Stimulation Of Collagen Synthesis Research Articles

Enhancing Skin Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice Using SIKVAV-Modified Chitosan Hydrogels.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), a prevalent chronic disease caused by various factors, significantly impact patients' quality of life due to prolonged healing times and increased infection risks. Current treatment modalities, including pharmacological, physical, and surgical interventions, often yield limited efficacy and adverse effects, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. The objective of this research is to create SIKVAV-modified chitosan hydrogels with the intention of improving the process of skin wound healing in diabetic mice. We synthesized the hydrogels and established a diabetic mice model with skin wounding to evaluate its healing effects and underlying mechanisms. The results of our study indicate that the SIKVAV-modified chitosan hydrogels markedly enhance the wound healing process in diabetic mice. This effect may be attributed to several mechanisms, including differentiation of fibroblasts, proliferation of keratinocytes, the promotion of angiogenesis, stimulation of collagen synthesis, upregulation of growth factor expression, and possible involvement of the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. This research not only provides a new biomaterial for the treatment of diabetic wounds but also elucidates the related molecular mechanisms involved in wound healing of DFUs, offering valuable insights for future clinical applications.

The Role of Cacao Powder in Enhancing Skin Moisture and Reducing Wrinkles: A 12-Week Clinical Trial and In Vitro Study.

Skin aging is driven by a combination of internal and external mechanisms, with ultraviolet (UV) radiation being a prominent external factor contributing to photoaging. Photoaging manifests through several signs, including decreased skin hydration, diminished elasticity, coarse wrinkles, and dyspigmentation. Cacao beans, known for their flavonoids and polyphenols, offer potential anti-aging benefits. To explore this, we conducted a study using both in vitro experiments and clinical trials. Our results demonstrated that cacao powder significantly improved skin hydration and moisture retention in both experimental settings. Specifically, in UVB-damaged human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and H2O2-treated keratinocytes (KCs), cacao powder displayed notable antioxidant properties. Furthermore, cacao powder enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes and promoted the production of hyaluronic acid in KCs, contributing to better skin hydration. It also effectively inhibited the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1, an enzyme associated with wrinkle formation, and stimulated collagen synthesis in HDFs. Clinical trials conducted on participants with aged skin revealed a significant improvement in skin hydration and a reduction in skin wrinkles after 12 weeks of cacao powder consumption, supporting the in vitro findings. These results suggest that cacao powder holds promise as a natural ingredient for improving skin hydration and reducing wrinkles, underscoring its potential in anti-aging skincare.

Molecular Mechanisms of Polyphenols in Management of Skin Aging.

The natural process of skin aging is influenced by a variety of factors, including oxidative stress, inflammation, collagen degradation, and UV radiation exposure. The potential of polyphenols in controlling skin aging has been the subject of much investigation throughout the years. Due to their complex molecular pathways, polyphenols, a broad class of bioactive substances present in large quantities in plants, have emerged as attractive candidates for skin anti-aging therapies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms through which polyphenols exert their anti-aging effects on the skin. Various chemical mechanisms contribute to reducing skin aging signs and maintaining a vibrant appearance. These mechanisms include UV protection, moisturization, hydration, stimulation of collagen synthesis, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammatory actions. These mechanisms work together to reduce signs of aging and keep the skin looking youthful. Polyphenols, with their antioxidant properties, are particularly noteworthy. They can neutralize free radicals, lessening oxidative stress that might otherwise cause collagen breakdown and DNA damage. The anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenols are explored, focusing on their ability to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes, thereby alleviating inflammation and its detrimental effects on the skin. Understanding these mechanisms can guide future research and development, leading to the development of innovative polyphenol-based strategies for maintaining healthy skin.

Hydrolyzed collagen supplementation prior to resistance exercise augments collagen synthesis in a dose-response manner in resistance-trained, middle-aged men.

