Methods Of Mathematical Statistics Research Articles

The Integral Assessment of Playing Tactics in National Football Teams

Objectives. The objective of the study was to determine the features of competitive activities among national football teams based on the integral assessment of playing tactics. Materials and methods. The study was conducted during the 2024 European Football Championship. The competitive activities of national football teams from European countries (Germany, Spain, England, Switzerland, France, Portugal, Netherlands, Turkey) were analyzed, focusing on the playing tactics in 50 halves. In order to carry out the study, the following methods were used: theoretical analysis of literature sources; pedagogical observation of competitive activities; analysis of video materials of competitive activities; methods of mathematical statistics. The statistical analysis of the research results was conducted using descriptive mathematical statistics. The sample was characterized by determining the arithmetic mean, standard deviation (S), and coefficient of variation (V). The significance of observed differences in the indicators was assessed using the parametric Student’s t-test for independent samples. Prior to this, the data’s conformity to a normal distribution was verified using the Shapiro-Wilk W-test. Results. A methodology for the integral assessment of the tactics undertaken by national football teams was developed. The integral assessment of team tactics consisted of 10 specific coefficients that reflect the main components of football players’ competitive activities in the phases of ball possession and recovery. The competitive activities in 50 halves of the 2024 European Football Championship were analyzed. The average value of the integral assessment of the tactics in national football teams was determined to be 5.62 ± 0.43 points. The findings revealed significant tactical variations between the teams, with Spain’s use of high pressing and creative play contributing to their championship victory. A ten-point scale for evaluating the tactics of national football teams was developed, on the basis of which the level of competitive activities is interpreted. Conclusions. The developed methodology for monitoring and analyzing the tactics of football teams allows for targeted management influences on the competitive activities of football players at the operational, current, and stage levels.

Numerical method for forming an alternative opinion in coalitions of highly qualified specialists using relative usefulness indicator

Subject of research: the formation of an alternative opinion in coalitions of highly qualified specialists. Purpose of research: development of a numerical method for the formation of an alternative opinion in coalitions of highly qualified specialists using a relative utility indicator and its subsequent implementation in the form of a computer program. Methods of research: survey, formalization, system analysis, correlation analysis, Hamming criterion, natural experiment, object-oriented programming. Main results of research: 1. The approach proposed by the author, based on combining methods of mathematical statistics and taking into account the individual competencies of experts, provides new opportunities for the formation of an alternative opinion in coalitions of experts and allows for increased efficiency in decision-making. 2. Verification of the developed numerical method was carried out using the example of a survey of police officers regarding violators of security systems in the field of critical information infrastructure. 3. A computer program has been developed that implements the created method. 4. The study revealed that the relative usefulness indicator of the j-th expert provides an opportunity to form alternative expert positions that have a reliable generalized opinion. 5. The practical significance of the work lies in the development of a computer program that can be used to conduct expert surveys and obtain reliable expert assessments based on them.

Capacity analysis of short-distance continuous diversion areas on mountainous urban expressways.

The short-distance continuous diversion area plays a crucial role within mountainous urban expressway systems, significantly enhancing the efficiency of specialized road sections through capacity analysis. This study develops a capacity calculation model tailored to the diversion area's unique characteristics and principal capacity-influencing factors. Initially, the research focuses on a specific short-distance continuous diversion area of a mountainous urban expressway, employing video trajectory tracking technology to gather trajectory data. This data serves as the basis for analyzing road and traffic characteristics. Subsequently, the model computes the capacity influenced by eight variables, including diversion point spacing and deceleration lane length, using VISSIM simulation experiments. A gray correlation analysis identifies key factors, which guide the establishment of the model's fundamental structure through two-factor surface fitting results. Mathematical statistical methods are then applied to resolve the model's parameters, culminating in a robust capacity calculation model. The findings reveal that diversion point spacing, along with primary and secondary diversion ratios, significantly influence capacity. Notably, the capacity exhibits a marked quadratic polynomial relationship with the primary diversion ratio and diversion point spacing, and a linear relationship with the secondary diversion ratio. The model's validity is confirmed through a case study at the diversion area north of Huacun Interchange in Chongqing Municipality, where the discrepancy between calculated and actual capacities is under 5%, underscoring the model's high accuracy. These results offer valuable theoretical and methodological support for the planning, design, and traffic management of diversion areas.

