Statistical Analysis Software Research Articles

Meta-analysis of the effect of whole-body vibration training on the improvement of limb function in patients with Parkinson's disease.

This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effect of whole-body vibration (WBV) training on the improvement of limb function in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). An electronic search was performed on the databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SCI-hub, ScienceDirect, Embase, IEEE, Medline, Wiley, ClinicaIKey, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP database, Chinese Medical Association, and CBM Database from inception to May 2022 to collect randomized controlled studies on whole-body vibration training for patients with Parkinson's disease. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the quality of the literature, then used ReviewManager 5.4 software for quantitative statistical analysis, including heterogeneity test, sensitivity analysis, risk of bias assessment, combined outcome index effect size and effect size inspection. A total of 9 studies were included in the meta-analysis, including 346 patients, 174 patients in the control group and 172 patients in the observation group. Meta-analysis results showed that, compared with conventional physical therapy or drug therapy alone, whole-body vibration reduced the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRSIII) score and significantly improved the motor function of patients with Parkinson's disease [MD=-2.39, 95% CI (-4.41, -0.37), Z=2.14 (p=0.23)]. Moreover, whole-body vibration significantly improved the walking stability of Parkinson's patients [MD=-1.96, 95% CI (-2.71-1.21), Z=1.17 (p=0.03)]. However, its improvement in balance ability [MD=-0.06, 95% CI (-0.77, 0.65), Z=1.07 (p=0.19)] and daily living ability [MD=0.03, 95% CI (-1.68, 0.74), Z=0.24 (p=0.87)] of patients, it was not t statistically significant. Compared with conventional therapy, WBV has certain advantages in improving the balance function and gait performance of PD patients, but the effect on balance ability and daily living ability is not significant. Thus, more high-quality research is required for further verification.

안전문화가 안전참여 행동에 미치는 영향

An increase in elderly workers and foreign workers is likely to lead to an increase in safety accidents, but it is not easy to exclude them unconditionally as the inflow of new domestic workers is very low. Accordingly, interest in the safety of elderly workers and foreign workers has recently increased, and it can be confirmed that efforts to reduce safety accidents customized for elderly workers and foreign workers are needed. Therefore, in this study, in order to derive safety culture factors that have a positive effect on improving the safety participation movement of elderly workers and foreign workers, the ratio of elderly workers and foreign workers to the relationship between safety culture and safety participation actions was analyzed through an adjustment regression analysis. By verifying the moderating effect, the difference in the influence of safety culture factors on safety participation action according to the ratio of elderly workers and foreign workers was investigated. To verify the research model, a moderated regression analysis was conducted to verify the moderating effect of the duty ratio of elderly workers and foreign workers on the relationship between safety culture and safety participation action using the IBM SPSS Statistics 28 statistical analysis package. The main results of this study are summarized as follows. 1) As a result of verifying the influence relationship between safety culture and safety participation action, it was found that it was statistically significant and safety culture explained about 72% of safety participation action. All of the sub-factors (leadership of top management, Leadership of Lead Framer, Education and System, Work Environment, Communication) that constitute safety culture were found to have significant effects. 2) As a result of verifying the moderating effect of the working ratio of elderly workers and foreign workers, it was found that the working ratio of elderly workers had no effect of moderating the relationship between safety culture factors and safety participation action. On the other hand, it was found that the foreign worker duty ratio had a direct effect on safety participation action as well as a moderating effect. In particular, ‘Leadership of Lead Framer’ and ‘Work Environment’ were meaningful. As for 'Leadership of Lead Framer', the higher the ratio of foreign workers, the higher the positive effect on the safety participation movement. In ‘Work Environment’, the higher the ratio of foreign workers, the lower the degree to which the positive effect on safety participation action increased. Through this study, it is expected to understand the specific impact of safety culture on the safety participation action of elderly workers and foreign workers, and to propose a new approach to safety accident prevention and safety management at construction sites.

The correlation between multiple HPV infections and the occurrence, development, and prognosis of cervical cancer.