Resistance exercise (RE) increases collagen synthesis in young and older men, whereas hydrolyzed collagen (HC) ingestion improves this response to RE in a dose-response manner in young men. However, the collagen synthesis response to RE with and without HC in middle-aged men is unknown. Eight resistance-trained men (age: 49 ± 8 yr; height: 1.78 ± 0.02 m; mass: 90 ± 4 kg) took part in this double-blind, crossover design study and undertook 4 × 10 repetitions of lower-limb RE at maximum load, after consuming 0 g, 15 g, or 30 g vitamin C-enriched HC. We analyzed venous blood samples for N-terminal propeptide of type 1 pro-collagen (PINP), β-isomerized C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (β-CTx), and 18 collagen amino acids throughout all three interventions. The serum PINP concentration × time area-under-the-curve (AUC) was higher following 30 g (169 ± 28 µg/mL × h) than 15 g (134 ± 23 µg/mL × h, P < 0.05) HC ingestion, and both 15 g and 30 g were higher than 0 g HC (96 ± 23 µg/mL × h, P < 0.05). RE with 0 g HC showed no change in serum PINP concentration. The AUCs for glycine, proline, hydroxyproline, alanine, arginine, lysine, serine, leucine, valine, and isoleucine were greater with 30 g than 15 g and 0 g HC ingestion (P < 0.05) and greater with 15 g than 0 g HC ingestion (P < 0.05). Plasma β-CTx concentration decreased after RE independently of HC dose. Our study suggests connective tissue anabolic resistance to RE in middle-aged men but ingesting 15 g HC rescues the collagen synthesis response and 30 g augments that response further. This dose response is associated with the increased bioavailability of collagen amino acids in the blood, which stimulate collagen synthesis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first to document the dose-response effect of hydrolyzed collagen (HC) ingestion before resistance exercise (RE) on collagen turnover in middle-aged, resistance-trained men. Strikingly, RE alone did not increase collagen synthesis (suggesting connective tissue anabolic resistance), but ingesting 15 g HC rescued the collagen synthesis response and 30 g augmented that response further. These results were associated with the increased bioavailability of collagen amino acids in the blood, which stimulate collagen synthesis.

Polyphenols in wound healing: unlocking prospects with clinical applications.

Wound healing is a multifaceted, complex process that factors like aging, metabolic diseases, and infections may influence. The potentiality of polyphenols, natural compounds, has shown anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties in promoting wound healing and their potential applications in wound management. The studies reviewed indicate that polyphenols have multiple mechanisms that promote wound healing. This involves enhancing antioxidant defenses, reducing oxidative stress, modulating inflammatory responses, improving healing times, reducing infection rates, and enhancing tissue regeneration in clinical trials and in vivo and in vitro studies. Polyphenols have been proven to be effective in managing hard-to-heal wounds, especially in diabetic and elderly populations. Polyphenols have shown significant benefits in promoting angiogenesis and stimulating collagen synthesis. Polyphenol treatment has been demonstrated to have therapeutic effects in wound healing and chronic wound management. Their ability to regulate key healing processes makes them suitable for new wound care products and treatments. Future research should enhance formulations and delivery methods to optimize polyphenols' bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy in wound management approaches.

Augmenting dermal collagen synthesis through hyaluronic acid-based microneedle-mediated delivery of poly(l-lactic acid) microspheres

Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) can stimulate collagen synthesis through a foreign body response. However, inappropriate injection techniques and localized PLLA clustering can lead to complications and adverse events. This study developed a composite microneedle (MN) device comprising an array of PLLA microsphere (PLLA MP)-loaded hyaluronic acid needle tips with a supporting patch (PLLA MP-MN). This device was designed to deliver PLLA MPs precisely and uniformly to the dermis and to provide dual stimulation through MN puncture and MP implantation, thereby enabling the rapid and long-lasting regeneration of dermal collagen. When applied to rat skin, the MN array evenly distributed the PLLA MPs throughout the penetrated regions, which prevented local PLLA overdosing and elicited a milder inflammatory response compared with that induced by intradermal PLLA MP injections. An in vivo efficacy study revealed that MN-mediated delivery of PLLA MPs not only promptly initiated collagen production through microwound-triggered wound-healing cascades in the early treatment stage but also enabled the long-term stimulation of collagen deposition through MP-induced foreign body reactions, thereby significantly enhancing neocollagenesis. This innovative PLLA MP-MN system can augment the benefits and minimize the adverse effects associated with traditional PLLA fillers, providing a safe and reliable anti-aging therapeutic option.

Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Sambucus nigra on superficial digital flexor tendon repair in rabbit by ultrasonography and histopathology.

Adult tendon tissue has limited and slow regenerative capacity. Sambucus nigra plant possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory attributes. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of this plant's fruit on superficial digital flexor tendon repair in rabbits (SDFT). Twenty-five male New Zealand white rabbits weighing 1.5-2kg were selected, quarantined and randomly divided into four groups of six. By performing a partial left posterior limb tenotomy, differentiating the SDFT and creating multiple scrapes were performed. During 3 consecutive days post-surgery, the positive control group was injected with 0.5mg/kg dexamethasone, whereas the treatment groups received extract doses of 200 and 400mg/kg, respectively. The negative control group did not receive any medication. Evaluation of sonographic and histopathological parameters was conducted on days 0, 7 and 28 post-surgeries. Findings were analysed and compared using SPSS22. Both treatment groups showed significant differences in echogenicity, and collagen fibre alignment compared to the control and positive control groups, in sonographic evaluation. Histopathological examination revealed fewer inflammatory cells and increased collagen fibre formation in the treatment groups compared to the other two groups. No significant difference in angiogenesis was observed among the groups on days 7 and 28 (p value <0.05). The results indicate that the S. nigra fruit extract, by stimulating collagen synthesis and reducing inflammation, effectively accelerates the healing process of injured tendons.

Anti-Inflammatory and Wound Healing Properties of Different Honey Varieties from Romania and Correlations to Their Composition.

The complex composition of honey plays a crucial role in wound healing, exhibiting varying effects at different stages of the healing process. This study investigated seven honey varieties sourced from different regions of Romania using in vitro experimental models developed in macrophage-like, fibroblast, and keratinocyte cell lines to explore the mechanisms by which honey promoted the healing process. This study assessed the impact of honey on inflammatory cytokine production in macrophage-like cells, cell proliferation and collagen synthesis in fibroblasts, and cell proliferation and migration in keratinocytes. Additionally, correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between honey composition and its biological properties. Honey varieties presented both anti- and pro-inflammatory effects. Moreover, they displayed dose-dependent pro-proliferative effects, stimulating collagen synthesis and cell migration, thereby enhancing the re-epithelialization process. The Pearson coefficient analysis indicated a strong positive correlation between biological activities and phenolic content. Additionally, there was a medium positive correlation with the ascorbic acid content and a medium negative correlation with the glucose content in the different honey varieties. Romanian honey varieties rich in phenolics showed potential in modulating inflammation, proliferation, collagen synthesis, and cell migration, suggesting their suitability for further evaluation and development of innovative dressings for skin tissue regeneration.

Design of multiple-function matrix encapsulated with Marjoram extract to support cellular functions, stimulate collagen synthesis and decrease infection in wound

This study aimed to assess the role of the combination of design techniques of the engineered substrates, and the effect of encapsulating Marjoram (Origanum Majorana L.) into the matrix network was studied. To this end, PVA-PEG matrices were designed through 3 techniques of freeze–thaw (FT), the combination of both methods of freeze-drying and freeze-thawing(FT-FD), and ternary technique(freeze-drying,freeze-thawing,cross-linking(FT-FD/CL)), by combining equal volume ratios of both polymers. The results indicated the ternary technique can provide better physicochemical properties(porosity: 96%, lower degradation rate, higher modulus) compared to FT and FT-FD methods. Afterward, encapsulation of Marjoram-extracted bio-actives in the matrix network designed with the ternary technique demonstrated that the increase in the extract concentration up to 3% can increase encapsulation efficiency. The encapsulation also caused a more cohesive network by better bonding between functional groups in herbal biomolecules and polymer chains of the matrix. Mass transport mechanisms and release kinetics of matrix-encapsulated bio-actives indicated a deviation from Fickian diffusion and the release by diffusion and swelling process. Biologically, matrix-loaded herbal carbohydrate(Epi-alpha-Cadinol) improved fibroblast adhesion and distribution on the substrate surface, and led to the better synthesis of collagen fibers, especially in 3% herbal extract, and antibacterial activities owing to the controlled release of sesquiterpenoids and N-Acetyl-l-proline.

