Stability Status Research Articles

Analysis of Dynamic Postural Stability through Y-Balance Test among Patients with Type-II Diabetes Mellitus: An Observational Study

Aim: Different training tests are used to measure and train an individual for improvement in stationary and dynamic postural stability. Y-balance test has been utilized to test the dynamic postural stability among healthy individuals and athletes. Patients suffering from diabetes mellitus due to muscular weakness are prone to have altered dynamic postural stability. The primary objective of this study is to test the dynamic postural stability status of patients with Type-II diabetes mellitus through the Y-balance test. Methods: This cross-sectional observational investigation was conducted from June 2022 to November 2022 at Shalamar Hospital, Pakistan on 33 participants of both genders between the age group of 45-60 years. of both genders amid the age group of 45-60 years from the Diabetic Institute of Pakistan. A measuring tape was used to measure Y-balance test readings. SPSS software version 22 was used to analyze the results. Mean and standard deviation was calculated and independent and paired t-test were used to compare results. Results: Out of 33 study participants, 48.5% were male, and 51.5% were female. The findings of this study show that interlimb leg length differences were not noteworthy but both limbs had substantial results in the anterior direction (P ≤ 0.06). Furthermore, both males and females showed no interlimb differences in leg length in the posteromedial direction, however; females showed greater interlimb differences in the anterior and posterolateral direction (P ≤ 0.05). Practical Implication: Reference standards are indispensable for the accurate interpretation of the inspection results. Clinicians would use these normative numbers to institute a patient’s performance level. Since YBT enactment differs in diverse cultures, precise YBT reference standards must be recognized. Conclusions: Dynamic postural stability status of patients with Type-II diabetes mellitus through the Y-balance test showed significant differences appearing in the anterior reach distance than posterolateral and posteromedial reach distances, especially in females. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Dynamic Postural Stability, Physiotherapy, Physical Therapy, Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Y-Balance Test.

Is Mediolateral Head Motion during the Seated Hip Flexion Test and Indoor Cycling Test Associated with Core Stability?

Background Appropriate evaluation of core stability is needed to efficiently evaluate the rehabilitative effectiveness of various training programs. Symmetry in mediolateral head motion during the cycling test depends on the core stability status. The seated hip flexion test requires one of the cycling motions. Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate whether symmetry in mediolateral head motion during the seated hip flexion and cycling tests depends on core stability. Study design A cross-sectional study Methods A total of 75 subjects with poor (n=27) or good (n=48) core stability participated in the study. We measured the symmetry in mediolateral head angle during seated hip flexion and cycling tests, and then compared the results between individuals with good and poor core stability. Results There was no significant difference in head motion symmetry during the seated hip flexion test, although the poor core stability group showed greater asymmetry during the cycling test. Conclusions Our findings imply that the indoor cycling test can be used to estimate core stability; however, the seated hip flexion test is not appropriate for evaluating core stability. Proper resistance to lower extremity movements is needed to invoke core stability-dependent head motion in the frontal plane, considering the differences between the seated hip flexion and cycling tests.

Multi-planet systems explored: the case of the HD34445 system revisited

AbstractHD34445 is a system that consists of a star and six planets. In some previous work, we investigated the dynamical stability of the system by means of numerical simulations. Here, we explore the system further by carrying out additional numerical experiments. A total of 100000 simulations confirm previous findings of the stability status of the system at the 1σ and 99% c.i. level. We find that only 2.7% of the systems with parameters varied within 1σ from the mean were unstable, while that percentage rose to about 28% for systems with parameter values taken within the 99% c.i. These preliminary results are presented and discussed herein.

An Optimization of Machine Learning Approaches in the Forecasting of Global Financial Stability

In the current data-driven world, the significance of machine learning as a mechanism for making predictions is vital. This research dives into how supervised learning techniques can be used to predict whether a banking crisis will occur in areas of Africa, which can be generalized to determining the status of financial stability in all areas around the world. By applying different machine learning mechanisms, along with tuning the hyperparameters, the optimal machine learning technique was found to be a neural network with two hidden layers, both hidden layers having the ReLU activation function. These results demonstrate that through widespread implementation of this neural network, governmental and financial organizations can develop significant trends and predict when a state is in economic peril, allowing for sufficient financial, social, or other aid to be administered before situations deteriorate.