Cervical carcinoma is the fourth female malignant tumor in the world, and the persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as the most common cause. This article studies the correlation between multiple HPV infections and the occurrence, development, and prognosis of cervical cancer in order to provide more references for clinical diagnosis and treatment. We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 400 cervical carcinoma patients admitted to our hospital from 2015 to 2023. The collected patient data include age, HPV infection status, tumor size and morphology, local infiltration depth, diagnostic staging, surgical approach, vascular cancer thrombus status, lymph node status, and postoperative HPV follow-up status. We use SPSS statistical software for data analysis. Our research shows that the high-risk age group for cervical carcinoma is concentrated between 41 and 60 years old, which is basically consistent with the age range of the high incidence of HPV infection. In the statistics for HPV infection types, ~67.7% of patients are single HPV-infected, 25.29% are double infected, and 7.00% are infected with three or more types of HPV. Among the multiple HPV infections, most of the patients are younger than 40 years old and older than 70 years old, with double infection accounting for the majority. The top five HPV subtypes with high detection rates belong to high-risk subtypes, which are the HPV16, 18, 58, 33, and 52 subtypes, respectively. There was no significant relationship between multiple HPV infections and cervical cancer stage, lesion size, pathological tissue type, tissue differentiation degree/vascular cancer thrombus, and lymph node metastasis, and there was no significant difference in the results between the groups. In summary, multiple types of HPV infection in the cervix are common. We found that multiple infections, mainly HPV16, are closely related to cervical cancer. For the HPV16, 18, 58, 33, and 52 subtypes of infection, especially for patients younger than 40 years old and older than 70 years old, priority should be given to prevention and treatment. The relationship between multiple HPV infections and the progression and prognosis of cervical carcinoma requires further research, which could better guide cancer prevention and treatment.

Polymer Nanoparticles Applied in the CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polishing) Process of Chip Wafers for Defect Improvement and Polishing Removal Rate Response.

Chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) is a wafer-surface-polishing planarization technique based on a wet procedure that combines chemical and mechanical forces to fully flatten materials for semiconductors to be mounted on the wafer surface. The achievement of devices of a small nano-size with few defects and good wafer yields is essential in enabling IC chip manufacturers to enhance their profits and become more competitive. The CMP process is applied to produce many IC generations of nanometer node, or those of even narrower line widths, for a better performance and manufacturing feasibility. Slurry is a necessary supply for CMP. The most critical component in slurry is an abrasive particle which affects the removal rates, uniformity, defects, and removal selectivity for the materials on the wafer surface. The polishing abrasive is the source of mechanical force. Conventional CMP abrasives consist of colloidal silica, fume silica or other inorganic polishing particles in the slurries. We were the first to systematically study nanoparticles of the polymer type applied in CMP, and to compare traditional inorganic and polymer nanoparticles in terms of polishing performance. In particular, the polymer nanoparticle size, shape, solid content dosing ratio, and molecular types were examined. The polishing performance was measured for the polishing removal rates, total defect counts, and uniformity. We found that the polymer nanoparticles significantly improved the total defect counts and uniformity, although the removal rates were lower than the rates obtained using inorganic nanoparticles. However, the lower removal rates of the polymer nanoparticles are acceptable due to the thinner film materials used for smaller IC device nodes, which may be below 10 nm. We also found that the physical properties of polymer nanoparticles, in terms of their size, shape, and different types of copolymer molecules, cause differences in the polishing performance. Meanwhile, we used statistical analysis software to analyze the data on the polishing removal rates and defect counts. This method helps to determine the most suitable polymer nanoparticle for use as a slurry abrasive, and improves the reliability trends for defect counts.

Analysis of Hydrochemical Characteristics and its Influences on Jiaodong Water Diversion Project

The water chemistry characteristics along the Jiaodong water transfer line and its impact analysis play an important role in supporting water quality safety and operation management. In this paper, the water chemistry characteristics along the Jiaodong water transfer project were studied, and the water chemistry characteristics and their influencing factors in the study area were analyzed by using Piper's trilinear diagram, Gibbs diagram and SPSS26 statistical analysis software for correlation. The results show that the surface water and groundwater along the Jiaodong water transfer project are both weakly alkaline, and the chemical type of groundwater in the traversing area is Na Ca-HCO-3 water, while the chemical type of surface water is Na Ca- HCO-3 water. The groundwater in the crossing area of Jiu Dong water transfer project is mainly controlled by rock weathering and evaporation concentration, and the water chemistry type of groundwater in different areas shows certain differences; the correlation between the channel water and groundwater and surface water along the route is weak in water quality, and surface water and groundwater basically have no influence on the water quality of channel water transfer during the normal water transfer period; the groundwater quality along the route basically has no corrosive influence on concrete, and the groundwater quality has no corrosive influence on Groundwater quality has no corrosive effect on concrete, but groundwater quality has some influence on reinforcement and steel structure in concrete.

