Storage Life Research Articles

Hygrothermal Ageing and Life Prediction of Carbon Fiber Composite Structural Members on an Aircraft

The mechanism of hygrothermal ageing of carbon fiber composite structural members was analyzed in terms of changes in appearance, infrared spectra, mechanical properties and internal structure under hygrothermal conditions. Based on ASTM F1980-07, predicted values for the storage life of the structural members were obtained. The results show that after hygrothermal ageing, the surface of the structural member remains smooth, with no exposed fibers, degradation or ageing, and that the internal structure and mechanical properties are stable. The life predictions calculated according to the standard are in good agreement with the design life of the actual members.

Effect of Black Caraway Oil on Prolonging the Storage Life of Flaxseed Oil

The study was conducted for the purpose of prolonging the shelf life of flax oil by replacing different percentages of flax oil with black caraway oil. Flax oil was replaced with black caraway oil with of 10,5,2.5%, as well as a Comparison sample without addition. The samples were kept at a temperature of 25-30 °C for a period of 1 day, 3, 5 and 8 weeks. The results of estimating the fatty acids of flax oil showed a high content of alpha-linolenic fatty acid, as It reached 50.88%. As for oleic and linoleic acid, they reached 15.18,16.20%, respectively, while the percentages of linolenic, oleic and linoleic acid in black caraway oil were 0.22, 24.51, 55.2%, respectively. The results of estimating the effective compounds also showed that black caraway oil contains many effective compounds, and the compound, Phellandral, recorded the highest percentage, which amounted to 2.54%, and the paeonol compound recorded the lowest percentage, which amounted to 0.13%. As for the development in the pH, peroxide and thiobarbituric acid values of the samples, it was less in the oil sample with a 10% replacement ratio, as it reached 6.80, 3.33 mEq / kg fat, 0.051 mg Malone Dehyde / kg, respectively and the highest in the control treatment oil was 5.75, 5.25 mEq / kg fat, 0.085 mg Malone Aldehyde / kg, respectively, after 8 weeks of storage at a temperature of 30-25 ° C.

Comparative Effect of Melatonin and 1-Methylcyclopropene Postharvest Applications for Extending ‘Hayward’ Kiwifruit Storage Life

Kiwifruit, like many other fruits, is susceptible to dehydration, leading to texture changes and a loss of flavour during storage. Exposing kiwifruit to suboptimal temperatures can control these changes but can cause internal browning. Postharvest treatments with substances such as 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) are some of the most successful commercial technologies in the conservation of fruits and vegetables. In recent years, there has been a growing interest among researchers in alternative technologies based in postharvest treatments with plant growth regulators. In this sense, melatonin (MT) has been shown to improve fruit quality, extending shelf life. The aim of this study was to compare these two different technologies applied at postharvest to evaluate the impact on kiwifruit quality. Optimal 1-MCP fumigations and MT solutions were assayed on ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit under similar conditions. Quality parameters were evaluated at 14-day intervals during 84 days of cold storage plus 5 days at 20 °C. The results showed that both treatments were similarly effective in maintaining quality parameters such as weight loss, respiration, firmness, and acidity. Although 1-MCP treatments delayed the evolution of kiwifruit colour and chlorophyll degradation as compared to MT, MT treatments controlled chilling injury better than 1-MCP. This effect was not related to a greater cell membrane integrity since fruit batches treated with 1-MCP were the ones that showed the lowest electrolyte leakage level. In conclusion, both treatments maintained fruit quality and delayed ripening in a similar way. In this sense, the results suggest that MT immersion treatments could act as efficient delaying senescence as fumigations with 1-MCP maintaining kiwifruit quality during refrigerated storage.

