Software Package Statistica Research Articles

Autenthity of the indicators of complex visual-motor reaction for trap shooters

The aim of the study was to determine the validity and stability of choice reaction time testing in trap shooters. The following research methods were used: theoretical analysis and summarization of data from scientific and methodological literature and the Internet, medical-biological methods, pedagogical observation, and mathematical statistics methods. Relevant calculations were conducted using the MS Excel analysis software package and functions from the Statistica software package. The study involved 27 athletes of varying qualifications in trap shooting. Each athlete's reaction time was measured in ten attempts. Satisfactory reliability of choice reaction time testing was found among shooters of average skill level (Candidate for Master of Sports, 1st and 2nd categories) with a reliability coefficient of ICC=0.767. Excellent reliability of the test (ICC=0.933) was found in highly qualified shooters (Master of Sports and International Master of Sports). The tested choice reaction time methodology demonstrated acceptable informativeness (validity) and reliability (stability) for the training process of trap shooters.

Анализ влияния климатических факторов на потребление электроэнергии предприятиями в неперевозочных видах деятельности ОАО «РЖД»

Purpose: analysis of the costs of energy consumption by enterprises of JSC Russian Railways by type of fuel, identification of the most costly type of energy. Systematization of factors influencing energy consumption. Characteristics of climatic factors affecting energy consumption. The task was set to assess the possibility of using ASKUE data to improve the system for analyzing and planning energy consumption in non-transportation activities of JSC Russian Railways. Analysis of climatic factors affecting electricity consumption by enterprises in non-transportation activities of JSC Russian Railways. Determine the maximum time interval for analyzing energy consumption data. Methods: collecting information on electricity consumption and changes in climate characteristics. The main research method is the method of correlation analysis, which allows us to identify the most important factors influencing electricity consumption. Based on the correlation coefficient, a correlation matrix will be compiled using the Statistica software package. Results: climatic factors have been identified that have the greatest impact on the energy consumption of the enterprise in non-transportation activities of JSC Russian Railways. The maximum enlarged interval for analyzing energy consumption data has been clarified. Practical significance: climatic factors have been proposed, the characteristics of which must be relied upon when planning electricity consumption at non-transportation enterprises of JSC Russian Railways. These factors can be used in the further development of a model for planning energy consumption. The maximum enlarged interval for analyzing influencing factors has also been identified, allowing to obtain accurate results. The possibility of using hourly ASCAE data to assess and identify climatic factors affecting electricity consumption by non-transportation enterprises has been proven.

Quality of biological night-time regeneration and socioeconomic factors, health behaviors and body composition among middle-aged women: a cross-sectional pilot study

Background: Sleep has both immediate and long-term impacts on health. Aim of the study: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the quality of biological night-time regeneration, socio-economic status, health behaviors, nutritional status, and fat tissue distribution among adult women (n=46, aged 45-65 years). Material and methods: Socio-economic and lifestyle data were collected through a questionnaire, while anthropometric measurements were obtained using standard instruments. Statistical analyses were performed using the STATISTICA software package. Results: The study found no significant associations between socio-economic status, and the frequency of well-slept (participants satisfied with night-time regeneration) or sleep-deprived (respondents dissatisfied with night-time regeneration) individuals. However, an increased frequency of beer consumption was associated with dissatisfaction with night-time regeneration. There was no significant relationship between BMI categories and fat distribution types in relation to self-reported sleep sufficiency. Nonetheless, the analysis indicated that both BMI and WHR were higher in women who reported dissatisfaction with night-time regeneration compared to those who reported satisfaction. The trends suggest that women with higher education, white-collar occupations, residing in large cities, and consuming weak alcoholic beverages reported poorer sleep quality more frequently. This pattern is associated with a higher risk of excessive weight and central fat distribution, potentially due to increased psychosocial stress. Conclusions: Further research is necessary to verify these trends and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Systematization of sunflower genotypes based on seed phenotypic characteristics using neural networks

