Statistical Testing Techniques Research Articles

Analysis of The Influence of Visible Safety Leadership and Job Satisfaction on Safety Work Performance at PT. Solusi Bangun Indonesia Tbk Pabrik Cilacap

This research aims to analyze the influence of visible safety leadership and job satisfaction on safety work performance at PT. Solusi Bangun Indonesia Tbk Cilacap Factory. This research uses quantitative research methods with descriptive and analytical approaches. The research subjects were employees and contractors of PT. Solusi Bangun Indonesia Tbk Cilacap Factory involved in overhaul activities. Data collection was carried out randomly through questionnaires, interviews and observations. Research data was analyzed using quantitative statistical test techniques and then described in detail based on the results of each test. The research results show that work accidents at PT. Solusi Bangun Indonesia decreased during the 2023 overhaul activities due to its leadership role in ensuring workplace safety during these activities. This research highlights how visible leadership behavior in the field, or visible safety leadership and job satisfaction, contributes to increasing safety work performance. The Regression and Correlation Test Method used to analyze the data shows that 76.4% of safety work performance is influenced by visible safety leadership and job satisfaction, while the rest is influenced 23,6 % by other factors. These results confirm that leadership behavior that is proactively involved and visible in the field and high job satisfaction in implementing safety has a significant impact on safety performance, which ultimately contributes to a safer work environment for all workers.

Recent Advancements in Anomaly Detection for Manufacturing Systems

Recent advancements in anomaly detection and root cause analysis have revolutionized manufacturing processes, enabling improved efficiency, quality control, and cost reduction. This review explores the latest developments in these fields, focusing on supervised and unsupervised anomaly detection methods, statistical techniques for root cause analysis, and predictive modeling approaches. Supervised anomaly detection methods, such as classification-based approaches, support vector machines, and decision trees, leverage labeled data to identify anomalies. Unsupervised techniques, including clustering-based methods (e.g., k-means and DBSCAN), density-based approaches (e.g., local outlier factor), and dimensionality reduction (e.g., PCA and autoencoders), detect anomalies without prior knowledge of anomalous instances. Statistical methods for root cause analysis, such as statistical process control, hypothesis testing, correlation analysis, and multivariate techniques (e.g., factor analysis), enable the identification of the underlying causes of manufacturing issues. Predictive modeling techniques, including time-series forecasting, machine learning for predictive maintenance, and optimization methods for process improvement, further enhance manufacturing efficiency. The integration of these techniques has led to significant improvements in quality control, equipment failure prediction, and supply chain optimization. However, challenges remain in handling complex, high-dimensional data and integrating domain knowledge with data-driven approaches. Future research directions include the development of explainable AI, edge computing, and federated learning for anomaly detection in manufacturing. This analysis offers a thorough examination of cutting-edge techniques for detecting anomalies and analyzing root causes, emphasizing their capacity to transform manufacturing operations and stimulate future advancements in these research areas. Keywords—anomaly detection, manufacturing, supervised and unsupervised anomaly detection

Sustainable leadership among financial managers in Spain: A gender issue

Finance plays a key role in supporting sustainable companies, thereby contributing, and supporting the transition towards a low carbon and circular economy. At the strategic level, finance can aid companies make decisions regarding the trade-offs between their sustainable goals. Therefore, key players in this respect are finance managers who need to take decisions regarding the latter. This study analyzed the level of sustainable leadership among financial managers in Spain. A total of 131 senior financial managers (106 men and 25 women), from various sectors in Spanish companies (a multi-sector study), responded to two scales: the Honeybee Sustainable Leadership Scale (focusing on stakeholder orientation and a vision of social and shared leadership) and the Locust Leadership Scale (primarily centered on achieving short-term profits at any cost). A descriptive analysis of the sample was conducted. The t-test was applied for comparing means and the Mann-Whitney U test statistical technique was used under conditions where the assumptions of normality and homogeneity of variance were violated. In the hypothesis testing, a significance level of p<0.05 was employed. The main finding was that female financial managers scored significantly higher on the Honeybee Leadership Scale compared to their male counterparts, signifying that female presence is key to sustainable leadership. Therefore, including women in higher corporate-level positions would contribute to a more sustainable approach in management. Furthermore, it was also found that the organizations in which the financial managers worked tended to undertake a hybrid approach to sustainable leadership. Most companies undertook a hybrid perspective incorporating elements of both diametrically opposed bee and locust leadership philosophies.

