Status In Indonesia Research Articles

Child Malnutrition in Indonesia: Can Education, Sanitation and Healthcare Augment the Role of Income?

AbstractIn spite of the sustained economic growth and progress in reducing poverty, the status of child nutrition is abysmal in Indonesia with chronic malnutrition rates continuing to remain at very high levels. In this backdrop, this study attempts to shed light on the channels through which various socio‐economic factors affect children's nutritional status in Indonesia. Utilizing recent data from Indonesian Family Life Survey, and controlling for an exhaustive set of socio‐economic factors, it emerged that mother's education, water and sanitation conditions, household poverty and access to healthcare to strongly influence chronic malnutrition among children in Indonesia. Child stunting rates were surprisingly high even in the wealthiest quintile of households, implying that income growth merely will not automatically solve the nutritional problem. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The Influence of Nutrition Status on Executive Function of Early Childhood Education in DKI Jakarta Province

The research objective was to know the influence of nutrition status on executive function to the children. The type of research used ex-post facto through survey method at six Class B early childhood education which the total number of students is 102 students who were gotten multistage cluster random sampling technique from the all students in DKI Jakarta Province. The data of children’s executive function was gained through survey method and used Executive function instrument, BRIEF-P which had modified and validated. The research finding was based on analysis in this study, then concise that the children’s executive function was affected by their nutrition status. To raise the children’s executive function, it needs to increase their nutrition status. Likewise, the children who have good nutrition status are disposed to have good executive function. Therefore, through this research may be a suggestion for the government of Indonesia to increase the children’s nutrition status in Indonesia by serving the educational program to the parents, and hold the teacher’s training for PAUD teachers in order to upgrade the understanding of children executive function, thus they can restrain disturbances of learning process in the classroom.

The Association between Height and Hypertension in Indonesia

There is growing interest in the influence of early-life conditions on the development of disease. Among diseases in adulthood, hypertension is particularly important for the developing world because considerably more people there are and will be afflicted with the disease than in the developed world and hypertensives there are often unaware of their disease status. We employed height as a proxy for the influence of early-life conditions and estimated the relation between height and hypertension status in Indonesia. We analysed 9,597 men and 10,143 women, aged 25–70. We employed a linear probability model to relate height to hypertension status by sex and age. When we controlled for an array of covariates, a 10cm increase in height was related to an approximately 7% point reduction in the likelihood of being hypertensive for both men and women. This is about a quarter of the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia. This relation was linear and stronger among older individuals. In addition, the pre- and post-pubertal environments (measured by leg and trunk lengths, respectively) contributed similarly to hypertension. Further evidence suggests that women are more likely to be hypertensive at older ages because they are on average shorter than men.

Assets and poverty status dynamics in 5 main regions in Indonesia

Comparing household expenditure and national poverty line, about 24.78% of households in Indonesia experienced poverty (expenditure below the poverty line) at least once within 14-year period. By utilizing the Ordered Logit Model, this study examines the determinants of household poverty status and analyses the relative effect of different household assets and characteristics on their poverty status. Employing three waves of Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) consisting of household level data from the year of 2000, 2007 and 2014 and categorized households into five main regions based on their location. This study finds that assets (building, vehicle, jewellery, and savings) play important role in determining poverty status of households in Indonesia. Some demographic and socio-economic variables are confirmed to be statistically significant to poverty status in Indonesia. However, the determinants of poverty status vary within regions.

Parental Perception of the Children’s Weight Status in Indonesia

This study was a part of a doctoral study, and the researcher was supported by the Indonesia Directorate General of Higher Education.

Parental Perception of the Children’s Weight Status in Indonesia

Parental Perception of the Children’s Weight Status in Indonesia

Did Indonesia achieve the MDGs goals by 2015 ?

MDGs 2015 are the program for the welfare of society. The countries that show the great achievement of MDGs goals remain the successful of the government of the countries. This paper aimed to provide the knowledge regarding the achievement of Indonesia in MDGs goals. The achievement could be seen from the distribution of poverty, Health development index, Nutritional status, maternal mortality, and Malaria status in Indonesia.

Association of Maternal and Child Health Center (Posyandu) Availability with Child Weight Status in Indonesia: A National Study.

