Stature Research Articles

CrowbarLimbs: A Fatigue-Reducing Virtual Reality Text Entry Metaphor.

Text entry remains challenging in virtual environments, where users may quickly experience physical fatigue in some body parts using existing methods. In this paper, we propose "CrowbarLimbs," a novel virtual reality (VR) text entry metaphor with two deformable extended virtual limbs. By using a crowbar-like metaphor and placing the virtual keyboard at a user-preferred location based on the user's physical stature, our method can assist the user in placing their hands and arms in a comfortable posture, thus effectively reducing the physical fatigue in various body parts, such as hands, wrists, and elbows. In an initial user study, we found that CrowbarLimbs achieved text entry speed, accuracy, and system usability comparable to those of previous VR typing methods. To investigate the proposed metaphor in more depth, we further conducted two additional user studies to explore the ergonomically user-friendly shapes of CrowbarLimbs and virtual keyboard locations. The experimental results indicate that the shapes of CrowbarLimbs have significant effects on the fatigue ratings in various body parts and text entry speed. Furthermore, placing the virtual keyboard near the user and at half their height can lead to a satisfactory text entry rate of 28.37 words per minute.

Remembering Robert Resnick, PhD: The Pied Piper of Gestalt Therapy

When thinking of Robert (“Bob”) Resnick, the phrase “larger than life” quickly comes to mind. He was indeed “large” both in physical stature and his many appetites, including a love for good food, laughter, his beloved family, many colleagues and friends, as well as the Gestalt approach. As a therapist, theorist, and trainer he had an enormous impact on Gestalt therapy and the Gestalt community worldwide.It seems almost unimaginable that he and his associates were able to start and maintain an annual European-based residential program that resulted in the training of thousands of Gestalt therapists and practitioners from a myriad of countries for 49 years. It is not an understatement to say that he and his many colleagues who were engaged in this residential program were responsible for the spread of Gestalt theory and practice throughout the world. In fact, many of those trained by him returned home to start their own institutes and training programs. As Elizabeth Estrup discusses in her description of the program (detailed in this issue), Resnick and his colleagues paid exquisite attention to every aspect of the experience from the venue to specific teachings. This annual gathering was one of his major contributions to the Gestalt approach. It is with great sadness that the 50th celebration, which he so looked forward to, was postponed repeatedly because of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is comforting to know that Rita Resnick, his wife and professional collaborator, and their associates are working hard to make it a reality in the summer of 2023.But Resnick’s influence on Gestalt practitioners went way beyond his training programs. There was rarely a Gestalt event where he was not present, interacting and engaging with participants. In some ways one could say that he was the Pied Piper of Gestalt therapy. As Jay Levin discusses in his tribute in this issue, Resnick also was one of the first Gestalt practitioners to focus on the interpersonal, specifically marriage. His approach to theory was not insular. He was open to the opinions of others and welcomed their input. This is reflected in the practice of soliciting guest faculty year after year to the European residential program. These guests were invited to present live demonstrations, conducted in a respectful and open manner. In this way, attendees were exposed to different approaches and techniques.Despite his busy schedule and diverse activities, he was happy to assist in the creation of Gestalt Review in 1997 by agreeing to be an associate editor. He regularly attended the annual editorial gathering and was always willing to review submissions and offer his astute commentary. In addition, he was a consistent and reliable promoter of Gestalt Review, always eager to hand out past copies of the journal to colleagues and trainees along with subscription forms.On a personal note, we miss his humor, wisdom, and energy. The Gestalt community has lost a brilliant practitioner and an intrepid advocate. We know that we speak for many when we acknowledge this profound loss. Bob Resnick was an extraordinary and unique man and a gift to those who had the good fortune to know and work with him.

Stature estimation in Ancient Greece: population-specific equations and secular trends from 9000 BC to 900 AD

Stature is critical for our understanding of human morphology and evolution. This necessitates the development of accurate stature estimation methods. The aim of the present study is to generate population-specific equations for ancient Greece and to explore the diachronic stature trends over the last 10,000 years. In parallel, it introduces the Logarithmic Human Stature Index (LHSI) as a new tool for inter-population comparisons. We collected anthropometric data and reconstructed stature using the anatomical method from 77 males and 59 females from Greece (3rd c. BC–9th c. AD). We utilized this dataset to generate population-specific equations. We then applied the new formula to 775 individuals (10th millennium BC–9th c. AD) from Greece exploring stature secular trends. We tested the new equations to different populations of European origin (662 males and 498 females). Ordinary least square sets based on lower limbs provided the best estimations with the smaller errors. Male and female stature in ancient Greece in the last 10,000 years ranged from 159.7 to 170.6 cm and from 153.1 to 160.4 cm, respectively. We observed a decrease from the Mesolithic to the Neolithic period, a gradual increase from the Bronze Age to the Archaic/Classical periods, and a steady increase from the Roman period onwards. Stature secular trends in Greece are in accordance with historic, archaeological, and genomic data and similar to European patterns. LHSI is a valuable tool for anthropometric comparisons between reference series and thus can contribute to the choice of the optimal stature estimation formula.