Pengaruh Current Ratio, Return on Equity dan Debt to Equity Ratio Terhadap Harga Saham pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sub Sektor Property dan Real Estate yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada Tahun 2014-2023

With a focus on manufacturing companies in the property and real estate subsector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, the purpose of this study is to ascertain the impact of current ratio, return on equity, and debt to equity ratio on stock prices for the years 2014–2023. This study employs a quantitative methodology that combines a verification and descriptive strategy. The traditional assumption test, multiple linear regression, Pearson correlation coefficient, determination coefficient, and hypothesis testing with partial (t-test) and simultaneous (f-test) tests are among the statistical testing techniques used. Sixty financial reports from businesses in the Manufacturing Companies in the Property and Rail Estate Sub-Sector provided the sample data. Purposive sampling combined with nonprobability sampling is being used. IBM SPSS version 26.0 was the analysis tool used in this investigation. According to the study's findings, stock prices are somewhat influenced by the current ratio, return on equity, and debt to equity ratio. Stock prices are significantly impacted by the study's concurrently obtained current ratio, return on equity, and debt to equity ratio.

91. An evaluation of the beneficial impact of Riluzole for patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy undergoing surgery: a reanalysis of the CSM-PROTECT trial using a global statistical testing technique

91. An evaluation of the beneficial impact of Riluzole for patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy undergoing surgery: a reanalysis of the CSM-PROTECT trial using a global statistical testing technique

Analysis of the Influence of Mobile Banking on the Profitability Level of Sharia Banks in Indonesia in 2019-2023

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of mobile banking on the level of Return On Assets (ROA) of Islamic banks in Indonesia in 2019-2023. The rise and fall of ROA is caused by unstable profits and total assets. This research uses quantitative research, and the data source uses secondary data in the form of a time series of 20 samples. Data analysis techniques use descriptive statistical test techniques, normality test, hypothesis test (t test), coefficient of determination test (R Square), and simple linear regression analysis. Data processing uses the SPSS Version 23 program. The research results show that the mobile banking variable has a partial effect on the profitability of Islamic banks in Indonesia in 2019-2023. This can be proven by the results of the t test analysis showing that the e-banking variable has t count gt; t table, thus e-banking has an effect on the profitability of Islamic banks in Indonesia in 2019-2023.Keywords: Mobile Banking, Profitability

Structured multifractal scaling of the principal cryptocurrencies: Examination using a self‐explainable machine learning

AbstractThis paper introduces a novel statistical testing technique known as segmented detrended multifractal fluctuation analysis (SMF‐DFA) to analyze the structured scaling properties of financial returns and predict the long‐term memory of financial markets. The proposed methodology is applied to assess the efficiency of major cryptocurrencies, expanding upon conventional approaches by incorporating different fluctuation regimes identified through a change‐point detection test. A single‐factor model is employed to characterize the endogenous factors influencing scaling behavior, leading to the development of a self‐explanatory machine learning approach for price forecasting. The proposed method is evaluated using daily data from three major cryptocurrencies spanning from April 2017 to December 2022. The analysis aims to determine whether the digital market has experienced significant changes in recent years and assess whether this has resulted in structured multifractal behavior. The study identifies common periods of local scaling among the three prices, with a noticeable decrease in multifractality observed after 2018. Furthermore, complementary tests on shuffled and surrogate data are conducted to explore the distribution, linear correlation, and nonlinear structure, shedding light on the explanation of structured multifractality to some extent. Additionally, prediction experiments based on neural networks fed with multi‐fractionally differentiated data demonstrate the utility of this new self‐explanatory algorithm for decision‐makers and investors seeking more accurate and interpretable forecasts.