In recent years, various datasets related to the phenotyping of sunflower genotypes have become increasingly accessible. However, one of the key challenges remains the efficient and accurate prediction of phenotypes based on genotypes in the context of climate change. Analyzing phenotypes at different levels of organization and detecting connections between phenotypes and genotypes require the integration and processing of large, diverse, and often noisy datasets. Machine learning offers a broad arsenal of methods and approaches for identifying predictive patterns in such data. Therefore, the research aimed to develop a methodology for the systematization of sunflower genotypes based on seed phenotypic characteristics using the data vector quantization method and neural networks. The study revealed the phenotypic characteristics of sunflower seeds from various genotypes selected by the Institute of Oilseed Crops of NAAS, grown in the southern Steppe of Ukraine, including seed length, width, thickness, seed mass, kernel mass, and seed coat cracking force. For this purpose, appropriate laboratory equipment was developed, including two modules for determining the morphological and rheological properties of seeds. The developed methodology for the systematization of sunflower genotypes based on seed phenotypic characteristics includes the following steps: measuring the characteristics of sunflower seeds from various samples (parental components); studying the mutual correlation of characteristics; conducting hierarchical cluster analysis of the data using the Ward's method; determining the optimal number of groups; performing k-means clustering using the vector quantization method; determining the correspondence of ranges of characteristics to the group; training a neural network to group the data by samples and created groups; verifying the adequacy of the neural network on test data. The developed methodology was tested, and the MLP 30-15-3 neural network for grouping data by samples and created groups of sunflower seeds was developed in the Statistica software package. The network's training efficiency was 99.4%, and such of testing and validation was 95.6% and 96.7%, respectively.

Immunotherapy is a new opportunity for managing patients with “thin” endometrium in cycles of transfer of thawed embryos

The trend of recent decades has been the search for therapeutic effects on the so-called “thin” endometrium. However, to date there is no optimal management scheme for patients with “thin” endometrium in assisted reproductive technology programs. Aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of using recombinant IL-2 before cryotransfer in women of late reproductive age with “thin” endometrium and repeated implantation failure after transfer of good quality embryos. The study included 63 patients of late reproductive age with “thin” endometrium. The first group consisted of 25 patients of late reproductive age with a history of unsuccessful in vitro fertilization programs with good quality embryos. Cryotransfer to the patients of the first group was carried out in a modified natural cycle. The second group included 38 women of late reproductive age with a history of unsuccessful in vitro fertilization programs with good quality embryos. Cryotransfer for women of the second group was carried out in a cycle with hormone replacement therapy. Recombinant IL-2 in the cycle before cryotransfer were prescribed to all women. In both groups, implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates following administration of recombinant IL-2 were valuable. In both groups, the implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate were assessed after administration of recombinant IL-2. Statistical data processing was performed using application software package Statistica 6.0 (StatSoft, Ink. 1994-2001), adapted for biomedical research. p 0.05 was considered significant. After recombinant IL-2 treatment of patients with infertility and thin endometrium, endometrial thickness increases statistically significantly in the first two menstrual cycles after treatment, so transfer of thawed embryos should be planned in the first two menstrual cycles after immunotherapy. In order to increase the thickness of the endometrium during cryotransfer in a modified natural cycle, as well as in a cycle with replacement hormone therapy, recombinant IL-2 can be used in women with “thin” endometrium with repeated unsuccessful implantation attempts when transferring good quality embryos. Cryotransfer should be performed in the first two menstrual cycles after immunotherapy.

New equation for estimation of dental age by tooth cementum thickness in adolescents and adults: forensic aspects.

