Chi-square Statistical Test Research Articles

Both Hamstring and Quadriceps Tendon Autografts Offer Similar Functional Outcomes After Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Patients Aged 50 Years or Older

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of hamstring tendon (HT) and quadriceps tendon (QT) autografts for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in patients older than 50 years in terms of patient-reported functional outcomes, graft failure rates, complications, return to sports activity and the preference for sports. MethodsBetween 2010 and 2022, prospectively collected data were obtained from an institutional database. Patients older than 50 years with primary arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using either HT or QT autograft and a minimum of 2 years of follow-up were included. Patients with concomitant meniscus, cartilage and MCL injury were also included. Patients undergoing a revision ACL reconstruction or undergoing a primary ACL reconstruction using a graft other than HT or QT autograft, and patients with a contralateral knee injury or ipsilateral osteoarthritis (Ahlback stage 2 or higher) were excluded. Patients were evaluated for pre-injury and 2-year follow-up Lysholm knee score, Tegner activity level, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, graft failure, quadriceps tendon rupture, and return to sport. Mann-Whitney test was used for unpaired samples, whereas the Friedman test was used for analyzing variables over time. The chi-square statistic test was used to determine differences in categorical data between groups ResultsThe number of patients in the QT and HT groups was 85 and 143 respectively. The mean age was 54.4 [50-65] and 56.4 [50-65] for the QT and HT groups respectively, 49% and 51% were males in the QT and HT groups respectively. The two groups did not differ significantly in terms of age, gender, time from injury to surgery and concomitant injuries. No significant differences were found in the pre-injury patient-reported outcome scores (PROMs) as Lysholm, Tegner activity level and VAS for pain between the two groups (p>0.05). At the 2-year follow-up, Lysholm knee score, Tegner activity level and VAS for pain improved to pre-injury level and no significant difference was noted between pre-injury and 2-year follow-up functional scores between the two groups (p>0.05).Furthermore, at the 2-year follow-up, Lysholm score, and VAS didn't show significant differences between QT and HT groups. (p=.390; p= .131). Similarly, no differences have been reported in Tegner activity level scores between HT and QT groups at 2 years of follow-up. No significant differences in terms of minimal clinically important difference (MCID) have been detected between the two groups for Lysholm and Tegner activity scores (p = 0.410 and p = 0.420 for Lysholm score and Tegner activity level score respectively).The two groups did not differ in terms of patient’s percentage of sports participation at baseline, and 2 years of follow-up (p>0.05). A significant decrease (p=0.01) in skiing/snowboarding was reported in the HT group at a 2-year follow-up compared to baseline [116 (81%) vs 98 (69%)]. No case of graft failures and quadriceps tendon rupture was reported in either of the groups. ConclusionArthroscopic ACL reconstruction by using HT or QT autograft in athletically active older than 50 years patients provide satisfactory patient-reported functional outcomes and allows recovery of the pre-injury level of activity.

Assessment of the Prevalence and Factors Contributing to Drug and Alcohol Use Among Young People in South-South, Nigeria

Background: Adolescent substance abuse is a major public health concern in Nigeria, having far-reaching effects on both individuals and society. The susceptibility of Nigerian youth to substance abuse is influenced by numerous factors including socioeconomic factors like poverty, unemployment, and limited access to education. Method: The research employed a cross-sectional descriptive design. Four hundred and fifty individuals were interviewed using interviewer-administered, structured questions through a multi-stage sampling procedure. After manual data analysis, a chi-square test statistic was employed to determine whether there was a significant relationship between the categorical variables, with a p-value of less than 0.05. Results: Out of the 450 responders, 241 (53.6%) male and 209 (46.4%) female were questioned. More than half of the respondents (54.5%) were between the ages of 19-21 years old. According to the survey, 182 people (or 40.4% of the sample) use one or more substances. The most popular ones are Alcohol, which is followed by paracetamol and cigarettes. About 93.1% and 87.3% of the respondents identified negative peer influence and lack of parental care as factors that influence drug and alcohol abuse respectively. The study also reveals a statistically significant relationship between Age, gender, and substance use. Conclusion: Adolescents actively use illegal substances, making drug misuse a pervasive social issue that disproportionately impacts young people. It also highlights how crucial peer and family pressure is to the development and maintenance of prescription medication abuse. Keywords: Adolescent, Drug misuse, Drug abuse, Alcohol

