property should be: ensuring the automatic storage of data of applications for intellectual property rights; opportunity to confirm intellectual property rights; separations of access rights to the object of intellectual property rights.
 Ensuring automatic storage of data of applicants for intellectual property rights. Services based on blockchain technology allow you to securely store user data. The reliability and completeness of the data rests with the user of the services.
 Ability to confirm intellectual property rights. Analyzing advantages and disadvantages of blochchain technology, it should be noted that this technology will have a positive result in Ukraine, namely build on the basic technology of blockchain register of intellectual property rights. By analogy with the State Land Cadastral to blockchain technology.
 Separation of access right to the object of intellectual property rights. The advantage of this service is the ability to enter into smart contracts, which are confidential because they are stored in encrypted form, reduces time and money. The parties can be sure that the terms of the agreement will be met, and no one will change them.
 In conclusion, blockchain technology has significant prospects and provides an opportunity to qualitatively transform the field of intellectual property in the direction of providing reliable evidence of authorship, facilitating content control and user rights management.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Reservasi Ruangan Menggunakan Near Field Communication (NFC) Berbasis Mikrokontroller

Current technological developments also help in the ordering system. Simplifying the reservation system with information technology is one of the innovations made to help users of the room more easily in booking a room. The system designed consists of hardware and software connected to book a room based on, UID, usage time and to open the door of the room. Hardware includes Arduino Mega, NFC tags, NFC readers, relays, solenoids, buzzers, and LEDs. The software includes a Mysql website and database. The system will store user data, date, shift, length of usage and type of room booked by the user. NFC tags will be used by the customer to open the door to the room by getting closer to the NFC reader. This system aims to facilitate the process of borrowing space without having to undergo a convoluted process.

Overview of current research in Mobile Health

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in attention to such a topic as e-Health, as well as one of its main areas - mobile e-health (mHealth). This is due to global trends, such as the increased attention of state institutions to the health of their citizens, the desire of people to maintain their health and improve the quality of life, digitalization and qualitative growth in the level of medical services, the development and dissemination of personal wearable electronic equipment and ICT technologies. The article discusses a typical architecture of a network for providing mHealth services, which includes a user's smart phone or tablet with specialized software, various mHealth devices, such as an analyzer of the composition of food and drugs or a wearable biometric sensor, as well as a remote cloud server for processing and long-term storage of user data, for connection to Internet is used. The article provides an overview of works on the mHealth topic. In particular, it is noted that at present, Russian and foreign scientists are actively studying the architecture of networks, the characteristics of the generated mHealth network traffic. Peculiarities of using mHealth mobile applications for collecting and analyzing primary data on the user's health are considered. Active research is underway on the performance of mHealth devices, such as portable personal infrared micro spectrometers, which are capable of highly efficient field analysis of food and drug composition. It is noted that such devices and related services may become quite popular in the very near future.

Security of Data` in Cloud Computing Based on Advanced Secret Sharing Key Management Scheme

Cloud Computing (CC) is a worldwide concept and there are no boundaries define with in the cloud computer which is used to access and store user data can be located anywhere on the global network, depending on where the capacities that are required are available in the global computer networks used for cloud computing. Because of the efficient features of (CC) many Organization are using cloud storage for storing their essential information. The data can be stored remotely in the cloud computing environment by the user and can be retrieved by the client at the time of need. Data security is the major concern in cloud computing. Data Storage is risky because of use of internet by cloud based services which means less control over the store data. Essential elements of cloud is how do we grab all the benefit of the cloud while maintain security controls over the organization assets. Our aim is to propose a more reliable, decentralized light weight key-management scheme (KMS) techniques for cloud system which provide more efficient data security.