Poly-L-Lactic Acid Reduces the Volume of Dermal Adipose Tissue Through its Metabolite Lactate.

Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), a well-established biostimulator that induces collagenases, is widely used among clinical practice to treat skin aging. However, the precise regulatory effect of PLLA on different dermal cell subsets beyond fibroblast has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we constructed in vivo PLLA injection and in vitro PLLA-adipocyte co-culture models to analyze the regulatory effects of PLLA on the volume, differentiation, lipolysis, and thermogenic capacity of dermal adipocyte. We found that PLLA injection significantly reduced the thickness of dermal fat in mice. In co-culture assay, PLLA showed no effect on adipogenesis, but stimulated the lipolysis activity. Interestingly, PLLA also enhanced the differentiation of fat cells into beige fat cells, which possess higher thermogenic capacity. In mechanical study, we blocked adipocyte lactate uptake with a monocarboxylate transporter (MCT1/4) inhibitor and found that the regulatory effect of PLLA on dermal adipocyte relies on its metabolite lactate. In summary, our results suggest that PLLA has complex regulatory effects on the dermal cells, and its ability to improve skin aging is not fully attributed to stimulating collagen synthesis, but also partially involves adipocytes.No Level Assigned This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Piezo1 Activation Drives Enhanced Collagen Synthesis in Aged Animal Skin Induced by Poly L-Lactic Acid Fillers.

Poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) fillers stimulate collagen synthesis by activating various immune cells and fibroblasts. Piezo1, an ion channel, responds to mechanical stimuli, including changes in extracellular matrix stiffness, by mediating Ca2+ influx. Given that elevated intracellular Ca2+ levels trigger signaling pathways associated with fibroblast proliferation, Piezo1 is a pivotal regulator of collagen synthesis and tissue fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of PLLA on dermal collagen synthesis by activating Piezo1 in both an H2O2-induced cellular senescence model in vitro and aged animal skin in vivo. PLLA elevated intracellular Ca2+ levels in senescent fibroblasts, which was attenuated by the Piezo1 inhibitor GsMTx4. Furthermore, PLLA treatment increased the expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 to total ERK1/2 (pERK1/2/ERK1/2) and phosphorylated AKT to total AKT (pAKT/AKT), indicating enhanced pathway activation. This was accompanied by upregulation of cell cycle-regulating proteins (CDK4 and cyclin D1), promoting the proliferation of senescent fibroblasts. Additionally, PLLA promoted the expression of phosphorylated mTOR/S6K1/4EBP1, TGF-β, and Collagen I/III in senescent fibroblasts, with GsMTx4 treatment mitigating these effects. In aged skin, PLLA treatment similarly upregulated the expression of pERK1/2/ERK1/2, pAKT/AKT, CDK4, cyclin D1, mTOR/S6K1/4EBP1, TGF-β, and Collagen I/III. In summary, our findings suggest Piezo1's involvement in PLLA-induced collagen synthesis, mediated by heightened activation of cell proliferation signaling pathways such as pERK1/2/ERK1/2, pAKT/AKT, and phosphorylated mTOR/S6K1/4EBP1, underscoring the therapeutic potential of PLLA in tissue regeneration.

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy using Pal-KTTKS-enriched carboxylated cellulose improves burn wound in rat model.