Polyparasitism with soil transmitted helminthes and Schistosoma haematobium among school-aged children in Igede land, Benue state, Nigeria

Background: Polyparasitism is widespread in rural communities of the developing world, and it is a serious problem for public health. The aim of this study is to investigate the co-infection of intestinal parasites and urinary schistosomiasis among school-aged children in two local government areas of Benue State. Methods: This study collected 452 stool and urine samples from randomly selected participants and examined them using three techniques - direct wet mount, formol ether concentration, and urine sedimentation. The researchers also utilized questionnaires to assess risk factors associated with the samples. The data was then analyzed using the Chi-square statistical test to identify any significant relationships between the various factors examined. Results: The study found that 29.0% of the 452 randomly selected participants were infected with at least one parasite. 17.3% of the infected were male, while 11.7% were female. 11.7% had multiple infections, with 13.1% in males and 10.2% in females. 15.0% were infected with single parasites, 9.1% had double infections, and 2.7% had triple infections. Schistosoma haematobium was found in 1.8% of participants, with 1.1% in males and 0.7% in females. The most common parasite was Ascaris lumbricoides (6.0%), followed by hookworm (5.8%). The hookworm-Ascaris combination was the most common double infection (4.2%). While males were generally more infected, there was no statistically significant difference between males and females. Similarly, the higher infection rate in Obi (16.2%) compared to Oju (12.8%) was not statistically significant. The 11-15 age group had the highest prevalence of multiple infections (14.2%), but this was not statistically significant across age groups. Conclusion: Aggressive health education and mass drug administration are recommended in the study area. Kewwords: Polyparasitism, Igede, Oju, Obi, Parasites, Soil Transmitted Helminthes (STH), Schistosomiasis, Nigeria

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN REWARDING AND EXECUTIVE NURSE MOTIVATION AT PINNA TAMBUN BEKASI HOSPITAL IN 2023

Nursing services provided by nurses greatly affect the quality of nursing care in order to achieve optimal health levels. A good quality of nursing care can be achieved if the nurse's work motivation is high. The existence of a reward will raise the spirit to work. So if the nurse already feels this enthusiasm from within herself, there will be motivation to increase productivity and show the best performance at work. By giving rewards with the aim of maintaining the motivation of these employees to always be in good condition, so that the quality of hospital services is increasing. The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between giving rewards and the motivation of implementing nurses at Pinna Tambun Bekasi Hospital. The method in this study used a cross sectional research design with a total sampling technique and used a questionnaire via google form to 47 respondents at Pinna Tambun Bekasi Hospital. This study uses the chi-square statistical test to determine the relationship between the two variables. This study used the chi-square statistical test to determine the relationship between the two variables. Based on the results of the chi-square test analysis with a value of p = 0.001 (p <0.050), it is stated that H0 is rejected. So that it can be interpreted that there is a relationship between knowledge about Giving Rewards and the Motivation of Implementing Nurses at Pinna Tambun Bekasi Hospital in 2023.

Faktor Ibu dalam Pemberian Makanan Pendamping ASI Secara Dini di Puskesmas Bajeng Kabupaten Gowa

Knowledge occurs after a person makes an infiltration of a particular object. The transmission of objects occurs through the human senses of sight, hearing, smell, taste and rejection by itself. Attitude is a level of affection, both positive and negative in relation to psychological objects, such as: symbols, phrases, slogans, people, institutions, ideals and ideas. The aim of this study is to find out the facts that influence mothers in the early delivery of accompanying food in Puskesmas Bajeng District of Gowa. The study was carried out in Puskesmas Bajeng District of gowa with a sample of 35 mothers. This study aims to determine the knowledge and attitudes of mothers with early breastfeeding to infants and identify the influence of these variables and with analytical descriptive research methods and crossectional approaches. There is an influence between mother's knowledge of giving early breastfeeding in Puskesmas Bajeng district of Gowa based on the statistical test Chi-Square obtained a value p=0,003 < α=0,05. The conclusion of this study is that the knowledge and attitude of the mother is related to the early delivery of accompanying food in the Puskesmas Bajeng district of Gowa.