Machine Learning Models for Slope Stability Classification of Circular Mode Failure: An Updated Database and Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) Approach

Slope failures lead to large casualties and catastrophic societal and economic consequences, thus potentially threatening access to sustainable development. Slope stability assessment, offering potential long-term benefits for sustainable development, remains a challenge for the practitioner and researcher. In this study, for the first time, an automated machine learning (AutoML) approach was proposed for model development and slope stability assessments of circular mode failure. An updated database with 627 cases consisting of the unit weight, cohesion, and friction angle of the slope materials; slope angle and height; pore pressure ratio; and corresponding stability status has been established. The stacked ensemble of the best 1000 models was automatically selected as the top model from 8208 trained models using the H2O-AutoML platform, which requires little expert knowledge or manual tuning. The top-performing model outperformed the traditional manually tuned and metaheuristic-optimized models, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.970 and accuracy (ACC) of 0.904 based on the testing dataset and achieving a maximum lift of 2.1. The results clearly indicate that AutoML can provide an effective automated solution for machine learning (ML) model development and slope stability classification of circular mode failure based on extensive combinations of algorithm selection and hyperparameter tuning (CASHs), thereby reducing human efforts in model development. The proposed AutoML approach has the potential for short-term severity mitigation of geohazard and achieving long-term sustainable development goals.

Is lumbopelvic motor control associated with dynamic stability during gait, strength, and endurance of core musculatures?: The STROBE study.

Core stability has been described as the product of motor control and muscular capacity of the lumbopelvic-hip complex. Because of the wide range of functions of the lumbopelvic-hip complex, the gold standard for evaluating core stability remains controversial. The Sahrmann core stability test (SCST), used in conjunction with the stabilizer pressure biofeedback unit (PBU), is widely applied to objectively evaluate core stability as this pertains lumbopelvic motor control. However, the association between such control and other elements of core stability including core strength, endurance, and dynamic stability during gait has not been well-studied. We investigated the relationships among the ability to control the lumbopelvic complex, core strength and endurance, and gait parameters. We compared lateral core endurance, hip strengths, and gait parameters (lateral oscillation of the center of mass (COM), the single support time, and the peak ground reaction force) between good and poor core stability groups, as determined by the SCST. In addition, logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether other core stability measures correlated with the core stability status defined by the SCST. Only lateral oscillation of the COM during walking differed significantly between the good and poor core stability groups and was a significant predictor of SCST core stability status. Lumbopelvic motor control, (as defined by the SCST), affects dynamic stability during gait, but not to the strength or endurance of the core musculatures.

The Frequency of Alternative Splicing in Multiple Myeloma Is Determined By the Non-Homologous End Joining Pathway

