Steel In Acid Solution Research Articles

Characteristics of the Mechanism of Corrosion of Low-Carbon Steels in Acid Solutions Containing Fe(III) Salts

Characteristics of the Mechanism of Corrosion of Low-Carbon Steels in Acid Solutions Containing Fe(III) Salts

Data on the effect of Ibuprofen drug derivative on 430T1 stainless steel in acid solutions

The anti-corrosion performance of Ibuprofen (IP) on 430T1 stainless steel samples exposed to 0.5 M H2SO4 solutions was evaluated employing electrochemical techniques. The results obtained validated the inhibitive performance of this compound, and the compound efficiency increased with increasing its concentration. The compound enhances the stainless steel passivation with an increased repression rate of the critical current. The inhibited samples show the lowest corrosion rate and high inhibition efficiency in comparison to the uninhibited samples. Tafel curves suggested that the IP mitigate both the cathodic and anodic reactions simultaneously. The adsorption of Ibuprofen was found to obey Freundlich’s adsorption isotherm. It is concluded that IP improved the stainless steel corrosion protection considerably.

Synthesis of Water Soluble Chitosan Inhibitor from Shrimp Shells and its Corrosion Rate on Mild Steel in Acidic Solution

<span>Synthesis of WSCI (Water Soluble Chitosan Inhibitor) </span><span>from shrimp shell waste is carried out through demineralization, deproteination, and deacetylation processes. WSCI is obtained from monomer termination and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> assistance. WSCI was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and the degree of deacetylation was determined using the baseline method. The effect of adding WSCI to low carbon steel SS400 with a 1 M HCl corrosive environment was studied using the weight loss method at various concentrations and temperatures. The overall results of the research show that WSCI synthesis used in the prevention of corrosion have an inhibition efficiency of up to 74.6% at a concentration of 200 ppm at a temperature of 28<sup>o</sup>C. Inhibition efficiency and corrosion rate are known to increase with increasing WSCI concentration and corrosion rate decreasing with increasing temperature.</span>

Effect of OH, NH2 and OCH3 groups on the corrosion inhibition efficacy of three new 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazole derivatives on mild steel in acidic solutions: Experimental, surface and DFT explorations

Three new imidazole derivatives namely,4-(4,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenol (IM1), 4-(4,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzenamine (IM2), 2,4,5-tris(4-methoxy phenyl)-1H-imidazole (IM3) were synthesized using microwave irradiation method. The noteworthy highlights of this method are safe reaction profiles, broad substrate scope, short run time, catalyst-free, excellent yields, economical, solvent-free, and simple workup conditions. The structural characterization of all the imidazole derivatives has been confirmed by 1HNMR and mass spectral techniques. The corrosion inhibition potential of all the imidazoles was explored using weight loss and electrochemical methods. The imidazole derivative (IM1) bearing a hydroxyl group exhibited maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency compared to other imidazoles (up to 96%). Strong adsorption of studied imidazole molecules followed the Langmuir model with very good correlation coefficients. The calculated Gibbs free energy of adsorption values suggested the mixed type of adsorption (physisorption and chemisorption). The polarization measurements indicated studied imidazole derivatives as mixed types of corrosion inhibitors. Further, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), XPS and XRD were performed to study the surface morphology of Mild steel (MS) surface. Quantum chemical calculations (DFT) was used to prove the obtained inhibition efficiencies (η %).

Efek Sinergetik Ekstrak Daun Jambu Bol (Syzygium malaccense) dan Iodida terhadap Korosi Baja dalam Larutan Asam

Research on the synergistic effect of jambu bol leaves extract and iodide on the corrosion of mild steel in acid solution has been carried out by weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization measurements, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) characterization. The inhibition efficiency increased with increasing iodide concentration and temperature. The highest inhibition efficiency was 92.05% in inhibitor of 5 g / L jambu bol leaves extract with the addition of 0.08 g / L of iodide. Adsorption of jambu bol leaves extract and iodide following the Langmuir isotherm adsorption. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements show the combination of jambu bol leaves inhibitor and iodide was a type of mixture inhibitor in hydrochloric acid solution. The synergistic effect of guava bol extract and potassium iodide was studied using thermodynamic and kinetic parameters.
 