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE RISK OF ANEMIA IN PREGNANT WOMEN AND THEIR ADHERENCE TO PRENATAL CARE VISITS

The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women is still quite high, namely (48.9%). The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between Antenatal Care visits and the risk of anemia in pregnant women in Bima Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. This research is Correlative Analytical with a cross-sectional approach. where the population is 202 pregnant women for the period January-June 2023, while the sample is 51 pregnant women in the third trimester using a total sampling technique. The dependent variable of the research is the risk of anemia in pregnant women, while the independent variable is Compliance with Antenatal Care Visits for Pregnant Women. Data was obtained by looking at the results of examinations in the KIA book for pregnant women and checking hemoglobin with digital Hb. In this study, primary data was obtained by examining the KIA books of pregnant women and checking hemoglobin. Meanwhile, secondary data consists of data on the number of pregnant women in the third trimester. Data analysis in this study consisted of univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. Bivariate analysis uses the chi-square statistical test. The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between pregnant women's compliance with antenatal care visits and the risk of anemia with a value of P = 0.000.

Perilaku Hand Hygiene dalam Pencegahan Covid-19 pada Perawat

Health workers are on the front line, especially as nurses who are always next to patients 1 x 24 hours. We must take precautions by means of hand hygiene before and after carrying out nursing care, where the COVID-19 outbreak is spreading very quickly resulting in an increase in the number of patients in the whole world. To reduce and prevent the transmission of this virus, we as nurses in providing nursing care must carry out hand hygiene and comply with WHO's 5 moments of hand hygiene, namely before touching a patient, before a clean or aseptic procedure, after exposure to or risk of body fluids. This study aims to determine the analysis of hand hygiene behavior in preventing COVID-19 among nurses at the Labuang Baji Regional General Hospital, Makassar City. The research design used is a quantitative research design with a crosssectional approach. The sample determination was carried out using a random sampling research method with a sample size of 83 respondents. The relationship test was carried out using the chi-square statistical test with a significance level (ρ) ≤ 0.05. The research results showed that the level of knowledge of nurses in the good category was 27 people (32.5%); the attitude of nurses in the positive category was 59 people (71.1%); there is no relationship between knowledge and hand hygiene behavior (p=0.786); and there is no relationship between attitude and hand hygiene behavior (p=0.372). The conclusion of this research is that there is no influence of nurses' knowledge and attitudes about hand hygiene on COVID-19 prevention measures at the Labuang Baji Regional General Hospital, Makassar City. It is recommended for future researchers to improve the implementation of hand hygiene among nurses in the motivation and work of PPI.

Pengendalian Sarang Nyamuk dan Kepadatan Jentik Aedes sp. di Kelurahan Kalumbuk Kecamatan Kuranji Kota Padang

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by the dengue virus transmitted through the bite of the Aedes sp mosquito. This disease is endemic in Padang City, where 11 sub-districts have been recorded as being infected with dengue fever, the 3 sub-districts with the highest number of dengue cases, one of which is Kuranji sub-district with the highest number of cases. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between controlling mosquito nests and the density of Aedes sp larvae. in Kalumbuk Village, Kuranji District, Padang City. This research design is analytical observation with a cross sectional approach. The research was carried out in September - December 2023. The population of this study was 460 families. Using a proportional random sampling technique using the Slovin formula, a sample of 82 families was obtained, and the data analysis used was the chi-square test statistic. The results of the research show that the implementation of controlling mosquito nests in Kalumbuk Village, Kuranji District is classified as poor (46.3%), larval density does not meet the quality standards, namely 91.5% (<95%), there is a relationship between controlling mosquito nests and Aedes larvae density. sp. with a p-value of 0.003. Conclusion: there is a significant relationship between controlling mosquito nests and the density of Aedes sp larvae. in Kalumbuk Village, Kuranji District, Padang City. It is recommended that the Community Health Center conduct outreach and activate 1 house 1 jumantik and the community can control mosquito nests with the 3M Plus program periodically once a week so that it can break the chain of transmission of dengue fever.

HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK DENGAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PIR II BAJUBANG KABUPATEN MUARO JAMBI

Community characteristics contribute greatly to waste management. The characteristics of the community in the working area of ​​the Bajubang PIR II Community Health Center are very varied. The aim of the research is to determine the relationship between community characteristics and community participation in managing household waste in the PIR II Bajubang Community Health Center Working Area, Muaro Jambi Regency. The research method used is quantitative using an observational analytical design, in accordance with the research objective which is to explain the relationship between variables. The research location is in the PIR II Bajubang Health Center Working Area, Muaro Jambi Regency. The population is 2,322 housewives with a research sample of 92 housewives The instruments used were: questionnaire and checklist. Data analysis used the statistical test used was Chi-Square with a confidence level of 95% where α = 0.05. The results of the study showed that no Chi-square statistical test results were calculated because the respondents' attitudes towards the environment were constant, namely good for all, while family members had nothing to do with community participation. Meanwhile, other individual characteristic variables were significantly related to community participation in waste management. . Conclusion: The dominant characteristics of community participation in managing household waste in the PIR II Bajubang Community Health Center Working Area, Muaro Jambi Regency. The results of multivariate analysis using logistic regression statistical tests showed that the most dominant variables were the education variable and the income variable had a p value <0.05.

FACTORS RELATED TO THE INCIDENCE OF MYOPIA IN STUDENTS AT THE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 2 IN MOJOKERTO CITY

Background: Factors related to myopia are close-range activities, such as reading, writing, using computers and gadgets. Myopia is also related to the environment, namely spending time outdoors and genetic factors. Objective: The aim of this research was to show whether there is an influence between behavioral and genetic factors on the incidence of myopia in students at SMPN 2 Mojokerto City. Method: The research method used in this research is the Cross-Sectional Study analytical method, namely research to identify through observation using a questionnaire conducted online. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. The number of samples in this study was 165 children. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square statistical test via SPSS version 24. Results: The results of the study showed that all variables, namely length of use of devices (screen time) with p-value = 0.000, genetic factors of parents with p-value = 0.000, length of outdoor activities with p-value = 0.006, and length of sleep time with p-value = 0.000, showed a significant relationship to the incidence of myopia while position using a device with p-value = 0.239 does not show a significant relationship. Conclusion: It is hoped that the results of this research can provide education to children so that myopia does not increase by regulating the duration of use of devices/laptops (screen time) in a day for close activities, increasing the time for outdoor activities and the amount of sleep a day.

Hubungan Pengetahuan Dan Motivasi Dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Pada Pasien TB Paru Di RS Malahayati Medan

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a public health problem that, in Indonesia, is even the number one killer among other infectious diseases. An obstacle in TB treatment is the lack of compliance of TB sufferers with taking anti-tuberculosis medication. The cause is the lack of motivation of sufferers. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between knowledge, motivation, and medication adherence in pulmonary TB patients at Malahayati Hospital, Medan. This research is a correlational analytical research design with a cross-sectional approach using the chi-square test. The sample in this study was 50 respondents with a purposive sampling technique. The research results showed that the majority of respondents had a good level of knowledge, namely 35 people (70%), and 30 respondents (60%) had motivation in the good category. Based on the results of the chi-square statistical test, it was found that the p-value was 0.000, so the p-value < 0.05 0.000 < 0.05, where H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted, which means there is a significant relationship between knowledge and motivation and adherence to taking medication. in pulmonary TB patients at Malahayati Hospital, Medan. It is hoped that, from this research, respondents will be able to increase their knowledge and motivation regarding pulmonary TB and always maintain control over medication adherence.

Prevalence of Cannabis Use around the World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, 2000-2024.

