Steel In Sulfuric Acid Solution Research Articles

Effect of chromium content on the corrosion resistance of ferritic stainless steels in sulfuric acid solution

Due to recent increases in the price of Ni, steel use is currently undergoing a global shift from austenitic stainless steels to ferritic stainless steels. In this study, the corrosion behavior of four types ferritic stainless steels with different Cr contents was investigated to study the effect of Cr content on the corrosion resistance in a sulfuric acid solution. The polarization curves of the ferritic stainless steel with the highest Cr content indicated the best corrosion resistance. No corrosion was observed for the stainless steel with 24 mass% Cr after a potential sweep based on ex-situ SEM images. Corrosion resistivity was improved for high Cr content (>24 mass%) stainless steel because it is considered to form a stable passivation layer.

Inhibition Effect and Adsorption Behavior of Two Imidazolium-based Ionic Liquids on X70 Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Inhibition Effect and Adsorption Behavior of Two Imidazolium-based Ionic Liquids on X70 Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Inhibitive effect of Clopidogrel as a green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel; statistical modeling and quantum Monte Carlo simulation studies

In this work, response surface method (RSM) is employed to design electrochemical experiments for assessment of a green organic molecule, namely Clopidogrel from cardiovascular drugs class, as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in sulfuric acid solution. Mathematical models based on multiple regressions are generated to estimate the influence of the affecting factors like acid concentration, solution temperature and inhibitor concentration on the inhibitive performance of Clopidogrel. The corrosion rates are measured experimentally using potentiodynamic polarization technique. The calculated Langmuir adsorption energy reveals that Clopidogrel adsorbs both physically and chemically onto the mild steel surface and the adsorption type is almost independent of the environmental factors. The adsorption mechanism of Clopidogrel is computed through quantum chemical calculations, confirming that this compound can replace water molecules from the surface upon its adsorption to the metal substrate. The simulation results are approved experimentally using an inherently surface sensitive tool, sum frequency generation spectroscopy (SFG).

Effect of Equisetum arvense extract as corrosion inhibitor of A36 steel in sulfuric acid solution

The Equisetum arvense extract was prepared by the maceration technique and experimentally tested as a corrosion inhibitor of A36 steel in 0.5 M sulfuric acid at room temperature. The corrosion resistance was estimated by the determination of the polarization curves, linear polarization resistance (LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). In order to study the effect of the Equisetum arvense extract on the superficial morphology of metal, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) was used. The results indicated a decrease of about two orders of magnitude in the corrosion rate, an increase in polarization resistance and a greater efficiency of inhibition by increasing the concentration of extract. The corrosion mechanism was mainly controlled by charge transfer from metal to the environment through the double electrochemical layer. The SEM images corroborated the results obtained in the corrosion tests, at higher concentration of extract less metal surface damage was observed.

Experimental and Runge–Kutta Method Simulation to Investigate Corrosion Kinetics of Mild Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solutions

The mild steel is extensively used in different industrial applications and the biggest problem in the application of mild steel is corrosion. In this work, the reaction kinetics of mild steel with sulfuric acid at different concentrations and at different temperatures were studied in combination with the experimental data and theoretical approach using the Runge–Kutta method. The results revealed that the rate of reaction constant for temperatures in the range of 30–50°C was changed from 2618 to 2793 L3/mol3.h, respectively. The order of reaction of mild steel was 4th order in all temperature ranges. The enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy of mild steel reaction at a temperature of 298 K were estimated. The activation energy (E/R) of the reaction was 4.829 K. It was concluded that the sulfuric acid reaction with mild steel occurred easily and the inhibitors should be used in these systems.

Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in sulfuric acid solution by loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) leaves extract

The inhibition performance and mechanism of loquat leaves extract (LLE) for the corrosion of mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 were investigated using weight loss method, electrochemical measurements and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results revealed that LLE acted as a modest cathodic inhibitor, its inhibition efficiency increased with the concentration of LLE and reached a maximum value of 96% at the 100% V/V concentration, but decreased with incremental temperature. Besides, it was found that the adsorption of LLE on steel surface obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and then the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters were further determined accordingly. Furthermore, LLE was preliminarily separated by pH-gradient sedimentation and the synergistic inhibition between the isolates was investigated.