Assessment of the technical state, residual life and service life extension of fire-retardant coatings for NPP turbine hall metal structures

Introduction. The article examines methods and means of monitoring the fire-retardant coatings of metal structures used in turbine halls of operating NPPs during the works on the assessment of the technical state, residual service life and service life extension of fire-retardant coatings. This appears to be an extremely urgent task, especially within the framework of the NPP pre-operation and service life extension. For operating NPPs, the re-surfacing of fire-retardant coatings due to the service life expiration can represent an insurmountable task.Aim. To establish current requirements for the content and sequence of works on the assessment of the technical state, residual life and service life extension of fire-retardant coatings applied to NPP turbine hall metal structures.Materials and methods. An analysis of existing methods and techniques for assessing the technical state, residual service life and service life extension of fire-retardant coatings applied to the turbine hall metal structures of operating NPPs was carried out.Results. The acknowledged methods and techniques for assessing the technical state, residual service life and service life extension of fire-retardant coatings are examined, their effectiveness is analyzed and promising trends on the establishment/forecast of the guaranteed service life are noted, including the development of promising fire-retardant compositions with an increased service life and the development of necessary programs-procedures for the establishment and substantiation of the guaranteed storage life of fire-retardant coatings, as well as the assessment of its extension.Conclusion. The requirements for the content and sequence of works on the assessment of the technical state, residual life and service life extension of fire-retardant coatings applied to NPP turbine hall metal structures are established.

Prevention of Chilling Injury in Pomegranates Revisited: Pre- and Post-Harvest Factors, Mode of Actions, and Technologies Involved.

The storage life of pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum L.) is limited by decay, chilling injury, weight loss, and husk scald. In particular, chilling injury (CI) limits pomegranate long-term storage at chilling temperatures. CI manifests as skin browning that expands randomly with surface spots, albedo brown discoloration, and changes in aril colors from red to brown discoloration during handling or storage (6-8 weeks) at <5-7 °C. Since CI symptoms affect external and internal appearance, it significantly reduces pomegranate fruit marketability. Several postharvest treatments have been proposed to prevent CI, including atmospheric modifications (MA), heat treatments (HT), coatings, use of polyamines (PAs), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonates (JA), melatonin and glycine betaine (GB), among others. There is no complete understanding of the etiology and biochemistry of CI, however, a hypothetical model proposed herein indicates that oxidative stress plays a key role, which alters cell membrane functionality and integrity and alters protein/enzyme biosynthesis associated with chilling injury symptoms. This review discusses the hypothesized mechanism of CI based on recent research, its association to postharvest treatments, and their possible targets. It also indicates that the proposed mode of action model can be used to combine treatments in a hurdle synergistic or additive approach or as the basis for novel technological developments.

Effect of Gibberellic Acid and Waxing on Quality and Storability of Lime Fruits

The effect of post-harvest treatment of gibberellic acid (GA3 )and/or waxing on quality and storability of lime fruits at 18 ± 1oC and85% – 90% relative humidity was evaluated. Treatment with 50 and 100ppm GA3 delayed senescence, maintained quality and extended storagelife of lime fruits. The higher the concentration of GA3 the more was theeffect. Treatment with GA3 and waxing was more effective than treatmentwith GA3 alone. The effects of GA3 and/or waxing in delayingsenescence, maintaining quality and extending storage life of limes wasmanifested in reduced respiration rate, weight loss, fruit softening andtotal soluble solids accumulation, delayed peel colour development(degreening), decreased titratable acidity and increased ascorbic acidretention.

Stabilizing zinc anodes for long-lifespan zinc–nickel battery through the in-situ construction of zincophilic interface layer