Introduction: Alternative Splicing (AS) plays a pivotal role in regulating cellular processes in both normal and malignant cells. Previous studies indicated mutations in the spliceosome complex, such as SF3B1, can cause aberrant AS in acute myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma (MM) patients. However, there is also a known interaction between AS and the DNA damage response in other cancer types, which we investigate here. Materials and Methods: RNA-sequencing data of newly diagnosed MM patients (n=598) from the MMRF CoMMpass dataset were utilized to generate whole transcriptome AS profiles. For each patient, RNA-seq data was aligned to Hg38 reference genome using STAR while expression level was measured by Salmon. AS profiles were established from their alignment and expression profile using SUPPA2. Splicing level was defined by Percentage of Spliced-In (PSI). UMAP plots were generated for all patients using top 20,000 AS events ranked by variation in the sample set. High-quality differential AS events between groups of patients were obtained from the following thresholds: significant splicing level difference (|PSI|>10% and P <0.05 from T-test), sufficient expression level (TPM>1), not similarly spliced (|PSI|>10% and P-value<0.05 from T-test) in normal bone marrow plasma cells (N=5). Patient samples were annotated for cytogenetic, mutation, copy number and structural variation status. Pathway analysis was conducted for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Patients' overall survival and progression-free survival was displayed with Kaplan-Meier curves. Survival difference was measured by log-rank test and cox-regression (when other well-known risk factors were incorporated). Results: We examined differential AS by defining and comparing high and low activity of key myeloma KEGG pathways including the spliceosome, proteasome, DNA repair and ubiquitination pathways. The DNA repair pathway generated significantly more (P<0.05) differential AS events (N=1,197) than the other pathways. To examine this further, we performed the analysis for the three main DNA repair mechanisms: homologous recombination (HR), non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) pathways. The number of differential AS events (N=2,999) between NHEJ-high (N=121) and -low (N=36) samples was significantly more than for the other DNA repair pathways (P<0.05). NHEJ-high samples were significantly enriched for TP53 mutations (15% vs. 6%, P=2x10-5, Fisher's exact test), biallelic-TP53 events (10% vs. 4%, P=3x10-5), and biallelic-TENT5C (21% vs. 10%, P=1x10-9) events (Figure 1). Additionally, expression of LIG4 and XRCC4, encoding DNA IV ligase complex, a key component of the NHEJ pathway, correlated highly (, Spearman correlation) with the number of differential AS events. The NHEJ-high group also harbored significantly more structural abnormalities than the NHEJ-low group (mean 87 vs. 19, P=6x10-4, Mann-Whitney U test), indicating their different status of DNA stability that was highly associated with this pathway. Survival analysis indicated that patients in the NHEJ-high group showed a significant worse progression-free survival (PFS) compared to others (Logrank statistic=7.3, P=0.007). In a multivariate analysis including other high-risk factors such as MGP-Double-Hit, t(4;14), t(14;16), TP53 mutation, 17p del, 1q gain/amp, and ISS=III, the NHEJ-high group retained significance (Hazard Ratio=1.8, P=1.6x10-5). To incorporate AS events we further applied a backward elimination approach to automatically select an optimal prognostic model from top 200 highly variant AS events ranked by variation and 7 well-known risk factors along with high NHEJ activity in PFS for the entire population. This model contained 16 significant risk factors (P<0.05, Multivariate cox regression) and 12 of them were AS events. NHEJ-high samples were significantly enriched (P<0.05, Fisher exact test) for eight of the AS events that were associated with poor prognosis. Conclusion: AS frequency is associated with the NHEJ pathway in MM. NHEJ activity is also associated with DNA instability through increased number of structural rearrangements and is a high-risk factor. Figure 1. High expression of the NHEJ pathways is associated with TP53 and TENT5C abnormalities. Figure 1View largeDownload PPTFigure 1View largeDownload PPT Close modal

Supervised Learning of Overcomplete Dictionaries for Rapid Response-Based Dynamic Stability Prediction

This paper develops a supervised learning of overcomplete dictionaries (SLOD) to efficiently perform online analysis and prediction of dynamic stability (DSP) in large power systems. To this end, multiple post-contingency signals with varying faults, load and generator switching are acquired by phasor measurement units (PMUs) based monitoring of all generators to form the training dataset. The SLOD approach then jointly learns a sparse feature dictionary and a stability status classifier using dynamic singular value decomposition (D-KSVD) and orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP). The aim is to learn features of the signals while adding a stability status term to the optimization problem. This enabled stable/unstable classes to be represented. The proposed SLOD manages to improve online DSP shortly after a contingency. It does this without any prior assumptions or signal preprocessing except for dynamic state estimation to get rotor speed from generator terminal PMU data. Test results on the IEEE 2-area 4 machines, 39 and 68 -bus test systems demonstrate that the SLOD gives more than satisfactory performance in all cases (i.e., ∼99.99% accuracy, ∼99.99% reliability, and 100% security) compared to Statistics and Machine Learning Toolbox™ -MATLAB that use time-series-based high-dimensional stability indices as input for DSP.