Our research was aimed to establish the equation and to determine its precision for dental age estimation in adolescents, adults and the elderly based on the thickness of deposited dental cement. The study sample consisted of 206 donor teeth of both sexes (10 to 82 years of age). The roots were transversely cut (6 cuts) on an ISOMET 1000 cutter at apical, middle, and cervical parts (slice thickness 0.3 to 0.5μm). Measurements of cement thickness on incisions were made with a light microscope and an Olympus EP50 camera with previous microscope calibration for each measurement episode. Measurements were carried out clockwise at 4 measuring points on each incision. Statistical analyses were conducted using statistical software packages STATISTICA version 12.0 StatSoft, Inc. 2013, and MedCalc® version 22.0. Mean cement thickness (MCT) significantly declined from apical to cervical cuts (P < 0.001, ANOVA) and was thicker in teeth with a destroyed tooth crown (P < 0.001, ANOVA) and in molars compared to incisors (P < 0.001, ANOVA). MCT was greater in men and in teeth with more than one root but without reaching statistical significance. MCT showed a significant increase from the second decade of chronological age with a peek at sixth decade and declined to the ninth decade (P < 0.001, ANOVA). Piecewise linear regression defined a breakpoint age of 53 years, so two different equations were calculated (≤ 53 years and > 53 years). The resulting equation is recommended for estimating dental age in forensic analyses.

MECHANISMS OF EPIGENETIC REGULATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PREECLAMPSIA

Introduction. The etiology and pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia (PE) are unclear. Effective methods of its prognosis, prevention and treatment have not still been devised. Of great interest have been the prospects for the use microRNA molecules that epigenetically control the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional level and of key importance in proliferation, differentiation, invasion, migration, apoptosis of trophoblast cells, regulation of angiogenesis, immune response and other processes which occur during pregnancy Aim. The objective of the study is to investigate the epigenetic development mechanisms of PE based on the evaluation of the expression of pathogenetically significant microRNAs in women’s blood plasma. Materials and methods. The study include 62 female patients divided into the main study group (42 pregnant women with PE) and the control group (20 healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancy, childbirth and post-natal period). All patients have undergone a general clinical, laboratory, instrumental examination. The expression 15 micRroNAs level in blood plasma has been evaluated using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.The software DIANA miRPath v. 3.0 has been used to evaluate the effect of differentially expressed microRNAs on the signalling pathways functioning . The statistical data processing has been carried out using the licensed software package Statistica 6.0. Results. The women with PE have been detected to have multidirectional changes in the expression of 13 out of 15 plasma microRNAs compared with the control group; however, there has been a statistically significant decrease in the expression levels of 8 microRNAs: hsa-miR-146a-5p, hsa-miR-181a-5p , hsa-miR-210-3p, hsa-miR-517a-3p , hsa-miR-517c-3p, hsa-miR-574-3p, hsa-miR-574-5p, hsa-miR-1304-5p . The subgroup of pregnant women having PE proceeding with the symptoms of fetal growth retardation (FGR), has shown a significant decrease in the expression of hsa-miR-20a-5p and hsa-miR-143-3p molecules compared with the subgroup without FGR. Dysregulation of more than 40 signalling pathways has been shown. Conclusion. The development of PE proceeds alongside with significant epigenetic changes accompanied by changes in the microRNA expression profile which are associated with cardiovascular, cerebrovascular diseases, placental disorders. The detected differentially expressed microRNAs may be potential diagnostic markers of PE