This study aims to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the global prevalence of cannabis use to inform drug prevention strategies, policy-making, and resource allocation. This study initially screened 177,843 studies published between January 1, 2000, and January 15, 2024, using peer-reviewed databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Ultimately, 595 studies were identified for data extraction, and 39 of these were selected as country-representative studies. Heterogeneity among the selected studies was assessed using the chi-squared test and I2 statistic, while sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the robustness of the results. The prevalence of cannabis use varied between 0.42% and 43.90% across 33 European countries, 1.40% to 38.12% across 15 North and South American countries, 0.30% to 19.10% across 16 Asian countries, and 1.30% to 48.70% across 18 Oceania and African countries. The pooled prevalence of cannabis use was 12.0% [95% confidence interval (CI): 10.0, 14.3] in countries where cannabis is legalized, compared to 5.4% (95% CI: 4.3, 6.9) in non-legalized countries. Our findings indicate that the prevalence of cannabis use has disproportionately increased in most countries with the implementation of medical or recreational cannabis legalization policies and relevant geographic proximity. Increased efforts are needed to monitor newly cannabis-legalized countries and prevent initial use.

Investigation of the Demographic Characteristics of Patients Addicted to Opioids Undergoing Drug Maintenance Treatment in Addiction Treatment Centers in Bojnurd City

Introduction: Opium addiction is one of the most significant problems in Iran. This study investigates demographic information of opium-addicted patients undergoing maintenance treatment in Bojnurd addiction treatment centers. This study aims to identify high-risk groups and those who need therapeutic and psychosocial interventions to maintain treatments. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 2016 to 2021 on 300 addicted patients referring to Bojnurd addiction treatment centers. These patients participated in the opioid maintenance treatment program for at least six months. The investigation utilized a checklist of demographic information and examined the files of addicted people undergoing maintenance treatment in eight addiction treatment centers in the city. The data were analyzed in SPSS23 software using the Chi-square statistical test. Results: The mean age (standard deviation) of the participants was 52.17±14.13 years. Besides, 76.6% of the participants were male, 70.0% resided in the city, and 73.6% were married. The majority of the participants had a primary education level and were self-employed. Opium juice was the most consumed substance, and smoking was the most common method of use. Conclusion: It appears that married and middle-aged individuals constitute the largest population undergoing maintenance treatment in Bojnurd city. The high frequency of individuals with low or no literacy in the studied population underscores the importance of education.

Effectiveness of Jena DM® Herbal Formulation as Complementary Therapy to Conventional Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Quasi-experimental Study.

There is vast preclinical evidence that indicates that extracts from several Artemisia plant species have significant antidiabetic benefits. However, clinical evidence is limited to this effect. We sought to evaluate the effectiveness ofJena DM® (anArtemisia annua-based poly-herbal formulation) on glycemic control (Hb A1C) and insulin metabolism (HOMA), when administered as a complementary therapy in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study was supported by a research grant (JRD005) from Jena Herbals (U) Ltd, which is a local herbal medicines manufacturing facility in Uganda. We conducted a 12-week quasi-experimental study, involving 118 patients under routine follow-up at a diabetes and endocrinology clinic. Random assignment to either conventional or experimental study groups was done using a random number generator (Microsoft Excel version 16.0). Participant sociodemographic and clinical data as well as whole blood samples (3-5 mL) were obtained at scheduled clinic visits. Medication adherence was assessed using the Hill-Bone Scale, and adverse drug events (ADEs) using the Naranjo causality and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of AIDS (DAIDS) scales. Group differences in glycemic control (HbA1C), fasting serum insulin (FSI) indices (% HOMA2-B, HOMA-IR), and other cardiometabolic parameters were assessed using independent samples t-test, and Pearson chi-square statistical tests were used. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Ethical approvals were obtained before the study commencement. 12-week daily complementary therapy withJena DM® showed no significant effect on Hb A1C reduction (0.1 (95% CI: -0.56, 0.80) %;p=0.798); however, we observed a significant reduction in total body weight (2.0 (95% CI: 0.73, 3.28) kg;p=0.002). The overall frequency of self-reported ADEs including dizziness was significantly higher among patients that usedJena DM® (p=0.001).Epigastric pain was the most severe ADE necessitating clinical management. There was no significant difference in the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) between study groups. In contrast to a few studies that previously showed significanthypoglycemic effects ofArtemisia-basedextracts, this study did not show a statistically significant reduction on HbA1C during a 12-week complementary use ofJena DM® in patients withT2DM. Based on the findings of this study, future research should evaluate the long-term effects ofJena DM® on body weight, overall insulin metabolism, and the subsequent effect on glycemic control in T2DM.