Jacques E. Dumont (July 19, 1931-February 6, 2023).

Jacques E. Dumont (July 19, 1931-February 6, 2023).

Relating fish populations to coral colony size and complexity

A goal of coral reef management is to provide habitat and nursery areas for fish populations. This requires simple and reliable methods for characterizing biological and physical reef features that contribute to fish habitat. Most attempts to establish this relationship have been performed on small-scale, site-specific study areas where variability in fish populations and reef structure is limited and results may be insufficiently robust for extrapolation beyond those sites. Most studies also include geological structures, like ridges and rock formations that provide fish habitat but are not amenable to management action. A focus on the role of Scleractinia (stony corals) may better inform decisions aimed at improving fish habitat. Stony corals provide the structural foundation of coral reefs and are the target of numerous management actions. Data from three broad-area, multi-station reef surveys of fish and stony coral colonies were examined to identify correlations between fish population measures (density, taxa richness and biomass) and both biological (taxa richness and live surface area) and physical (number, size and structural complexity) attributes of scleractinian coral populations. Strongest correlations were found with physical coral features, particularly coral colony height. Characterizing this relationship will improve fishery management tools and support status and trend assessment of the worldwide decline in the physical stature of reefs.

Bloom syndrome: an oral potentially malignant disorders aiding in malignancy vigour.

Bloom syndrome: an oral potentially malignant disorders aiding in malignancy vigour.

Genetic analysis of production traits and body size measurements and their relationships with metabolic diseases in German Holstein cattle.

This study sheds light on the genetic complexity and interplay of production, body size, and metabolic health in dairy cattle. Phenotypes for body size-related traits from conformation classification (130,166 animals) and production (101,562 animals) of primiparous German Holstein cows were available. Additionally, 21,992, 16,641, and 7,096 animals were from herds with recordings of the metabolic diseases ketosis, displaced abomasum, and milk fever in first, second, and third lactation. Moreover, all animals were genotyped. Heritabilities of traits and genetic correlations between all traits were estimated and GWAS were performed. Heritability was between 0.240 and 0.333 for production and between 0.149 and 0.368 for body size traits. Metabolic diseases were lowly heritable, with estimates ranging from 0.011 to 0.029 in primiparous cows, from 0.008 to 0.031 in second lactation, and from 0.037 to 0.052 in third lactation. Production was found to have negative genetic correlations with body condition score (BCS; -0.279 to -0.343) and udder depth (-0.348 to -0.419). Positive correlations were observed for production and body depth (0.138-0.228), dairy character (DCH) (0.334-0.422), and stature (STAT) (0.084-0.158). In first parity cows, metabolic disease traits were unfavorably correlated with production, with genetic correlations varying from 0.111 to 0.224, implying that higher yielding cows have more metabolic problems. Genetic correlations of disease traits in second and third lactation with production in primiparous cows were low to moderate and in most cases unfavorable. While BCS was negatively correlated with metabolic diseases (-0.255 to -0.470), positive correlations were found between disease traits and DCH (0.269-0.469) as well as STAT (0.172-0.242). Thus, the results indicate that larger and sharper animals with low BCS are more susceptible to metabolic disorders. Genome-wide association studies revealed several significantly associated SNPs for production and conformation traits, confirming previous findings from literature. Moreover, for production and conformation traits, shared significant signals on Bos taurus autosome (BTA) 5 (88.36 Mb) and BTA 6 (86.40 to 87.27 Mb) were found, implying pleiotropy. Additionally, significant SNPs were observed for metabolic diseases on BTA 3, 10, 14, 17, and 26 in first lactation and on BTA 2, 6, 8, 17, and 23 in third lactation. Overall, this study provides important insights into the genetic basis and interrelations of relevant traits in today's Holstein cattle breeding programs, and findings may help to improve selection decisions.

