Lipid Peroxidation Status Research Articles

Measurement of serum paraoxonase activity and MDA concentrations in patients suffering with oral squamous cell carcinoma

BackgroundOxidative stress is associated with many diseases including cancer. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent cancer involving oral cavity. We evaluate the activity of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) in serum samples of subjects suffering from OSCC along with malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, a marker for oxidative stress. Antioxidant status in OSCC may reflect the role of oxidative imbalance in the disease. MethodsForty-five patients suffering with OSCC and 30 healthy controls were selected for the study. Serum paraoxonase (PON) and arylesterase (ARE) activities were measured in subjects suffering from OSCC and their healthy counterparts. To examine the status of lipid peroxidation, MDA concentrations were estimated and a correlation was determined between PON activities and MDA concentrations. MDA expression in cancer and normal adjacent tissue was studied through immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Total reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was determined in serum from normal and diseased subjects. Our results revealed that both PON and ARE activities of PON1 were significantly decreased in OSCC patients. Serum MDA concentrations were inversely correlated to PON activity. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a higher expression of MDA in cancerous tissue. Total ROS levels were found to be significantly elevated in cancer subjects. ConclusionsAlong with other antioxidants, PON levels may act as an indicator of oxidative stress in cancer.

Anticancer effect of Ellagic acid and paclitaxel on Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant status in female Sprague dawley rats

There has been growing interest in studying the role played by lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in breast cancer Free radicals are found to be involved in both initiation and promotion of multistage carcinogenesis. In the present study,effects of both ellagic acid and paclitaxel on the levels of lipid peroxides(LPO) and status of antioxidants in several tissues were studied in mammary carcinoma rats. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also measured in control and experimental animals.A significant increase in the levels of LPO,ROS and a decreased levels of antioxidants observed in mammary carcinoma bearing rats were found to be reverted back to near normal levels on treatment with both paclitaxel and ellagic acid.These results suggest that the free radical mediated damage during mammary carcinoma could have been controlled by both ellagic acid and paclitaxel by its free radical quenching and antioxidative potential.The above results also show that both paclitaxel and ellagic acid exert its anticancer effect on the development of breast cancer. Keywords: Ellagic acid , Breast cancer, LPO, Reactive oxygen species.

Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Status in Schizophrenic Patients Treated by Quetiapine = زناخة الدهون و مضادات الأكسدة الكلي في المرضى المصابين بالانفصام و تحت علاج عقار كيوتابين

Objectives: To find the effect of quetiapine on lipid peroxidation and serum total antioxidant status (TAS) in schizophrenic patients. Patients and methods: The subjects comprised 27 schizophrenic patients and 27 healthy volunteers. Clinical symptoms for the patients were assessed in Brief Individual Psychiatry Rating Scale (BPRS) items. The patients were treated with quetiapine (200-500 mg/day) orally for 8 weeks then reevaluated after the treatment. Blood samples from the patients were taken before and after quetiapine treatments. Other blood samples were taken from healthy subjects as a control group. Serum was obtained and analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA) and TAS. Results: Base time and after 8 weeks of quetiapine treatment showed a significant decrease in BPRS score in the schizophrenic patients. Serum MDA was significantly higher in the schizophrenic patients (difference = 124.1% of control) than controls. The parameter decreased significantly after quetiapine treatment by 16.9% compared with before treatment values. Serum TAS, in the schizophrenic patients, was significantly lower (38.4%) than controls. Quetiapine increased serum TAS significantly by 21.1%. Quetiapine treatment significantly increased body mass index (BMI) by 2.9%. Conclusion: Quetiapine depressed lipid peroxidation, and raised serum TAS in schizophrenic patients. The change in these parameters by quetiapine may play a role in its therapeutic activit

Studies on combined effect of Aeromonas hydrophila and cadmium on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in selected tissues of Indian freshwater major carp, Catla catla: role of silver nanoparticles

. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of dual stressors cadmium (Cd) and Aeromonas hydrophila (AH) on pro-and antioxidant status in gills, kidneys and liver tissues of fishes, Catla catla treated with or without silver nano-particles. Significant elevation in the lipid peroxidation levels with a significant decrease in the activity levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase in were observed in gills, kidneys and liver tissues of fishes exposed to individual and/or in combination with Cd and AH over controls. However, significant elevation in the activity levels of xanthine oxidase was observed in the selected tissues of fishes treated with Cd, AH and Cd+AH over controls. On the other hand, AgNPs showed a reversal effect on Cd-, AHand Cd+AH-induced alterations in lipid peroxidation levels and antioxidant enzymes in gills, kidneys and liver tissues of fishes over their respective controls. No significant changes were observed in lipid peroxidation levels and antioxidant enzymes in selected tissues of fishes exposed to AgNPs alone as compared to untreated fishes. From the findings it is clear that AgNPs protects gills, kidneys and liver against Cd and AH induced oxidative stress. Further studies in this direction might definitely augment the use of nano-based compounds as therapeutic candidates in fisheries. KEY WORDSA. hydrophila, Catla catla, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes, silver nanoparticles

Serum biochemical responses under oxidative stress of aspartame in wistar albino rats

ObjectiveTo study whether the oral administration of aspartame (40 mg/kg body weight) for 15 d, 30 d and 90 d have any effect on marker enzymes, some selective liver and kidney function parameter, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in serum. To mimic human methanol metabolism, folate deficient animals were used. MethodAnimal weight, complete hemogram, marker enzyme in serum, some selected serum profile reflect liver and kidney function, plasma corticosterone level, and in serum, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant level was measured . ResultAfter 15 d of aspartame administration animals showed a significant change in marker enzymes, and antioxidant level. However, after repeated long term administration (30 d and 90 d) showed a significant change in some selected serum profile reflects liver and kidney function, along with marker enzymes, and antioxidant level. ConclusionsThis study concludes that oral administration of aspartame (40 mg/kg body weight) causes oxidative stress in Wistar albino rats by altering their oxidant/antioxidant balance.

A Study of Oxidative Stress and Altered Endothelial Cell Function in Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a complex multisystem disorder characterized by hypertension and proteinuria. It is one of the most common and potentially fatal complications of pregnancy. A case control study was carried out to assess the levels of homocysteine, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in patients with preeclampsia. Fasting venous samples were collected during antepartum period and serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy), malondialdehyde (MDA), ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and uric acid were measured. In the preeclamptic group, Hcy and MDA levels were significantly raised while antioxidant ascorbic acid level was significantly reduced (p < 0.01) and uric acid concentration was increased significantly (p <0.01). These findings suggest that Hcy and lipid peroxidation are associated with preeclampsia. In preeclampsia, antioxidants are extensively utilized to counter act the cellular changes and endothelial dysfunction mediated by oxidative stress. Placental oxidative stress which results from the ischemic reperfusion injury is reported to be involved in the etiopathogenesis of preeclampsia.

The Role of Oxidative Stress in Carcinogenesis Induced By Metals in Breast Cancer Egyptian Females Sample at Dakahlia Governorate

Trace metals and metals induced Oxidative stress have been implicated in breast carcinogenesis. Our study aimed to evaluate alteration of trace metals in breast tissue, oxidative stress and antioxidant status in breast cancer patients. This study included 120 female patients: 100 with breast cancer and 20 with benign breast diseases. Trace metals in breast tissue, lipid peroxidation and oxidative status were assessed. The present Results showed a significant increase in lead, cadmium, chromium, nickel and iron concentrations in malignant breast tissues compared to control group (P < 0.001). Also, a significant decline in Glutathione-S-transferase (GST), Glutathione Reductase (GR) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) levels; however a significant rise in Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Ferritin levels was detected in patients with breast cancer compared to controls. In conclusion, the alteration of the elemental content in cancerous breast tissues and the disruption of oxidant/antioxidant balance highlight the role of trace metals in cancer development.

Chemopreventive potential of Apium leptophyllum (Pers.) against DMBA induced skin carcinogenesis model by modulatory influence on biochemical and antioxidant biomarkers in Swiss mice.