Spatial variation of earthworm communities in the motorway proximity

Background. The spatial features of the structure of earthworm communities in the area of influence of motor vehicles were analyzed. Five species of lumbricides belonging to three families were found in the studied biocenosis located near the M06 Kyiv–Chop motorway (Ukraine): Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny, 1826), A. rosea (Savigny, 1826), A. trapezoidеs (Dugesi, 1828), Lumbricus terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758) and Dendrobaena octaedra (Savigny, 1826). Materials and Methods. Earthworms were collected during 2021–2022 in the biocenosis near the M06 Kyiv–Chop motorway (Berezyna village, Zhytomyr region). The material was collected by excavation and layer-by-layer analysis of soil samples. The thickness of each layer was 10 cm. The maximum depth – 0.5 m. Samples were taken every 10 m from the road to a distance of 210 m. The distance between the rows of samples along the road was 30 m. STATISTICA software package was used for statistical analysis of the data. Biodiversity assessments were calculated using the PAST software package. SAGA and Q-GIS software packages were used for spatial analysis and mapping of the data. Results and Discussion. The key factor that influences the structure of earthworm communities in the area of road transport impact is the distance from the source of impact. The maximum values of the dominance, Margalef and Berger–Parker indexes and the number of species are observed in areas near the motorway, while the values of the Shannon, Simpson, Menhinik and Brillouin indexes have the opposite trend. There is a correlation between the spatial variability of the structure of earthworm communities and the values of reflectance in the bands B3, B5, B11 of the Sentinel-2 satellite image. It allowed us to apply a geographically weighted regression algorithm with several predictors that indirectly reflect environmental parameters to the data. Conclusion. The results obtained show that the use of predictors allows us to obtain a more mosaic model of the distribution of indicator values compared to interpolation by kriging, which can be used to predict the values of earthworm biodiversity indicators within the study area.

СВЯЗЬ МЕЖДУ КЛЕТОЧНЫМ СТАРЕНИЕМ И ИЗМЕНЕНИЯМИ КОЛИЧЕСТВА И РАЗМЕРОВ ФОКУСОВ ФОСФОРИЛИРОВАННОГО ГИСТОНА Н2AX В ОБЛУЧЕННЫХ ФИБРОБЛАСТАХ ЧЕЛОВЕКА

Purpose: To analyze the relationship between cellular aging and changes in the number and size of phosphorylated histone H2AX (γH2AX) foci in human fibroblasts and their descendants (up to 15 passages) after exposure to low and high doses of X-ray radiation. Material and methods: The work was performed on a culture of human skin fibroblasts. Cells were irradiated in the exponential growth phase on an X-ray biological unit RUB RUST-M1 (Russia), equipped with two X-ray emitters, at a dose rate of 40 mGy/min (dose 100 mGy) or 850 mGy/min (doses 2000 and 5000 mGy) and temperature 4˚C. Immunocytochemical staining was used to assess the number and size of γH2AX foci and the proportion of proliferating cells using antibodies to γH2AX and Ki67 (a cell proliferation marker protein), respectively. To assess cellular senescence, the proportion of cells positive for senescence-associated β-galactosidase (CA-β-gal(+)) was analyzed. Statistical and mathematical analysis of the obtained data was carried out using the statistical software package Statistica 8.0 (StatSoft). Results: The studies showed that irradiation of cultured human fibroblasts at a low dose (100 mGy) does not lead to statistically significant changes in the number and size of γH2AX foci, as well as the proportion of non-proliferating and senescent cells in the progenies of irradiated cells up to the 15th passage after irradiation. The phenomenon of aging-associated persistence of an increased number and size of γH2AX foci in passages of cells irradiated at a dose of 5000 mGy was discovered. Mathematical analysis of the relationship between changes in the proportion of CA-β-gal(+) cells, the number and size of γH2AX foci in populations of irradiated cells indicates that radiation-induced cellular aging is more associated with the size, rather than the number, of γH2AX foci.