Improvement of ecosystem quality in National Key Ecological Function Zones in China during 2000–2015

Improving ecosystem quality is the ultimate goal of ecological restoration projects and sustainable ecosystem management. However, previous results of ecosystem quality lack comparability among different regions when assessing the effectiveness of ecological restoration projects on the regional or national scales, due to the influence of geographical and climatic background conditions. Here we proposed a new index, ecosystem quality ratio (EQR), by integrating the status of landscape structure, ecosystem services, ecosystem stability, and human disturbance relative to their reference conditions, and assessed the EQR changes in China's counties and National Key Ecological Function Zones (NKEFZs) from 1990 to 2015. The results showed that the average ecosystem quality of China's counties deviated from the reference condition by 28%. EQR decreased by 1.2% during 1990–2000 but increased by 3.7% during 2000–2015. Those counties with increasing EQR in 2000–2015 occupy 64.7%, with obviously increasing counties mainly located in the water conservation, biodiversity maintenance, and water and soil conservation types of NKEFZs. The EQR increase in counties within NKEFZs was 3.65 times that outside of NKEFZs. Remarkable improvement of ecosystem quality occurred in the forest region in Changbai Mountain, biodiversity and soil conservation region in Wuling Mountains, and hilly and gully region of Loess Plateau, where EQR increases mainly resulted from the conversion of farmland to forest or grassland and consequent increases in ecosystem services and stability. The magnitude of EQR enhancement showed a positive relationship with the increase in forest and grassland coverage in NKEFZs. Our results highlight the important role of ecological restoration projects in improving ecosystem quality in China, and demonstrate the feasibility of the new index (EQR) for the assessment of ecosystem quality in terms of ecosystem management and restoration.

Operation diagnosis for centrifugal pumps using stator current-based indicators

Motor current signature analysis (MCSA) used in the diagnosis of centrifugal pumps has become a hot topic due to its non-intrusive and cost-effective nature. Yet, traditional current-based diagnosis methods show limitations as massive computation and power frequency interference. Moreover, most of them focus on the fault detection, fewer discuss the applications in operation evaluation. Therefore in this article, the hydro-mechanical-electric coupling effect that exists in the induction motor-centrifugal pump system is analyzed systematically. On this foundation, novel indicators that can reflect the harmonic distortion and noise proportion of stator current signals, and further indicate the hydraulic stability and operation status are proposed. Theoretical and experimental analysis support this paper, and results have demonstrated that our proposed indicators can indicate the operation change, identify the optimal operation region, and reflect the development of cavitation for centrifugal pumps. These indicators have the advantages of easy calculation and identification, therefore can be conveniently compared with accepted standards and enable immediate remedial actions to be implemented to ensure the stable operation.

Reirradiation on spine metastases: an Italian survey on behalf of palliative care and reirradiation study groups of Italian association of radiotherapy and clinical oncology (AIRO).

This survey derived from the collaboration between the Palliative Care and Reirradiation Study Groups of the Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology (AIRO). Its aim was to obtain a real "snapshot" on the treatments of spinal metastases, focusing on reirradiation, among radiation oncologists in Italy. The survey was elaborated on SurveyMonkey's online interface and was sent via e-mail to all Radiation Oncologists of AIRO that were invited to anonymously fill in the electronic form within 60days. The questionnaire was prepared by the AIRO "Palliative care" and "Reirradiation" Study Groups and it consisted of 36 questions, 19 single-choice questions, 10 multiple-choice questions and 6 open questions. The data were analyzed and represented with tables and graphs. The survey shows that palliative radiotherapy remains a field of interest for most ROs in the Italian centers. 3D Conventional Radiation Therapy (3DCRT) alone or in combination with other techniques is the primary choice for patients with a life expectancy of less than 6months. For patients with a life expectancy of more than six months, there is an increased use of new technologies, such as Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT). Factors considered for retreatment are time between first and second treatment, dose delivered to spine metastasis and spinal cord in the first treatment, vertebral stability, symptoms, and/or performance status. The most feared complication are myelopathy followed by vertebral fracture and local recurrence. This explain an increasing focus on patient selection and the use of high technology in the treatment of metastatic patients. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and image-guided radiotherapy allow the administration of ablative RT doses while sparing the constraints of healthy tissue in spinal metastases. However, there is still an unclear and heterogeneous reality in the reirradiation of spinal metastases. A national registry with the aim of clarifying the most controversial aspects of vertebral metastasis retreatments will enable better management of these patients and design more targeted study designs.