Aim:The study was designed to investigate the chemopreventive potential of flavonoidal fractions of Apium leptophyllum fruits (FFALF) on Swiss mice.Materials and Methods:Skin tumor or papilloma was developed by topical application of DMBA (25 μg in 0.1 ml acetone) on intrascapular region of mice, twice weekly for 8 weeks. The animals were divided into six groups: Group I (vehicle control); group II (FFALF control, 5 mg/kg); group III (carcinogenic control, DMBA treated initially for 8 weeks); and group IV, V and VI as pre-treated group (FFALF 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg respectively for 16 weeks along with DMBA treatment). After the 16th week of treatment; the tumor morphology, skin histopathology, and biochemical and antioxidant biomarkers were measured and compared with carcinogenic control as well as vehicle control.Results:The co-administration of FFALF with DMBA-treated groups showed significant (P ≤ 0.001) prevention against skin papilloma and normalized the status of lipid peroxidation with antioxidant biomarkers in a dose-dependent manner as compared to carcinogenic control.Conclusions:Thus, the present study suggests that the FFALF is non-carcinogenic and has chemopreventive potential on DMBA-induced carcinogenesis in mouse, which may be due to the modulation of cutaneous lipid peroxidation or enhancement of total antioxidant capacity.

Uncoupling of increased cellular oxidative stress and myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by directed sarcolemma stabilization

Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major clinical problem leading to cardiac dysfunction and myocyte death. It is widely held that I/R causes damage to membrane phospholipids, and is a significant mechanism of cardiac I/R injury. Molecular dissection of sarcolemmal damage in I/R, however, has been difficult to address experimentally. We studied here cardiac I/R injury under conditions targeting gain- or loss-of sarcolemma integrity. To implement gain-in-sarcolemma integrity during I/R, synthetic copolymer-based sarcolemmal stabilizers (CSS), including Poloxamer 188 (P188), were used as a tool to directly stabilize the sarcolemma. Consistent with the hypothesis of sarcolemmal stabilization, cellular markers of necrosis and apoptosis evident in untreated myocytes were fully blocked in sarcolemma stabilized myocytes. Unexpectedly, sarcolemmal stabilization of adult cardiac myocytes did not affect the status of myocyte-generated oxidants or lipid peroxidation in two independent assays. We also investigated the loss of sarcolemmal integrity using two independent genetic mouse models, dystrophin-deficient mdx or dysferlin knockout (Dysf KO) mice. Both models of sarcolemmal loss-of-function were severely affected by I/R injury ex vivo, and this was lessened by CSS. In vivo studies also showed that infarct size was significantly reduced in CSS-treated hearts. Mechanistically, these findings support a model whereby I/R-mediated increased myocyte oxidative stress is uncoupled from myocyte injury. Because the sarcolemma stabilizers used here do not transit across the myocyte membrane this is evidence that intracellular targets of oxidants are not sufficiently altered to affect cell death when sarcolemma integrity is preserved by synthetic stabilizers. These findings, in turn, suggest that sarcolemma destabilization, and consequent Ca2+ mishandling, as a focal initiating mechanism underlying myocardial I/R injury.

Artesunate–amodiaquine combination therapy in the absence of malarial parasite infection induces oxidative damage in female rats

Artesunate-amodiaquine is among the most widely available artemisinin combination therapy used as treatment regimen for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Our aim was to evaluate clinical routine markers of liver and renal functions, lipid profile levels and lipid peroxidation status in a female mammalian rat model. This was an attempt to simulate a scenario where the drugs are taken without malarial parasite infection, which is a common practice in settings where drug misuse is a common practice. Twenty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four study groups of five animals each. Group 1 (control) received distilled water, group 2 was exposed to artesunate [2 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)], group 3 was administered with amodiaquine (6.12 mg/kg b.w.) and group 4 was co-administered with artesunate (2 mg/kg b.w.) and amodiaquine (6.12 mg/kg b.w.) for 3 days. At the end of the treatment period, animals were fasted overnight and sacrificed. Markers of liver and renal functions and lipid profile indices were evaluated in the plasma, whereas lipid peroxidation status, GSH concentration and G6PD activity were assessed in the erythrocytes. The results showed that the co-administration of artesunate and amodiaquine altered liver function markers and lipid profile indices. The drugs also induced lipid peroxidation as evidenced by the elevated level of oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (p < 0.05). We recommend therefore that the drugs should be taken with prescription only with clinical evidence of malarial parasite infection.