Zinc–nickel batteries are identified as one of the ideal next-generation energy storage technologies because of the advantages of high safety, low cost, and excellent rate performance. However, the limited reversibility of zinc electrode caused by dendrites growth, shape change and side reactions results in poor shelf life and cycling life. To overcome these limitations, a dense and uniform ZnS coating layer is in-situ constructed on ZnO surface to improve the stability of ZnO anode. Charge migration and redistribution occur at the interface of ZnO and ZnS, and an electric field is built, which promotes the charge transfer, enabling the anode with improved reversibility and reactivity. In addition, the ZnS layer protects active zinc from bulk electrolyte, inhibiting side reactions. Moreover, the zincophilic ZnS film regulates the Zn(OH)42− ions concentration gradient and harmonizes the ions migration, mitigating the shape change and dendrites growth. These features endow the ZnO@ZnS350 electrode with stable stripping/plating cycling behavior during 1000 h at 17 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the assembled zinc–nickel battery displayed an improved storage life and a significantly extended cycling life of higher than 790 h even at a high current of 10 A (∼138 mA cm−2) and higher than 690 h at 20 A (∼276 mA cm−2), which was largely longer than that based on ZnO electrodes, demonstrating great promise in practical applications.

Synthesizing Submicron Polyelectrolyte Capsules to Boost Enzyme Immobilization and Enhance Enzyme-Based Immunoassays.

Polyelectrolyte capsules (PCs) exhibit attractive superiorities in enzyme immobilization, including providing a capacious microenvironment for enzyme conformational freedom, highly effective mass transfer, and protecting enzymes from the external environment. Herein, we provide the first systemic evaluation of submicron PCs (SPCs, 500 nm) for enzyme immobilization. The catalytic kinetics results show that SPC encapsulation affected the affinities of enzymes and substrates but significantly enhanced their catalytic activity. The stability test indicates that SPC-encapsulated horseradish peroxidase (HRP) exhibits ultrahigh resistance to external harsh conditions and has a longer storage life than that of soluble HRP. The proposed encapsulation strategy enables 7.73-, 2.22-, and 11.66-fold relative activities when working at a pH as low as 3, at a NaCl concentration as high as 500 mM, and at a trypsin concentration as high as 10 mg/mL. We find that SPC encapsulation accelerates the cascade reaction efficiency of HRP and glucose oxidase. Owing to SPCs enhancing the catalytic activity of the loaded enzymes, we established an amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 using HRP-loaded SPCs. The detection sensitivity of SPC-improved ELISA was found to be 280 times greater than that of conventional HRP-based ELISA. Altogether, we provide an elaborate evaluation of 500 nm SPCs on enzyme immobilization and its application in the ultrasensitive detection of foodborne pathogens. This evaluation provides evidence to reveal the potential advantage of SPCs on enzyme immobilization for enzyme-based immunoassays. It has excellent biological activity and strong stability and broadens the application prospect in urine, soy sauce, sewage, and other special samples.

Synergistic effect of zinc and denak (Oliveria decumbens) essential oil to extend the storage life of pomegranate arils

BackgroundSemi-processed pomegranates are increasingly being used around the world. Due to their perishability, however, arils currently have a limited supply and distribution. The treatment of arils with zinc and denak essential oil (DEO) can assist in reducing the growth of pathogens and can contribute to an increase in storage life. Since zinc is nutritionally valuable, the experiment involved immersing arils in 0.8% zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) and packaging them in polypropylene (PP) containers. Then, labels were supercritically impregnated with DEO (25 and 50 μL L−1) in the packages. Sampling was performed regularly at 10-day intervals for 60 days of storage.ResultsZinc and DEO had a synergistic impact on all indices. The treatment of arils with 0.8% ZnSO4 and 50 µL L−1 DEO caused the maximum total soluble solids (TSS), firmness, titratable acidity (TA), total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity, and anthocyanin content, as well as the lowest weight loss (WL) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity.ConclusionsIn general, the effect of 0.8% ZnSO4 + 50 µL L−1 DEO was most efficient for the increase in storage life and maintained the qualitative characteristics of arils. Also, it caused the zinc content of arils to increase 36-fold. This may be an excellent strategy to meet the body’s nutritional demand for zinc.Graphical

Synthesis and characterization of biodegradable plastic material composed of Low-Density Polyethylene and cassava starch

