Abstract Background and Aim: Sternal surgical wound infections can be complicated in mediastinitis in 0.4% -2.4% of cases. Extensive necrosis of tissues and sternum requires demolitive interventions. We have developed a simple technique that reduce the trauma, thanks to regenerated oxidized cellulose haemostatic and antibacterial capabilities. Methods: Between January 1st, 2017 and March 1st, 2018, 631 interventions were performed in sternotomy. 10 patients had sternal wound complications, and 5 mediastinitis were diagnosed. All patients underwent an initial removal of the infected tissues and NPWT placement. Sternal and tissue samples were taken for culture diagnosis. Targeted antibiotic therapy was performed. Subsequently a partial pectoral muscles flap reconstruction was performed, the residual vacuum areas were filled with regenerated oxidized cellulose to minimize the use of the electrosurgical unit for hemostatic control, using his antibacterial capacity. Results: Antibiotic therapy duration was 15 +/- 3 days, hospital stay 20 days. The follow-up was 30 days and was 100% complete. No patient died. A severely obese patient with decompensated diabetes (preoperative glycated hemoglobin ≥ 6.5%) had a recurrence of wound infection. All the other patients presented a perfect surgical wound healing. Conclusion: Mediastinitis is a fearful and dramatic complication. Use of regenerated oxidised cellulose seems to facilitate sternal reconstruction, avoiding exceptional interventions such as full pectoral muscle flap or omentum flap. Acidic pH produced by the cellulose has bactericidal effect also in resistant strains such as MRSA. Preoperative glycated hemoglobin levels> 6.5% appear to be a predisposing factor for sternal wound infections and infection recurrences.