Oral supplementation with troxerutin (trihydroxyethylrutin), modulates lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis

The present study was aimed to investigate the chemopreventive potential of troxerutin on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced rat colon carcinogenesis by evaluating the antioxidant and lipid peroxidation (LPO) status. Rats were randomly divided into six groups. Group I rats served as control. Group II rats received troxerutin (50mg/kgb.w., p.o.) for 16 weeks. Groups III–VI rats received subcutaneous injections of DMH (20mg/kgb.w., s.c.) once a week, for the first 4 weeks. In addition to DMH, groups IV–VI rats received troxerutin at the doses of 12.5, 25 and 50mg/kgb.w., respectively. In DMH treated rats, our results showed decreased activities of antioxidants and increased levels of LPO in the liver. Moreover, LPO and antioxidants in the colon were found to be significantly diminished in DMH the treated rats. Furthermore, enhanced activity of colonic vitamin C and vitamin E levels were observed in DMH alone treated rats (group III), which was significantly reversed on troxerutin supplementation. Troxerutin at the dose of 25mg/kgb.w. had shown profound beneficial effects by exhibiting near normal biochemical profile and well-preserved colon histology as compared to the other two tested doses (12.5 and 50mg/kgb.w.). These findings suggest that troxerutin could serve as a novel agent for colon cancer chemoprevention.

Improvement of superoxide dismutase and catalase in streptozotocin–nicotinamide-induced type 2-diabetes in mice by berberine and glibenclamide

Context: Diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Oxidative stress participates in development and progression of DM, in which changes of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were noted in DM mice. Berberine has been widely used as an alternative medicine and proved to be effective for the treatment of DM and dyslipidemia.Objective: Impacts of berberine on transcriptional regulation of SOD and CAT and their enzyme activities, including the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, were examined in the DM type 2-induced mice to clarify its antioxidation potential, compared with a common hypoglycemic drug, glibenclamide.Materials and methods: Noninsulin-dependent diabetes was induced in mice by a single intraperitoneal streptozotocin–nicotinamide injection. Diabetic mice were treated daily with glibenclamide (10 mg/kg/d) and/or berberine (100 mg/kg/d) for 2 weeks. The fasting blood glucose and the MDA levels in the mouse liver, brain and kidneys were monitored using Glucometer® (Accu-Check® Advantage II Performa kits, Roche Diagnostics, Germany) and thiobarbituric acid substance assay, respectively. The expression of SOD and CAT mRNA were determined in the mouse liver and the activities of SOD and CAT enzymes were determined in mouse liver, brain and kidneys, respectively.Results: Berberine exhibited similar hypoglycemic potential as glibenclamide to lower area under the curve of the fasting blood glucose. In DM type 2 mice, berberine increased the hepatic CuZn-SOD mRNA expression and the kidney SOD and CAT activities to normal levels. Moreover, DM-induced lipid peroxidation by increasing of MDA levels in both the liver and brain and lipid peroxidation status was restored by berberine.Conclusion: Berberine possessed hypoglycemic properties and strong potential to improve the oxidant–antioxidant balance, though the combination treatment of berberine and glibenclamide did not show additional benefit over the treatment with berberine alone.

Tocopherol from seeds of Cucurbita pepo against diabetes: Validation by in vivo experiments supported by computational docking

Tocopherol from raw pumpkin seeds has been reported to be effective in the alleviation of diabetes through its antioxidant activities. This study evaluates the antidiabetic activities of the tocopherol fraction of raw seeds of Cucurbita pepo L. (CPSE) in a diabetic rat model. In addition, the putative action mechanisms of its botanicals were computationally investigated. Seed water activity (Aw) was assessed. Tocopherol was extracted and quantified from raw seed oil. The effect of CPSE was studied in poloxamer-407 (PX-407)-induced type 2 diabetic Wistar rats. Glycemic, insulinemic, and lipid profiles, as well as lipid peroxidation status, were evaluated. Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) content in the cecum was evaluated and histopathological analysis of the pancreas was performed. Further, HYBRID and FRED docking were performed for 10 documented CPSE botanicals, for putative action mechanisms concerning three proteins [protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV)] known to have diabetic therapeutic potential. The Aw of raw seeds was found to be 0.544 ± 0.002. Using tocopherol standards, HPLC determination of CPSE revealed the presence of tocopherol isomers (α, β, γ, and δ). The tocopherol content was found to be 107.4 ± 2.9 mg/100 g of CPSE. When compared to diabetic control (DC) rats, the CPSE-treated diabetic rats presented a significant amelioration of glycemia, insulinemia, and lipid dysmetabolism. A remarkable reduction in oxidative markers and improved cecal and pancreatic characteristics were also observed. Tocopherol isomers have shown a considerable interaction potential with the aforesaid proteins in docking. The results provide pharmacological evidence of CPSE as an antihyperglycemic mediated by the interaction of various botanicals with multiple targets operating in diabetes mellitus (DM).