ASSESSMENT OF HAND FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AS A RESULT OF PHYSICAL THERAPY

Assessment of hand function is the great importance in physical therapy for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, as the choice of rehabilitation measures and evaluation of their results depends on the functional capacity of the hand.
 The purpose is to evaluate hand function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis as a result of physical therapy using the Sollerman test.
 Materials and methods. The research was conducted on the basis of the rheumatology department and the department of rehabilitation treatment using traditional and alternative methods of the Municipal Enterprise “Rivne Regional Clinical Hospital named after Yuriy Semeniuk” in Rivne. The results of the research were accumulated as patients were admitted for inpatient treatment. A total of 188 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were examined, with an average age of 44.9±7.6 years. All patients were randomly assigned to the control (n=92) and main (n=96) groups. Patients of the control group underwent rehabilitation in accordance with the recommendations of the regulatory document of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. Patients in the main group were treated according to the proposed physical therapy technology, which included the following elements: therapeutic exercises, therapeutic massage, physiotherapy, hydrotherapy, orthotics, kinesiotaping of the upper extremities, mechanotherapy and psychological support. A physical therapy programme was developed for each patient for a long-term period of 6 months. To determine the function of the arm, the Sollerman test was used. The obtained digital material was processed statistically using the Statistica 10 statistical analysis package (Serial Number: STA999K347150-W).
 Results. The initial examination revealed the presence of disorders of the basic functions of the hand and deviations from the norm, as well as impaired fine motor skills and various types of hand grip according to the Solleraman test. We analysed the quality of different types of grasping in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, in particular, the greatest difficulties were in performing spherical and cylindrical grasping – in 82.9% of patients and 89.3% of cases, respectively. Forceps grasping was also difficult in 76.5% of patients. During the repeated examination after 3 and 6 months, patients in both groups showed positive dynamics in the performance of individual test tasks. Thus, in patients of the main group, after 3 months, the average Sollerman test scores increased to 65.1±5.3 points, in the control group this figure was significantly lower than 61.8±3.6 points (x ±S) (p<0.05). In 6 months after hospitalisation, the mean values of the Sollerman test in the main group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis increased significantly and were close to normal values. In patients of the control group, the average values of this test also increased, but they were significantly lower than those of the main group. Accordingly, the mean Sollerman test score in patients of the main group increased from 65.1±5.3 points to 70.2±6.3 points, which is significantly higher than in patients of the control group – from 61.8±3.6 points to 65.1±3.8 points (x±S) (p<0.05). The results of the Sollerman test in the main group are significantly higher than those of the control group, which indicates the effectiveness of the developed rehabilitation technology for patients in the main group.
 Conclusions. The increase in the functional capacity of the upper extremities of patients in the main group with rheumatoid arthritis confirms the effectiveness of the implemented physical therapy technology.

Study of her2/neu and ki-67 expression in invasive urothelial carcinoma of bladder and their correlation with grade and stage

Urinary bladder cancer is one of the costliest diseases, which requires lifelong surveillance due to its rapid aggressive clinical course. Here, HER2/neu and Ki-67 expression, is studied, as important prognostic marker with therapeutic implications in invasive urothelial bladder carcinoma (IUBC). To study expression of HER2/neu and Ki-67 in histologically diagnosed cases of IUBC and their clinicopathological correlation.An observational, cross-sectional, study was performed in Pathology Department, NRS Medical College, Kolkata, from February 2020 to July 2021. Tissue sections, after proper processing, were stained in H&E. A total of 75 IUBC cases were histopathologically diagnosed with grade and stage. HER2/neu and Ki-67 expression by immunohistochemistry was studied in them; which was compared with clinicopathological variables like age, sex, risk factors, histological type, grade, stage, etc. Statistical analysis software EPI INFO (TM) 7.2.2.2 was used, p<0.05 was taken to be statistically significant.Among 75 cases of IUBC, 60% were high grade and 72% were of lower (pT1) stage. HER2/neu was positive in 52% cases; significantly associated with males, haematuria, smoking, necrosis, high grade (p<0.00001) and higher stage (pT2/3/4) (p=0.0005). Ki-67 index was high in 56% cases; significantly associated with >50 years age group, haematuria, smoking, necrosis, LVI, high grade (p<0.00001) and higher stage (p<0.0001). Positive HER2/neu expression was also significantly associated with high Ki-67 index (p<0.00001).Positive HER2/neu expression and high Ki-67 index is significantly associated with high grade and stage of tumours. So, these patients may be considered for targeted therapy using Trastuzumab in addition to conventional therapy.

