Stop Bleeding Research Articles

Successful use of condom catheters for management of uterine inversion: Case report and literature review.

Introduction and importanceUterine inversion is a rare case but can lead to maternal death. Treatment options start from repositioning the uterus to surgery. Surgery should be prevented because this procedure is associated with complications and long-term effects on women. A case report describes the use of condom chateters in the management of bleeding due to uterine inversion.Case presentationMrs. SIM, a 35-year-old secondary primigravida woman, was referred from the midwife's independent practice 3 h after her third delivery with a diagnosis of uterine prolapse and hypovolemic shock. The patient successfully underwent a manual placenta but part of her uterus turned inside out accompanied by bleeding. At the referral hospital, the patient was diagnosed with uterine inversion. The main action is to reposition the uterus, then maintain it with internal bimanual compression. After the patient's perineum was sutured, the patient was observed for uterine contractions and given antibiotics. The patient had intermittent uterine contractions and bleeding therefore she was initiated to insert a condom catheter. The patient showed signs of improvement in her general condition and no active bleeding was found.Clinical discussionAn accurate diagnosis needs to be made early so that there is no misdiagnosis between uterine prolapse and uterine inversion. Good teamwork is needed in case management. It is necessary to approach both primary and tertiary health facilities for case screening and initial management.ConclusionCondom catheters can be helpful in the management of uterine inversion, particularly in stopping bleeding.

Compression devices for temporary hemostasis in injuries of the abdomen and adjacent ileo‑inguinal areas (literature review)

The review analyzes the available literature on the experimental justification and experience of practical application of existing promising devices for stopping intra‑abdominal and external bleeding in the ilio‑inguinal regions by creating an external local compression. Objective : to analyze the order of application, effectiveness and parameters of safe use of “abdominal tourniquet” for local compression of the abdomen and ilio‑inguinal areas with continued bleeding into the peritoneal cavity and pelvic tissue, damage to the vessels of the ilio‑femoral segment, as well as with high hip detachments, when it is impossible to fix the classic tourniquet. Materials and methods. The analysis of modern domestic and foreign literature, the sacred relevance of the pathology under consideration, the constructive features of the main models of devices for creating external compression in the abdomen and adjacent areas of the body, the experience and results of their application in laboratory and real conditions is carried out. Results. The obtained data allow us to assert that today the following four models belong to the main products of the above‑described purpose: AAJT (Abdominal Aortic and Junctional Tourniquet), CRoC (Combat Ready Clamp), JETT (Junctional Emergency Treatment Tool), SJT (SAM Junctional Tourniquet). The considered devices for creating local compression provide temporary hemostasis in intra‑abdominal bleeding, injury of large vessels of the ilio‑inguinal regions and high separation of the thighs, but their use has a number of features that affect the effectiveness of stopping blood flow. Conclusion. The considered compression devices have design features and limitations, so when creating a domestic analog, additional data on the algorithm of use is needed, depending on the area of the wound and the intended source of bleeding, the timing of fixation, as well as the possible combination of this method of temporary hemostasis with other promising methods of stopping bleeding at the pre‑hospital stage.

The use of self-assembling peptides (PuraStat) for hemostasis in cervical endocrine surgery. A real-life case series of 353 patients.

IntroductionCervical endocrine surgery is frequent and carries the risk of rare but potentially life-threatening bleeding complications. Energy-based devices for stopping bleeding are not always usable in contact with nerves or parathyroid glands. Topical hemostatic agents may be an additional resource. PuraStat™, made of the self-assembling peptide RADA16, forms a new category of topical hemostatic agents.ObjectiveTo assess the performance and safety of PuraStat to achieve hemostasis in cervical endocrine surgery.MethodsA retrospective chart review over four years was performed on 353 patients undergoing thyroidectomy and/or parathyroidectomy by a single senior surgeon, using PuraStat at the end of surgery in contact with recurrent nerves and parathyroid glands.Results353 patients (79.06% female, mean age 54 years) underwent surgery with six weeks follow-up visit. Three patients had revision surgery for hematoma within the first 4 h (0.84%), which is within the low ranges reported in the literature. There was no delayed bleeding after 24 h, and dysphonia was observed in 15 patients, more severe for 2 patients (one unilateral and one bilateral palsy), and transient for the other 13 patients suggesting no product-related damage to the recurrent nerves. Hypocalcemia with clinical signs were reported in 8 cases. There were no unexpected adverse events.ConclusionThis is the first report of the use of PuraStat in patients undergoing cervical endocrine surgery, showing high performance and safety in achieving hemostasis and in preventing delayed bleeding without damage to the recurrent nerves. Further randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm the results.