 Keywords: Jambu bol leaves, corrosion inhibitor, weight loss, synergistic effect, Langmuir isotherm

Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Taxus Baccata Alkaloid Extract as Eco-Friendly Anticorrosion for Carbon Steel in Acidic Solution

The effect of the alkaloid extract of Taxus baccata (AETB) as a green inhibitor of carbon steel in 1M HCl solution, were assessed. It was found that the inhibition efficiency increased with the extract concentration and decreased with rising of temperature. The polarization curves revealed that the (AETB) acted as mixed type inhibitor. The extract was physisorbed on steel surface and obeys Langmuir’s model. Quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics simulation of the majority’s components existing in (AETB) were performed in order to correlate the electronic properties with their adsorption and inhibition behavior.

Chromeno-carbonitriles as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic solution: electrochemical, surface and computational studies.

Three novel N-hydrospiro-chromeno-carbonitriles namely, 2-amino-7,7-dimethyl-1′,3′,5-trioxo-1′,3′,5,6,7,8-hexahydrospiro[chromene-4,2′-indene]-3-carbonitrile (INH-1), 3-amino-7,7-dimethyl-2′,5-dioxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrospiro[chromene-4,3′-indoline]-2-carbonitrile (INH-2) and 3′-amino-7′,7′-dimethyl-2,5′-dioxo-5′,6′,7′,8′-tetrahydro-2H-spiro[acenaphthylene-1,4′-chromene]-2′-carbonitrile (INH-3) were synthesized using the principles of green chemistry and applied as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic medium using computational simulations and experimental methods. Experimental and computational studies revealed that inhibition effectiveness of the INHs followed the sequence: INH-3 (95.32%) > INH-2 (93.02%) > INH-1 (89.16%). The investigated compounds exhibit mixed-type corrosion inhibition characteristics by blocking the active sites on the surface of mild steel. EIS study revealed that the INHs behave as interface-type corrosion inhibitors. EDX analyses supported the adsorption mechanism of corrosion inhibition. A DFT study carried out for gaseous and aqueous forms of inhibitor molecules indicated that interactions of INHs with the mild steel surface involve charge transfer phenomenon or donor–acceptor interactions. A Monte Carlo (MC) simulation study revealed that only a fractional segment of the molecule lies parallel to the steel surface, since the INH molecules are not completely planar. The results of computational studies and experimental analyses were in good agreement.

The use of 4-methylbenzenesulfonate ionic liquid derivatives as environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in hydrochloric acid

SYNOPSIS The effectiveness of two synthesized ionic liquids, 1-(benzyloxy)-1-oxopropan-2-aminium 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (1-BOPAMS) and 4-(benzyloxy)-4-oxobutan-1-aminium 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (4-BOBAMS), were evaluated for mild steel corrosion inhibition in 1.0 M hydro-chloric acid solution, using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and gravimetric techniques. Organic moieties responsible for the adsorption process on mild steel surface were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Gravimetric analysis revealed that the inhibition efficiency of 1-BOPAMS and 4-BOBAMS increased with concentration, with maximum inhibition values of 90.32% and 97.91%, respectively, at the highest concentration of the inhibitors. Gibbs free energy (nG°ads) values indicated a strong interaction between the mild steel surface and the molecules of the ionic liquids, and that the adsorption process was spontaneous. These values also show that the inhibitive nature of ionic liquids against mild steel corrosion is caused by a mixedtype of adsorption film formed on the steel surface. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was used to describe the adsorption of ionic liquid molecules onto the mild steel surface. Polarization curves showed that 1-BOPAMS and 4-BOBAMS have a similar effect on both the anodic and cathodic half-reactions, indicating that they prevent the dissolution of mild steel through both physical and chemical process. Nyquist plots were defined by incomplete semicircle capacitive loops, showing that the charge transfer mechanism controls the corrosion of mild steel in acidic solution. Keywords: corrosion inhibition, ionic liquids, mild steel, adsorption isotherm.