Exploration of the MCMC Wald test with linear regression.

Recently, Asparouhov and Muthén Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 28, 1-14, (2021a, 2021b) proposed a variant of the Wald test that uses Markov chain Monte Carlo machinery to generate a chi-square test statistic for frequentist inference. Because the test's composition does not rely on analytic expressions for sampling variation and covariation, it potentially provides a way to get honest significance tests in cases where the likelihood-based test statistic's assumptions break down (e.g., in small samples). The goal of this study is to use simulation to compare the new MCM Wald test to its maximum likelihood counterparts, with respect to both their type I error rate and power. Our simulation examined the test statistics across different levels of sample size, effect size, and degrees of freedom (test complexity). An additional goal was to assess the robustness of the MCMC Wald test with nonnormal data. The simulation results uniformly demonstrated that the MCMC Wald test was superior to the maximum likelihood test statistic, especially with small samples (e.g., sample sizes less than 150) and complex models (e.g., models with five or more predictors). This conclusion held for nonnormal data as well. Lastly, we provide a brief application to a real data example.

An Integrated Approach to the Spanish Driving Behavior Questionnaire (SDBQ) in the City of Cuenca, Ecuador

Traffic collisions are the seventh leading cause of death in Ecuador, with reckless driving being one of the main causes. Although there are statistical data on traffic crashes, there has not yet been a comprehensive investigation of the causes. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to investigate unsafe driving behavior using a modified version of the Spanish Driving Behavior Questionnaire (SDBQ) adapted for Ecuador. The 34-item SDBQ we used has four main dimensions: lapses, errors, violations, and aggressive driving. To apply the SDBQ, a stratified random probability sample of 470 drivers with valid driver’s licenses aged 18–69 was used. Of the drivers, 68.8% were male, while 33.2% were female. We used a chi-square test and descriptive statistics to analyze the data for the SDBQ application items. Finally, four generalized linear Poisson models were used. The results show that taxi drivers have the highest scores on three of the four main dimensions of the SDBQ and male drivers are more likely than female drivers to cause traffic accidents. Drivers are also more likely to cause traffic accidents if they drive more hours per day. This research is the first of its kind to analyze driver behavior-based solutions in Ecuador to reduce traffic accidents. The error factor is the most critical outcome of dangerous behavior in the city of Cuenca. The SDBQ aims to foster a culture of safety and sustainability by promoting road safety measures through legislation and traffic regulations.

Enhancing Model Fit Evaluation in SEM: Practical Tips for Optimizing Chi-Square Tests

This paper aims to advocate for a balanced approach to model fit evaluation in structural equation modeling (SEM). The ongoing debate surrounding chi-square test statistics and fit indices has been characterized by ambiguity and controversy. Despite the acknowledged limitations of relying solely on the chi-square test, its careful application can enhance its effectiveness in evaluating model fit and specification. To illustrate this point, we present three common scenarios relevant to social and behavioral science research using Monte Carlo simulations, where fit indices may inadequately address concerns regarding goodness-of-fit, while the chi-square statistic can offer valuable insights. Our recommendation is to report both the chi-square test and fit indices, prioritizing precise model specification to ensure the reliability of model fit indicators.