Stature Estimation from Forearm Length: An Anthropometric Study on Medical Students of South Indian Origin

Forensic identification of mutilated and fragmented body parts is a critical part of forensic investigation. Stature is a major criterion of identification and provides useful clues to the investigating agency. There are established correlations of stature with body parts such as extremities, head, trunk, vertebral column, etc. This study was formulated to find out the correlation between maximum head length and maximum head breadth with stature in humans and to calculate a regression equation to determine stature from the head length and head breadth at Kolkata Police Morgue attached to the Upgraded Department of Forensic and State Medicine, Medical College, Kolkata. It is a cross-sectional, observational study. Total 32 deceased subjects (n= 32, m=26 f=6) were selected for the study depending on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Maximum head length and breadth were measured in each using spreading calipers and stature was measured using standard autopsy procedures. The results were tabulated in an excel spreadsheet and analyzed using Stat Cal C software and SSS (online). The mean, stature of the study population was 162.54 cm, head length 17.78 cm, and head breadth 13.75. cm r = 0.473 (head length, p <0.006) , 0.181 (head breadth, p <0.321). Regression equations: stature = 3.83 × head length + 94.43; 2.09 × head breadth + 133.69 and 3.76 × head length + 0.29 × head breadth +91.60. Head length and head breadth were correlated with stature. Regression equations can be used to estimate stature in forensic cases from head length and breadth.

S604 It Matters! Sex Differences Impact Ergonomic, Endoscopic Training for Gastroenterology Fellows

Introduction: Repetitive movements, poor posture, and insufficient education on endoscopic ergonomics can lead to endoscopic related injuries (ERI). More women are entering gastroenterology (GI), and may encounter increased ergonomic challenges due to smaller average hand size and stature. This study assesses whether sex and gender-related characteristics impact ERI, ergonomic training, and knowledge among current GI fellows. Methods: A 56-item anonymous survey was sent to general and advanced GI fellows via email between May and June 2022 to 73 academic centers across the United States. Basic demographic information was obtained including: age, sex, gender, training level, height, glove size, types of endoscopy teachers, and whether ERI was sustained. Questions related to endoscopy suite environment, ergonomic instruction, techniques, equipment availability/use and basic ergonomic knowledge were also included. Univariate and multivariate analyses were utilized in order to compare responses of male and female GI fellows. Results: The questionnaire was emailed to 667 participants; 203 surveys were initiated with response rate of 31%; 200 surveys were completed and included in analyses. Of the 200 respondents, 99 (49.5%) reported female sex at birth and 101 (50.5%) reported male sex at birth. Female fellows were noted to have average smaller hand size and stature (Figure). More female fellows reported that equipment was not ergonomically optimized for their use (47.5% vs 28.7%, p = .006) (Table). Additionally, more females reported that their female teachers had trained them with consideration of physical size (22.4% v 9%, p = .068), and voiced increased desire for access to dial extenders (55.6% vs 20.2%, p = .001). There was a higher incidence of neck and shoulder pain following endoscopy sessions among female fellows (55.6% vs 28.7%, p=.001). Despite no sex differences, overall poor ergonomic understanding was noted, with an average score of 60% on 5-point knowledge-based test. Conclusion: Sex differences exist in ergonomic and endoscopic training of current GI fellows. This study highlights the urgent need for formal ergonomic training with consideration sex of the trainee and physical stature, in order to enhance safety, comfort, efficiency, and equity in training and practice of endoscopy.Figure 1.: Physical stature of male and female gastroenterology fellows Table 1. - Comparison of ergonomic, endoscopy experience between male and female trainees Overall Females Males P-value Preference for same gender teacher 11 (5.5%) 11 (11.1%) 0 (0%) 0.001 Transient neck/shoulder pain 84 (42.0%) 55 (55.6%) 29 (28.7%) 0.001 Equipment not ergonomically optimized 76 (38.0%) 47 (47.5%) 29 (28.7%) 0.006 Glove size not available 18 (9.0%) `15 (15.2%) 3 (3.0%) 0.003 Dial extenders not available 68 (34.0%) 43 (43.4%) 25 (24.8%) 0.001 Teachers train with consideration of stature 103 (52.0%) 43 (43.9%) 60 (60.0%) 0.033 Female teachers train with consideration of stature 31 (15.7%) 22 (22.5%) 9 (9.0%) 0.068 Desire for dial extenders 75 (37.9%) 55 (55.6%) 20 (20.2%) 0.001 Desire for well-fitting aprons 78 (38.6%) 45 (45.9%) 33 (33.3%) 0.030 Desire for formal ergonomic training 194 (98.0%) 98 (99.0%) 96 (97.0%) 0.625