Adlay seed hull polysaccharide as a green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acid solution: surface analyses and theoretical calculations

Adlay seed hull polysaccharide was developed here as a green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl solution, and its inhibition effect was studied with electrochemical experiments, theoretical calculations, etc.

Inhibitory protection of steels in acid solutions under high-temperature corrosion conditions. A review. Part 3

Inhibitory protection of steels in acid solutions under high-temperature corrosion conditions. A review. Part 3

A New Inhibitor Approach to the Corrosion of Mild Steel in Acidic Solution with Long-Term Impedance Tests: A New Application Area for Hypnum cupressiforme (Bryophyta)

The most important aspect of this study is that the effect of Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. which is a bryophyte species as a “green inhibitor” on the corrosion behavior of mild steel in 1.0 M HCl solution at 298 K is being examined for the first time. The inhibitory effect of moss extract was investigated applying electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. Nyquist diagrams were performed by EIS to examine the variation of the different concentrations of the extract with some immersion-time parameters. In addition, the surface charge of the metal in terms of the inhibition mechanism was determined by the EIS technique and as a result, it was found that the protonated inhibitor molecules were adsorbed directly onto the metal surface. The surface morphology studies of working electrodes was performed using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and optical metal microscopy techniques. Electrochemical tests and surface analysis studies support each other.

Advanced self-healing coatings based on ZnO, TiO2, and ZnO-TiO2/polyvinyl chloride nanocomposite systems for corrosion protection of carbon steel in acidic solutions containing chloride

Anti-corrosion protective self-healing coating systems for carbon steel that utilizes ZnO, TiO2, and ZnO-TiO2 nanocomposites and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as an organic healing agent was introduced. These nanocomposites systems were fabricated by a facile preparation method by the coating of ZnO, TiO2, and ZnO-TiO2 with PVC. These synthesized systems are well characterized by the investigation techniques of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The good crystallinity of the zincite and anatase phases was confirmed by XRD studies along with a nano grain size of 46.5 nm for ZnO and 13.5 nm for TiO2. ZnO, TiO2, and/or ZnO-TiO2/polyvinyl chloride composites films were applied as an anti-corrosive coating deposited on carbon steel by dip-coating processes. The anticorrosion performance of uncoated and coated carbon steel was inspected in 0.5 M HCl+3.5% NaCl by performing immersion test, Eocp vs. time, impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and potentio-dynamic polarization (PDP) methods. The ZnO, TiO2, and/or ZnO-TiO2/PVC composite coating exhibited premium protection against corrosion of C-steel with protection capacity of 96.2–97.1% after 10 days of exposure. The capacity of the fabricated films increased in the order of ZnO-TiO2/PVC > TiO2 /PVC > ZnO /PVC. The surface topology of the coated specimen before and after 240 hrs dipping in the aggressive medium was assessed using FE-SEM. The current study contributes to the preparation of novel protective systems with self-healing capability for steel corrosion in acidic medium containing chloride.

Study on Iron Sulphide Inhibition and Corrosion of 80S and 110SS steels in Acid Solutions Containing H2S and CO2

Study on Iron Sulphide Inhibition and Corrosion of 80S and 110SS steels in Acid Solutions Containing H2S and CO2

Corrosion performance of electrospinning nanofiber ZnO-NiO-CuO/polycaprolactone coated on mild steel in acid solution