A dimensional design of tractor seat based on Iranian anthropometric characteristics.

The dimensional seat design process should consider both the users' tasks and their physical characteristics. To use an approach for the design and evaluation of seat dimensions based on the anthropometric characteristics of the Iranian population and the requirements of tractor operators. Some existing equations relating the seat dimensions to anthropometric characteristics were modified according to logical justifications and international standards. A new mathematical-statistical method was used to extract the equations estimating the constant seat dimensions based on the theoretical maximizing of the accommodation level. In addition, an Overall Seat Accommodation Score (OSAS) was developed to represent the mean of seat dimensions accommodation level and dimensional accommodation equality, simultaneously. The dimensional seat design can be affected under different conditions of adjustability, esthetic, and space limitations. However, it was shown that it is possible to improve the design of tractor seats without any significant increase in the final cost and complexity. A new approach was used for tractor seats for a sample of Iranian operators and can be used for the design and evaluation of tractor seats for other target populations.

Detailed Late Pliocene-Quaternary sedimentation history and diagenesis processes in the eastern part of the Norwegian-Greenland Basin based on mathematical statistical methods

As a result of univariate regression analysis, quantitative parameters on the distribution of Mn/Al and Mn/Fe ratios in the sections of the studied holes of ODP Leg 151 were obtained. On the basis of correlation analysis data with Pearson matrix construction and classical factor analysis with varimax rotation, a division of rather homogeneous Upper Pliocene-Quaternary sediments was carried out with the allocation of 3 main factors that characterize the history of sedimentation and diagenesis in the Norwegian-Greenland Basin. The boundaries between lithostratigraphic subdivisions are drawn on a strict mathematical basis. It is established that the nature and degree of intensity of diagenesis processes in this region were influenced by the following main factors: sedimentation environments in the Norwegian-Greenland Basin in the Late Pliocene-Quaternary time; grain-size and chemical composition of the studied sediments; total organic carbon content in the sediments; sedimentation rates.

Safe-Enhanced Autonomous Driving Technology Using Conformal Prediction Results

Abstract Autonomous driving technology significantly improves road safety, mitigates traffic congestion, and paves the way for a more efficient and connected transportation future. However, the uncertain driving scenarios poses a great challenge to the safe control of autonomous vehicles (AVs). Therefore, this paper proposes an enhanced safety control framework by integrating the quantified prediction results of human driving behaviors into the path-planning process. First, a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is employed for driver behavior prediction, based on which, the conformal prediction, a mathematical statistical method, is introduced to quantify the uncertainties of the prediction results with a probabilistic presentation. Then, a model predictive model controller (MPC) is designed to enable the path-planning ability. By using the Lipschitz constant, the inequality for obstacle avoidance is reformulated as a hard constraint in the MPC optimization framework while considering the conformal prediction results. Finally, some simulation test cases are conducted to validate the proposed method. The results demonstrate the effectiveness to guarantee the safety of AVs with uncertain prediction results.

ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING AN ELECTRONIC TEXTBOOK IN FORMING THE READINESS OF FUTURE PRIMARY TEACHERS FOR INTEGRATED LEARNING

The article presents a theoretical review and experimental study of the problem of using an electronic textbook in the process of developing the readiness of primary education teachers for integrated learning. The aim of the article is to determine the effectiveness of the electronic textbook in the process of developing the readiness of future teachers for the integrated education of primary schoolchildren.The research materials were tested during the 2023-2024 academic year on the basis of the Pavlodar Pedagogical University named after Alkey Margulan, where 78 students of the educational program “Pedagogy and Methods of Primary Education” were involved at the stage of testing and implementation of the electronic textbook. To achieve the goal ofthe study, theoretical (analysis, synthesis, generalization and systematization of scientific publications) and empirical (testing, pedagogical experiment, expert assessment) methods were used. The validity of the results of experimental pedagogical work was confirmed using the methods of mathematical statistics -the Pearson criterion.The educational results of the participants in the experimental pedagogical work demonstrated the obvious effectiveness and significance of the developed and tested electronic textbook, the content of which ensured the completeness and systematic assimilation of theoretical knowledge and the development of practical skills of students in the educational program “Pedagogy and Methods of Primary Education” for the successful implementation of integrated education for junior schoolchildren.

PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REHABILITATION POTENTIAL OF EMPLOYEES OF THE FORCE

The article the main approaches to the psychological support of the process of development of rehabilitation potential of specialists of law enforcement agencies. The purpose of our article is to study the peculiarities of social functioning and the leading factors of mental trauma in specialists of law enforcement agencies with depressive disorders of neurotic origin. During the research, the following methods were used: analysis of special, scientific and methodological literature, analysis of documentary materials, observation, testing, experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Factors of development of rehabilitation potential of personality are characterized. The peculiarities of the systemic structure of mental phenomena and the concept of psychological support of the process of development of rehabilitation potential are considered. The need to implement a systematic approach based on empirical data, which includes research aimed at harmonizing the psychological state of law enforcement officers, is emphasized. Empirical research has revealed the peculiarities of the social functioning of specialists in law enforcement agencies with depressive disorders of neurotic origin. There are differences in the psychological well-being of professionals with depressive disorders of neurotic origin and people without mental disorders, namely: people without mental disorders are characterized by a predominance of interest in life, reflecting their interest in everyday life, enthusiasm for what is happening; in people with mental disorders, the indicators of "consistency in achieving goals" and "consistency between goals and their achievement" are such that indicate inadequate assessment and inability to use their own strength to achieve the goal.

The effectiveness of interactive online courses for the speech competence development in non-language-major students

Interactive online courses are becoming increasingly popular among students studying foreign languages. The aim of the article is to analyse the effectiveness of interactive online courses in the speech competence development of non-language-major students. Research methods included student surveys, testing before and after the interactive online courses, mathematical statistics methods (t-test, Likert scale). The testing showed a significant improvement in the results of the experimental group (EG) that studied using interactive online courses (B2 – 43.5% of students, C1 – 21.7%, C2 – 21.7%). Online courses were found to provide valuable opportunities for real language practice with an average score of 3.6. The user interface and features were found to be user-friendly and easy to navigate, with an average score of 3.5. The variety of topics covered in the interactive online courses was identified as beneficial for general language skills, with an average score of 3.6. Flexibility in study planning was consistent with the benefits, receiving a high mean score of 3.8. The practical value of these results is their ability to improve the practice of foreign language learning. The results provide important insights into the effectiveness of interactive online courses.

The specifics of integrating distance learning technologies with traditional classroom instruction: How to design educational curricula in modern education?

The active and widespread transition to distance learning modalities was prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic and is currently considered a prospective paradigm for the development of the education system. This shift necessitates the creation of corresponding curricula and programs capable of fostering student competencies through online and blended learning. The purpose of this research is to examine the specifics and formulate an algorithm for the development of educational programs incorporating distance and blended learning technologies. Analytical, sociological (utilizing semi-structured surveys administered to 96 educators and 128 students on the subject of distance and blended learning and its methodological support), modeling, and mathematical-statistical methods (Student's t-test and analysis of variance ANOVA) were employed in this study. The survey confirmed the hypothesis of differences in attitudes toward distance learning among students and educators. Educational needs and challenges were identified, leading to the development of an algorithm for designing educational programs integrating distance and blended learning technologies. An algorithm has been devised for the development of educational programs based on the integration of distance and blended learning technologies. The study underscores the importance of continuity across educational levels and the early cultivation of distance learning skills. Prospective research endeavors are intended to be directed toward the examination of the organization of distance and blended learning for students with special educational needs.

SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS DETERMINING THE HEALTH STATE OF YOUTH STUDENTS IN UKRAINE

One of the bases of sustainable development of mankind is the health of the young generation. The priority of this issue is especially important in the perspective of European integration processes in Ukraine. Youth is an important component of the human resource that every state should take care of. Preserving, restoring and improving the psycho-physiological condition of young people is the key to the survival and further progress of mankind. The purpose of our research is to analyze the importance of individual factors and their combinations that can affect the health of students. Analysis, synthesis and modeling methods were used to study the state of research. The results of our research were carried out with the help of empirical methods: pedagogical observation, questionnaires, interviews, testing, the method of experimental evaluations. Mathematical statistics methods were used to process the research results. This study explores the social and environmental factors affecting the health of university students in Ukraine, emphasizing the importance of promoting a healthy lifestyle among youth. The research highlights the role of education in shaping health culture, noting gaps in the current system's approach to instilling necessary attitudes toward health. The study draws on data from student health assessments and reveals a high prevalence of chronic diseases, especially among students from radiation-contaminated areas. The investigation further examines the genetic and immunological markers influencing students' health, finding that prolonged stress, radiation exposure, and physical inactivity significantly impact immune responses. Additionally, the research explores the link between thyroid and lipid metabolism issues and students' exposure to ionizing radiation. The findings suggest that moderate physical activity and immunomodulators may help mitigate stress-induced immunosuppression. The study concludes that addressing these social and environmental health determinants is critical for improving the well-being of Ukrainian youth and calls for tailored physical education programs and preventive health measures.

THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF THE FORMATION OF SPIRITUAL CULTURE IN FUTURE TEACHERS OF ARTISTS

The problem of spirituality, spiritual culture and their role in the formation of the creative personality of student youth is quite relevant. The process of forming spirituality is an important aspect of the modern humane educational paradigm. According to the scientific community, it is spirituality that expresses the degree of "humanization" of the pedagogical process. Questions of spirituality have interested humanity at all times and have been studied by many sciences: philosophy, pedagogy, psychology, sociology, ethics, aesthetics, etc. In the New Ukrainian School Program in the Progress to Values, it is stated that now it is important to intensify efforts to raise the spiritual level of Ukrainian youth, to form a stable system of deep moral and spiritual values in them. The purpose of the article is to describe the concept of spiritual culture and the formation of artistic ideas in future teachers during the study of Ukrainian folk art. Analysis, synthesis and modeling methods were used to study the state of research. The results of our research was carried out with the help of empirical methods: pedagogical observation, questionnaires, interviews, testing, the method of experimental evaluations. Mathematical statistics methods were used to process the research results. In the research, we used a complex of general scientific and pedagogical methods. To ensure an objective and comprehensive study of the researched phenomenon, an analysis of scientific, scientific-methodical, and art sources was carried out; the state of development of the problem and prospects for further research were determined; generalization of pedagogical experience in teaching art in a higher education institution. The formation of a spiritual personality takes place in the interconnected process of education and training. An important role in the formation of the spiritual sphere of the individual belongs to education. Its tasks are classified according to the following directions: formation of a scientific outlook; education of a conscious attitude to learning, development of cognitive activity and culture of mental work; education of political consciousness and development of civic activity; education of a creative attitude to work, preparation for a conscious choice of profession; education of morality and culture of behavior; formation of legal awareness and education of civil responsibility; education of aesthetic culture and development of artistic abilities, etc.