Capitalism and extreme poverty: A global analysis of real wages, human height, and mortality since the long 16th century

This paper assesses claims that, prior to the 19th century, around 90% of the human population lived in extreme poverty (defined as the inability to access essential goods), and that global human welfare only began to improve with the rise of capitalism. These claims rely on national accounts and PPP exchange rates that do not adequately capture changes in people’s access to essential goods. We assess this narrative against extant data on three empirical indicators of human welfare: real wages (with respect to a subsistence basket), human height, and mortality. We ask whether these indicators improved or deteriorated with the rise of capitalism in five world regions - Europe, Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and China – using the chronology put forward by world-systems theorists. The evidence we review here points to three conclusions. (1) It is unlikely that 90% of the human population lived in extreme poverty prior to the 19th century. Historically, unskilled urban labourers in all regions tended to have wages high enough to support a family of four above the poverty line by working 250 days or 12 months a year, except during periods of severe social dislocation, such as famines, wars, and institutionalized dispossession – particularly under colonialism. (2) The rise of capitalism caused a dramatic deterioration of human welfare. In all regions studied here, incorporation into the capitalist world-system was associated with a decline in wages to below subsistence, a deterioration in human stature, and an upturn in premature mortality. In parts of South Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America, key welfare metrics have still not recovered. (3) Where progress has occurred, significant improvements in human welfare began several centuries after the rise of capitalism. In the core regions of Northwest Europe, progress began in the 1880s, while in the periphery and semi-periphery it began in the mid-20th century, a period characterized by the rise of anti-colonial and socialist political movements that redistributed incomes and established public provisioning systems.

House of Trade: Mestizo Children, Merchant Networks, and Sixteenth-Century Empire Building in Early Modern Colombia

ABSTRACT Over the course of the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, dozens – if not hundreds – of mestizo, or mixed-race, children and adolescents journeyed to and from the Iberian Peninsula from Spain’s American territories. A significant number of them hailed from northern South America. Born from the often-violent encounters between Indigenous and European peoples, mestizo children facilitated the forging of merchant networks both in the service of their Spanish fathers as well as other non-related, legal guardians. These children – and in particular male youths – assisted their stewards during terrestrial and transatlantic travel, and in the process, became familiar with trading practices, kinship networks that spanned vast distances, and the crucial recognition that having access to the monarch’s ear held immeasurable worth. Documents culled from Colombian and Spanish archives, and in particular travel licenses from the Casa de la Contratación in Seville, Spain, provide rich and often harrowing accounts of the multidirectional movements of mestizo children. Pressed into a peripatetic life at the behest of Spanish fathers and the pulse of the Carrera de Indias fleet system, I contend that mestizo children, while perhaps small in physical and legal stature, were crucial, human components in the building of empire.

Spatial attentional biases toward height-related words in young males with physical stature dissatisfaction.

By recording event-related potentials (ERPs) during a dot-probe task, the present study examined the neural dynamics of attentional bias toward height-related words among height dissatisfied males. Sixty male participants screened by Negative Physical Self Scale-Stature Concerns subscale (NPS-S) were assigned into a high height dissatisfaction (HHD) group and a low height dissatisfaction (LHD) group. The results showed that tall-related versus neutral words elicited larger N2pc for both HHD and LHD groups, whereas short-related versus neutral words elicited larger N2pc only for the HHD group. Additionally, an evident Pd was elicited by tall-related words for the HHD group, but not for the LHD group. Taken together, these findings revealed attentional biases toward height-related information for HHD individuals on a neural level. Specifically, HHD individuals showed an enhanced spatial attention oriented toward both tall-related and short-related words, and then, the allocated attention to the tall-related words was terminated by an active suppression mechanism.

Men's Physical Stature: Tackling Heightism and Challenges in Fashion Consumption.

In light of the limitations of previous research on fashion consumption by short men, the present study was undertaken to examine the relationship between male body image, height perceptions, clothing choice, garment fit, and heightism. In this study, 3D body scanning technology and in-depth interviews were employed to investigate the relational effects between men’s height, body image, and clothing consumption. In total, twelve men exhibiting a height of 5′ 8″ or less participated. The findings indicate that “heightism” is prevalent in today’s society. As well, the results reveal that overall appearance and physical stature become less important as people grow older. It is evident that short male consumers encounter challenges when they shop for fashionable and well-fitting clothing. They are underserved by the fashion industry and often impacted by judgmental biases. The study supports that garment alteration and buying clothes from the children’s section, or a bespoke tailor are not ideal solutions for short men. Furthermore, many of them just accept the fact that they are short and try to find ways to alleviate their frustration when consuming fashion.