TREATMENT, HEALTHCARE UTILIZATION AND OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH GLIOBLASTOMA IN ONTARIO: A 10-YEAR COHORT STUDY

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumour in adults. Receipt of adjuvant therapies has been shown to exert a significant positive effect on patient survival. Little is known however about how changes in standards of care and healthcare system factors, such as access, affect real-world outcomes. In this study, we provide an overview of GBM in Ontario and examine elements of care, including treatment patterns and healthcare utilization, from 2010-2019. Using linked health- administrative databases from Ontario, Canada, we conducted a population-based cohort study to examine the clinical and biological characteristics, treatment, and healthcare utilization patterns of adult GBM patients diagnosed between 2010-2019. The primary outcomes were enrollment in adjuvant chemoradiation treatment and 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival. All analyses were performed using the Statistical Analysis Software (SAS). 5392 patients were diagnosed with GBM in Ontario from 2010-2019 (58% male, 42% female). The median age at diagnosis was 64. Receipt of adjuvant chemoradiation within one year of diagnosis increased from 51% in 2010 to 63% in 2019. 1-year, 2-year, and 5-year overall survival plateaued, ranging between 40-43%, 15-19%, and 5-7%, respectively. For patients above the age of 65, however, 1-year survival increased from 19% in 2010 to 26% in 2019. This Ontario- based study provides insight into the effect of practice evolution and healthcare utilization on the real-world overall survival of patients with GBM. Overall survival for most patients with glioblastoma has remained stagnant over the past decade. Changes intreatment standards and expansion of access to treating centres have been associated with prolonged survival in elderly glioblastoma patients.

Correlation between the Symptoms of Major Depression during Pregnancy, Fetal Indicators and Delivery Complications

Introduction: Studies have shown a high prevalence rate of the symptoms of major depression in the general population of women on Kosovo (43.18%), therefore research on the impact of depression during pregnancy on the intrauterine fetal development and complications during and after delivery in the population of women on Kosovo at reproductive age has scientific and professional rationale. Objective: The purpose of the study is to research correlation of major depression symptoms during pregnancy with the indicators of intrauterine fetal development and complications during delivery. Method: The research is prospective randomized and after fulfilling the selective criteria included three hundred pregnant women in the second trimester and at the beginning of the third trimester of pregnancy in the general population of women on Kosovo. Scale of the major depression symptoms was determined with the Hopkins Symptom Check List (HSCL-25). Statistical package for results analysis included software SPSS 12, ANOVA analyses, frequencies, Chi square test, and linear regression analysis. Results: Significant correlation was proven between the symptoms of major depression during early and mid-pregnancy with: uterine contractions at the beginning of labor, perineal lacerations during delivery, tachycardia in the newborn baby, duration of newborn’s stay in the neonatal intensive care unit, the woman's duration of hospital stay in the department before and after delivery, and the delayed start of breastfeeding. Findings proved that there is no significant correlation between the emotional state of pregnant women and the slowing down of the intrauterine fetal development. Discussion: Based on the study results and the data from the literature, these clinical correlations are a result of interaction between the major depression during pregnancy with neuroendocrine trajectories of pregnancy, fetus and placental functions. Conclusion: Major depression during early and mid-term pregnancy may have impact on specific clinical parameters of the childbirth and newborn baby. The obtained results suggest the need for systematic mental health support of the woman during pregnancy.