ASSESSING THE DYNAMICS OF CHANGES IN ROAD SAFETY INDICATORS IN UKRAINE

Purpose. A study of road traffic in Ukraine shows that despite several legislative and regulatory documents aimed at improving road safety, the total number of road traffic accidents (RTAs) is increasing from 2015 to 2021. According to statistical data, each road traffic accident involves more than one injured person on average. A significant reduction in the accident rate can be achieved by developing a national action programme to improve road safety, which should be based on a systematic analysis of the nature and causes of road accidents. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to conduct a comprehensive study of the level of road safety in Ukraine based on a systematic approach to assessing road accident data. Methodology. In the course of the research, the methods of regression analysis were used to study the absolute, specific and relative accident rates and the causes of accidents. All calculations were performed using Excel software. Results. This paper studies the international regulatory framework and national legislative documents aimed at improving traffic safety. An analysis of changes in absolute, specific and relative accident rates in 22 regions of the country is carried out. The general trends in accident rates in Ukraine from 2015 to 2021 are identified. The total number of road accidents in Ukraine, with some fluctuations in some years, has been increasing from 2015 to 2021. However, the percentage of road accidents with victims in the total number of accidents is decreasing. The social risk indicator in 2021 decreased by 15.86% compared to 2015. However, this figure remains almost twice as high as in top countries, where even those who died within 30 days of being injured in a road accident are taken into account. The scientific novelty. Based on the methods of mathematical statistics and regression analysis, the methods of estimating absolute, specific and relative accident rates, which take into account the number of victims, injured and killed in road accidents in the study of different regions of Ukraine, have been further developed. The practical significance. The obtained regression dependencies of accident rates can be used to formulate the provisions of an effective national road safety system aimed at significantly reducing the number of people killed and injured in road accidents, as well as reducing the economic losses caused by them.

Coordination of movements: identification of age-related dynamics of its development in karate boys 7-11 years old

The purpose of the study is to identify the age-related dynamics of the manifestation of coordination among junior and pre-pubescent karate boys (7-11 years old) training in the karate section at the initial stage of preparation. Materials and methods. The study involved 65 children of younger and prepubertal age. They underwent testing of coordination abilities in order to determine the level of development and identify the features of their manifestation in accordance with age and skill level. The selected sample was divided into five ages 7, 8, 9, 10 11 years old, with 13 children in each group. The children and their parents were aware of all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. The technical level of the children corresponded to the students of the 10th, 9th, 8th grades of Kyu (orange, orange with a blue stripe and blue belt color). To solve the tasks, the following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, timing of educational tasks, testing of coordination abilities, pedagogical ascertaining experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant effect of the age factor on the level of indicators of coordination abilities for: differentiation of spatial-dynamic parameters of movements (F = 95.712; p = 0.000); reorganization of motor actions (F = 111.410; p = 0.000); differentiation of spatial-temporal parameters (F = 50.863; p = 0.000); coordination of hand movements (F = 96.764; p = 0.000); maintaining postural stability (F = 38.274; p = 0.000); maintaining vestibular stability (F = 61.291; p = 0.000). Conclusions. Based on the results of studies indicators of various manifestations of coordination, statistically significant age differences are observed between groups of boys aged 7 to 10 years (p < 0.05). At 10-11 years old, there are no significant statistically significant differences in all indicators (p > 0.05), except for dynamic balance (p < 0.05).

Assessment of the functional capabilities of the heart and the severity of the stress response in women 30-49 years old who are starting to engage in fitness

In this article, based on the results of scientific publications, the current state of the fitness industry development in Kazakhstan in terms of the volume of fitness services and the number of people involved is studied. The results of our own research are presented using modern technologies: in particular, using the method of cardioscanning of cardiovascular system indicators, assessing the fitness level and cardiostress index, as well as based on bioimpedance analysis, the body mass index of untrained women (30-49 years old) of the Royal Club Bukhar Zhyrau fitness club in Almaty in a state of relative rest was determined. The bicycle ergometry method was used to assess the response of hemodynamic indicators of the surveyed contingent to standard physical activity of subthreshold intensity. The obtained data were processed using the methods of mathematical statistics and correlation analysis, analyzed, summarized and formulated in the research results.