Electrochemical analysis on the potential decay behavior of Fe-20Cr stainless steels in sulfuric acid solution

Potential decay behavior of Fe-20Cr alloy was examined by potential decay test, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Mott-Schottky analysis. The potential decay behaviors characterized by a short plateau followed by 1st decay and a long plateau followed by 2nd decay to an active state were closely associated with the duplex layer structure of passive film. We demonstrate that the short plateau followed by 1st decay is due to rapid dissolution of outer non protective Fe(III) enriched (Fe, Cr) oxide/Cr(III) hydroxide layer, whereas the long plateau followed by 2nd decay is attributed to slow dissolution of inner protective Cr(III) enriched (Fe, Cr) oxide layer.

Methanol Extract of Rumex Vesicarius L. as Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Methanol Extract of Rumex Vesicarius L. as Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Synthesis and corrosion inhibition mechanism of ammonium-based ionic liquids on API 5L X60 steel in sulfuric acid solution

A novel class of four new-free-halide-ionic liquids (ILs) derived from ammonium was synthesized and characterized via spectroscopic methods such as 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The synthesized compounds were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors (CIs) of API 5L X60 steel in 1 M sulfuric acid by means of the potentiodynamic polarization and weight loss techniques. The results confirmed that the inhibition efficiency displayed by the four ILs is a function of their concentration and molecular structure. The obtained inhibition efficiency (η) ranged from 51 to 89%, confirming that the new class of ILs is good for corrosion inhibition purposes. The analysis of the potentiodynamic results showed that these compounds inhibit the corrosion of steel, classifying them as mixed-type CIs. The adsorption process of these new CIs on the API 5L X60 steel surface, which obeyed the Langmuir isotherm, was found to be physical and chemical. The SEM and EDX analyses confirmed the protection of steel in the corrosive medium.

Inhibitory Properties of Neomycin Thin Film Formed on Carbon Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution: Electrochemical and AFM Investigation

Our study aims to implement a strategy to reduce the carbon steel corrosion rate in a sulfuric acid solution, using an expired drug with adsorption affinity on the metal surface. To investigate the corrosion protection efficiency of an environmental friendly inhibitor, namely neomycin sulfate (NMS), the electrochemical measurements were applied on carbon steel immersed in 1.0 M H2SO4 solution with and without NMS. The protective layer that formed on the steel surface was studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed that the presence of the neomycin sulfate in acid solution leads to the decrease in corrosion current density (icorr) and the increase of polarization resistance (Rp). The mixed mechanism between physical and chemical adsorption of NMS molecules on the steel surface was proposed according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. AFM indicated that the NMS molecules contributed to a protective layer formation by their adsorption on the steel surface. The AFM parameters, such as root mean square roughness (Rq), average roughness (Ra), and maximum peak to valley height (Rp−v) revealed that in the presence of NMS a smoother surface of carbon steel was obtained, compared to the steel surface corroded in sulfuric acid blank solution.

Inhibitive effect of artemisia judaica extract as green corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in sulfuric acid solution

Inhibitive effect of artemisia judaica extract as green corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in sulfuric acid solution

Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution by Houttuynia Cordata Extract

Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution by Houttuynia Cordata Extract

Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Simulated Welding HAZ of Q315NS Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution

The microstructure evolution and the corrosion behavior of welding heat affected zone (HAZ) of Q315NS steel in 50 wt % H2SO4 at 20 °C was investigated with thermal simulation technique, surface analysis and electrochemical tests. The microstructure of ferrite and pearlite was observed in base metal (BM), fine grained region (FGHAZ) and inter critical region (ICHAZ) while coarse grained region (CGHAZ) consisted of granular bainite. The CGHAZ exhibited the highest microhardness and the largest average grain size. The passivation process occurred on the surface of all specimens. Different microstructure give birth to different corrosion behaviors between CGHAZ and BM, FGHAZ, ICHAZ. The dense oxide film were formed on the surface of ferrite while oxide film with micro voids were formed on the surface of pearlite in BM, FGHAZ and ICHAZ after immersion in 50 wt % H2SO4 solution for 12 h. The rod-shaped corrosion product was formed on the surface of CGHAZ while the porous-structured corrosion product was formed on the surface of BM, FGHAZ and ICHAZ after immersion in 50 wt % H2SO4 solution for 72 h. The corrosion resistance of BM, CGHAZ, FGHAZ and ICHAZ increased during the first 12 h and then declined slowly with increasing immersion time. The BM had the best corrosion resistance while the CGHAZ had the lowest corrosion resistance throughout the corrosion process.