The formation mechanism of the bilayer capsular contracture after an augmentation mammoplasty with a rough-surface prosthesis and its prevention and treatment.

The present study aimed to explore the formation mechanism of the bilayer capsular contracture after augmentation mammoplasty with a rough-surface prosthesis and its prevention and treatment. The nursing process, clinical signs, intraoperative findings, and pathological data after an augmentation mammoplasty with rough-surface prosthesis were observed and collected, the formation mechanism of the bilayer capsular contracture was analyzed, and the prevention and treatment were also discussed. A total of 18 patients were included into the present study, among which 15 patients underwent capsule relaxation plus secondary augmentation mammoplasty and three patients encountered a single-layer capsular contracture after the operation; the recurrence rate was 16%. All patients were followed up for 1-13years without a presentation of recurrence. The formation of the bilayer capsular contracture after augmentation mammoplasty is correlated with the formation of the inner capsule, inadequate separation of cavities, foreign body reaction, and an improper massage of the breasts, and the effective preventive measures include removing new cavities, resecting the capsular contracture capsule, stopping bleeding, replanting a rough-surface or smooth prosthesis, and correcting breast massaging.

Recurrent bleeding after rubber band ligation diagnosed as mild hemophilia B: a case report and literature review

BackgroundHemophilia is a recessive hemorrhagic disease relevant to X chromosome. In mild hemophilia cases, spontaneous bleeding is rare and the blood clotting function is normal, but severe bleeding may occur after trauma or surgery. Therefore, missed diagnosis of hemophilia before operation may contribute to bleeding after hemorrhoid operation.Case presentationA 21-year-old male was hospitalized in the anorectal department because of repeated bleeding after hemorrhoid surgery. Despite several suture hemostasis procedures, the patient still suffered from recurrent bleeding. He had no family history of hemophilia or bleeding tendency, and had not been diagnosed with hemophilia before this admission. The diagnosis of mild hemophilia B was made after further examination of coagulation indexes. By using frozen plasma and coagulation factor complex to supplement coagulation factors, the patient’s bleeding was stopped and he was discharged after 23 days in hospital. During the follow-up, lower-than-normal coagulation factors were still found in him, but no bleeding occurred again.ConclusionsThe undiagnosed patient with mild hemophilia B has an increased risk of bleeding after hemorrhoid surgery because of the consumption of coagulation factors. This case report aims to address the importance of hemophilia screening before operation and reduce the risk of postoperative bleeding. For patients with recurrent bleeding after hemorrhoid surgery, hemophilia should be further excluded. Wound bleeding may recur in hemophilia patients after suture hemostasis. Therefore, prompt supplementation of coagulation factors is needed to help stop bleeding once the diagnosis of hemophilia is made.

Efektivitas Penghambatan Enzim Xantin Oksidase Ekstrak Etanol Dan Fraksi Etanol, Fraks Etil Asetat Serta Fraksi N-Heksane Kulit Batang Mangrove Merah (Rhizopora Mucronata)

Hyperuresmia is an increase in serum uric acid levels above the normal limit (7.0 mg/dL for men and 6.0 mg/dL for women). Hyperuresmia at an advanced stage can cause gout or gout (a disease that attacks the joints and causes joint damage), kidney stones, kidney damage, and hypertension. One of the types of mangrove plants in Indonesia is the red mangrove (Rhizopora mucronata). Utilization of red mangrove as a traditional medicine has long been used as a medicine for sprains, diarrhea, dysentery, blood urine, fever, angina, diabetes, hematuria, stopping bleeding, coughing, inflammation and rheumatism. Rhizophora mucronata contains secondary metabolites of the phenol group, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, glucosides, terpenoids, and alkaloids. The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase ethanol extract and bark fraction of red mangrove (Rhizopora mucronata) in vitro. The research process begins with the extraction of the bark of the red mangrove (Rhizopora mucronata) with 96% ethanol, then the process of fractionation using the liquid-liquid partition method with a separating funnel. Testing the activity of xanthine oxidase inhibition in vitro using a UV/VIS spectrophotometer. The results showed that the ethanol extract, ethanol fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and hexane fraction showed inhibitory activity of the xanthine oxidase enzyme with IC50 values ​​of 197,558 ± 20,862; 58,755 ± 3,821; 38,543 ± 1,440 and 210,213 ± 15,577 ppm. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract and bark fraction of red mangrove (Rhizopora mucronata) can inhibit the activity of the xanthine oxidase enzyme with the ethyl acetate fraction providing the highest inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of ; 38,543 ± 1,440 ppm