Despite the great progress in developing wound dressings, delayed wound closure still remains a global challenge. Thus, developing novel wound dressings and employing advanced strategies, including tissue engineering, are urgently desired. The carboxylated cellulose was developed through the in situ synthesis method and further reinforced by incorporating pal-KTTKS to stimulate collagen synthesis and improve wound healing. The developed composites supported cell adhesion and proliferation and showed good biocompatibility. To boost wound-healing performance, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were seeded on the pal-KTTKS-enriched composites to be implanted in a rat model of burn wound healing. Healthy male rats were randomly divided into four groups and wound-healing performance of Vaseline gauze (control), carboxylated cellulose (CBC), pal-KTTKS-enriched CBC (KTTKS-CBC), and MSCs seeded on the KTTKS-CBC composites (MSC-KTTKS-CBC) were evaluated on days 3, 7, and 14 post-implantation. In each group, the designed therapeutic dressings were renewed every 5days to increase wound-healing performance. We found that KTTKS-CBC and MSC-KTTKS-CBC composites exhibited significantly better wound healing capability, as evidenced by significantly alleviated inflammation, increased collagen deposition, improved angiogenesis, and considerably accelerated wound closure. Nevertheless, the best wound-healing performance was observed in the MSC-KTTKS-CBC groups among all four groups. This research suggests that the MSC-KTTKS-CBC composite offers a great deal of promise as a wound dressing to enhance wound regeneration and expedite wound closure in the clinic.

The potential therapeutic applications and mechanisms of action of Cryptomphalus aspersa (snail) extracts in dermatology and wound healing

Cryptomphalus aspersa, commonly known as the garden snail, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent in the fields of dermatology and wound healing. This review explores the diverse therapeutic applications and underlying mechanisms of action of Cryptomphalus aspersa extracts. With a rich history in traditional medicine and growing scientific evidence supporting their efficacy, snail extracts offer multifaceted benefits including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, collagen-stimulating, and immunomodulatory activities. In dermatology, snail extracts have shown promise in managing conditions such as acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, photoaging, and hyperpigmentation, while also demonstrating efficacy in promoting wound healing in various types of wounds, including full-thickness and chronic wounds. Mechanistically, snail extracts modulate inflammatory pathways, neutralize oxidative stress, stimulate collagen synthesis, and regulate immune responses, contributing to their therapeutic effects. While the potential of Cryptomphalus aspersa extracts is vast, further research and clinical trials are warranted to establish their efficacy and safety profiles for specific dermatological conditions and wound types. Overall, Cryptomphalus aspersa extracts represent a novel and promising approach in dermatology and wound healing, offering a natural and multifaceted solution for improving skin health and promoting tissue repair.

Developing and Assessing a Cream Designed to Remove Stretch Marks from “Prunus armeniaca” and “Centella asiatica”

Stretch marks (Striae distensae) are visible lines on the outer skin located usually on abdomen, breats, thighs. Stretch marks which develop on pregnant women known as striae gravidarum. Almost 50-90% of pregnant women may develop striae distensae. It is caused due to sudden increase in weight during pregnancy, due to rapid weight gain the collagen fibres present between dermis and epidermis layer of skin gets break down and stretch marks appears. Because of various side effects of synthetic medications, the use of herbal medications has increased. To avoid side effect, oil obtained from the leaves of Centella asiatica linn i.e. Gotukola and the fruits of Prunus armeniaca i.e. Apricot was incorporated into the formulation stimulates collagen synthesis by energizing dermal fibroblast and regenerate the skin cells. The main active ingredient found in gotukola is triterpenoids (saponin) and Apricot is glycosides, it increases collagen production in body and regenerate the skin cells this may help to prevent new stretch marks from forming as well as help to heal any existing marks. The objective of the present study was to developing the cream for the removal of stretch marks. Creams was prepared by oil-in-water emulsion by changing the concentration of active ingredients. Total 3 formulation were prepared among these F3 batch. In this (1.5% and 2%) concentration of oil was added and some butters were added. The final formulation shows pH (8.9), No skin irritancy, better spreadability, consistency and antimicrobial testing.

Fabrication and characterization of biomineral amphiphilic copolymer hybrid microparticle: Evaluation of storage stability and collagen synthesis property of curcumin

Microencapsulation is an available and effective therapeutic option for entrapping targeted bioactive components. In this study, biomineralization-mediated separation and encapsulation of food-derived bioactive materials in organic materials were conducted, and the storage stability and effectiveness of these materials in the promotion of skin wound healing were assessed. To generate fine-textured and mechanically stable hexagonal particles, the hybrid materials were assembled using CaCO3 mineralized with an amphiphilic copolymer coupled with curcumin (CUR). The synthesized products were characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and particle size analysis. The hybrid microparticles contained 1.58 wt% of CUR, and 91% of its initial concentration was retained after storage at four different temperatures. Based on the crystallization mechanism, CUR with an amphiphilic copolymer could be the core component that provides the surface for CaCO3 crystal growth, causing independent formation of the organic–inorganic structures and preventing CUR leaching. Furthermore, the induced hybrid particles were found to promote skin wound healing by stimulating collagen synthesis without inducing cytotoxicity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the potential use of bioactive ingredients with an amphiphilic copolymer combined with biomineralization for formulation purposes and to achieve a skin wound healing effect.

