Steel In Acidic Chloride Solution Research Articles

Corrosion Behavior of Sensitized AISI 304 Stainless Steel in Acid Chloride Solution.

Corrosion resistance of sensitized austenitic stainless steel (SS) in chloride environments is currently the subject of numerous studies. Most of them are focused on neutral chloride solutions at room temperature and the experiments are carried out on ground stainless steels surfaces. This paper deals with the corrosion behavior of sensitized AISI 304 stainless steel in acid 1 M chloride solution (pH = 1.1) at the temperatures of 20 ± 3 °C and 50 °C. The specimens after sensitization are tested as covered by high-temperature surface oxides ("heat tinted"), and also after their chemical removal to assess the impact of the surface state on corrosion resistance. Potentiodynamic polarization (PP) and exposure immersion test are used as the independent corrosion tests. Microstructure before/after exposure immersion test is evaluated by optical microscopy (OM) and SEM. The results obtained showed that sensitization significantly conditions corrosion regardless of the removal of high-temperature oxides, and the elevated temperature mainly acts as its accelerating factor.

Corrigendum to “The Synergy Between Cement Spheroidization and Cu Alloying on the Corrosion Resistance of Ferrite-Pearlite Steel in Acid Chloride Solution” [J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 84 (2021) 65-75

Corrigendum to “The Synergy Between Cement Spheroidization and Cu Alloying on the Corrosion Resistance of Ferrite-Pearlite Steel in Acid Chloride Solution” [J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 84 (2021) 65-75

The synergy between cementite spheroidization and Cu alloying on the corrosion resistance of ferrite-pearlite steel in acidic chloride solution

In this work, the corrosion behavior of medium-carbon steels (45, 45Cu and 45Cuq steels) in acidic chloride environment was investigated. The results indicated that the micro-galvanic effect between the anodic ferrite matrix phase and the cathodic cementite secondary phase notably affected the corrosion resistance of the three steels. For 45 steel, serious pitting corrosion happened in and around the pearlite regions, and a large number of lamellar cementite was fixed in the corrosion pits. Meanwhile, the continuously increasing superficial area of cathodic cementite enhanced the micro-galvanic corrosion, resulting in a rapidly increase in corrosion rate with time. While for 45Cu and 45Cuq steels, macroscopic uniform corrosion occurred, and the cementite accumulation was markedly reduced as compared with 45 steel, thus the micro-galvanic effect was weakened and the corrosion rate was decreased accordingly. Among these, 45Cuq steel showed the most stable and excellent corrosion resistance during long-term corrosion, indicating the occurrence of a synergistic effect between cementite spheroidization and Cu alloying, thereby significantly improving the corrosion resistance of 45 steel.

Local Corrosion of AISI 304 Stainless Steel in Acidic Chloride Solution

AbstractAISI 304 austenitic stainless steel is recommended and used for various applications in industry, architecture and medicine. Presence of halides in environment evokes a possibility of the local corrosion which limits seriously exploitation of this material in aggressive conditions. The presented paper is focused on the pitting corrosion resistance (“as received” steel surface) in 1M chloride solution (pH=1.2) at a common (20 °C) and an elevated (50 °C) ambient temperatures. 24-hours exposure immersion test (ASTM G48) and cyclic potentiodynamic test (ASTM G61) are used as the independent test methods. The exposure immersion test is carried out with cross-rolled and longitudinally rolled specimens and the effect of direction of rolling on the resistance to pitting is studied.

Expired Podocip drug as potential corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acid chloride solution

Expired Podocip drug as potential corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acid chloride solution

Effects of laser shock processing on corrosion resistance of AISI 304 stainless steel in acid chloride solution

The effects of laser shock processing (LSP) on corrosion behavior of AISI 304 stainless steel in acid chloride solution have been investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Surface modifications including microstructure, residual stress, micro-hardness and phase transformation are characterized. Results show that LSP can promote the formation of deformation twins and deformation induced martensite, produce grain refinement, generate high magnitude compressive residual stress and increase surface micro-hardness. EIS results show that charge transfer resistance of one layer LSP treated sample is always higher than those of double layer LSP treated sample and non-treated sample in both acid chloride solutions, which implies a higher corrosion resistance for one layer LSP due to the formation of the compact passive film with less defects. Grain refinement and compressive residual stress induced by LSP can enhance the corrosion resistance of AISI 304 stainless steel, but the deformation induced martensite generated during LSP decreases the corrosion resistance. Corrosion resistance of AISI 304 stainless steel in acid chloride solution depends on the combined effects of these factors.