Co-adsorption of a triazole derivative and copper ions on mild steel

The adsorption of 4-(3-methoxypropyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (MT) compound on mild steel in sulfuric acid solution both in the absence and presence of copper ions has been studied using potentiodynamic polarization technique. It has been found that the adsorption of MT on mild steel is not efficient; the surface coverage reached around 0.68 in the presence of ca. 1.0 mM MT. Interestingly it reached 0.75 in the presence of around one tenth of this concentration when 50 μM Cu2+ is added, with synergistic parameters 2.23 reflecting the enhanced adsorption of MT in the presence of copper ions. The reason behind the synergistic adsorption is investigated using cyclic voltammetric technique.

Experimental and Theoretical Studies of 1-vinyl-3-hexylimidazolium Iodide ([VHIM]I) as Corrosion Inhibitor for the Mild Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Experimental and Theoretical Studies of 1-vinyl-3-hexylimidazolium Iodide ([VHIM]I) as Corrosion Inhibitor for the Mild Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Investigation of Diantipyrylmethane as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Investigation of Diantipyrylmethane as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Protection of stainless steel in sulfuric acid solution containing hydrogen sulfide by inhibitors

Protection of stainless steel in sulfuric acid solution containing hydrogen sulfide by inhibitors

Investigate the Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution by Thiosemicarbazide

Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 was investigated in the absence and presence of different concentrations of thiosemicarbazide. The inhibition efficiency of thiosemicarbazide was studied by electrochemical impedance methods, potentiodynamic polarization and scanning electron microscopy at different inhibitor concentrations. Inhibition efficiency, corrosion rate and surface coverage were evaluated at different concentrations of thiosemicarbazide. Electrochemical impedance plots indicated that the presence of the inhibitors increased the charge transfer resistance of the corrosion process, increasing the inhibition efficiency. Polarization curves showed that this compound acted as mixed type inhibitor. The results of the investigation showed that this compound had good inhibiting properties for mild steel corrosion in 0.5 M sulfuric acid. The adsorption isotherm studies showed that Thiosemicarbazide adsorbed chemisorbed and formed a stable surface complex on the mild steel surface. And Langmuir obeyed the adsorption isotherm. Scanning electron microscopy analysis shows that, the surface morphology of the polished mild steel in the presence of thiosemicarbazide as inhibitor is smoother surface as compared with polished mild steel specimen in the absence of inhibitor.

Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Spirally-welded API X-70 Line-pipe Steel in Acidic and Salt Media

The electrochemical behavior of spirally-welded API steel was investigated at ambient temperature in 3.5% NaCl and 1M H2SO4 solution using linear polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. In order to reveal the corrosion resistance of different regions within the welded joint some significant characterization parameters in linear polarization and EIS curves were analyzed and compared. The surface morphology of corrosion products was also analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results showed that the corrosion resistance of the steel in both solutions at ambient temperature follows the order Weld Metal - Base Metal and HAZ. The corrosion of welded steel in sulfuric acid solution is more than that in NaCl solution.

Synergistic effect of polyethylene glycols and rare earth Ce4+ on the corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in sulfuric acid solution: electrochemical, computational, and surface morphology studies

The inhibition effect of two selected polyethylene glycols (PEGs) with different molecular weight and the synergistic effect with rare earth Ce4+ ions on corrosion of carbon steel in 0.1 M H2SO4 solution has been investigated by using electrochemical measurements, scanning electron microscopy, and quantum chemical calculations. The inhibition efficiency (Z%) increased with increasing PEG concentration and molecular weight and decreased with increasing temperature. The adsorption of the PEGs obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Potentiodynamic polarization studies showed that the PEGs were mixed-type inhibitors of corrosion by H2SO4. The results reveal that incorporation of PEGs with Ce4+ ions improved the inhibition performance. The Z% value for the PEGs in combination with Ce4+ was higher than the sum of the Z% values for the individual PEGs and Ce4+ ions, confirming a synergistic effect. Some quantum chemical parameters were calculated to corroborate the experimental results.