The Impact of Unspecified Anxiety during Pregnancy on the Fetus Development and Childbirth Complications

Introduction: The high levels of chronic psychosocial stress and traumatic experiences faced by the general population of Kosovo in recent decades resulted in a high prevalence of unspecified anxiety (45.17%) among women at the reproductive age. On this psychological ground there are objective hypotheses that fetal growth and childbirth process may be affected. Objective: The purpose of the study is to research the correlation of unspecified anxiety during pregnancy with the intrauterine development of the fetus and complications during childbirth. Method: The research is prospective randomized and after fulfilling the selective criteria included three hundred (300) pregnant women in the second trimester and at the beginning of the third trimester of pregnancy in the general population of women on Kosovo. Scale of unspecified anxiety was determined with the Hopkins Symptom Check List (HSCL-25). Statistical package for results analysis included software SPSS 12, ANOVA analyses, frequencies, Chi square test, and linear regression analysis. Results: Findings proved that there is no significant correlation between the emotional state of pregnant women and the slowing down of the intrauterine fetal development. However, the study proved the significant correlation between the degree of unspecified anxiety during early and mid-term pregnancy with the degree of cervix effacement at the beginning of the birth act, and with tachycardia in the newborn baby. Discussion: Based on the study results and the data from the literature, these clinical correlations occur based on the interference of unspecified anxiety during pregnancy with neuroendocrine trajectories of pregnancy, fetus and placental functions. Conclusion: Unspecified anxiety during early and mid-term pregnancy may initiate cervix effacement and may cause fetal tachycardia at birth. The obtained results suggest the need for greater care for the emotional state of the woman during pregnancy.

Tech Neck Syndrome: A global epidemic of the modern era among students at the University of Abomey Calavi in Benin

Context and Objective“Tech neck” is a recent term used to describe neck pain related to smartphone use. It is a health problem that has been increasing considerably since the last decade. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Teck Neck syndrome among young students at the University of Abomey Calavi, in order to highlight the different factors that contribute to the occurrence of this condition. Patients and MethodThis is a prospective descriptive study with consecutive sampling conducted over a period of 3 months. The study involved 1,835 young students at the University of Abomey Calavi in Benin, 850 of whom had symptoms of Tech Neck.Epi Data 3.1 software was used for data entry and R software for statistical analysis. Proportions were calculated for qualitative variables. Quantitative variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare means. The significance level was set at risk alfa = 0.05. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. ResultsFor 421 (49.52%) of the participants, their symptoms would be caused by prolonged neck flexion when writing messages. Of the 1835 students, 1368 (74.55 %) reported constant communication by telephone message. In this study, 55.91 % and 89.43 % of participants respectively stated that they could not determine how often they handled their smartphone within 1 h and 24 h. None of the participants kept their neck straight when writing a message. ConclusionThe Tech neck syndrome is a health problem that has increased considerably over the last decade, especially among students, due to the misuse of NICT.

Phenotypic characterization of Harar and Ogaden cattle breeds of Ethiopia: The first step for conservation

Fourteen morphological and eight morphometric traits on a total of 456 adult cattle (354 cows and 102 oxen) from five purposively selected districts were recorded to characterize the cattle populations in eastern Ethiopia. Frequency, general linear model, and multivariate analysis procedures of Statistical Analysis Software (SAS 9.0) were used to analyze the data. The morphological similarities among the cattle populations from Tulo, Jarso, and Fedis districts confirm the presence of a unique cattle breed which was previously referred to as Harar cattle. The same was observed for the cattle populations from Jigjiga and Kebri Beyah districts which were previously referred to as Ogaden cattle. The Harar cattle are characterized by their forward-oriented, widely spaced, and medium-length horns while the Ogaden cattle possess upright-oriented, narrowly spaced short horns. The majority of the Ogaden cattle had gray body color while the Harar cattle possess multiple body colors where red and its combination with white and black colors are observed frequently. Most of the morphometric measurement values were higher for the oxen, while the cows had longer horns. Moreover, Ogaden cattle had higher morphometric measurement values than the Harar cattle. According to the multivariate analysis results the cattle populations in the study area were separated into two breeds; the Harar and Ogaden. However, these results only showed the phenotypic differences which might not necessarily be due to genetic differences. Therefore, further genetic characterization is recommended to understand their level of relationships which in turn helps to design conservation and breeding programs.