Bioplastics make up less than 1% of overall plastics manufacturing, but the industry is growing. In 2019, about half of all bioplastics on the market (44.5 percent) are bio-based but not biodegradable. Biopolymers are the most hopeful material for this application because of their biodegradability and prolonged storage life properties which includes resistance to chemical and enzymatic activity. Starch is biodegradable, low-cost, and easily obtainable material. Starch cannot be considered a thermoplastic material due to van der Waals forces interactions and hydrogen bonding. Several plasticizers are used to make thermoplastic starches, which are thermoplastic materials that deform. Glycerol and palm oil were used individually, together with cassava starch and Low-Density Polyethylene. The compression, micro hardness, and biodegradability of the bioplastic were investigated. SEM and EDX were used to investigate the starch particles. According to biodegradation experiments applying glycerol as a plasticizer, 95% of the LDPE has degraded by 2.26%, 5.44%, and 9.5% after 7, 14, and 28 days respectively. Utilizing palm oil as a plasticizer depicts that 95% of the LDPE degraded by 1.22%, 1.81%, and 3.92% after 7, 14, and 28 days. This indicates that glycerol and starch biodegrade faster than palm oil and starch. This study reveals that the combination of glycerol and cassava starch has better physicochemical properties than palm oil and starch.

Thermal decomposition reaction kinetics and storage life prediction of polyacrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive

Abstract The thermal decomposition behavior of polyacrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) at heating rates of 4, 6, 8, and 10 K·min−1 was measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The kinetic parameters for thermal decomposition reaction of the polyacrylate adhesive were obtained from TG profile by differential method and integral method (Kissinger, general integral, MacCallum–Tanner, Šatava–Šesták, Agrawal, and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa), the results show that the main decomposition stage of the polyacrylate adhesive starts at 301°C and its activation energy is 142.68 kJ·mol−1, the pre exponential factor is 109.55, the decomposition mechanism obeys Avrami–Erofeev equation and its decomposition kinetic equation can be expressed as: dα/dT = (109.55/β)[(1 − α)/2][−ln(1 − α)]−1exp(−1.7161 × 104/T). The storage life of PSA at 25°C was predicted to be about 19 years by isoconversional method.

Impact of Postharvest Putrescine Treatments on Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Capacity, Organic Acid Contents and Some Quality Characteristics of Fresh Fig Fruits during Cold Storage

The storage and shelf life of the fig, which has a sensitive fruit structure, is short, and this results in excessive economic losses. In a study carried out to contribute to the solution of this problem, the effect of postharvest putrescine application at different doses (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mM) on fruit quality characteristics and biochemical content during cold storage in figs was determined. At the end of the cold storage, the decay rate and weight loss in the fruit were in the ranges of 1.0-1.6% and 1.0-5.0 %, respectively. The decay rate and weight loss were lower in putrescine-applied fruit during cold storage. Putrescine application had a positive effect on the changes in fruit flesh firmness values. The SSC rate of fruit varied between 14 and 20%, while significant differences in the SSC rate occurred depending on storage time and putrescine application dose. With putrescine application, the decrease in the acidity rate of the fig fruit during cold storage was smaller. At the end of the cold storage, the acidity rate was between 1.5-2.5% and 1.0-5.0. Putrescine treatments affected total antioxidant activity values and changes occurred in total antioxidant activity depending on the application dose. In the study, it was observed that the amount of phenolic acid in fig fruit decreased during storage and putrescine doses prevented this decrease. Putrescine treatment affected the changes in the quantity of organic acids during cold storage, and this effect varied depending on the type of organic acid and the length of the cold storage period. As a result, it was revealed that putrescine treatments can be used as an effective method to maintain postharvest fruit quality in figs.