Parent-school collaboration based on the frequency of visits to their child's school

This study examines parent-school collaboration in primary schools. School administrators, teachers, and parents are the stakeholders of the school, together with the students. Coordinated and harmonious work by all stakeholders increases the success of the school. The family plays an important role in raising a child, and the importance of collaboration between school and family is increasing day by day. Therefore, we expect parents to collaborate with teachers and school administrators in this process. The sample consists of 336 primary school parents randomly selected from 4 schools in Edirne, Turkey. We used the "parent-school collaboration scale" to collect research data. The scale contains 30 items and 5 subscales. ANOVA (Analysis of variance) was used in the analysis of the data, and in cases where the difference between population means was significant, LSD (the least significant difference) test statistical techniques were used to determine the source of the difference. Interdimensional relationships were determined by the Pearson correlation coefficient technique. There is a recursive relationship between the parents' collaborative attitude and their communication with the school. If the level of communication between parents and other stakeholders in the school increases, the attitude towards collaboration with the school will also be more positive. According to the research findings, the importance of parents sharing information about their children is emerging.

IMPLEMENTATION OF BALANCED SCORECARD AT PT. MB

This study aims to determine the performance of PT. MB uses a balanced scorecard approach. Primary data were obtained from questionnaires using the nonprobability sampling purposive sampling method. Data obtained from customers and employees of PT. MB. Secondary data obtained from the financial statements of PT. MB period 2020 to 2022. The population is all customers and employees of PT. MB. The samples used were 94 samples for customers and 72 samples for employees. The data analysis method uses descriptive statistical test techniques. To determine the level of customer and employee satisfaction scores using factor analysis. The results of the balanced scorecard study on a financial perspective have an average performance from 2020 to 2022 for ROA has an average of 3.18%, ROE 3%, and NPM 2.30%. From a customer perspective, it is measured through a questionnaire with an average customer satisfaction level of 3,559. Customer acquisition costs have averaged $3.35. Consumer profitability has an average value of 3.10%. In the internal business process preceptive, the AETR ratio has an average of 11.55%. The time cycle of availability of goods has an actual time of 8.09. Sales order cancellation 0.8%. From a growth and learning perspective, the average employee productivity rate is 0.39%. Employee training has an average of 66.67%. And the level of employee satisfaction showed an average of 3,108.

Faktor Determinan Kualitas Laba dengan Profitabilitas sebagai Variabel Moderasi

This study aims to measure the effect of liquidity, company size and accounting conservatism on earnings quality with profitability as a moderating variable. This research data was collected through secondary data sources obtained through the website www.idx.co.id or the official website. The population taken was 77 companies operating in the food and beverage sector. During the 4 year observation period, namely 2018 to 2021, the total sample used was 120 companies in this sector. In analyzing the data, this research used descriptive statistical test techniques, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression (MRA), and hypothesis testing using the SPSS application. The results of hypothesis testing prove that liquidity has a significant positive effect on earnings quality, while company size, accounting conservatism, and profitability do not have a significant effect on earnings quality. In the moderation test, profitability cannot moderate the effect of liquidity, company size and accounting conservatism on earnings quality.

Perceptions of vulnerable roadway users on autonomous vehicle regulations

Introduction: Development and implementation of autonomous vehicle (AV) related regulations are necessary to ensure safe AV deployment and wide acceptance among all roadway users. Assessment of vulnerable roadway users’ perceptions on AV regulations could inform policymakers the development of appropriate AV regulations that facilitate the safety of diverse users in a multimodal transportation system. Method: This research evaluated pedestrians’ and bicyclists’ perceptions on six AV regulations (i.e., capping AV speed limit, operating AV in manual mode in the sensitive areas, having both pilot and co-pilot while operating AVs, and three data-sharing regulations). In addition, pedestrians’ and bicyclists’ perceptions of testing AVs in public streets were evaluated. Statistical testing and modeling techniques were applied to accomplish the research objectives. Results: Compared to the other AV regulations assessed in this research, strong support for AV-related data sharing regulations was identified. Older respondents showed higher approval of AV testing on public roadways and less support for regulating AVs. AV technology familiarity and safe road sharing perceptions with AVs resulted in lower support for AV regulations. Conclusions: Policymakers and AV technology developers could develop effective educational tools/resources to inform pedestrians and bicyclists about AV technology reliability and soften their stance, especially on AV regulations, which could delay technology development. Practical Applications: The findings of this research could be used to develop informed AV regulations and develop policies that could improve pedestrians’ and bicyclists’ attitudes/perceptions on regulating AVs and promoting AV technology deployments.