Analysis of Control Element Assembly Withdrawal at Full Power Accident Scenario Using a Hybrid Conservative and BEPU Approach

Reactivity Initiated Accident (RIA) scenarios require special attention using advanced simulation techniques due to their complexity and importance for nuclear power plant (NPP) safety. While the conservative approach has traditionally been used for safety analysis, it may lead to unrealistic results which calls for the use of best estimate plus uncertainty (BEPU) approach, especially with the current advances in computational power which makes the BEPU analysis feasible. In this work an Uncontrolled Control Element Assembly (CEA) Withdrawal at Full Power accident scenario is analyzed using the BEPU approach by loosely coupling the thermal hydraulics best-estimate system code (RELAP5/SCDAPSIM/MOD3.4) to the statistical analysis software (DAKOTA) using a Python interface. Results from the BEPU analysis indicate that a realistic treatment of the accident scenario yields a larger safety margin and is therefore encouraged for accident analysis as it may enable more economic and flexible operation.

Public perceptions towards ChatGPT​ a​s the​ Robo​-Assistant

The widespread adoption of digital technologies in various economic activities paves the way for the establishment of a unified digital space. ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence language model, can generate increasingly realistic text, with no information on the accuracy and integrity of using these models in scientific writing. This study aims to investigate factors influencing public perceptions toward the acceptance of ChatGPT as the Robo-Assistant, using a mixed method. The quantitative approach in this study employed convenience sampling to collect data through closed-ended questionnaires from a sample size of 1,880 respondents. Statistical analysis software was used for data analysis. The researchers used binary regression to examine the relationship between various independent variables (such as score, gender, education, social media usage) and the acceptance of ChatGPT, as dependent variable. As part of the qualitative approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of six participants. The qualitative data was analyzed using the content analysis method and the NVivo software program. Findings show that ChatGPT awareness and usage are influenced by variables like score, gender, education, and social media usage. Occupation and monthly income were not significant factors. The model with all independent variables was able to predict the use of ChatGPT as the Robo-Assistant in Thailand with an accuracy rate of 96.3%. The study also confirms acceptance of ChatGPT among Thai people and emphasizes the importance of developing sociable robots that consider human interaction factors. This study significantly enhances our comprehension of public perceptions, acceptance, and the prospective ramifications associated with the adoption of ChatGPT as the Robo-Assistant. The acquired findings offer indispensable guidance for the effective utilization of AI models and the advancement of sociable robots within the domain of human-robot interaction.

Fears and misconceptions towardCOVID-19 vaccination among Syrian population: A cross-sectional study.

Despite the significant milestone of vaccine discovery, the spread of misinformation and pseudoscientific claims has resulted in an increasing number of people refusing vaccination in Syria. In this study, we aimed to explore fears and misconceptions towards COVID-19 vaccines among the Syrian population. We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study between January and May 2022, using a convenience sample of 10,006 participants aged at least 18 years and living in Syria. We administered a validated online/paper questionnaire and conducted face-to-face interviews. We used SPSS software (version 26) for statistical analysis, assessing our data using frequency and χ 2 tests, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. The majority of the participants were female 6048 (60.4%), university degree holders 7304 (73%), and from urban areas 8015 (80.1%). Approximately half of the participants 5021 (50.2%) belonged to the medical sector (49% had concerns about the vaccine). Females, university degree holders, and participants with a history of symptomatic COVID-19 were more likely to have fears about the vaccines. The main concerns about the vaccines were the rapid development, fears of blood clots, and common side effects. The prevalence of some misconceptions was relatively high, such as the belief that the vaccine is an experiment or a secret plan to reduce the population. Reliable sources are crucial to fight misleading information on social media. COVID-19 vaccine is key to controlling the spread, but acceptance rate is critical. High variability in vaccine acceptance and high vaccine hesitancy can affect the efforts to terminate the COVID-19 pandemic. Addressing the barriers associated with the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination will be the cornerstone to achieving maximum vaccination coverage. It is important to consider the reasons for refusing the COVID-19 vaccine when interpreting the results of any study on vaccine attitudes among the Syrian population.

Prevalence of Anemia among Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients Treated with Imatinib: A Evidence-based Meta-analysis.

Imatinib is one of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors used for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. The exact association of imatinib with anemia in CML patients is still unclear. The current study aimed to find the prevalence of anemia in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with imatinib. The relevant articles were searched in PubMed, Google scholar, and Clinical trials registries till 31st July, 2021. The quality of the articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The prevalence rate with 95% CI was calculated using StatsDirect Statistical analysis software V.3. A total of 18 studies containing 3537 patients were found relevant for the analysis. The pooled prevalence of anemia in CML was found to be 34% (95% CI: 23%-46%). However, the heterogeneity among studies was found to be high. The monitoring of hemoglobin levels and identifying the cause of anemia are major concerns for the CML patients treated with Imatinib.