Stability: Concept, relevance, inducing and maintaining it

AbstractVitiligo is an autoimmune disease resulting in destruction of melanocytes which leads to depigmented patches on the skin. An assessment of disease activity and/or stability is important for many reasons, one of them being planning surgical intervention. Though there are sufficient studies in the literature exploring the clinical, biochemical, and molecular predictors of disease stability, there still exists ambiguity in many of these aspects. There are no longitudinal prospective cohort studies to assess the course of vitiligo and it is difficult to predict the status of stability of the disease with certainty. This review focuses on the clinical features which can help a clinician judge whether the disease is progressive in a patient being planned for surgical intervention. Subsequently, there is also a discussion on tools including ultraviolet light photography, imaging software, and dermoscopy in accurately assessing the stability of disease. This is followed by a review of the literature on the biochemical, serological, microscopic, and ultrastructural findings in active versus static disease. The review ends with interventions for inducing and maintaining stability in this enigmatic disease.

Partial substitution of alfalfa hay by Berberis vulgaris leaf modulated the growth performance, meat quality and antioxidant status of fattening lambs.

Undoubtedly, global warming has caused a decrease in the production of agricultural commodities. This problem has increased the price of animal feed due to competition with human consumption. Meanwhile, the physiology of ruminants gives them the ability to use by-products and agricultural waste and supply their requirements for growth, maintenance and even production. Berberis vulgaris is a plant native to Iran, and after separating the fruit, its waste (mainly leaf) is unused and causes environmental pollution. The leaves of this plant contain significant amounts of phenolic compounds, alkaloids and anthocyanins that have antioxidant properties. This experiment was conducted with the aim of determining the chemical properties of barberry leaves, such as crude protein, phenolic compounds, tannins and alkaloids. The effects of substituting of B. vulgaris leaf (BVL) in the diet on performance characteristics of fattening Baluchi lambs were evaluated. The quality and antioxidant status of meat and blood parameters such as glucose, cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen and liver enzymes were investigated. A total of 21 male of 5-6 months old lambs with a mean body weight of 30.60±1.28kg were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments with different levels of BVL: 1-diet without BVL (control), 2-diet containing 7.5% BVL (BVL7.5), and 3-diet containing 15% BVL (BVL15; dry matter [DM] basis). Blood samples were harvested after overnight fasting from the jugular vein at 0, 28, 56 and 84 days. The lambs were slaughtered after 84 days of feeding trial andlongissimus dorsi(LD) muscle was dissected. Meat quality and antioxidant stability status were measured. 15% substitution of alfalfa hay by BVL (BVL15) increased DM intake) and decreased average daily gain (p≤ 0.05). The LD muscle (p≤ 0.05), liver (p≤ 0.01) and plasma (p≤ 0.05) samples of lambs fed either BVL7.5 or BVL15 displayed a greater total antioxidant capacity than that of lambs fed the control diet. Also, malondialdehyde concentration was decreased in plasma (p≤ 0.01) and LD muscle of lambs (p≤0.05) fed both BVL7.5 and BVL15. In addition, higher a* and C* values (p≤0.05) were observed in the meat of lambs fed BVL15 than those fed with the control, while the lightness (L*) in BVL15 was lower, compared to other experimental diets CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our results indicated that 7.5% substitution of alfalfa hay by BVL may positively modulate the antioxidant status of fattening lambs and improve the colour stability of meat without negative effects on performance characteristics.