Analyzing Liver Tissue Responses To Local Hemostatic Agents

Objective – Our study aimed at evaluating changes in liver tissues after simulated injury and use of novel hemostatic agents (containing tranexamic acid) in the course of in vivo experiment. Material and Methods – The following hemostatic agents were studies: TachoComb collagen plate (Group 1); samples of novel local hemostatic agents based on sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), Na-CMC (Group 2); Na-CMC + tranexamic acid (Group 3). We performed the study on 30 rabbits with simulated liver laceration via laparoscopy, and were stopping bleeding by means of the above-mentioned methods. Then, on liver tissue micrographs, we were measuring capsule thickness (μm), sizes of hepatocytes and their nuclei (px), number of binuclear hepatocytes. We were also calculating nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (NCR) of hepatocytes, as well as identifying qualitative and quantitative capsule composition in tested samples. Results – In the collagen plate group, the capsule width was 3.2-fold and 3.6-fold of this parameter in samples from Groups 2 and 3. Indirectly, this finding implied more severe inflammatory and regenerative processes aimed at limiting injury area, and was confirmed by statistically significant differences in the cellular composition of the capsule surrounding tested samples (fibroblastic cells predominated in Groups 2 and 3, and there were fewer of them in Group 1). The highest cell index (CI) value was detected in Group 3. Conclusion – A significant boundary zone separating tested materials from the liver parenchyma was also observed due to connective tissue growth as part of inflammatory response.

2021 Chinese consensus on the diagnosis and management of primary immune thrombocytopenia in pregnancy.

2021 Chinese consensus on the diagnosis and management of primary immune thrombocytopenia in pregnancy.

TACTICS AND TREATMENT OF BLEEDING OF ENLARGED VARICOSE VEINS OF THE ESOPHAGUS AND STOMACH IN CHILDREN WITH PORTAL HYPERTENSION

The effectiveness of providing qualified medical care for portal hypertension syndrome and esophageal-gastric bleeding in children depends on timely diagnosis, timely performed, if necessary, stopping bleeding and adequate surgical treatment. However, when hospitalized later than 1-2 days from the beginning of the first signs of bleeding, the outcome is largely determined by the methods used to stop bleeding, their pathogenetic correspondences to the patterns of development of hepatic and multiple organ failure. Abstract. The effectiveness of providing qualified medical care for portal hypertension syndrome and esophageal-gastric bleeding in children depends on timely diagnosis, timely performed, if necessary, stopping bleeding and adequate surgical treatment. However, when hospitalized later than 1-2 days from the beginning of the first signs of bleeding, the outcome is largely determined by the methods used to stop bleeding, their pathogenetic correspondences to the patterns of development of hepatic and multiple organ failure.

The opinions of social workers concerning means of development of medical social care of population

The article reflects main problems and opinions of social workers about possibilities of improving medical social care of population and providing social medical services. This group of specialists is forced to implement significant amount of work that is not regulated by their official duties. The lack of necessary competencies does not allow social workers to provide medical social assistance to consumers of medical social services to sufficient extent. To ensure interaction between medical and social workers largely falls on shoulders of the latter ones. They have to undertake a number of medical functions (examination, temporary stop of bleeding, blood pressure measurement, etc.). It conceives appropriate to transfer some of functions of junior and paramedical staff to social workers. The study results can be applied as methodological basis of increasing accessibility of medical social care and provided social and medical services to various groups of population.