Analysis of the Effect of Talent Management on Employees' Intent to Leave, As Carried out in the Southeast Anatolia Region

With the increasing importance of intellectual capital, the effective and efficient utilization of human potential within an organization has become a crucial competitive factor. Talent management, an advanced human resources practice that has gained significance in recent years in business organizations, focuses on the skills of employees. In this study, talent management practices aimed at selecting, employing, training, developing, and retaining talented candidates based on their skills in appropriate positions within the organization were examined, specifically in the banking sector. Hypotheses were formulated to investigate the impact of talent management practices in banks on employees' intention to leave. Data necessary for testing the hypotheses were obtained through a survey administered to 421 bank employees in the cities of Gaziantep, Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır, Mardin, and Batman. The survey results were analyzed using various statistical methods and testing techniques (frequency distribution, mean, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and regression) with the SPSS 18.0 analysis program. A statistical significance level of p

Exploring the user-generated content data to improve quality management

PurposeThe focus of this research is to investigate if user-generated content (UGC) generated in the Booking platform can support quality management improvement within the hospitality industry by increasing customer satisfaction and eliminating defects more efficiently. Hence, it contributes to understanding how data-driven companies can rely on customer data to focus on innovation and performance improvement to meet customer requirements, eliminate defects and increase customer satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachFollowing the literature review, information was collected from the digital platform Booking, encompassing 15 hotel industry companies in Portugal Porto and Braga regions, selected due to their high number of customer reviews. This data was organized and categorized, eliminating all unnecessary information for the research and building an Excel database. The database was subsequently analysed with SPSS and Voyant software, performing statistical analysis, hypothesis testing and text-mining techniques to analyse the comments. After these analyses, applying quality tools allowed for more in-depth conclusions.FindingsThe research results highlight that customers' most relevant requirements in the Portuguese hospitality industry are breakfast, parking and a swimming pool. It was also possible to realize that the location is an attractive requirement, the bathroom is a must-be requirement and breakfast is a performance requirement. The results also allowed us to answer the most critical research question: “Is user-generated content a valuable aid to quality?” the answer is yes since it was possible to use the data to find improvements and faults/failures in the services.Originality/valueThe results of this study represent an essential step towards a complete understanding of how to take advantage of UGC within the hospitality industry by establishing a solid base of techniques, methods and quality tools for UGC analysis that can be applied in future research on different industry sectors.

Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Dan Solvabilitas Terhadap Harga Saham Perusahaan Subsektor Telekomunikasi Yang Terdaftar Di BEI

The company's financial performance can describe the high and low share prices. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of profitability, liquidity and solvency on share prices in telecommunications subsector companies listed on the IDX in 2018-2021. The population used is telecommunications subsector companies registered on the IDX that meet the required criteria. The data source uses secondary data in the form of financial reports obtained from the official BEI website. This research uses descriptive statistical analysis test techniques, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, t test, and f test which can prove the hypothesis assisted by SPSS 26 software. The results of this research show simultaneously (F Test) the three independent variables, namely profitability which is measured using Return On Assets and Return On Equity, liquidity which is measured using the CR and QR, and solvency which is measured using the Debt to Assets Ratio and Debt to Equity Ratio have an influence on stock prices. Partially (T Test) shows that the CR and QR have an effect on stock prices, while the other variables, namely Return On Assets, Return On Equity, Debt to Assets Ratio, and Debt to Equity Ratio have no effect on stock prices.