Assessment of the Inhibition Efficiency of 3-amino-5-methylthio-1H-1,2,4-triazole Against the Corrosion of Mild Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

Assessment of the Inhibition Efficiency of 3-amino-5-methylthio-1H-1,2,4-triazole Against the Corrosion of Mild Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

Novel Quaternary Ammonium‐Based Cationic Surfactants: Synthesis, Surface Activity and Evaluation as Corrosion Inhibitors for C1018 Carbon Steel in Acidic Chloride Solution

AbstractA novel class of quaternary ammonium‐based cationic surfactants is synthesized and characterized via spectroscopic methods (FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR). The surface properties, foaming power and biodegradability of the synthesized cationic surfactants are determined using the surface tension technique. The protection performance with their adsorption mechanisms for carbon steel is evaluated in a 15% HCl solution by a series of techniques including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization curves, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray spectroscopy, and UV–visible spectroscopy. The surfactants are found to be excellent corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel. The results show that the inhibition efficiencies are increased by increasing the concentration and the hydrophobic chain length of the tested compounds reaching the maximum at 250 ppm. The potentiodynamic polarization curves suggested that the inhibitors behave as a mixed type with predominant cathodic inhibition and the corrosion behavior can be explained by the adsorption film mechanism. Moreover, the mode of adsorption obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm; also, the adsorbed layer on the surface of the metal is approved by using SEM.

Surface protection of mild steel in acidic chloride solution by 5-Nitro-8-Hydroxy Quinoline

The effect of commercially available quinoline nucleus based pharmaceutically active compound 5-Nitro-8-Hydroxy Quinoline (NHQ) against the corrosion of mild steel (MS) in 1M acidic chloride (HCl) solution was investigated by chemical (weight loss – WL) and electrochemical (Tafel polarization, Linear polarization and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) techniques. From all the four methods, it is inferred that the percentage of inhibition efficiency increases with increasing the inhibitor concentration from 50 to 300ppm. The adsorption behavior of inhibitor obeyed through Langmuir isotherm model. Thermodynamic parameters were also calculated and predict that the process of inhibition is a spontaneous reaction. EIS technique exhibits one capacitive loop indicating that, the corrosion reaction is controlled by charge transfer process. Tafel polarization studies revealed that the investigated inhibitor is mixed type and the mode of adsorption is physical in nature. The surface morphologies were examined by FT-IR, SEM and EDX techniques. Theoretical quantum chemical calculations were performed to confirm the ability of NHQ to adsorb onto mild steel surface.

Hydrazino-methoxy-1,3,5-triazine Derivatives' Excellent Corrosion Organic Inhibitors of Steel in Acidic Chloride Solution.

The corrosion inhibition performance of 2-hydrazino-4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-tirazine (DMeHT), 2,4-dihydrazino-6-methoxy-1,3,5-triaizine (DHMeT), and 2,4,6-tridydrazino-1,3,5-triaizne (TH3) on steel corrosion in acidic media was examined using electrochemical techniques. The results showed 2,4-Ddihydrazino-6-methoxy-1,3,5-triaizine (DHMeT) gave the best corrosion protection performance among the other hydrazino derivatives even at a low concentration of 25 ppm (95%). The number of hydrazino groups play an important role in the corrosion inhibition, where the two hydrazine groups increased the electrostatic interactions between the protonated tested compounds, the negatively charged steel surface resulted from the adsorption of the chloride anions, and the presence of the methoxy group made the compound more reliable for formation of film protection on the surface of steel through the lone pair of oxygen atoms. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurements suggested that the corrosion process of steel in presence of the hydrazino-s-triazine derivatives (TH3, DMeHT and DHMeT) were being controlled by the charge transfer reaction. Polarization curves indicated that the examined TH3, DMeHT and DHMeT behaved as mixed type inhibitors.