Antioxidant vitamins and lipid peroxidation status in noncyclic versus cyclic ewes subjected to ram effect, before mating

This study assessed the levels of plasma vitamins A, E, and C and the lipid peroxidation status of cyclic and noncyclic ewes during pre-breeding week after a period of poor nutrition. The study was conducted on 100 crossbred fat-tailed adult ewes with body condition scores of 2.5 to 3.5, grazing on medium-to-low quality forages during summer. During 3 weeks of flushing, the ewes were fed alfalfa hay (40 %) and wheat straw (60 %) ad libitum plus 300 g of barley grain/head/day in addition to the available pasture. The ewes had been isolated for 2 months during summer and, thereafter, were kept in close proximity of the rams for 1 week before ram release. Whole blood samples were collected 7 days (day −7) and a few hours before ram release (day 1). Plasma progesterone (P4, marker of ovulation) and antioxidant vitamins and hemolysate malondialdehyde (MDA, marker of lipid peroxidation) were measured. Plasma P4 was also measured in an additional sample taken 14 days after ram release. Twenty-eight percent of ewes were noncyclic in both pre-breeding samplings (P4 ≤ 1 ng/mL). On day −7, the noncyclic ewes had higher levels of MDA (P = 0.027), but the antioxidant vitamins were not different between cyclic and noncyclic ewes (P > 0.05). On day 1, all antioxidant vitamins declined significantly in cyclic ewes, whereas they remained almost constant (P > 0.05) in noncyclic animals. At this time, MDA concentration increased in the cyclic ewes (P = 0.014). At day 14, after ram introduction, the proportion of noncyclic ewes reduced to 13 %. Oxidative stress may postpone the ewe’s cyclicity at the beginning of the breeding period but may be alleviated after a while. This may cause delayed conception and extended lambing periods. Ovarian cyclicity is capable of reducing the plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins and increases the level of lipid peroxidation.

Synergistic and individual effects of umbelliferone with 5-fluorouracil on tumor markers and antioxidant status of rat treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine

PurposeColorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most common malignancies worldwide. Early diagnosis of the progressive tumor disease and control of the effect of therapy in colorectal carcinoma are most frequently performed. MethodsThe purpose of this present work was to evaluate the synergistic responses of a novel chemopreventive combination regimen namely 5-FU and natural coumarin family, UMB to assess the serum tumor markers CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 for colorectal carcinoma is described according to recently formulated guidelines, in addition of antioxidant and lipid peroxidation status in the serum of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced rat colon carcinogenesis. ResultsAdministration of DMH resulted in decreased serum levels of antioxidants such as GST, SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, GSH and lipid peroxidation end products such as TBARS, LOOH and CD with concomitant increase in the levels of colon cancer specific serum markers like CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 levels. Administration of UMB alone and combined forms of UMB with 5-FU to the colon cancer-bearing rats significantly attenuated these alterations which indicates the anticancer effect that was further confirmed by histopathological analysis. ConclusionsOverall, these findings substantiate the synergistic potential of UMB with 5-FU against chemically-induced colon cancer in rats.

Oxidative stress induced by the chemotherapeutic agent arsenic trioxide.

Arsenic compounds have been used for medicinal purposes throughout history. Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) achieved dramatic remissions in patients with acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Unfortunately, the clinical usefulness of As2O3 has been limited by its toxicity. The present study was designed to investigate the toxic effects of As2O3 at its clinical concentrations. Experimental rats were administered with As2O3 2, 4 and 8 mg/kg body weight for a period of 45 days and the serum glucose, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status were measured. As2O3-treated rats showed elevated serum glucose, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase concentrations. Lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde was found to be produced more in arsenic-treated rats. Reduced glutathione and glutathione-dependant antioxidant enzymes, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase, and the antiperoxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase, concentrations were reduced with the As2O3 treatment. All these toxic effects were found increased with the increase in concentration of As2O3. The results of the study indicate that As2O3 produced dose-dependant toxic side effects at its clinical concentrations.