The readiness of physical education and sports professionals to participate in educational activities for sustainable development of society

Purpose. To demonstrate the influence of the author’s methodological system on the formation of future specialists in physical culture and sports and their readiness for educational activities for sustainable development of society. Material and methods. The study involved 390 students from the faculties of physical education of T. H. Shevchenko National University "Chernihiv Colehium", the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Sumy State University, and Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko, future specialists in physical culture and sports. Students were informed about the features of the study and voluntarily participated in the pedagogical experiment. The participants of the study are represented by both sexes of different courses, from which the control and experimental groups were formed. Methods used: pedagogical experiments, surveys, questionnaires, testing, analysis, synthesis and generalisation of information; methods of mathematical statistics. Results. At the ascertaining stage of the pedagogical experiment, the indicator of readiness for educational activities for sustainable development of society in the control and experimental groups was almost the same at all levels, with a significant predominance of low levels. 69.35% and 65.09% of respondents in the control and experimental groups had a low level of the studied indicator, 18.06% and 19.08% –satisfactory level, 9.81% and 10.44% – average level, and 2.78% and 5.42% – high level, respectively. At the end of the experiment, a positive impact of the methodological training system on the studied quality was observed. At the final stage of the study, Pearson's correlation coefficient was χ2empirical = 22.67, with a critical value χ2critical = 5.99 (p < 0.05). The most significant changes were observed in the cognitive and practical components of readiness. The number of students with low levels decreased by 2.8 times and almost 2 times, the number of students with satisfactory levels increased by 6.8 times and 2.8 times, and the number of students with average levels of cognitive and practical components increased by 14.8 and 6.5 times, respectively. The number of students with a high level of development in the practical component of readiness for educational activities for sustainable development of society increased by 2.5 times. In the control group, at the end of the pedagogical experiment, there were no significant changes in the indicators of any of the studied components of physical education and sports specialists’ readiness for educational activities for sustainable development. Conclusions. The experimental methodological system has a positive impact on the formation of future physical education and sport specialists’ readiness to participate in educational activities for sustainable development of society. At the beginning of the pedagogical experiment in both groups, on average, 68.56% respondents had a low, 19.49% satisfactory, 9.12% average, and 2.83% high level of readiness for educational activities for sustainable development. At the end of the pedagogical experiment, the indicators in the experimental group improved significantly: the number of students with a low level of the studied indicator (30.18%) decreased by 2.3 times; the number of students with a satisfactory level increased by 1.8 times (35.37%); and the number of students with medium (26.11%) and high (8.33%) levels of readiness for educational activities for sustainable development of society increased by 2.9 times.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FORMING TECHNOLOGY MULTI-GROUP TRAINS ON DIFFERENT SORTING DEVICES

Purpose. The purpose of the work is a comparative analysis of the multi-group trains forming technology on various sorting devices for solve the task of choosing the best sorting device depending on the initial conditions (combination of train and sorting devices parameters) using both one-sided and two-sided methods of forming such trains. Method. The methods of combinatorics, mathematical statistics and simulation modeling were used for comparative analysis of the of forming multigroup trains methods. The formalization of both classical one-sided and adapted two-sided formation methods was taken from published scientific publications. Results. An illustration of the use of one-sided and two-sided forming methods for real trains allows a better understanding of the reason for the superiority of some methods over others for certain initial conditions. As a result, with the help of a simulation model, the time indicators of the formation of multi-group trains were obtained for various initial conditions, the comparison of which allows to establish the best option for the implementation of the technology of the formation of multi-group trains. Practical importance. The performed analysis allows to choose the best method for each specific case of the initial conditions which will speed up the formation process and reduce the idling time of local cars at the stations. For this purpose, it is advisable to include the specified forming algorithm in the station dispatching staff decision-making support system, which based on the data about the cars parameters and given classification tracks specialization that used to form such trains, will allow to obtain the time parameters of train forming in different ways and choose the best of them (for example, with the minimum duration of the train formation), for which a shunting work plan will be offered.