Economic and mathematical model of residential property prices in Dnipro city

The paper develops an economic-mathematical model of housing prices in Dnipro city. Data for 2024 were collected, which included: Price per square meter (US dollar); Distance from the center (km); Total area (square meter); Number of rooms; Floor; Type of walls; Repair; Availability of autonomous heating; Height difference; View of windows; Guest bathroom; View of the ceiling; View of the hall floor; Guest area; Bedroom; Floor in the kitchen; Bathroom floor; Type of heating batteries; Ceiling height; m; Residential area (square meter); Kitchen area (square meter); Balcony/loggia; Air conditioners; Bathroom; Kitchen furniture; Bathroom furniture; Bedroom furniture; Furniture in the living room; Machinery; Availability of Wi-Fi; Bathroom area (square meter); Lighting devices in the kitchen; Lighting devices in the bathroom; Lighting devices in the bedroom; Lighting devices in the living room; Year of construction of the building. 24 classifiers were created to determine quantitative signs of qualitative characteristics of housing, in which class numbers start from 1. Based on these data, k-means clustering was carried out, as a result, 6 different classes were formed. An economic-mathematical model was created for each class, built on the basis of neural networks implemented in the Statistica software package. Each grid included three layers, and the hidden layer had at least 50-100 neurons. The quality of the model for each class ranged from 75% to 100%. Classification by the method of neural networks was preceded by a check of the level of correspondence of the previously found class of the object. It was recognized that in 70% of the objects, the class coincided with the significant class by the k-means method. The calculation of the price of a new apartment begins with the classification of its parameters with the determination of the number and the choice of the cluster to which it should be assigned. Next, the price is calculated according to the model of the corresponding cluster. Since for some clusters from 2 to 5 models are calculated, the average of the predicted price is found, and its standard serves as a possible border for trading between the buyer and the seller. Checking the accuracy of the model on data that was not included in the construction of the model showed an average deviation within 7 %.

Comparative Analysis of the Performance of Artificial Neural Networks in Assessing the Technical Condition of Steel Ropes

Introduction. Currently, artificial neural networks (ANN) are successfully used for technical diagnostics of steel ropes. Expensive software products with an adapted neural network implementation environment, such as STATISTICA, Amygdala, MatLab Simulink, are often used for this purpose. The most affordable way to build and train an ANN, from a financial point of view, is to write your own program code using interactive libraries such as TensorFlow, PyTorch, Scikit-learn. However, such libraries are not fully adapted for building an ANN, and to use them you need to have basic programming skills. As a result, the quality of an ANN depends not only on its architecture, training data, and composition, but also on the environment in which it is built. The aim of the work was to compare the quality of the ANN, built and trained by various methods according to the criterion of test network performance, confidence levels for assessing the technical condition of the rope, as well as the complexity and speed of training. For this purpose, new software has been developed to solve the problem of assessing the technical condition of a steel rope using a combination of various rejection indicators. Materials and Methods. The basis for an ANN training was a statistical database of typical damages of steel ropes and, an expert assessment of the technical condition of steel ropes. The software was written in the Python programming language. Various methods of programming a neural network were presented: an ANN built on the basis of the STATISTICA software package and an ANN built using the interactive Scikit-learn library. Ten test samples were prepared to verify the operation of the ANN. The ANN quality was assessed based on the test network performance and confidence probabilities (activation levels of the “winning” neuron) of determining the technical condition of the rope. Results. The construction of the ANN using the interactive library Scikit-learn showed a relatively high complexity of construction and a relatively low learning rate of the ANN. Test performance of the network, with a test sample size of ten, turned out to be the same for both built ANNs. At the same time, there was a difference in the indicator of the average confidence level for determining the technical condition of a steel rope between the results of the ANN built on the basis of the STATISTICA software package and the ANN built using the Scikit-learn interactive library. Discussion and Conclusion. The results showed that the ANN built using the STATISTICA software package with the same architecture and network learning parameters had more optimal software algorithms according to the criteria of confidence probability and network learning speed in comparison with the ANN built using the free Skicit-learn library. However, the indicator of the ANN test performance turned out to be the same for both ANNs. This result justified the use of TensorFlow, PyTorch, and Skicit-learn libraries by the world's leading research and commercial centers in the field of artificial intelligence. The obtained scientific result allows us to numerically evaluate and compare the quality of an ANN having the same architecture and learning parameters, but built using different methods. This will be useful for future scientific research in the field and for selecting the optimal environment for constructing ANNs in industrial applications.