Little is known about the childhood obesity prevention and treatment practices of Maternal and Child Health services (Posyandu) in Indonesia or in other countries. The present study aims to assess the association of the availability of Posyandu with overweight and obesity in children of different household wealth levels. This was a secondary analysis of data collected in the 2013 Riskesdas (or Basic Health Research) survey, a cross-sectional study, representative population-based data. Height and weight, the availability of Posyandu, and basic characteristics of the study population were collected from parents with children aged 0 to 5 years (n = 63,237). Non-availability of Posyandu significantly raised the odds of being obese (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.06–1.21) and did not show a significant relationship in the odds for overweight (OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.93–1.07). This relationship persisted after a full adjustment (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.07–1.25 and OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.96–1.13, respectively). There was effect modification by household wealth, which was stronger for obese children. The availability of Posyandu has a protective association with childhood obesity in Indonesia. Posyandu services are well placed to play an important role in obesity prevention and treatment in early life.

Identification of waterbody status in Indonesia by using predictive index assessment tool

The relationship between land use and water quality status is complex and likely to be site-specific, and more work is needed for it to be clearly quantified. Theref National Cheng Kung University, No 1 University Road, Tainan 701ore, the main objective of this paper was thus to identify and investigate status of waterbodies (lakes and rivers) by using appropriate predictive index assessment tool coupled with the offered Adaptive Co-Management (ACM) methodology towards sustainability of water quality and ecology in Indonesia. We then present a comprehensive assessment as baseline information to describe the existing condition of waterbody status in study area. The results indicated that the basic requirements of predictive index assessment tool, expressed as indicator: criteria and attributes, are use-specific or targeted to the protection of the watershed and waterbodies uses among a number of land use policies. In some situations, even stricter requirements and policies are necessary to achieve sustainability of water quality and ecology in Indonesia.

Perceived food security status – a case study of households in North Luwu, Indonesia

Purpose– The purpose of this study was to investigate the socioeconomic impact on perceived household food security in the North Luwu District of South Sulawesi Province in the eastern part of Indonesia. In Indonesia, 87 million people are presently vulnerable to food insecurity. Thus, the United Nations Development Programme’s primary millennium development goal for Indonesia is to halve the number of people who suffer from hunger by 2015. It is clear that food security at the household level is crucial to achieving this target.Design/methodology/approach– In total, 371 household heads were interviewed. The households’ perceptions of their food security status were captured by asking the household head the following question: “How do you perceive your household’s food security status during the last month”? Respondents could select from the following options: insecure, somewhat insecure, somewhat secure, secure and highly secure. Here, the household head’s answer is regarded as the household’s subjective food security status (SFSS). We then applied descriptive analysis and an ordered logit model to determine the socioeconomic factors that influence SFSS.Findings– As expected, in both analyses, household income and formal level of education have a strong relationship to SFSS. However, this study finds that food nutrition knowledge also shows a significant role in enhancing the probability that household SFSS will be in a better food security category. This could be a breakthrough in improving household food security status given the lack of formal education.Practical implications– Neighborhood resource-based food preparation counseling programs are essential. Existing food programs for Indonesian households should be reoriented and incorporated into the non-formal educational curriculum and should be carried out at the family level or in small groups to ensure that the message of the program is delivered effectively. In the short term, for non-farm households, the government should provide targeted households with crash programs such as revolving funds for household-level business activities. For farm households, ensuring that farming infrastructures, facilities and technologies are adequate and affordable is crucial to sustaining their production process.Originality/value– This is the first study to investigate the perceptions of household heads on their food security status in Indonesia. Most prior studies on household food security in Indonesia were conducted in response to Indonesia’s 1997 economic crisis and focused predominantly on Java, in the western part of Indonesia; there is little existing research on the eastern part of Indonesia. Moreover, this study is the first to emphasize the significant role of food nutrition knowledge in increasing the probability of household heads’ perceptions on their food security status being in a better category.

KELUARGA SADAR GIZI (KADARZI) DALAM MENUJU GIZI BAIK UNTUK SEMUA

FAMILY NUTRITION AWARENESSTO ACHIEVE BETTER NUTRITIONAL STATUS FOR ALL Effort to improve nutritional status of the people in the last 20 year had been successfully achieved. The prevalence of Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM) decreased from 37.5% in 1989 to 27.5% in 2003. The prevalence of Iodine Deficiency Diseases (IDD) decreased from 27.9% in 1990 to 11.10% in 2003. The number of pregnant mothers with anemia and vitamin A deficiency were also decreasing. No sufficient data on other micronutrients status in Indonesia. Nutrition problem in Indonesia in general is still considered as a public health problem. Nutrition program in Indonesia has not been optimally involving nutrition education activities. In addition, the existing potential resources and sociocultural values in the community have not been taken into account in the implementation of nutrition program. Based on these past experiences, the Ministry of Health will focused its nutrition program to achieve Nutrition Awareness of all families (Keluarga Sadar Gizi, KADARZI) in order to reach to the improvement of nutritional status of the people. Nutritionally aware families are the families that able to know and overcome their own nutrition problem or to find aid from others to solve the problem. Following the development in new paradigm of nutrition program to achieve KADARZI, therefore the nutrition research activities should also in part focused on the development of nutrition education tools based on Communicator, Information, Education (CIE) Technics and Sociocultural aspects in the community. Key words : Family Nutrition Awareness (KADARZI), Communication-Information-Education (CIE)