A Practical Classification System for Acute Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Based on a Three-Phased Modified Delphi Process From the AOSpine Spinal Cord Injury Knowledge Forum.

A modified Delphi study. To assess current practice patterns in the management of cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) and develop a simplified, practical classification system which offers ease of use in the acute setting, incorporates modern diagnostic tools and provides utility in determining treatment strategies for cervical SCI. A three-phase modified Delphi procedure was performed between April 2020 and December 2021. During the first phase, members of the AOSpine SCI Knowledge forum proposed variables of importance for classifying and treating cervical SCI. The second phase involved an international survey of spine surgeons gauging practices surrounding the role and timing of surgery for cervical SCI and opinions regarding factors which most influence these practices. For the third phase, information obtained from phases 1 and 2 were used to draft a new classification system. 396 surgeons responded to the survey. Neurological status, spinal stability and cord compression were the most important variables influencing decisions surrounding the role and timing of surgery. The majority (>50%) of respondents preferred to perform surgery within 24hours post-SCI in clinical scenarios in which there was instability, severe cord compression or severe neurology. Situations in which <50% of respondents were inclined to operate early included: SCI with mild neurological impairments, with cord compression but without instability (with or without medical comorbidities), and SCI without cord compression or instability. Spinal stability, cord compression and neurological status are the most important variables influencing surgeons' practices surrounding the surgical management of cervical SCI. Based on these results, a simplified classification system for acute cervical SCI has been proposed.

Vibrations of a Bridge with Random Structural Irregularities Under Random Traffic Load and a Probabilistic Structural Degradation Assessment Approach

PurposeDynamic loads like traffic make bridges vibrate. Especially for bridges with a large span, vibrations have a significant impact on their structural stability and durability. Due to material defects, fatigue and other influences, a bridge typically has random structural irregularities, which affect its dynamic response. In this work, an effective mathematical approach is presented to study the dynamic response of a model single span slender beam bridge, in the presence of random structural irregularities. In addition, an approach to assess the structural degradation of a bridge is presented.MethodsThe slender beam bridge is modelled as an Euler-Bernoulli beam and the random structural irregularities are considered by random fields in the bending stiffness and the mass per unit length. As an illustrative example, the vibrations of a model road bridge are investigated for randomly crossing vehicles. After Monte Carlo experiments with and without random structural irregularities the vibrations and mechanical stresses of the bridge are determined and analysed.ResultsThe study shows statistically significant variations in the most dominant frequencies with and without random structural irregularities.ConclusionThe influence of the random irregularities on the structural stability status of a bridge may not be negligible. The probability of a serious structural degradation in the bridge can be assessed by means of a binomial logistic model. The developed approach enables a better understanding of the vibrations and structural status of bridges, taking into account random structural irregularities and random traffic.

A Novel Fast Transient Stability Assessment of Power Systems Using Fault-On Trajectory

In this article, for fast transient stability status (TSS) prediction, a new scheme is proposed, which does not require any postfault data and predicts TSS using data measured until the end of the fault-on period. In this method, phasor measurement units (PMUs) are located at synchronous generators' (SGs) buses to gather time-synchronized data. Then, these measurements are applied to the proposed procedure to calculate the feature set utilizing fault-on and prefault information and predict TSS by a decision tree classifier. Since the feature set does not include any postfault (i.e., after short-circuit clearance) data, the proposed method has the capability of fast prediction of postdisturbance TSS, and hence, it provides more opportunity for system operators and/or special protection systems to implement timely corrective actions to prevent instability. Also, the results of the time-domain analysis carried out in IEEE14-bus, IEEE39-bus, 16-Machine (68-bus), and IEEE118-bus test systems and comparison of them with previous techniques reveal that although the proposed method requires fewer PMUs, it can forecast TSS accurately under N-1 and N-2 conditions. Besides, these results confirm that, considering the measurement error, when the rotor angle of SGs is estimated using the data measured by WAMS, the proposed method accurately predicts TSS.