Factor Associated with Incidence of Preeclampsia at Mentawai Islands Regional General Hospital

The World Health Organization states that the highest complications in pregnancy and childbirth are bleeding with a case number of 32.1%, followed by preeclampsia 26.7% and premature rupture of membranes with an incidence rate of 24.98. The study aimed to determine the factors associated with the incidence of preeclampsia at the Mentawai Islands District General Hospital.This type of research is analytic with a case-control design with a retrospective approach. The population is all mothers giving birth at the Mentawai Islands Hospital in 2022, totaling 279 people. Samples were taken by matching and systematic random sampling of 30 respondents, the data used were secondary data taken from medical records using a checklist. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariate with the chi-square statistical test. The results showed that 15 people had preeclampsia, 8 respondents (53.3%) had a history of hypertension, 5 respondents (33.3%) suffered from obesity, and 4 respondents (26.7%) had diabetes mellitus.the Mentawai Islands District General Hospital, a p-value of 0.020 was obtained, for the relationship between obesity and the incidence of preeclampsia at the Mentawai Islands District General Hospital, a p-value was obtained of 0.014, The Mentawai Islands District General Hospital obtained a p-value of 0.032. In conclusion, there is a relationship between a history of hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and the incidence of preeclampsia at the Mentawai Islands District General Hospital. Suggestions, it is hoped that health workers can detect preeclampsia early in pregnant women to reduce the incidence of preeclampsia in Indonesia, especially in the Mentawai Islands.

Dukungan Suami dan Ibu Hamil KEK dengan Kejadian BBLR Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Telaga Biru

Husband support has a huge influence on wives when choosing the best course of action from pregnancy, childbirth to the post-pregnancy period so that it affects the occurrence of low birthweight. In addition, SEZ in pregnant women can cause problems not only in the mother, but also in the fetus including babies born with low birth weight. The purpose of this study was to analyze the support of husbands and SEZs in pregnant women with BBLR incidence in the working area of Telaga Biru Health Center. Quantitative research design with cross sectional approach, the population of all infants aged 0-24 months as many as 57 babies, the number of samples 57 infants using purposive sampling techniques in this study and the data were analyzed with chi-square statistical tests. The results of the study obtained that the majority of husband support was categorized as good as 46 respondents (80.7%), SEZs in pregnant women were mostly categorized as non-SEZ pregnant women as many as 44 respondents (77.2%) and the majority of BBLR events were not BBLR as many as 42 respondents (73.7%), and husband support was obtained with the incidence of BBLR p = 0.000 &lt;α 0.05) and SEZ in pregnant women with the incidence of BBLR p = 0.000 &lt;α 0,05. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between the support of husbands and pregnant women in SEZs with the occurrence of BBLR in the working area of the Telaga Biru Health Center.

Factors Associated with HPV Genital Warts: A Self-Reported Cross-Sectional Study among Students and Staff of a Northern University in Nigeria.

The menace of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections among low- and middle-income countries with no access to a free HPV vaccine is a public health concern. HPV is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Nigeria, while the most known types of HPV genotypes being transmitted are the high-risk HPV-16 and 18 genotypes. In this study, we explored the predictors of self-reported HPV infections and HPV genital warts infection among a population of students, non-academic staff, and academic staff of Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida (IBB) University located in Lapai, Nigeria. We also assessed their knowledge about HPV infections and genotypes, and sexual behaviors. An online cross-sectional study was conducted by setting up a structured questionnaire on Google Forms and it was distributed to the university community via Facebook and other social media platforms of the university. The form captured questions on HPV infection, and knowledge about HPV infection and genotypes, as well as the sexual health of the participants. All variables were described using frequencies and percentage distribution; chi-squared test statistics were used to explore the association between HPV infection (medical records of HPV infection) and the participants' profile, and a logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors associated with HPV genital warts infection among the population. This study reveals those participants between the ages of 26-40 years (81.3%) and those currently not in a sexually active relationship-single/divorced (26.4%)-who have self-reported having the HPV-16 and -18 genotypes. Moreover, participants between 26-40 years of age (OR: 0.45, 95%CI: 0.22-0.89) reported themselves to be carriers of HPV genital warts. Therefore, this study reveals the factors associated with HPV infection and genital warts peculiar to IBB university students and staff. Hence, we suggest the need for HPV awareness programs and free HPV vaccine availability at IBB university.