The study of wound healing activity of Thespesia populnea L. bark, an approach for accelerating healing through nanoparticles and isolation of main active constituents

The present study provides an evaluation for the wound healing activity of the ethanolic extract of Thespesia populnea L. bark (EBE) and its successive fractions in two doses level (1&2%), designed for determining the most bioactive fraction and the suitable dose. Furthermore, development of the most convenient formulation for these bioactive fractions through either their direct incorporation into hydrogel formulations or incorporation of chitosan-loaded nanoparticles with these bioactive fractions into hydrogel formulations. The highest excision wound healing activity was observed in petroleum ether (Pet-B) followed by ethyl acetate (Etac-B) fractions at the high dose (2%). The most suitable formulation designed for the Etac-B fraction was found to be the chitosan-loaded nanoparticles incorporated in the hydrogel formulation, while the conventional hydrogel formulation was observed to be the highly acceptable formulation for Pet-B fraction. Further phytochemical studies of the bioactive fractions led to the isolation of many compounds of different chemical classes viz; beta-sitosterol and lupeol acetate isolated from the Pet-B, in addition to cyanidin and delphinidin from the Etac-B. Our results revealed that EBE and its bioactive fractions (Pet-B & Etac-B) could be considered as strong wound healers through their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, in addition to stimulating collagen synthesis.

Needle-Free Jet Injection of Poly-(Lactic Acid) for Atrophic Acne Scars: Literature Review and Report of Clinical Cases.

Acne scars, particularly atrophic ones, present a persistent challenge in cosmetic medicine and surgery, requiring extended and multifaceted treatment approaches. Poly-(lactic acid) injectable fillers show promise in managing atrophic acne scars by stimulating collagen synthesis. However, the utilization of needle-free injectors for delivering poly-(lactic acid) into scars remains an area requiring further exploration. In this article, a summary of the latest advancements in needle-free jet injectors is provided, specifically highlighting the variations in jet-producing mechanisms. This summary emphasizes the differences in how these mechanisms operate, offering insights into the evolving technology behind needle-free injection systems. The literature review revealed documented cases focusing on treating atrophic acne scars using intralesional poly-(lactic acid) injections. The results of these clinical studies could be supported by separate in vitro and animal studies, elucidating the feasible pathways through which this treatment operates. However, there is limited information on the use of needle-free jet injectors for the intradermal delivery of poly-(lactic acid). Clinical cases of atrophic acne scar treatment are presented to explore this novel treatment concept, the needle-free delivery of poly-(lactic acid) using a jet pressure-based injector. The treatment demonstrated efficacy with minimal adverse effects, suggesting its potential for scar treatment. The clinical efficacy was supported by histological evidence obtained from cadaver skin, demonstrating an even distribution of injected particles in all layers of the dermis. In conclusion, we suggest that novel needle-free injectors offer advantages in precision and reduce patient discomfort, contributing to scar improvement and skin rejuvenation. Further comprehensive studies are warranted to substantiate these findings and ascertain the efficacy of this approach in scar treatment on a larger scale.

Microneedling Radiofrequency Enhances Poly-L-Lactic Acid Penetration That Effectively Improves Facial Skin Laxity without Lipolysis.