Medicinal plants species used in male circumcision among the Bagishu of Eastern Uganda

Background: Plants have long been used in traditional medicine and in cultural practices such as circumcision. Circumcision is one of the oldest and most widely performed procedures globally. Although male circumcision among the Bagishu in Eastern Uganda has been widely studied, these studies have focused on social and cultural aspects of the ritual. No study has ever investigated the medicinal plant species used during the process despite their widespread use and importance. Methods: An ethnobotanical study was conducted in Sironko district, in Eastern Uganda, to document the medicinal plants used by the Bagishu during the male circumcision ritual. Semi-structured questionnaires were used for data collection. Fifteen traditional practitioners were identified using the snowball technique and interviewed. Results: Four medicinal plant were used in male circumcision, namely: Cissampelos mucronata A.Rich, Conyza sumatrensis (S.F.Blake) Pruski & G.Sancho, Dracaena fragrans (L.) Ker Gawl, and Urtica massaica Mildbr. These herbs are either administered orally or applied topically on wounds. C. mucronata was the most frequently used plant for wound healing. It is also believed to give courage and embolden young men before circumcision. Conclusion: The Bagishu use medicinal plants during circumcision rituals mainly for treating wounds and stopping bleeding. This knowledge is on the verge of being lost despite its potential economic and health benefits in terms of wound healing. Key words: Traditional practitioners, male circumcision, medicinal plants, Uganda

Mechanisms Underlying Dichotomous Procoagulant COAT Platelet Generation-A Conceptual Review Summarizing Current Knowledge.

Procoagulant platelets are a subtype of activated platelets that sustains thrombin generation in order to consolidate the clot and stop bleeding. This aspect of platelet activation is gaining more and more recognition and interest. In fact, next to aggregating platelets, procoagulant platelets are key regulators of thrombus formation. Imbalance of both subpopulations can lead to undesired thrombotic or bleeding events. COAT platelets derive from a common pro-aggregatory phenotype in cells capable of accumulating enough cytosolic calcium to trigger specific pathways that mediate the loss of their aggregating properties and the development of new adhesive and procoagulant characteristics. Complex cascades of signaling events are involved and this may explain why an inter-individual variability exists in procoagulant potential. Nowadays, we know the key agonists and mediators underlying the generation of a procoagulant platelet response. However, we still lack insight into the actual mechanisms controlling this dichotomous pattern (i.e., procoagulant versus aggregating phenotype). In this review, we describe the phenotypic characteristics of procoagulant COAT platelets, we detail the current knowledge on the mechanisms of the procoagulant response, and discuss possible drivers of this dichotomous diversification, in particular addressing the impact of the platelet environment during in vivo thrombus formation.

Manajemen Atonia Uteri

Background: Uterine atony is one of the post-partum bleeding that can cause death in the mother. Uterine atony is an obstetric emergency and is one of the top five causes of maternal death. Post-partum/post-partum bleeding (PPH) is bleeding that occurs after delivery. Uterine atony is the 5th cause of maternal death. Method: The source search was carried out on the online portal of journal publications as many as 16 sources from MedScape, Google Scholar and the Nation Center for Biotechnology Information / NCBI with the keywords "uterine atony" and “postpartum hemorrhage”. Discussion: Bleeding in uterine atony occurs during the third stage of labor, where after the delivery of the placenta the myometrial muscles should contract to constrict the arteries and stop bleeding at the placental implantation site. Management of the third stage is an important stage in labor that plays a role in preventing post-partum bleeding. Conclusion: Uterine atony can be diagnosed when there is more blood loss than usual and a flaccid and enlarged uterus. Active management of the third stage is a way to prevent uterine atony.

The Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacology, Toxicity, and Applications of Corydalis saxicola Bunting: A Review.

Background: Corydalis saxicola Bunting (CSB) is a perennial herb belonging to genus Corydalis (Papaveraceae), called “Yan-huang-lian” in the Chinese folk. Traditionally, it is used to treat acute conjunctivitis, corneal pannus, acute abdominal pain, hemorrhoidal bleeding, haematochezia, swelling, hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) concepts. Purpose: This review aims to summarize and analyze the pharmacokinetics, pharmacological and toxicological properties of CSB and its extracts; to highlight the relevance of modern pharmacology to traditional pharmacology; also to assess its therapeutic potential. Methods: CSB related literatures were searched and screened from databases including PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI. The selected literatures provided reliable source identification evidences. Results: In traditional medicine concepts, CSB has the effects of clearing away heat and detoxification, eliminating dampness, relieving pain, and stopping bleeding. Its modern pharmacology includes hepatoprotective, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, anti-oxidative effects. Further, some pharmacological effects support its traditional uses. The CSB total alkaloids (CSBTA) are the main constituents isolated from this plant, and they exert the major of the pharmacological effects. Toxicological studies have shown that the toxicity of CSBTA is mild and reversible in rodents and beagle dogs. Conclusion: Although the present study summarizes the botany, phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, toxicity, and applications of this plant, it is still necessary to systemically evaluate the chemistry, safety and parameters related to drug metabolism of the extracts or compounds from this plant before or in clinical trials in the future. Meanwhile, cancers and inflammatory-related diseases may be new research directions of this ethnomedicine.