Linking supply chain management practices with supply chain performance and food and beverage: Evidence from SMEs' competitive advantage

The development of technology and science in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era requires companies to increase effectiveness and efficiency to maintain a competitive advantage. Supply chain management is the integration of business processes involving end customers and key suppliers whose function is to provide value to customers and stakeholders by providing products, services, and information. Implementation of supply chain management is considered an operational function or company activity that greatly determines the effectiveness and efficiency of the supply chain. This research aims to analyze the relationship between the implementation of supply chain management and the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), the relationship between supply chain management, and the relationship between competitive advantage and the performance of SMEs. The research uses a quantitative descriptive approach. The quantitative approach is data in the form of numbers which are generally arranged through structured questions. The questionnaire contains statement items designed using a Likert scale from 1 to 7. The data in this study uses cross-sectional data because the data collection was carried out in a certain period. The data was obtained from distribution of online questionnaires via social media. The unit of analysis used in this research is the owners/managers of SMEs in Indonesia. The sampling technique used in this research is a non-probability sampling technique, namely purposive sampling. The total sample for this research was 432 respondents. The data management used in this research is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) method, which is a collection of statistical testing techniques on a series of relatively complex relationships, simultaneously. The data processing tool is SmartPLS 3.0. The SEM technique is used to examine and justify different hypotheses of the survey. Hypothesis testing is carried out by comparing the p-value with a confidence level (alpha) of 5% (𝛼 = 0.05). The results of this research show that the implementation of supply chain management has a positive effect on the performance of SMEs. In addition, supply chain management has a significant effect on competitive advantage while competitive advantage has a significant effect on SME performance. This research shows that supply chain management has a positive influence on competitiveness both with performance and competitiveness. Descriptive analysis found that supply chain management indicators have sufficient value and have a big impact on performance and competitiveness.

Module Discovery Learning Biodiversity Material Based on Gunungkidul Beach to Increasing Interest and Independence in Learning of High School Students

The research carried out aims to determine the feasibility, practicality and effectiveness of the Gunung Kidul beach-based Discovery Learning module, on biodiversity material in increasing high school students' interest and independence in learning. The research carried out is a type of development research using the ADDIE model which consists of several stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The product produced in this research is a biology learning module on biodiversity material which is integrated with the Gunung Kidul beach-based Discovery Learning learning model. The learning module developed was validated by expert validators and practitioners, then tested for effectiveness on class X students of SMA N 1 Depok Sleman using the non-equivalent pre-test, post-test control group design technique. Data collection was carried out using direct interview techniques with biology teachers and distribution of student needs analysis questionnaires, assessment of material experts, media experts, learning experts, teacher and student practicality, student learning interest questionnaires, and student learning independence questionnaires. Data analysis uses non-parametric statistical test techniques with the Mann-Withney model, parametric statistical tests with the independent sample t test model and N-gain score. Gunung Kidul beach-based discovery learning learning modules on biodiversity material are feasible, and can be practically used in learning activities and are effectively used in increasing high school students' interest and independence in learning

Effectiveness of E-MCH Information Media on Increasing Knowledge of Pregnant Women

Introduction: Information media is an intermediary in the delivery of information or a tool to support the communication process. The E MCH book is used as a record book for the development of maternal health starting from pregnancy, postpartum and breastfeeding, and infants to toddlers. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of E MCHinformation media in improving the knowledge of pregnant women. Method: The type of research used is quasi experimental research with a one group pre test-post test design. The population in this study were 40 pregnant women in the Sumberjaya Cihaurbeuti Poskesdes Working Area obtained from the total sample technique. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test statistical technique with a questionnaire research instrument. The results of the study are presented in tabular form. Result: There was an increase in the knowledge of pregnant women about maternal and child health in the good category by 2.5% during the pre-test and by 42.5% during the post-test after the intervention using E MCHinformation media. The results of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test test obtained a p-value of 0,000 (p < 0,05). Conclusion: E MCHinformation media is effective in increasing the knowledge of pregnant women in the working area of Poskesdes Sumberjaya Cihaurbeuti.

PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN Two Stay Two Stray TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PKn DI KELAS V SD NEGERI 094155 RAMBUNG MERAH

This research aims to determine how big the influence of the Two Stay Two Stray Learning Model is on the Learning Outcomes of Class V Students Theme 2 Sub-theme 1 Clean Air for Health on Civics learning at SDN 0941155 Rambulng Melrah. There are 2 hypotheses in this research, namely: (Ha) There is an influence of the Two Stay Two Stray model on student learning outcomes in Civics subjects in class V of SD Negeri 094155 Rambung Merah FY 2023/2024. (Ho) There is no influence of the Two Stay Two Stray model on student learning outcomes in Civics subjects in class V of SD Negeri 094155 Rambung Merah T.A 2023/2024. This research was carried out in the 2023/2024 academic year in October. This research method is an experiment with a pre-experimental design research type with a One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design research design. The sample for this research was 30 students consisting of 11 male students and 19 female students. The data collection techniques used are tests and documentation. The data was processed using the N-Gain test statistical analysis technique. Based on the normality test results obtained, the learning outcomes of class V students were normally distributed with the final value of the N-Gain test having a significance of 0.57 > 0.05. From these results, it can be seen that Ha was accepted, which means that there is an influence of using the Two Stay Two Stray learning model on student learning outcomes in Civics subjects in Class V of SD Negeri 094155 Rambung Merah FY 2023/2024..

Investigation of trends in basin-scale temperature variables

This research paper presents an analysis of temperature variables over the West Banas basin in order to detect the presence of underlying trends employing historical temperature data for three points viz., Abu Road, Mount Abu and Pindwara obtained for a period of 40 years (1981 – 2020) from MERRA-2 database. The study aims to investigate the long-term changes in temperature trends and identify any significant patterns or anomalies in mean, maximum and minimum temperatures at monthly, seasonal and annual timescales at the three locations amounting to a total of 162 series. The trends were evaluated using the Mann-Kendall test, a popular and powerful statistical technique formulated for analysing abnormal distributions. Prior to the application of the trend test, autocorrelated time series were identified and the trend test was modified using a variance correction approach to incorporate the influence of autocorrelations upon the resultant trends. The findings of autocorrelation analysis revealed that 11 of the 162 series were autocorrelated, a majority of which were associated with the temperature series at Abu Road. The results of the trend test showed that 27 out of the 162 series possessed significant trends with the mean and maximum monsoon temperatures in most of the series exhibiting a reducing trend while the minimum temperature appeared to be rising. Overall, the research highlights the importance of monitoring temperature trends, particularly in regions that may be more vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. The findings of this study can inform future climate adaptation strategies and support decision-making processes aimed at mitigating the effects of global warming on the natural and built environment.

Empowering workers’ involvement: Unveiling the dynamics of communication, recognition, productivity, and decision-making in the RMG sector

Purpose: This study investigates the relationship between workers' perspectives on communication, recognition, productivity, and their involvement in the Readymade Garment (RMG) sector policymaking. Research Methodology: A sample of 226 individuals from the RMG sector in Bangladesh was surveyed using a well-designed questionnaire. The data were examined, and the study's hypotheses were tested, using the statistical program SPSS V.25. In IBM SPSS, the chi-square test and other statistical techniques were used to examine the data. The study investigates the relationship between the independent variables, including communication, employee recognition, and productivity, and the dependent variable, worker perception, using a conceptual framework. Results: There is a positive and significant relationship between employees' perceptions of communication and their involvement in the decision-making process. The study also shows that there is a positive and significant association between workers' perceptions of employee recognition, productivity, and involvement in decision-making in Bangladesh's RMG industry. Additionally, the organization's decision-making process is significantly impacted by employee participation. Limitations: While many studies examined the workers’ participation in decision-making in the various sectors, only a few studies have focused on the RMG sectors to explore the effects of communication, employee recognition, and productivity on the workers’ participation in decision-making. Contributions: The study reveals that the organization’s total effectiveness is reflected in how deeply workers are involved in decision-making. The degree of involvement is a key determining element since encouraging people to engage instead of just dragging them along is essential for enhancing performance and ensuring commitment.