Microneedle fractional radiofrequency (MFR) is commonly used for skin laxity treatment, and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) can stimulate collagen synthesis in the body. However, the synergy of their combination for skin rejuvenation has not been proven. The authors aimed to evaluate the combined efficacy of PLLA and MRF and the potential mechanism underlying skin laxity. This prospective, randomized study included C57BL/6 mice treated with MFR, MFR plus PLLA, and carbon dioxide laser plus PLLA and 32 patients who underwent split-face treatments with MFR or MFR plus PLLA twice every 2 months. The Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale, Facial Laxity Rating scale of the whole face, the Echelle d'Evaluation Clinique des Cicatrices d'Acne grading scale of acne scars, and VISIA parameters on both treated sides were evaluated. Dermatologic changes were measured by ultrasonography in the submental space, and adverse events were documented. PLLA was delivered by channels produced by MFR but not carbon dioxide laser in the mouse model. Thirty patients were treated with split-face MFR plus PLLA or MFR, revealing an improvement in VISIA wrinkle percentile (0.020) compared with the age-matched controls (0.000). The thickness of the dermis increased, whereas the fat layer did not change significantly. No adverse effects were observed. PLLA can be delivered through microchannels produced by MFR. PLLA enhances the efficacy of MFR for skin laxity without lipolysis.

The Collagen Synthesis Response to an Acute Bout of Resistance Exercise Is Greater when Ingesting 30 g Hydrolyzed Collagen Compared with 15 g and 0 g in Resistance-Trained Young Men

BackgroundResistance exercise (RE) stimulates collagen synthesis in skeletal muscle and tendon but there is limited and equivocal evidence regarding an effect of collagen supplementation and exercise on collagen synthesis. Furthermore, it is not known if a dose–response exists regarding the effect of hydrolyzed collagen (HC) ingestion and RE on collagen synthesis. ObjectiveTo determine the HC dose–response effect on collagen synthesis after high-intensity RE in resistance-trained young men. MethodsUsing a double-blind, randomized crossover design, 10 resistance-trained males (age: 26 ± 3 y; height: 1.77 ± 0.04 m; mass: 79.7 ± 7.0 kg) ingested 0 g, 15 g, or 30 g HC with 50 mg vitamin C 1 h before performing 4 sets’ barbell back squat RE at 10-repetition maximum load, after which they rested for 6 h. Blood samples were collected throughout each of the 3 interventions to analyze procollagen type Ⅰ N-terminal propeptide (PINP) and β-isomerized C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX) concentration, and the concentration of 18 collagen amino acids. ResultsThe serum PINP concentration × time area under the curve (AUC) was greater for 30 g (267 ± 79 μg·L−1·h) than for 15 g (235 ± 70 μg·L−1·h, P = 0.013) and 0 g HC (219 ± 88 μg·L−1·h, P = 0.002) but there was no difference between 0 and 15 g HC (P = 0.225). The AUCs of glycine and proline were greater for 30 g than for 15 and 0 g HC (P < 0.05). Plasma β-CTX concentration decreased from −1 to +6 h (P < 0.05), with no differences between interventions. ConclusionsIngesting 30 g HC before high-intensity RE augments whole-body collagen synthesis more than 15 g and 0 g HC in resistance-trained young males.

A double network hydrogel dressing enhanced by catechin-loaded mesoporous silica for accelerating wound repair in conjunction with red-light therapy

The process of healing wounds is an intricate mechanism that the human body undergoes. However, the production of hydrogel dressings is expensive and involves a complicated manufacturing procedure. Furthermore, most wound dressings lack bioactive components, limiting their ability to actively promote wound healing. To address this issue, we have developed an adhesive hydrogel dressing for wound repair that possesses antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capabilities. The dressing is composed of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), chitosan (CS), and catechin-loaded mesoporous silicon dioxide (CMSN). The hydrogel dressing adheres tightly to tissues through topological adhesion of CS macromolecules. At the same time, CMSN slowly releases the active substance, catechin, at the wound site. Moreover, the intermolecular interactions and hydrogen bonding between CMSN and PEGDA/CS hydrogels enhance the mechanical stability of the dressing. This allows for effective closure and repair of wounds, even in areas with frequent movement. Additionally, red-light therapy can be employed to further promote wound healing. It works by enhancing blood circulation, improving wound oxygenation, and stimulating collagen synthesis. When combined with the biocompatible and adhesive hydrogel dressing, it offers a promising approach for the rapid repair of wounds in motorial wounded areas.