General features of existential depression in youth

IntroductionThe axial symptom of existential depression in youth is overvalued ideas about the meaninglessness of human life, its inconsistency with a certain “spiritual self-ideal”; ideas of humiliation, insolvency, low value, imperfection of society are noted, which accompanies varying degrees of severity of suicidal thoughts. The high suicidal risk, insufficient knowledge of such conditions makes it important to study.ObjectivesDetermination of the clinical and psychopathological consequences of existential depression in youth.Methods53 male 16-25 years old with F31.3, F31.4, F32, F33 (ICD-10) with the existential depression were examined with clinical-psychopathological method, psychometric assessment of depression was carried out using the HDRS scale, assessment of suicidal intentions - using the C-SSRS scale. Also were analyzed: premorbid personality structure, hereditary burden in first-degree relatives, the role of exogenous provocations. Statistical data processing was carried out using the STATISTICA software package 10.0 for WINDOWS (StatSoft, USA, was used Pearson χ² test, Student t-test. The critical level of statistical significance is p ≤ 0.05.ResultsA significant role in the manifestation of existential depression was played by exogenous provocations (χ²=9.47, p=0.05), especially psychotrauma: the most common were the death of a close relative or friend, unrequited love, and failure to enter the desired university.According to the premorbid personality structure schizoid (56.7%) and psychasthenic personalities (30.2%) prevailed. When assessing hereditary burden (χ²=9.59 p=0.047), pathocharacterological features were noted in first-degree relatives in 32.1% cases, affective disoders in 26, 4%.In terms of social and labor status (χ²=9.47, p=0.05), university students naturally predominated (56.6%). The average age of onset of depression was 17.8 ± 1.2 years, duration 3.7 ± 1.5 months. Non-suicidal self-harm was observed in 32.1%, especially in the initial stages of depression. Among suicidal tendencies (χ²=9.58, p=0.048), anti-vital thoughts (50.9%) and passive suicidal thoughts (34%) dominated; 5.7% of patients attempted suicide. On the HDRS scale, patients scored an average of 18.2±1.7 points, which reflected the severity of depression; the total score on the C-SSRS scale was 2.12±0.34.ConclusionsIn the formation of existential depression, a significant role of exogenous provocations, especially psychotrauma, was discovered; a high suicidal risk was confirmed. Existential depressive states differed in duration; patients of the identified typological varieties scored high on the HDRS and C-SSRS scales. In the future, it is planned to study the follow-up group for the purpose of a detailed analysis of the dynamics of such conditions and their nosological affiliation.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Стан вивчення поліморфізму окремих генів у виникненні бронхіальної астми

The study of the polymorphism of individual genes is the basis of both preventive medicine and is used in the selection of adequate therapy. Polymorphism of individual candidate genes in bronchial asthma (BA) is studied taking into account many personal characteristics and the influence of environmental factors. Aim - to analyze the status of the study of the role of polymorphism of β2-adrenoceptors (ADRβ2) in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma in children and to compare them with our own findings. Materials and methods. The results of research on polymorphism of individual genes in children with BA, which includes the PubMed database, were analyzed. An in-depth study of the anamnesis data (disease, life, hereditary), a complex clinical and laboratory examination of children (n=101) of school age with BA was carried out (the average age was: for boys 11.15±0.48 years; for girls - 10.63±0.7 years). Patients were diagnosed with BA in accordance with the GINA recommendations of the current revision. Determination of the Arg16Gly polymorphism of the ADRβ2 gene (rs 1042713) was performed by the polymerase chain reaction method followed by restriction enzyme analysis. The obtained data were processed in the Statsoft STATISTICA software package. Mean values were given as (M±m), Student's test was used for comparison. Results. The assessment of the frequency of polymorphism of the Arg16Gly gene in BA established that two variants prevailed in boys: Arg16Gly and Gly16Gly; at that time, the Gly16Gly genotype prevailed among girls, which, according to individual studies, is associated with good effectiveness of the applied therapy (nebulization of salbutamol). Mutations in the ADRβ2 gene in patients with BA were twice as frequent in the Arg16Gly genotype and three times as frequent in the Gln27Glu genotype, in contrast to healthy children. Such a polymorphism affects the functional activity of ADRβ2, the occurrence and course of BA. Conclusions. The Arg16Gly polymorphism of the ADRβ2 gene in children with BA largely determines the sensitivity of ADRβ2 to the applied exacerbation therapy and the effectiveness of basic treatment. In patients with the Gly16Gly genotype, most researchers note the good clinical effectiveness of both fast broncholytic drugs (β2 short-acting agonists) and basic anti-inflammatory drugs. The diagnosed homozygous Arg16Arg genotype of the ADRβ2 gene mostly accompanies the uncontrolled (or partially controlled) course of asthma in children. The revealed features of the Arg16Gly polymorphism of the ADRβ2 gene will help the doctor to draw up an adequate treatment plan, which is based on the genetically determined sensitivity of ADRβ2 receptors to medical preparations. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.