IN VIVO ANALYSIS OF LIPID PEROXIDATION AND TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN SUBJECTS TREATED WITH STAINLESS STEEL ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES

Abstract Introduction: Nickel is a strong immunologic sensitizer, although nickel sensitivity has been reported to be lower in subjects who have received orthodontic treatment; perhaps they develop immunological tolerance over the long period of treatment. Hence the present aim of the work was to determine the levels of lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant status in Serum and Saliva in subjects treated with stainless steel Orthodontic appliances. Methods and Materials: The study group included 25 participants and Samples were taken in different time intervals: Time interval 1- Collection of samples before the appliances fixed, Time interval 2- Collection of sample after one week of fixed appliances, Time interval 3- Collection of sample after three months of fixed appliances each from the Orthodontic Department of A. B.Shetty Memorial institute of dental science.Lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde) level is estimated using Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method. Total antioxidant level was estimated using Phosphomolybdenum method. Conclusion: Total antioxidant and Malondialdehyde levels are increased in case of Females compared to Males in serum whereas in case of Saliva Total antioxidant level is increased in Time interval 2 and 3 in Males compared to Females.

Efficacy of treatment on antioxidant status in cervical cancer patients: A case control study

Abstract Background and aim To evaluate the effect of treatment on antioxidant status of cervical cancer patients with suspected and healthy. Method The study was included 59 cancer patients with cervical cancer were compared to suspected (n = 25) and healthy controls (n = 25). Of the 59, 30 patients undergoing chemotherapy alone, for 3 months and 29 patients were undergoing radiotherapy along with chemotherapy. Blood samples were collected after the treatment from all the groups and estimated the level of serum malondialdehyde, non-enzymatic antioxidant glutathione and enzymatic antioxidant including super oxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Results The levels of serum malondialdehyde and glutathione reductase were significantly (P Conclusion The results suggest that the elevated lipid peroxidation and impaired antioxidant status was significantly increased after the radiotherapy with chemotherapy than the chemotherapy alone.

Effects of umbelliferone on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a major source of global mortality, still rising in worldwide. The present study aims at elucidating the antioxidant efficiency of umbelliferone (UMB) in N-Nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) induced rat liver carcinogenesis. Rats were randomly divided into six groups of six rats each as follows. Rats are in group I received standard pellet diet and served as control, group II rats were induced with hepatocellular carcinoma by providing 0.01 % DEN through drinking water 15 weeks. Group III rats received umbelliferone via intragastric intubation at a daily dose of 30 mg/kg body weight for 16 weeks every day. Groups IV–VI rats received 0.01% of DEN as in group II along with umbelliferone via intragastric intubation at a daily dose of 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg body weight for throughout the experimental period of 16 weeks. DEN induction in experimental animals resulted in increased activities of liver marker enzymes and lipid peroxidation levels and decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes. Umbelliferone treatment restored the elevated activities of liver marker enzymes and antioxidant status to near-normal with decreased lipid peroxidation levels. Histological observations of liver tissue too correlated with the above biochemical findings. These results clearly suggest that umbelliferone treatment prevents liver damage, lipid peroxidation and protects the antioxidant defense system in DEN-induced liver carcinogenesis in rats.

Effect of Methanolic Extract of Vernonia amygdalina (Common Bitter Leaf) on Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Enzymes in Rats Exposed to Cycasin

This study investigated the effect of a methanolic extract of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status of the colon of rats maintained on a normal diet containing 5% Cycas revoluta (cycads). Fifty male Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned into five groups of ten experimental animals in a study that lasted for six weeks. One control group was maintained on a normal diet only while another group was fed a normal diet containing 5% cycads. The other three groups were maintained on the normal diet and 5% cycads and orally fed 200 mg VA/kg body weight for 1, 5 or 6 weeks. The results obtained revealed that the level of malondialdehyde (an index of lipid peroxidation) was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in rats exposed to cycads only compared with the control. However, oral administration of VA in conjunction with exposure to cycads appeared to reduce the extent of lipid peroxidation to values that are not significantly (p > 0.05) different from those of the control. The activity of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in the experimental animals fed cycads compared with the controls. Oral administration of VA seemed to counteract the effect of cycads on SOD in the colon as no significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in rats fed VA compared with the controls. The results of this study suggest that methanolic extract of VA may mitigate the biochemical consequences of cycasin-induced lipid peroxidation in the colon of rats.