Effect of Two-Step Sous Vide Cooking and Storage on Microbiological and Oxidative Stability of Chicken Breast

A two-step sous vide method, which included a low temperature initial stage, was shown to improve texture parameters, increase the solubility of proteins, and decrease the cook loss in chicken breasts. The current work was designed to determine the effect of two-step sous vide and subsequent storage on the microbiological and oxidative stability of chicken breasts. Inoculated chicken breasts were vacuum packaged and cooked at two temperatures, 50 °C and 60 °C, combined in different ratios of the same total cooking time (120 min), and then stored for 21 days at 4 °C, 10 °C, and -20 °C, and compared with the one-step temperature treatment (60 °C for 120 min). One-step sous vide treatment resulted in the total inactivation of Enterococcus faecalis NCAIM B. 01312. Meanwhile, the two-step sous vide treatments resulted in a higher than 3 log reduction in Enterococcus faecalis NCAIM B. 01312, reaching the target pasteurization performance criterion of sous vide for poultry meat. Lipid oxidation and the odor of all chicken breasts remained acceptable for 21 days of storage at 4 °C and -20 °C. Conversely, all chicken breasts had higher lipid oxidation rates and odor after 21 days of storage at 10 °C. Two-step-sous-vide-treated chicken breasts were found to be microbiologically stable regarding Enterococcus faecalis NCAIM B. 01312 and total mesophilic aerobic counts during 21 days of storage at 4 °C and -20 °C, in contrast with those stored at 10 °C. It can be concluded that two-step-sous-vide-cooked chicken breasts had acceptable oxidative and microbiological stability during chilled and frozen storage, similar to one-step sous vide ones. These outcomes highlight that two-step heat treatment can be used as an alternative cooking method to improve the quality properties without compromising the storage life of chicken breasts.

Physiological and Biochemical Changes in the Seeds of Naturally Aged Wenling Medic (Medicago polymorpha) with Its Recovery of Viability

Wenling Medic (Medicago polymorpha) is common in southern China and has long been utilized as a vegetable in eastern China, as well as a significant raw ingredient for livestock and pickled meals. As a legume, there is still a research vacuum, and the first problem Wenling Medic faces in production is the problem of seed germination. The germination percentage of Wenling Medic was low, according to production practice and laboratory tests performed in this work. Furthermore, after more than two years of storage, the germination percentage of Wenling Medic dropped sharply, and it lacked a long enough seed life. An attempt was made to restore the viability of the seeds using the polyethylene glycol (PEG) osmoregulation-mediated priming method, after the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the seeds were assessed using the anthrone method, Bradford assay, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method, and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method. The findings showed that it has a relatively short storage age and, with a useable life of only two years under normal aging circumstances, is not deactivated soon after harvesting. In addition, whereas protein content and α-amylase concentration did not significantly correlate (p &gt; 0.05) with storage life, the conductivity of exudate, malondialdehyde content, and carbohydrate content did (p &lt; 0.05). The seed viability was not considerably increased by the saturation initiation mediated by osmoregulation, utilizing PEG. In conclusion, the decrease in Wenling Medic seeds’ germination ability was substantially connected with higher levels of lipid peroxidation and decreased carbohydrate levels, but not with protein concentrations or α-amylase activity. The timing of dehydration may need to be carefully controlled when using PEG osmoregulation to prime Wenling Medic seeds.

Digital twins for secure thermal energy storage in building

The purpose of this work is to explore the role of the safe and optimal scheduling of thermal energy storage systems in intelligent buildings in promoting sustainable economic development under Digital Twins (DTs) technology. Phase Change Material (PCM) has high energy density, constant temperature storage, small footprint, and long service life. Here, PCM is first placed in the indoor building structure, and the DTs technology is introduced. In the development of intelligent buildings, the data generated by the energy storage system of intelligent buildings in the real space can be mapped to the virtual space in real time for simultaneous analysis. In addition, the PCM wall structure and thermal network DTs model are designed for the intelligent building. In addition, the PCW structure is used to build a thermal energy storage and dispatch model of the smart thermoelectric building based on DTs. Finally, the model is evaluated and analyzed experimentally. The analysis of system optimization power under different schemes indicates that the scheduling operation strategy of thermal energy storage of building walls can avoid overcharging or over-discharging batteries in the microgrid and reduce battery power consumption. Besides, the building wall energy storage capacity is always in the range of 0.2 ∼ 0.8 on the all-weather scale. Moreover, the model constructed here achieves significantly lower economic costs, environmental costs, and energy costs and a better energy-saving effect than the existing model. The model built here can serve as experimental reference for further digital energy storage in intelligent buildings and comprehensive energy utilization because of its superior safety performance and lower consumption.