MASS MEDIA AND THE LEGITIMATION OF INTERNET CONTROL IN RUSSIA: THE CASE OF TELEGRAM

In today's hyperconnected world, states are confronted with the global challenge of responding to potentially disruptive online communications, such as terrorist propaganda and fake news. Formulating effective internet regulation to address these threats carries the risk of infringing upon media freedom and constitutional rights. In the case of Russia, ostensibly sound legitimations have been instrumentalised to bring about a dramatic decline in internet freedom. Controlling public opinion may well be decisive for Russia's "success" in expanding its system of internet controls without arousing popular resistance. Scholarship thus far, however, has neglected to critically examine how the Russian government legitimates and cultivates popular support for restricting online freedom of speech. This paper aims to address this crucial aspect of internet censorship by studying how restrictions of internet freedom, freedom of expression and the right to information and privacy are framed in political and media discourses. The paper presents a case study examining the legitimation of user data storage, surveillance and restriction of online anonymity, on the example of messaging application Telegram. To justify legal measures in these domains, policymakers have framed their proposals as anti-terrorist, or claimed the need to protect personal data from foreign states. Typically, anonymity and privacy are recast as secrecy indicating criminal (e.g., drug dealers) or morally derogatory intent (e.g., paedophilia). The paper analyses how frames are produced by policymakers; how they are translated and disseminated in state and (semi-)independent media; and how they resonate in online debates and social media.

Secure the Data by using Image Compression in Multi-Cloud Storage

Cloud storage providers are in ability for trust the data available and accessible that makes physical condition to be secure and running. Organizations bargain storage capacity from the providers to store user data, business, or request data. Clients desires to furnish their data to public cloud servers (PCSs). Recently got security troubles take to solve and aid more client’s improvement their records in multi-cloud Storage. The customers allow saving information in the cloud the use of services supplied by using more than one cloud storage companies (CSPs). It is a hopeful method to enlarge the degree of records availability and confidentiality, as all at once these distinctive CSPs are out of provider at the identical time or collude with each other to extract records of a user. This suggest a survey on the viable protection merits by means of creating use of multiple wonderful clouds at the identical time. In addition, this advice work as merging and splitting standards at some point of storage in cloud environment. In file access, personal keys produced the use of digital key generator. 3DES encryption algorithm generates key in a cipher text format to the users. Towards facts confidentiality, this advocate an assured facts hiding and spitting picture technique in cloud storage. In propose work, essential purpose will be photo compression with mutable statistics hiding approach whilst storing in the real cloud for data hiding & photo compression via the use of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) algorithm.

Enhanced secure data backup scheme using multi‐factor authentication

Remote data backup technology facilitates data storage for users. However, an attacker may intercept some sensitive data on transfer. To solve this problem, sensitive data should be encrypted before uploading to the remote storage. Thus, protecting the secret encryption key is very important. Liu et al. have designed a scheme to protect the secret key using the secret-sharing method and multi-factor authentication. Unfortunately, the authors find some security weaknesses of Liu et al. 's scheme. Liu et al. 's scheme cannot resist offline password guessing attack, the server impersonation attack, the user impersonation attack and an attacker updating password/biometrics attack. They present an enhanced secure data backup scheme using multi-factor authentication to overcome all above-mentioned security threats. The user first divided a secret used to encrypt sensitive data into three shares using Shamir's secret sharing. Moreover, then the user uses the own password and biometrics to hide the true shares, and stores the pseudo three shares in the smart card, the laptop and the server, separately. Furthermore, the proposed scheme is illustrated in detail, and they give a security comparison of their scheme with Liu et al. 's scheme and computational costs.

Survey on Cloud Computing Techniques for Data Integrity Checking

Cloud computing is a term that used instead of internet to describe the infrastructure, software services and storage via internet. Large data centers are available in cloud for remotely store user data. The users have no data control privileges when the data transferred to the Cloud and they are not aware of any security risk. Data can be altered by unauthorized user, threats and dishonest server. Farther more, Data which are either unused for a long a time or takes large memory space can be deleted by cloud service provider. The main issue of cloud computing today is data integrity and how can be maintaining. There for, security challenges users are need to ensure that their data are integral by periodically Data integrity checking. Several integrity checking techniques have been proposed to ensure the data integrity in cloud storage. This paper provides a survey of various data integrity checking techniques for cloud data stored. Objective of this survey focusing on existing integrity check techniques for cloud data storage and presenting their characteristics, benefits, functionality and limitations.