To Identify Different Critical Factors Contributing to Motorcycle Crashes in Peshawar through Questionnaire Survey

Abstract: A Road Traffic Accident (RTAs) is a major social and economic concern in many countries especially in a developing country like Pakistan. As almost all motorcycle riders in Pakistan are self-taught and a lack of proper driving education, trainings and a rider gain his riding experience through trial and error basis. Since the early 60s, attempts have been made to model rider behavior, improve rider safety, enhance training sessions and to provide basic education about traffic rules and regulations. In pursuance to that, understanding of a rider’s behavior and finding the factors contributing to a motorcycle accident, a questionnaire comprising of 31 demographic and accident analysis questions were asked from 1400 respondents in Peshawar, Pakistan and their responses were statistically analyzed using a statistical analysis software namely Stata (Version 12). This research mainly focuses on the study of a rider’s behavior and the identification of important variables that leads to a motorcycle accident. Based on the statistically analyzed results, recommendations to the concern department(s) on the mitigation of motorcycle crash accidents was made. Analysis shows that less experience riders, teen aged riders and high speed of a motorcycle contributes the most in occurrence of an accident.

Curtailing the Impact of Abusive Supervision on Counter-productive Work Behaviors: Using Conservation of Resource Lens to Analyze the Moderating Role of Work Engagement

Destructive behaviors of leaders have the potential to cause severe damage to the organization by endangering the wellbeing of its internal stakeholders. Abusive supervision is one the most common type of destructive leadership that prevails within organizations and creates a high possibility for subordinates to respond negatively by demonstrating counter-productive work (CWB) behaviors. However, whether their high work engagement motivates them to lower their counterproductive work behaviors when they value their work, is overlooked in the literature. To answer this question, this study approached 304 junior doctors working in tertiary public hospitals, located in the provincial and federal capitals of Pakistan and analyzed the data using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS). The results supported the proposed hypotheses and suggested that interventions must be made to increase junior doctors' work engagement to reduce their CWB in the presence of abusive supervision. Moreover, the administration of the hospital must restrain the destructive behaviors of supervisors through strict monitoring and the creation of a grievance cell to protect the junior doctors from verbal abuse and exploitation from their seniors and enhance their engagement with work.

Evaluation of IL-8 and IL-10 Levels in men with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder of the large intestine. This study was designed to Estimation of interleukin 8 and 10 in human suffering from irritable bowel syndrome and the relationship with age and period of disease. A total of 88 men participated in this study, including 57 men as patient, and 31 as healthy, who were collected from Al-Fayhaa Hospital in Basrah. The patients was classified according to age into (30-40), (41-50) and (51-60), and according to the disease period into (1-5) and (6-10) years. The healthy were aged (30-60 years).IL-8 and IL-10 were measured using ELISA technique and The data statistical analysis software (One-way Anova) and Mann-Watny test. The results showed a significant increase of interleukin-8 (IL-8) for patients at P≤0.001, while there was a significant decrease in the level of interleukin-10 (IL-10) at P≤0.001. Regarding the age groups, the results did not show variation of IL-8 levels .while, the level of IL-10 in the (41-50 years) was significantly lower. As for the relationship between the duration of the disease there is no significant differences. The study concluded that inflammations play a role in inducing irritable bowel syndrome and the age group (41-50) was more affected.

A First Glance at the NFT Quebec Gaming Scene

This article examines the discourses surrounding non-fungible tokens (NFTs) in gaming and identifies companies involved in NFTs in the Quebec gaming scene. NFTs boomed in the gaming industry in 2021 and continued to grow in 2022, even as the value of gaming coins plummeted. If successful, some believe they could bring new opportunities to the gaming landscape. We conducted an online ethnography in early 2022 through an innovative web-scanning approach and curation process powered by a professional market intelligence platform. Data was collected from various sources and analyzed via statistical analysis software to understand the discourses of companies, gamers, researchers, and insiders. Findings show that the technical and economic discourse is at least ambivalent if not negative, while the gamer discourse is mostly negative. The burgeoning Quebec scene is currently very limited and divided into two groups: large gaming companies and startups. Despite the crypto-enthusiast craze, our analysis shows that early projects were often criticized by traditional gamers and that professionals in the sector remain skeptical.