Relationship Between Dietary Diversity and Perceived Food Security Status in Indonesia : A Case of Households in The North Luwu of South Sulawesi Province

The aim of this study is to observe the relationship between the objective and subjective measurement of household food security status in North Luwu in Indonesia. The objective measurement is done by means of the composite Dietary Diversity Score (DDScomposite) consisted of nine food groups, while the subjective measurement is done using the Subjective Food Security Score (SFSS). Specifically, this study estimated the probability of household for being more food secure due to their dietary diversity status and the composing food groups. For this study, the DDScomposite consist of nine groups: grain, tuber, animal product, oil and fat, oily seeds, nuts, sweets, fruits and vegetables, and-others. Furthermore, the SFSS has five category of household food security in this measurement: insecure, somewhat insecure, somewhat secure, secure, and highly secure. The descriptive analysis shows that in all DDScomposite level the perceived food secure category always have the highest percentage. the household head largely regard that their household are in food secure level even thought they only consume two or three kinds of food groups. Another finding is that keeping the tuber food group, in this case sago starch, available in household will make household heads felt more food secure. From the regression estimation, the DDScomposite, as a composite score of the availability of food groups in a household is found significantly have potency to improve the perceived food security status of the household. Furthermore, among the food groups composing the the DDScomposite, existence of tuber, animal products, oily seed, nuts, as well as fruit and vegetables food groups are likely to increase the probability of a household's SFSS being in a better food security category, whereas the sweets food group give a reverse effect.

Ina

Establishment of Forest Police Rapid Response Unit (SPORC) is the government's policy on law enforcement efforts in the field of forestry. Since its formation in 2005 it has been kown as its field implementation, while the practice of illegal logging still occurs. This study aims to reveal what the policy arguments underlying the formation, how it was implemented - especially SPORC Brigade Anoa in South Sulawesi (SPORC Anoa), and what can be recommended for the law enforcement to be more effective. The results showed that the problem is defined thus giving birth of SPORC formation policy is the deforestation is at very alarming rate, while the existing forest protection agencies have not been effective. In terms of quality, SPORC Anoa performance has not met expectations, most of the suspects were prosecuted to court are farmers. Lack of community involvement in the prevention and eradication of illegal logging, and poor relationships between central and local forestry agencies, mainly due to sharp differences about perception of forest area status. Completion of forest area status in Indonesia being important recommendations that need to be addressed. Forestry Law that is not up to date anymore, and institutions that have not been fully independent, caused low quality of case handling

Effects of social economics changes on children health status in Indonesia (IFLS 1993 – 2007)

Results Results showed that there were socio-economic changes in household on average 11% per year in the middle quintile. There were association between socio-economic increase and the decrease of stunting prevalence (P = 0.000; OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.251-2.017). Most of the decrease in rates of stunting among children occurred in the wealthiest fifth. In 1997 the likelihood of stunting increased 5% per year in the bottom fourth and fifth of the population. After 1997, there was a decreasing trend. This study also found that stunting in children who were exposed to the care of midwife during childhood (1993) was significantly better than that of their peers in the same age and cohort in communities without midwives (P = 0.001; OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.177-1.817).

The Influence of Attitude And Subjective Norms On Student’s (Future) Intention and Future Decision Of Higher Level Studies: A Case Study of Five Universities with BHMN Status in Indonesia

Since government regulation (PP) Nu 61/1999 came into effect, competitions were heating up among state-owned universities (PTN) in attracting high school graduates. This research aims to understand  students’ attitudes toward tertiary education institutions, their promotion activities and other external factors such as family, and the impact of those attitudes in choosing tertiary education institution if they were to take further study and in recommending certain tertiary education institution to other people. The sample chosen was approximately 500 first-year tertiary students from UI, ITB, IPB, UGM dan Unair. The result of this study found that students are strongly influenced by their positive attitude toward tertiary education institution, being shaped mainly by the perception on lecturers’ quality and education facility, as well as external influence that motivates them to acquire similar characteristics  with that of a certain reference group exists in the respective tertiary education institution. Keywords: attitudes, subjective norms, promotion activities, tertiary education institution

Masculinity, Violence and Socioeconomic Status in Indonesia

In qualitative interviews conducted during 2009/2010, 86 male interviewees frequently “explained” violence between men in Indonesia as resulting from low socioeconomic status. This paper is not about how violence actually happens, but about how it is explained by Indonesian men. We unpack the discursive assertions of interviewees, and first explore the cultural utility and validity of the “hydraulic pressure” model of male violence found popular in the Indonesian mass media. While some men used this simple model of explosive violence caused by pressure, others acknowledged the active choice of men in marginal economic circumstances to use violence. We then consider this range of explanations for the link between socioeconomic disadvantage and male violence through the lens of Messerschmidt’s “compensatory” thesis on violence and masculinity.