Leveraging Artificial Intelligence to Improve Voice Disorder Identification Through the Use of a Reliable Mobile App

The evolution of the Internet of Things, cloud computing and wireless communication has contributed to an advance in the interconnectivity, efficiency and data accessibility in smart cities, improving environmental sustainability, quality of life and well-being, knowledge and intellectual capital. In this scenario, the satisfaction of security and privacy requirements to preserve data integrity, confidentiality and authentication is of fundamental importance. In particular, this is essential in the healthcare sector, where health-related data are considered sensitive information able to reveal confidential details about the subject. In this regard, to limit the possibility of security attacks or privacy violations, we present a reliable mobile voice disorder detection system capable of distinguishing between healthy and pathological voices by using a machine learning algorithm. This latter is totally embedded in the mobile application, so it is able to classify the voice without the necessity of transmitting user data to or storing user data on any server. A Boosted Trees algorithm was used as the classifier, opportunely trained and validated on a dataset composed of 2003 voices. The most frequently considered acoustic parameters constituted the inputs of the classifier, estimated and analyzed in real time by the mobile application.

Optimizing and Implementation Contactless Tag-Reader System for Smart Classroom and Laboratory Access

Advances in wireless technology support smart card technology became contactless technology. Wireless technology allowed users to access or controlling. However, existing contactless smart cards have limited coverage with low security levels. Therefore, this research perform optimization on user access further with better security assurance. This research implemented in classroom and laboratory access. Hardware that used consists of Smart cards and Raspberry Pi that serves as a host and card reader that could be interconnected with the microprocessor. On the smart card stored user data (registration number and name) and on the Raspberry server stored user data that could access the class or laboratory. User’s data on smart cards were stored on chips that act like RAM (Random Access Memory). The chip was embedded in the Smart card in the same function as storage media. Raspberry that had function as server and microprocessor that provide access to registered users. This study produced classroom access system by using smart card with distance > 5cm with automatic access system for user registered on system. It was according to this research proposed about security and historical data. Reader in this research use wireless transmission system. Historical data stored on the server (Raspberry pi) which records the time in and out, and the duration of time while in the room. Additional technology in the classroom access system is equipped with an automatic door close system for double security in the classroom. The advantages of this system was using server and microcontroller in one package so that in terms of cost is cheaper than the smart card access technology available today.

Managing social contents in Decentralized Online Social Networks: A survey

The widespread diffusion of Online Social Networks has given unforeseen opportunities for their users to share contents and mutually interact. However, current platforms offer inadequate guarantees as far as concerns the privacy of their users. To address these issues and leave to the users more control on their data, several recent proposals suggest to decentralize the storage of social data, aiming at leaving their control entirely to their owners. This approach has lead to the definition of Decentralized Online Social Networks (DOSNs), ranging from completely decentralized solutions, i.e. P2P solutions, to hybrid systems integrating external and private resources for storing user data. While DOSNs allow users to have more control over their data, they raise new challenges concerning the management and availability of social data. Guaranteeing data availability in a highly dynamic environment, defining proper algorithms for information diffusion and guaranteeing data privacy in a distributed setting are currently open problems in this area.This survey presents an overview of these challenges and of the main solutions presented in the literature. Existing proposals are classified taking into account the strategies adopted to manage social data, focusing on the data availability and on information diffusion. The survey also presents the new privacy issues arising in DOSNs. Finally, an overview of the main open issues in this research area is presented.

Embedded Hardware Circuit and Software Development of USB based Hardware Accelerator

<p>This paper focus on design and develop a Hardware Accelerator which can plug in to Universal Serial Bus of any modern low power low cost embedded development system to do complex processing in a plug and play development environment. Cryptographic algorithms, steganography and encoding decoding applications can use co-devices to accelerate performance. In this paper an implementation of a hardware infrastructure for computing though USB bus of any small scale embedded controller board. Execution engine of the accelerator will be an FPGA which is connected to a USB controller with DDR memory to store user data. FPGAs can perform the process faster than low power microcontrollers to solve such algorithms. For the implementation XILINX ARTIX 7 FPGA is used to off load the algorithm for faster processing. System also has a Cypress USB interface chip for offloading data path. Hardware also has a DRAM memory for dumping the data to be stored. Design also explores different futuristic features like interrupt connection for faster response path, shared memory architecture for hand shake mechanism and GPIO connection for implementation of faster interfaces for IO expansion.</p>