The combined application of Arabic gum coating and γ-aminobutyric acid mitigates chilling injury and maintains eating quality of ‘Kinnow’ mandarin fruits

Low temperature storage of citrus generally extends the storage potential but leads to chilling injury appearance on the rind of fruits. The said physiological disorder has been found associated with changes in the metabolism of cell walls and other attributes. In this work, the influence of Arabic gum [AG (10 %)] and γ-amminobutyric acid [GABA (10 mmol L−1)] either alone or in combined form was studied on fruits of ‘Kinnow’ mandarin during storage at 5 ± 1 °C for 60 days. The results exhibited that the combined AG + GABA treatment significantly suppressed weight loss (5.13 %), chilling injury (CI) symptoms (2.41 score), incidence of disease (13.33 %), respiration rate [(4.81 μmol kg−1 h−1) RPR] and ethylene production [(0.86 nmol kg−1 h−1) EPR]. In addition, AG + GABA application reduced relative electrolyte (37.89 %) leakage (REL), malondialdehyde [(25.99 nmol kg−1) MDA], superoxide anion [(15.23 nmol min−1 kg−1) O2•−] and hydrogen peroxide [(27.08 nmol kg−1) H2O2] along with lower lipoxygenase [(23.81 U mg−1 protein) LOX] and phospholipase D [(14.07 U mg−1 protein) PLD] enzyme activities compared with control. The AG + GABA treated ‘Kinnow’ group showed higher glutamate decarboxylase [(43.18 U mg−1 protein) GAD] and lower GABA transaminase [(15.93 U mg−1 protein) GABA-T] activity having higher endogenous GABA (42.02 mg kg−1) content. The fruits treated with AG + GABA exhibited higher cell walls (CW) components such as Na2CO3-soluble pectin [(6.55 g kg−1) NCSP], chelate-soluble pectin [(7.13 g kg−1) CSP] and protopectin [(11.03 g kg−1) PRP] concentrations along with lower water-soluble pectin [(10.64 g kg−1) WSP] compared to control. In addition, ‘Kinnow’ fruits treated with AG + GABA showed higher firmness (8.63 N) and lower activities of CW degrading such as cellulase [(11.23 U mg−1 protein) CX], polygalacturonase [(22.59 U mg−1 protein) PG], pectin methylesterase [(15.61 U mg−1 protein) PME] and β-galactosidase [(20.64 U mg−1 protein) β-Gal] enzymes. The activity of catalase [(41.56 U mg−1 protein) CAT], ascorbate peroxidase [(55.57 U mg−1 protein) APX], superoxide dismutase [(52.93 U mg−1 protein) SOD] and peroxidase [(31.02 U mg−1 protein) POD] was also higher in combined treatment. In addition, AG + GABA treated fruits showed better biochemical and sensory attributes than the control. So, combined AG + GABA could be used for CI mitigation and storage life prolongation of ‘Kinnow’ fruits.