RESEARCH AND EVALUATION OF LOGISTICS SCHEMES EFFICIENCY FOR THE GRAIN LOADS TRANSPORTATION FOR EXPORT UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE MILITARY STATE

Purpose. The aim of the work is to study the effectiveness of various logistics schemes for the delivery of grain cargoes for export from production sites to its transshipment points - to sea ports and to border terminals on the border with the countries of the European Union. Methodology. In the research process analysis and synthesis methods were used to study the content and main provisions of scientific publications on the state of the logistic system of transporting Ukrainian grain for export, the theory of operational work of railways for the development of logistics schemes for the delivery of grain cargoes, methods of mathematical statistics for the analysis of tariffs for road transportation, methods of technical economic calculations and determination of transportation tariffs. Results. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of grain delivery logistics schemes, the routes from one of the areas with the largest concentration of grain loading to a large seaport and to a railway and road border checkpoint were considered. At the same time, the following logistics schemes of grain delivery were chosen: automobile transportation by grain trucks and in containers, railway transportation by wagons and route shipments in grain wagons and in containers on fitting platforms. Calculations showed that transportation costs in the direction of ports are 10...15% lower than for transportation to land checkpoints; rail transportation is generally 30...40% cheaper than road transportation, and transportation in containers allows to save 20...25% of the cost of transportation. Scientific novelty. The obtained results make it possible to provide a scientific and economic basis for the development and improvement of the grain cargo transportation system, as well as for the optimization of the parameters of its individual links. Practical significance. Analysis and improvement of grain transportation logistics schemes will increase the efficiency of grain export logistics, reduce the share of the logistics component in the final cost of Ukrainian grain and, accordingly, increase both its competitiveness on foreign markets and foreign currency revenues to the state budget.

Setting of seeds during Agrobacterium-mediated winter wheat transformation by in planta method

Aim. To investigate the frequency of seeds setting and the formation of transgenic plants during Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of winter wheat by the in planta method using different methods of applying agrobacteria and the composition of inoculation media. Methods. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation by in planta method, molecular genetic analysis, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. A significant difference was found in the studied genotypes of winter wheat according to the indicator seed setting depending on the A. tumefaciens strain used and the inoculation medium. When comparing the effect of different strains of agrobacteria on this indicator, no significant differences between them were established, however, a tendency to increase the frequency of seed formation was observed when using the LBA4404 strain. When using the MS-22 inoculation medium, which additionally contained 12.5 mM MES, 4 mM NH4CI, 5.5 mM MgSO4, a certain increase in the number of formed seeds was also observed compared to the MS-21 medium supplemented with sodium thiosulfate, the frequency of seed setting increased in on average by 5 %. Conclusions. The genotypic dependence of the frequency of seed setting and the formation of transgenic plants with the use of different inoculation media and the method of the transformation procedure was established.

Program for forming psychological readiness for professional communication in future pre-school education teachers during the process of studying at university

Introduction. The article deals with the problem of preparing specialists of the preschool education system for future professional activity in the process of studying at higher school. The authors present the basic concept for the creation and implementation of the main stages of the program for the formation of psychological readiness among students of preschool education for professional communication with all subjects of the educational process. The modular principle of designing a program based on the main components of the structure of psychological readiness is discussed, and the need to increase the practical training of future teachers of preschool education is noted. Materials and Methods. The research used: theoretical methods: analysis of scientific publications, psychological and pedagogical literature; synthesis and interpretation, method of generalization and systematization of information, modeling of the process of formation of psychological readiness for professional communication; empirical research methods: psychological and pedagogical experiment, testing, direct and indirect observation, proximetric techniques; data analysis methods: methods of mathematical statistics, quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results. Results. The authors substantiate and concretize the scientific and theoretical foundations, approaches and principles, organizational, psychodidactic and psychological-pedagogical conditions, present a detailed approbation of the program, assess the dynamics of the formation of psychological readiness for professional communication among future teachers of preschool education. The program allows undergraduate students to consistently master general cultural and general psychological communicative competencies; skills, abilities, actions of planning, designing, building, accumulating individual experience of interpersonal and professional communication with different subjects of the educational process; building personalized communication models with different target groups and subjects of education; to form the initial style of professional communication of the future teacher, his value-semantic, a substantial and structural-organizationaloutline. Discussion and Conclusions. The performed research has shown the need and possibility of systematic and systematic formation of psychological readiness for professional communication among students of preschool education in the process of studying at a university. The psychological readiness of students of preschool education has its own characteristics and correlates with the requirements for the professional competencies of a future teacher of preschool education.