Understanding the influence of nursing staff characteristics on the use of seclusion and restraint in the adult forensic inpatient setting: a systematic literature review

Background/Aims Seclusion and restraint use in health care is controversial. Such practices occur more frequently in forensic mental health settings than in acute mental health settings. There is growing interest in staff factors and their influence on such practices. The aim of this review was to identify and appraise studies that explore whether nursing staff characteristics, including age, gender, ethnicity and physical stature, influenced the use of these practices in forensic mental health settings. Methods Eight electronic databases were searched to identify research studies published between 2010–2020. The search yielded 1085 articles, three of which fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Results There was no significant correlation between age, gender and experience and the tendency to use seclusion and restraint. No studies examined ethnicity, physical stature, seniority or role. Conclusions The results demonstrate a paucity of research on nursing staff characteristics and their influence on seclusion and restraint in this setting. Such research may inform violence prevention strategies.

VR–MOCAP-Enabled Ergonomic Risk Assessment of Workstation Prototypes in Offsite Construction

Workers in offsite construction facilities are often exposed to repetitive motion and awkward body postures that are associated with the risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders despite the use of automated equipment on production lines. To reduce the exposure to these risks, an investigation of the physical demands that workstations impose on workers’ bodies is needed. Since traditional methods used to collect human body motions have limitations, such as workplace interruptions and biased results due to subjective observation, this paper proposes a virtual reality (VR)–motion capture (MOCAP)-based ergonomic assessment method to evaluate ergonomic risks in a laboratory setting during the design phase of workstation development. It is expected that the number of iterations of physical workstation prototypes would be reduced if ergonomic risk ratings are identified proactively in the initial phases of workstation design, which would thereby reduce the cost and time required to develop and implement an improved workstation design. The present study includes a feasibility analysis of the proposed method in which participants representative of specific percentiles of the population based on their physical stature were invited to voluntarily participate in a research experiment. The results obtained demonstrate that the proposed method can successfully simulate the elemental motions, referred to as therbligs, of reaching and positioning (Pearson’s correlation coefficient is found to equal 0.80 and 0.94, respectively), while the simulation of the assembling therblig requires further investigation. The contribution of this study is a virtual reality–motion captured-enabled ergonomic risk assessment method applied to workstation design for offsite construction production lines. In addition, the deployment of the proposed method allows a holistic ergonomic assessment that considers objective and subjective parameters.

Inequality and Life Expectancy in Africa and Asia, 1820‐2000

Previous research into the relationship between income inequality and life expectancy has almost entirely focused on developed countries. If developing countries were included, these previous studies could only study the last decades. We assess the association between income inequality and life expectancy in Africa and Asia during the period from 1820 to 2000. We use anthropometric techniques, namely employing human stature and the coefficient of variation thereof as indicators, to extend the database by approximating values for life expectancy and inequality. We observe a statistically significant, negative correlation between life expectancy and income inequality over time and across countries, even controlling for income or poverty and other factors. Potential mechanisms could be the provision of public goods such as health care, or psychosocial mechanisms that compromise health in more unequal societies.

Determination of Human Stature from Foot Dimensions in Peshawar

One of the accepted methods for identifying unknown individuals is estimating their Stature from the body components and remnants. Objective: To establish regression formulas for determining stature from foot dimensions in Peshawar. Methods: The study was carried out in Jinnah medical college Peshawar from March 2021 to August 2021 consisting of 62 males and 72 females a total number of individuals was 135, and the age range was between 17 to 55 years. Age, Stature, Foot length, and the width was measured. Results: The stature, foot width, mean age, and foot length were 30.23, 1835.248.11 mm, FL=272.553.20 mm, FW = 85.00 1.0 mm for males and for females 28.05, 1734.556.52 mm, FL = 234.67 2.08 mm, FW = 77.11 0.64 mm. Males stature (r = 0.70, p 0.01) had the highest correlation with foot length (r = 0.61, p 0.01) than females (r = 0.61, p 0.01). The female’s regression formula for stature is St =3.428 FL+1120 and Stature =3.538+1522.2 while for male it was St = Stature = 4.2129 FL +100.52 and Stature 5.2106 FW +1686.4. Conclusions: For determining stature, the foot length is more reliable. in Peshawar Pakistan.