In the present work, PCL/ZnO (polycaprolactone/ zinc oxide), PCL/NiO (polycarprolactone/nickel oxide), PCL/CuO (polycarprolactone/copper oxide), and PCL/ZnO-NiO-CuO (polycarprolactone/ zinc oxide- nickel oxide- copper oxide) have been successfully fabricated and deposited on a mild steel through electrospinning technique. SEM, EDX, and FT-IR had been used to characterize all nanofiber coatings on the mild steel. A nanofiber layer of ZnO/NiO/CuO/PCL was utilized to coating the mild steel as a corrosion protector film in 1M HCl. A series of electrochemical techniques like Open circuit potential (OCP), Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear polarization resistance (LPR), and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) were used to analyse the anti-corrosion performance of the nanofiber layer ZnO/NiO/CuO/PCL. The results showed that both anodic and cathodic reactions sharp decline with shift in corrosion potential toward a positive direction in the Tafel plots. LPR results showed that the highest protection efficiency was 94.8% with ZnO-NiO-CuO/PCL nanofiber coating. EIS spectra showed that mild steel coated with ZnO/PCL, NiO/PCL, CuO/PCL, and ZnO-NiO-CuO/PCL, realization of capacitive conduct at high frequency and coating strength at law frequency part with resistor component 474.76 ohm.cm2, 527.35 ohm.cm2, 714.73 ohm.cm2, 744.80 ohm.cm2 respectively, indicating the good barrier properties and high ohmic resistance of coatings. SEM displayed a straight, interconnected structure, relatively less porosity with uniform fibers diameter. The fibers had average diameter 429 nm, 525 nm, 639 nm, and 443 nm for ZnO/PCL, NiO/PCL, CuO/PCL, and ZnO-NiO-CuO/PCL respectively. EDX and FT-IR results confirmed the existence of ZnO, NiO, and CuO and approved the distribution into PCL matrix. . Results of the present study confirmed that ZnO-NiO-CuO/PCL electrospinning nanfiber coating could be considered as a new metallic oxide nanocomposite coating for a mild steel with excellent corrosion resistance.

A Green Approach: Evaluation of Combretum indicum (CI) Leaf Extract as an Eco-friendly Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in 1M HCl

The anticorrosive activity of Combretum indicum (CI) leaf extract has been examined on mild steel corrosion in 1M HCl by using weight loss and electrochemical measurement techniques. The results of these experimental techniques have consistent in confirming the effect of the CI leaf extract on corrosion inhibition and a mechanism for the inhibition was proposed. The dissolution rate of steel in acidic solution was found to be sensitive to the concentration of CI leaf extract and the corrosion rate reduces when the concentration of CI leaf extract is increased and reaches the high protection efficiency. The potentiodynamic polarization study confirms the mixed mode of inhibition. Ultraviolet–visible (UV) and Fourier -transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic techniques were performed to evaluate the phenomenon of adsorption in the plant extract and the functional groups. The surface morphology analysis (SEM) further corroborates the adsorption of inhibitor molecules over the metal surface.

Metoprolol: New and Efficient Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Hydrochloric and Sulfuric Acid Solutions

The inhibition behavior of metoprolol tablet on steel alloy (st37) in 1 M hydrochloric acid and 0.5 M sulfuric acid solutions were studied by three methods (potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and scanning electronic microscopy, SEM). The obtained parameters revealed that different amounts of metoprolol drug inhibited the corrosion of mild steel in the acid solutions of HCl and H2SO4. The corrosion resistance of the alloy increased with the increase in the concentration of metoprolol up to 300 ppm but was reduced by increasing the temperature. The derived parameters from polarization curves indicated that the drug is a mixed type inhibitor. The results obtained from the different methods are consistent with each other. The adsorption of metoprolol was found to be physical, exothermic, and spontaneous, and also fitted the Langmuir adsorption model. SEM micrographs are in accordance with the adsorption performance of the tablet.