Experimental studies of a thermoelectric device for stopping bleeding by the method of local freezing of the blood flow zone

Objective.The purpose of the article is to highlight the results of experimental studies, the measurement technique, as well as the design of a laboratory stand for carrying out field tests of a thermoelectric device (TEC) for stopping bleeding by the method of local freezing of the blood flow zone.Method.An experimental stand and a technique for carrying out measurements of a laboratory sample of a TEU for stopping bleeding by the method of local freezing of the blood flow zone are described. The experimental stand is made on the basis of the measuring equipment of the laboratory of semiconductor thermoelectric devices and devices of Daghestan State Technical University.Result.The graphs of the time dependence of the temperature change of the control points of the laboratory sample of TEC for stopping bleeding by the method of local freezing of the blood flow zone at various supply currents of the thermoelectric battery (TEB) were obtained. The control points were cold and hot junctions of TEB, a simulator of a biological object.Conclusion.The data obtained show that with an increase in the area of blood flow, it takes more time to stop it. An increase in the diameter of the hole with blood flow by an average of 1 mm increases the duration of thrombus formation, which stops bleeding by an average of 20 s. During the experiment, it was found that to ensure the efficient operation of the TEU, it is sufficient to use the commercially available TEB brand ICE- 71.

МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПЕРЕВЯЗОЧНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ГЕМОСТАТИЧЕСКОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ У ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ ЖИВОТНЫХ

Subject. In recent years, scientific research has been carried out to create new means for stopping bleeding, developed on the basis of hybrid organic-inorganic materials that contrib-ute to ensuring effective stopping of bleeding, regardless of blood clotting factors.
 The purpose of the study. To conduct a morphological study in experimental conditions on animals for a comparative assessment of the hemostatic effect of dressings coated with aluminum dioxide and iron nanoparticles.
 Methodology. To assess the hemostatic effect, an experimental study was conducted in the morphological laboratory of the Central Research Institute of State Medical University named after Abuali Ibni Sino on male white rats of the Vistar breed, weighing from 202 to 395, divided into 3 groups: 1st (control) – a bleeding wound was observed before its sponta-neous stop; 2nd group – nanostructured Aloobene was used; 3rd – a bleeding wound was treat-ed nanostructured Fe2O3. When setting up the experiment, the following main indicators of bleeding were determined: the time of stopping bleeding and the volume of blood loss.
 Results. When using nanostructured Aloobene, elements of necrosis of the epidermis and dermis were noted – scab; fragments of destroyed hair follicles, hair, sebaceous and sweat glands in the scab; stagnant full-blooded vessels; inflammatory cellular infiltrates. In the der-mis and hypoderma, fullness and stagnation in the vessels, pronounced edema and destruction of fibrous-fibrous tissue were determined. Diffuse leukocyte infiltrates, foci of hemorrhage and necrosis were detected in places in the tissues. The inflammatory infiltrate forms clear contours of the de-marking line.
 Conclusions. The obtained results of a morphological study in experimental animals in-dicate a greater effectiveness of the blood-reducing effect when using aluminum oxide com-pared with iron oxide, the absence of toxic and teratogenic effects.