Benchmarking Nursing Education in Indonesia for Social Development and Global Competitiveness

Background: - This paper describes how nursing education in Indonesia benchmarking nursing education in the Philippines for social development and global competitiveness. Kolaka Nursing Academy in Kolaka City, Southeast Sulawesi Province and Tri Mandiri Sakti Institute of Health Sciences in Bengkulu City were two pilot nursing schools in Indonesia for benchmarking, while Western Mindanao State University, Zamboanga City and the Philippine Women's University, Manila, and were two schools in the Philippines as benchmarks. In general, the study sought to explain the nursing education status in Indonesia and to what extent has nursing education in Indonesia contributed to social development and social welfare. Methods: - Qualitative research design was used in assessing, comparing and analyzing the nursing education program of two selected nursing schools of Indonesia that established Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) with nursing schools in the Philippines, and the two nursing schools in the Philippines. The four nursing schools were chosen based on convenience and purposive sampling. In this study the researcher applied qualitative research design using documentary review and analyses for the purpose of comparing nursing education program and determining the best practices, strengths and weaknesses in program implementation between nursing school in the Philippines and Indonesia. It described the syntheses of data gathered using secondary documents, interview and observation. Results: - The bio-medical model of nursing education in Indonesia focusing on pathology and etiology of disease processes and medical treatment which is basically disease-oriented impressed upon the graduates that nurses are under the domain of the medical profession. Indonesian nursing curriculum needs improvement in terms of developing analytical and critical thinking skills, leadership and managerial capabilities among the students and impress upon them that nurses are independent professionals who collaborate with physician or doctor and other members of the health team in patient care regimen. Indonesian nursing curriculum provides minimal contact hours and opportunities for students to develop their clinical skills and competencies expected of professional nurses. Research limitations: - The limitation of the study was the unable of the researcher to conduct English proficiency test to compare the English proficiency between the students, the graduates and the faculty members of the pilot nursing schools in Indonesia with those nursing schools in the Philippines.

Dietary formulation to overcome micronutrient deficiency status in Indonesia

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the contribution of each food group from the typical Indonesian diet to the daily intake of micronutrients and to the micronutrient deficiency status of different age groups of the Indonesian population, and also to formulate a healthier diet using linear programming.

Non-violent extremists? Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia

Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) is a radical Muslim organisation whose origins go back two and a half decades. It espouses an ideology crafted during the 1950s by the Palestinian, Taqiuddin an-Nabhani. Hizbut Tahrir's international leadership exerts control over its Indonesian branch's activities to an extent virtually unprecedented in Indonesian political life. Like other radical Muslim movements, HTI is bitterly anti-Western and rejects capitalism, democracy, liberalism and pluralism. Its objective is to turn Indonesia into an Islamic state that would be merged into a global caliphate or Muslim superstate. Unusually for a radical group, HTI strictly eschews violence, though its rhetoric is often strident and inflammatory. HTI also opposes terrorism, but contrives to depict terrorist attacks that have taken place in Indonesia as the result of Western manipulation and conspiracies. Although HTI retains some elements of the clandestine life it led when it was first set up, it has provoked surprisingly little hostility from the Indonesian political mainstream or security authorities. It is likely to continue to grow and remain the source of a powerful critique of Indonesia's status quo. But this is no guarantee, however, that it will succeed even in the long term in positioning Indonesia for merger into an international caliphate.

Feeling Richer or Poorer than Others: A Cross‐section and Panel Analysis of Subjective Economic Status in Indonesia*

This paper examines what makes us feel richer or poorer than others. It investigates cross‐sectional and longitudinal determinants of individuals’ subjective economic status in Indonesia. Using two waves of Indonesian Family Life Surveys, 1997 and 2000, I show that individuals’ perceptions of where they are on the economic scale are more dependent on a number of socioeconomic characteristics, as well as their attitudes towards their future economic status, than their current spending capacities would suggest. I also find significant, albeit weaker, expenditure and income effects on individuals’ subjective economic status once individual fixed effects are controlled for in the regression.