New corrosion inhibitor for 13Cr stainless steel in 20% HCl solution

Purpose A novel compound was synthesized by cyclohexylamine, acetophenone and cinnamaldehyde through Mannich reaction in laboratory to use as corrosion inhibitor for steel in acidification process. Design/methodology/approach The corrosion and inhibition of 13Cr stainless steel in conventional acidification solution were investigated by electrochemical measurements and soaking experiments. The corrosion appearance was observed with scanning electron microscope on the whole surface of 13Cr stainless steel in 20% HCl solution, and the protection film was confirmed on the surface in presence with inhibitor. Findings Results manifested that the inhibitor C23H27NO can effectively inhibit the corrosion reaction by forming an adsorption layer function as a barrier. Polarization curves indicated that the mixed inhibitor can reduce anodic dissolution and cathodic hydrogen evolution reactions simultaneously. The results of impedance measurements indicated that this inhibitor cannot change the corrosion mechanism of 13Cr stainless steel in 20% HCl solution. The results of the study can provide a theoretical basis for the application of 13Cr stainless steel in conventional acidification solutions during oil well acidification construction process. Originality/value A novel compound was synthesized by cyclohexylamine, acetophenone and cinnamaldehyde through Mannich reaction in laboratory to use as corrosion inhibitor for steel in acidification process. The corrosion and anti-corrosion mechanism of 13Cr steel in acid solution was proposed.

Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel by three kinds of expired cephalosporins in 0.1 M H2SO4

It is difficult to avoid corrosion to carbon steel in acidic solutions, thus, in order to inhibit the corrosion of carbon steel during the acid pickling process, inhibitors must be added to the acid pickling solutions. In this work, the corrosion inhibition of carbon steel by three kinds of expired cephalosporins in 0.1 M H2SO4 was investigated by electrochemical, weight loss and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. For the carbon steel electrode, the electrochemical results revealed that the current density was decreased, while, the charge-transfer resistance was increased in the presence of cephalosporins in 0.1 M H2SO4 corrosive solution. The weight loss results confirmed that the addition of cephalosporins decreased the corrosion rate of carbon steel. Further, the inhibition efficiency was increased with the increase in the concentration of cephalosporins. The SEM analysis of carbon steel surface was performed to confirm the effect of cephalosporins on the corrosion inhibition. The presented research demonstrated the efficient use of expired drugs for effective corrosion inhibition which could be applied to the industries at the large scale.

Degradation of a schiff-base corrosion inhibitor by hydrolysis, and its effects on the inhibition efficiency for steel in hydrochloric acid

A Schiff base, known in the literature as a corrosion inhibitor for steel in acidic solution, is shown to hydrolyse in aqueous solution. It appears that the imine group present in this class of molecules is an unstable linkage and the hydrolysis reaction is both acid-catalysed and base-catalysed and is the reverse of the condensation reaction required to synthesize the Schiff base. Measurement of the rate of corrosion of carbon steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid shows that the Schiff base, and its hydrolysis products have similar inhibition efficiency when at similar molar concentration. This suggests that the inhibition imparted by Schiff base may be entirely due to the products of its hydrolysis under acid conditions. We also report here that a derivative of the Schiff base obtained by reduction shows higher corrosion inhibition efficiency and is not degraded by hydrolysis and provides a much more efficient corrosion inhibitor in 1 M HCl solution relative to the Schiff base itself.

Dopamine-modified polyaspartic acid as a green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acid solution

Small-molecule organic corrosion inhibitors have attracted extensive attentions, but there are relatively few studies on corrosion inhibitors based on eco-friendly polymer materials. In the present work, dopamine modified polyaspartic acid (PASP-Dop) was well-designed and prepared. The inhibition ability of PASP-Dop towards mild steel was studied at various concentrations and temperatures using electrochemical measurement and weight-loss method. Investigations indicate that PASP-Dop has high corrosion inhibition performance for mild steel in acid solution due to the effective adsorption of PASP-Dop molecules at the metal/solution interface which is found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. From the potentiodynamic polarization measurements, the inhibition efficiency of PASP-Dop for mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution at a concentration of 100 ppm is up to 90.9% at 298 K. In addition, effect of temperature performed by weight-loss measurement reveals that PASP-Dop has good temperature adaptability. These results clearly demonstrate that as-synthesized eco-friendly polymer (PASP-Dop) is a high efficiency corrosion inhibitor with good application prospect.