Mapping the Mountains of Giants: Anthropometric Data from the Western Balkans Reveal a Nucleus of Extraordinary Physical Stature in Europe.

Simple SummaryThe exceptional height of people from the karst area of the Dinaric mountain range has fascinated anthropologists since the end of the 19th century. However, after World War II, little information was available and new representative data started to be collected only at the beginning of the 21st century. Our present work is the most comprehensive summary of the regional differences in body height on the territory of the former Yugoslavia and Albania, and discusses the possible causes of the extraordinary body size of the local population.The inhabitants of the Dinaric Alps (former Yugoslavia and Albania) have long been known as people of impressive body height, but after World War II, there was a critical lack of data related to this phenomenon. This anthropological synthesis includes the measurements of 47,158 individuals (24,642 males and 22,516 females) from the period 2010–2018 and describes detailed regional differences in male stature in the Western Balkans. According to these data, young men from Montenegro (182.9 cm) are currently the tallest 18-year-olds in the world, surpassing their Dutch peers (182.4 cm), and 18-year-old boys from Dalmatia are even taller (183.7 cm) at a regional level. A continuous belt of extraordinary height means (>184 cm) stretches from the Adriatic coast of Dalmatia through Herzegovina to the central part of Montenegro. This article summarizes all the key socio-economic, nutritional, and genetic data, and offers possible explanations for this anthropological phenomenon. Since the remarkable height of the Dinaric populations cannot be connected with any commonly known environmental factor, the most probable hypothesis is genetic and links these physical characteristics with the local founder effect of Y haplogroup I-M170. Furthermore, given that both the level of socio-economic development and dietary protein quality are still sub-optimal, the local upward trend in body height has the potential to continue in the future.

Evaluation of Heartbeat Signal Extraction Methods Using a 5.8 GHz Doppler Radar System in a Real Application Scenario

Doppler-based radar systems have been seen as a promising tool to assess vital signs, since they are capable to monitor the respiratory and cardiac signal remotely, by measuring the chest-wall displacement. However, due to the spectral overlap of these signals, their proper separation is a challenging task. In this paper, we demonstrate the effectiveness of using Discrete Wavelet Transform in the cardiac signal extraction, by comparing this method with other approaches widely used in literature, namely a standalone Band-Pass Filtering, the Ensembled Empirical Mode Decomposition, the Continuous Wavelet Transform and the Wavelet Packet Decomposition. The comparison metrics were defined taking into consideration the heart rate computation accuracy, and also the peak detection consistency to further evaluate the Heart Rate Variability. The efficiency of those methods is also tested considering real application scenarios, characterized by non-controlled monitoring environment conditions and the ability to equally assess the vital signs of different subjects, regardless their physical stature.

An integrative skeletal and paleogenomic analysis of stature variation suggests relatively reduced health for early European farmers

Human culture, biology, and health were shaped dramatically by the onset of agriculture ∼12,000 y B.P. This shift is hypothesized to have resulted in increased individual fitness and population growth as evidenced by archaeological and population genomic data alongside a decline in physiological health as inferred from skeletal remains. Here, we consider osteological and ancient DNA data from the same prehistoric individuals to study human stature variation as a proxy for health across a transition to agriculture. Specifically, we compared “predicted” genetic contributions to height from paleogenomic data and “achieved” adult osteological height estimated from long bone measurements for 167 individuals across Europe spanning the Upper Paleolithic to Iron Age (∼38,000 to 2,400 B.P.). We found that individuals from the Neolithic were shorter than expected (given their individual polygenic height scores) by an average of −3.82 cm relative to individuals from the Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic (P = 0.040) and −2.21 cm shorter relative to post-Neolithic individuals (P = 0.068), with osteological vs. expected stature steadily increasing across the Copper (+1.95 cm relative to the Neolithic), Bronze (+2.70 cm), and Iron (+3.27 cm) Ages. These results were attenuated when we additionally accounted for genome-wide genetic ancestry variation: for example, with Neolithic individuals −2.82 cm shorter than expected on average relative to pre-Neolithic individuals (P = 0.120). We also incorporated observations of paleopathological indicators of nonspecific stress that can persist from childhood to adulthood in skeletal remains into our model. Overall, our work highlights the potential of integrating disparate datasets to explore proxies of health in prehistory.