Metavanadate(V) Anions as Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

Metavanadate(V) Anions as Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

Effect of Manihot Esculenta C. Leaf Extract Additive on the Zinc Electroplating on Mild Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

Effect of Manihot Esculenta C. Leaf Extract Additive on the Zinc Electroplating on Mild Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

Effect of Dextrin and Thiourea Additives on the Zinc Electroplated Mild Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

Effect of Dextrin and Thiourea Additives on the Zinc Electroplated Mild Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

Effects of Nicotiana Tobaccum Extract Additive on the Quality of Electroplating of Zinc on Mild Steel

Experimental investigations have been performed to determine the effects of nicotiana tobaccum (tobacco) extract additive on the electrodeposition of zinc on mild steel in acid chloride solution. The experiments were performed under different plating time, different additive concentrations and fixed pH conditions. Zinc electrodeposition on mild steel was performed using a DC - supply at defined operating parameters. The surface of the plated steel was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM); and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) for the surface elemental composition analysis. Different surface characteristics were obtained depending upon the concentration of the additive and the plating time. The corrosion resistance of the plated surface was also determined by a gravimetric method. The quality of the electro-deposition of zinc was good as indicated by the microstructural morphology of the plated surface except for the few porosities observed. The electrodeposition process was sensitive to the changes in the additive concentration and plating time. Any variation in the plating parameter produced an entirely new and different surface morphology.

Synergism of Saccharum officinarum and Ananas comosus extract additives on the quality of electroplated zinc on mild steel

Synergism of Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane) and Ananas comosus (pineapple) extract additives on the quality of electroplated zinc on mild steel in acid chloride solution was investigated experimentally at ambient temperature (*28 C). The experiments were performed at different plating times (15 and 18 min), additive concentrations (2, 2.5, 3 ml/50 ml of acid chloride solution), pH 5, temperature (27-30 C), current (0.08 A), and voltage (13 V DC) conditions. Zinc electroplating on mild steel was performed using a DC-supply. The surface of the plated steel was examined with scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy for surface elemental composition analysis. Different sur- face characteristics were obtained depending upon the concentration of the additive and the plating time. The corrosion resistance of the plated surface was determined by a gravimetric method. Microstructural morphology of the plated surface indi- cated a good quality electroplating that was better than either the sugarcane or pineapple extracts alone. The electroplating process was sensitive to changes in additive concentration and plating time. Any variation in the plating parameter produced an entirely new and different surface crystal morphology.

Inhibiting Effects of Rabeprazole Sulfide on the Corrosion of Mild Steel in Acidic Chloride Solution

The corrosion inhibition effect of Rabeprazole sulfide (RS) on mild steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) was investigated using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and chronoamperometric measurements. Protection efficiency of RS increases with the concentration and decreases with the rise in temperature. Adsorption of RS on mild steel surface in 1 M HCl follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters governing the adsorption process were calculated and discussed. The polarization results suggest that RS performed as an excellent mixed-type inhibitor for mild steel corrosion in 1 M HCl.

Influence of Ananas comosus Juice Extract as Additive on the Electrodeposition of Zinc on Mild Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

Influence of Ananas comosus Juice Extract as Additive on the Electrodeposition of Zinc on Mild Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

Effect of Saccharum officinarum Juice Extract Additive on the Electrodeposition of Zinc on Mild Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

Effect of Saccharum officinarum Juice Extract Additive on the Electrodeposition of Zinc on Mild Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

SCC evaluation of ultra-high strength steel in acidic chloride solution

The stress corrosion crack (SCC) susceptibility of ultra-high strength steel AerMet 100 was investigated by slow strain rate technique (SSRT), tensile with polarization and surface analysis technique. The curves of tfCl/tfW-strain rate are divided into three regions: stress-dominated region, SCC-dominated region, and corrosion-dominated region, so as the curves of ɛfCl/ɛfW-strain rate and tm/tf-strain rate. The results of tensile tests with polarization show that the main SCC mechanism of AerMet 100 is anodic dissolution, which controls the corrosion process. The three regions have been discussed according to the relationship between the rate of slip-step formation and the rate of dissolution. Fracture appearances in different environments were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SCC fracture appears as a mixture of intergranular and dimples, while it is totally dimples in the inert environment. The ɛf becomes the parameter to predict tf because the relationship between ɛfCl/ɛfW and tfCl/tfW is a straight line for AerMet 100.

Poly(4-vinylpyridine-hexadecyl bromide) as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acid chloride solution

The influence of the addition of poly(4-vinylpyridine-hexadecyl bromide) P4VP-Alkyl 50 % newly synthesized on the corrosion of mild steel in molar hydrochloric acid has been investigated by weight-loss measurements combined with linear potential scan voltammetry (I–E) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The polymer reduces the corrosion rate and the inhibition efficiency (E %) of P4VP-Alkyl 50 % increases with its concentration and attains 95 % at 300 mg/L. E % obtained from cathodic Tafel plots, EIS, and gravimetric methods were in good agreement. The inhibitor was adsorbed on the iron surface according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Polarization measurements also show that the compound acts as a cathodic inhibitor.