Statutory Position Research Articles

Biais de discrimination et statut social.

<titre>R&#233;SUM&#233;</titre> Cette recherche concerne l&#8217;approfondissement des biais de discrimination dans le cadre des relations statutaires. Un dispositif d&#8217;inspiration exp&#233;rimentale a permis d&#8217;&#233;tudier les relations entre les trois services d&#8217;une entreprise de r&#233;paration de t&#233;l&#233;phones portables en crise. Chaque sujet devait &#233;valuer des op&#233;rateurs de chaque groupe sur trois composantes&#160;: l&#8217;habilet&#233;, l&#8217;intelligence et la sociabilit&#233;. Les r&#233;sultats confirment la place statutaire de chaque groupe ainsi que la pr&#233;sence de biais de discrimination. Plus pr&#233;cis&#233;ment, conform&#233;ment aux hypoth&#232;ses, les sujets mettent en place un biais d&#8217;allod&#233;favoritisme vis-&#224;-vis des membres de groupes de plus bas statut. Par contre, ils semblent respecter les positions hi&#233;rarchiques des membres de groupes de plus haut statut qu&#8217;eux, soit en manifestant de l&#8217;autofavoritisme, soit m&#234;me en faisant de l&#8217;allofavoritisme lorsqu&#8217;ils occupent la place la plus &#233;lev&#233;e.

Identity crisis: Greece, orthodoxy, and the European Union

Orthodox Christianity and the legacy of the Byzantium are integral parts of Greek national identity. As the only Orthodox member state of the European Union Greece has been involved in a controversy of the inclusion of religion on identity cards. The statutory position of the mention of religion on official documents was recently changed by the socialist government, which enacted a privacy act omitting the declaration of faith, occupation or family status from newly issued state identity cards. Archbishop Christodoulos, who represents the Church of Greece and has undertaken a rigorous campaign of defending the Greek Orthodox tradition against the forces of globalisation, has strongly reaffirmed the right of citizens to specify their faith on identity cards. The article is a pilot study presenting a content analysis of the controversy by examining Greek and non-Greek perspectives on the issue, as they are expressed in a sample of Greek and international newspaper articles. The author analyses the different arguments and opinions of the conflict and explores the key themes raised by the controversy, namely the challenges and tensions posed by Greece's Church and State model, increasing religious diversity, and its dual, western and eastern, heritage.

Public Advocacy — Why the Red Cross and Red Crescent should look before it leaps

The role of public advocate on humanitarian issues appears to be a growing one for components of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. Before the specific matter of public advocacy can be addressed, however, it is important first to consider—or even, perhaps, reconsider—the statutory or constitutional position of the Red Cross and Red Crescent.

Parenté agnatique et par alliance, positions statutaires et circulation des offrandes : le déroulement contemporain d'une cérémonie des morts dans la vallée de la Kouaoua (Nouvelle-Calédonie)

Kinship along masculine and wedding lines, statutory position and the circulation of offerings. A contemporary death ceremony in the Kouaoua valley (New Caledonia). Contemporary death ceremonies are built up upon a dual opposition between two groups representing respectively the dead person's paternals and his maternal uncles. Each of the two mainly concerned lignages summons up their own kin along both masculine and wedding lines. Relationship to the dead - whether male or female - in both masculine and wedding lines gives the clue to the various statutory precedences actualized during the different stages of the ceremony, as well as the encompassing classification of the participating groups made during food distribution. Death brings up an inferiority position to the members of the chiefdom organizing the gathering which devolute statutory positions to the various participating groups all the higher as these belong to the dead's maternal uncles or as they are all the more sociologically removed from themselves according to both masculine and wedding lines. The circulation of gifts and counter gifts emphasizes participation rather than actual quantities being exchanged or their balance. As one can judge, these contemporary death ceremonies could be a compromise between different types of precolonial ceremonial gatherings. (Key words : South Pacific ; New Caledonia ; Kouaoua ; death ceremonies ; kinship along masculine and wedding lines ; statutory positions ; circulation of exchanges ; social change.)

INSIDER TRADING ‐ A REVIEW OF AUSTRALIAN AND UNITED STATES REGULATION

AbstractThis paper looks at the regulation of insider trading in the Australian and United States context. Both the common law and statutory positions are outlined and where necessary, deficiencies in the law are pointed out. Several areas of potential reform are discussed by the authors.

Habsburg School Reform Among the Orthodox Minorities, 1770-1780

At the death of the Orthodox Metropolitan Pavel Nenadović in 1768, the educational level of the great majority of his Serbian and Rumanian coreligionists was still very low. In the seventy-year period since the regions in which they lived had again come under Habsburg rule, only feeble and shortlived initiatives had been made to improve their lot. Literacy rates were minuscule, printed matter rare, and schools of any sort so few and so scattered as to make formal education a distinct oddity. This was true even of the Serbs, whose settlements in southern Hungary included a relatively large number of well-off merchants and peasants, and whose statutory position as leaders of the Orthodox minorities was thereby reinforced. Still worse off were the Rumanians, many of whom were just emerging from a pastoral economy and extreme cultural backwardness. Even among the lower Orthodox clergy, the ability to read and write in any language was deemed extraordinary. The literacy problem was complicated by the fact that both Serbs and Rumanians used variants of Church Slavonic instead of their own vernaculars as their literary vehicles.