Effect on ovarian activity and ovulation inhibition of different oral dosages of levonorgestrel

ObjectivesTo investigate the effect of different oral dosages of levonorgestrel (LNG) on ovarian activity and to identify the lowest dosage at which no ovulation occurred. Secondary objectives were to assess return of ovulation after stopping treatment, bleeding pattern, pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters and safety and tolerability. Study designA parallel-group study with adaptive design was performed in 90 healthy women with proven ovulatory cycles. Investigated dosages were LNG 0.095, 0.115 and 0.135 mg per day. Measurements of follicular growth and estradiol (E2) and progesterone concentrations were performed every 3 (±1) days during a 56-day treatment and a post-treatment period. Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone concentrations and multiple-dose PK parameters were determined during treatment. ResultsTwo normal ovulations occurred in the LNG 0.095 mg group, none in the higher dose groups. Most subjects had active follicle-like structures without ovulation (Hoogland-Skouby scores 4). Ovarian activity was more suppressed in the highest dose group than in the other groups. Mean E2 concentrations were 241, 219 and 180 pmol/L during treatment with 0.095, 0.115 and 0.135 mg per day, respectively. PK results showed dose-proportionality. Most subjects ovulated during the post-treatment period. ConclusionLNG 0.115 mg per day was the lowest effective dosage for consistent ovulation inhibition. All investigated dosages were safe and well-tolerated, and mean E2 concentrations were sufficient for prevention of hypoestrogenic side effects. ImplicationsMarketed progestogen-only pills (POP) containing 0.03 mg LNG do not consistently inhibit ovulation. Increasing the dosage to 0.115 mg or 0.135 mg per day, resulting in consistent ovulation inhibition, may improve the contraceptive efficacy of the LNG-POP.

Development and Characterization of a Self-Tightening Tourniquet System.

Uncontrolled hemorrhage remains a leading cause of death in both emergency and military medicine. Tourniquets are essential to stopping hemorrhage in these scenarios, but they suffer from subjective, inconsistent application. Here, we demonstrate how tourniquet application can be automated using sensors and computer algorithms. The auto-tourniquet self-tightens until blood pressure oscillations are no longer registered by the pressure sensor connected to the pneumatic pressure cuff. The auto-tourniquet’s performance in stopping the bleed was comparable to manual tourniquet application, but the time required to fully occlude the bleed was longer. Application of the tourniquet was significantly smoother, and less variable, for the automatic tourniquet compared to manual tourniquet application. This proof-of-concept study highlights how automated tourniquets can be integrated with sensors to provide a much more consistent application and use compared to manual application, even in controlled, low stress testing conditions. Future work will investigate different sensors and tourniquets to improve the application time and repeatability.

Diagnosis and treatment of brain compression in children with hemostasis disorders

We describe the diagnosis of and treatment for brain compression on background of hemostasis disorders in 6 out of 37 patients with hemorrhagic strokes treated in the Ivano-Matreninskaya Children’s Clinical Hospital in 2017–2018. Laboratory examination revealed factor VIII deficiency (hemophilia A) in 3 patients, factor XIII deficiency in one patient; 2 children were carriers of thrombophilia genetic polymorphisms. The age of study participants varied between 15 days and 2 years; all of them were males. They have undergone neurological examination, laboratory testing (hemostasis), neurosonography, multislice computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Conservative therapy with quarantined fresh frozen plasma (15–25 mL/kg) was used to correct coagulopathy and stop bleeding. Two patients had surgeries: decompressive craniectomy and drainage and endoscopic removal of hematoma. Children that were operated on received transfusion of fresh frozen plasma and red blood cells. Both of them had regression of neurological symptoms and restoration of consciousness in the postoperative period. None of the patients died. In this article, we discuss diagnostics and strategy of conservative and surgical treatment for children with brain compression and coagulopathies.

IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA(ITP) AND ROLE OF A UNANI DRUG IN ITS MANAGEMENT. A SINGLE CASE STUDY

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is immune- mediated with involvement of autoantibodies, most often directed against the platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb/IIIa, which sensitise the platlet, resulting in premature removal from the circulation by cells of the reticulo-endothelial system.ITP is a blood disorder that causes a decrease in the number of platelets in the blood. Platelets help stop bleeding. So, a decrease in platelets can result in easy bruising, bleeding gums, and bleeding inside the body. The lower the platelet count, the greater the risk of bleeding. ITP may be acute or chronic. Eventhough, most cases of ITP are self-limiting, but treatment include steroids, other drugs and in resistant cases, splenectomy is the treatment option. Even though classical Unani texts has no mention of any such disease, but this disease can be discussed under the title of bleeding disorders.A single Unani drug was selected in a dosage of 500 mgs twice daily in a patient who was otherwise advised splenectomy for the disease.