Mechanistic action of pesticides on pests and their consequent effect on fishes and human health with remediation strategies

Abstract Population detonation and inflated demand for agricultural products have resulted in the rampant use of pesticides in recent years. These pesticides are used to reduce the number of pesticides by different mechanisms. They have been utilized in agriculture to expand agrarian profit, crop yield, quality, and storage life. The incessant and extensive use of resistant pesticides has contaminated the water bodies, fields, crops, and aquatic biota as well as poses a threat to human health. As a result, stringent regulations and limits are established to monitor the pesticide matrix. The current review focuses on pesticide contamination in the food chain, particularly from the aquatic bodies to fishes and humans. It also discusses strict regulations and limits including maximum residual limits for food items, acceptable daily intake, theoretical maximum daily intake, and estimated carcinogenicity/non-carcinogenicity for fishes and human health risks. In addition to conferring the negative effects of pesticides, this article discusses cost-effective remediation techniques such as phytoremediation, adsorption, the Fenton oxidation method, microalgal/high-rate algal ponds, and nanotechnology with the comparison of their remediation cost.

Development of easy-handled, formaldehyde-free, high-bonding performance bio-sourced wood adhesives by co-reaction of furfuryl alcohol and wheat gluten protein

Bio-sourced wood adhesives are an alternative of actuality for petroleum-derived binders used to-day in the timber industry. Inspired by the classical furfuryl alcohol (FA) acid-catalyzed polymerization strategy, a convenient preparation method is proposed for developing wood adhesives derived from sustainable hydrolyzed wheat gluten protein (HWG) and furfuryl alcohol (FA). The obtained HWG-FA wood adhesives show a correct non-volatiles content and initial viscosity. The interaction mechanism of HWG and FA is suggested based on the analyses of FT-IR, 13C NMR, and MALDI-TOF spectra. A competitive reaction relationship was observed between FA-catalyzed self-condensation and the crosslinking of the HWG amino group by the FA hydroxymethyl groups, central to help lengthen the storage life of the adhesives. The adhesive network built-up by FA self-polymerization presents an excellent bonding performance and retardation of water intrusion. The products obtained from the reactions between HWG and FA improve the adhesive network level of crosslinking, which enhances the performance of the adhesives. Moreover, the HWG-FA wood adhesive shows outstanding wet shear strength that exceeds the China National Standard (GB/T 9846-2015, ≥ 0.7 MPa) requirement for exterior-grade plywood type I. This result has seldom been obtained in previous research concerning high biomass content wood adhesives. This research provides a method for preparation of sustainable, eco-friendly, formaldehyde-free, wood adhesive with high-performance.

Optimisation of the controlled atmosphere storage and shelf life of Lilium longiflorum

To prolong the storage period of fresh Lilium longiflorum, maintain its quality during storage, and optimise the controlled atmosphere (CA) storage parameters. In a single-factor experiment, the temperature, humidity, and O2 and CO2 concentrations were considered as primary factors affecting the CA storage of L. longiflorum. Then, a comprehensive score was optimised using a back propagation neural network combined with empirical data. Finally, experimental verification was undertaken. The optimal concentrations of O2 and CO2 were 4.5% and 3.8%, respectively. A storage temperature of 4.2°C and a relative humidity of 90% were ideal. Under these conditions, the comprehensive evaluation score for L. longiflorum was 0.8424 (P &gt; 0.05), consistent with the predicted value of 0.8372. Compared to ordinary cold storage, the storage period of L. longiflorum under these CA storage conditions was effectively prolonged. This provided an experimental basis for the CA storage of L. longiflorum.

Advances in Postharvest Storage and Preservation Strategies for Pleurotus eryngii.

The king oyster mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii) is a delicious edible mushroom that is highly prized for its unique flavor and excellent medicinal properties. Its enzymes, phenolic compounds and reactive oxygen species are the keys to its browning and aging and result in its loss of nutrition and flavor. However, there is a lack of reviews on the preservation of Pl. eryngii to summarize and compare different storage and preservation methods. This paper reviews postharvest preservation techniques, including physical and chemical methods, to better understand the mechanisms of browning and the storage effects of different preservation methods, extend the storage life of mushrooms and present future perspectives on technical aspects in the storage and preservation of Pl. eryngii. This will provide important research directions for the processing and product development of this mushroom.