Tracking geomorphic changes after suburban development with a high density of green stormwater infrastructure practices in Montgomery County, Maryland

Stream morphology is affected by changes on the surrounding landscape. Understanding the effects of urbanization on stream morphology is a critical factor for land managers to maintain and improve vulnerable stream corridors in urbanizing landscapes. Stormwater practices are used in urban landscapes to manage runoff volumes and peak flows, potentially mitigating alterations to the flow regime that drive changes in channel morphology. However, there remains a paucity of long-term studies assessing watershed-scale relationships between urbanization and effects on stream morphology where green stormwater infrastructure exists in high densities. This paper evaluates the geomorphic changes across four headwater catchments in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed over the course of >10 yr and relates these changes to urban development. Annual cross-sectional surveys conducted from 2002 to 2019 in one forested catchment, one agricultural catchment, and two treatment catchments were used to understand the relationship between urbanization and changes in stream morphology. Six cross-sectional geomorphic metrics were calculated and compared with development timelines and high flow events. A channel evolution model was then used to understand the status of morphologic stability at sites within the study. Results suggest downstream environments in developing areas are more impacted during early phases of suburban construction. Channel change during construction could be a result of sediment and erosion control efforts' limitations on preventing and controlling overland sediment mobilization or of increased discharge causing widening and thus bank-derived sediment to move to the streambed. Results demonstrate that geomorphic metrics are highly variable within a small area and are not always accurate representations of broader landscape changes but rather of the more localized environment at a specific stream segment. Despite a high density of stormwater management facilities in urban catchments, substantial alterations to cross sections were found at multiple locations in each catchment including the controls.

Status and Trends in Financial Inclusion and Financial Stability: A Comparative Analysis of SAARC Countries

Financial Inclusion (FI) refers to the process of bringing more people under the coverage of formal financial sector/s. It is very common in developed countries over the decades. But with the development of science and technology, financial inclusion has been introduced and spread in many developing nations in recent times. Most of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) nations are still under the category of developing economies. Mostly financial inclusion has taken part in this region for the last two decades. This research conducted a comparative study among the different SAARC nations based on the achievement in financial inclusion. This paper attempted to identify the sequential position of those countries as they can evaluate them by comparing each other for further improvement and stability.

A feature-subspace-based ensemble method for estimating long-term voltage stability margins

This study proposes a methodology for online voltage stability monitoring using a feature subspace based ensemble approach. The overall idea is to use the input from varied feature selectors for the ensemble and aggregate their outputs. This approach is superior to conventional feature selection methods because it can handle stability issues that are usually poor in existing feature selection methods and improve performance. The selected features are used as an input to three different regression algorithms to enable online voltage stability monitoring. A Bayesian optimization technique is used to tune machine learning (ML) models’ hyper-parameters and determine the optimal number of features. The proposed approach is evaluated in experiments using simulated data from the Nordic test system. The simulation results have shown that the proposed method efficiently predicts the status of dynamic voltage stability in the test system.

The Roles of TP53 and FGFR2 in Progress Made Treating Endometrial Cancer.

The morbidity and mortality caused by endometrial cancer (EC) is still rising worldwide. In recent years, a new system of tumor stratification has been proposed based on POLE-mutational status, TP53, and microsatellite stability status. The aim of the study was to analyze a vast panel on the genes potentially involved in the genesis of endometrial cancer in the Polish population. One hundred and three white female patients with confirmed endometrial cancer were enrolled on the study. We performed sequencing using the Hot Spot Illumina panel and microsatellite stability with immunohistochemistry. We confirmed a key role of the TP53 mutation in progress to high-grade EC and parallelly some role of FGFR2 mutation. Moreover, our data present a vast landscape of mutations in EC and their polymorphism. We reported the meaning of FGFR2 mutation and TP53 (high copy number) in high-grade ECs. Our observation in MSI contribution is comparable with other studies. Finally, we see a strong need for the implementation of the TCGA classification.