CHARACTERISTICS OF ANTHROPOSCOPIC FEATURES IN PERSONS WHO HAVE COMMITTED CRIMES AGAINST HUMAN LIFE AND HEALTH

Dermatoglyphics is currently a subject of research by specialists in various fields of knowledge. The reason for this is that the study of the comb pattern of the hands and feet is widely used in various medical and non-medical fields, because the dermatoglyphic constitution is a genetically determined trait that remains unchanged throughout life, which closely correlates with other human characteristics, predisposition to certain types of diseases, etc. Also, papillary pattern prints can give us the opportunity to predict deviant processes of personality development.&#x0D; Aim of the work. To identify factor phenotypic features in individuals prone to crimes against human life and health.&#x0D; Materials and methods. In the course of this study, anthroposcopic parameters obtained from 50 persons, male and female, aged 18 to 59 years, who were convicted of crimes against human life and health (CGLH) were analysed: intentional murder (Article 115 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), negligent homicide (Article 119 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), intentional murder of a mother of her newborn child (Article 117), intentional grievous bodily harm (Article 121 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), intentional bodily harm of moderate gravity (Article 122 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), intentional light bodily harm (Article 125 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine). of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), intentional bodily harm of moderate severity (Article 122 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), intentional light bodily harm (Article 125 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), torture (Article 127 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), leaving in danger (Article 135 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) and 50 persons of the control group (CG).&#x0D; Anthroposcopic (descriptive) parameters were obtained by means of a verbal description that does not contradict generally accepted standards (Ginzburg V.V., 2000; Kozan N.M., 2018). Statistical calculations were performed using the software package STATISTICA 12 for Windows (licence number ZZS9990000099100363DEMO-L).&#x0D; Results. It has been established that for the group of premeditated murderers, the following factors are factor: skin colour (p=0,000), hair colour (p=0,017), hair type (p=0,000), facial features (p=0,023), forehead slope (p=0,004) and the shape of the lower jaw (p=0,000) showed statistically significant differences, and for a number of indicators such as forehead height (p=0,072), forehead width (p=0,060) and cheekbone shape (p=0,056), differences were observed at the level of statistical trend.&#x0D; Conclusion. The presence of factor phenotypic signs indicating a predisposition to criminal acts of varying severity will allow the use of a computer neural network program to predict the propensity to commit offences.

ПОСТРАДИАЦИОННЫЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ КОЛИЧЕСТВА ФОКУСОВ ФОСФОРИЛИРОВАННЫХ БЕЛКОВ H2AX И AТМ В МЕЗЕНХИМАЛЬНЫХ СТВОЛОВЫХ КЛЕТКАХ ЧЕЛОВЕКА, ОБЛУЧЕННЫХ РЕНТГЕНОВСКИМ ИЗЛУЧЕНИЕМ В МАЛЫХ ДОЗАХ

Aim: To study the patterns of changes in the number of foci of phosphorylated DNA double-strand break repair proteins H2AX (γH2AX) and ATM (pATM) in cultured human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 1‒48 hours after exposure to X-ray radiation at doses of 40, 80, 160 and 250 mGy. Material and methods: We used the primary culture of human MSCs, obtained from the collection of LLC “BioloT” (Russia). Cells were irradiated using a RUB RUST-M1 X-ray biological unit (Diagnostika-M LLC, Moscow, Russia) equipped with two X-ray emitters at a dose rate of 40 mGy/min (voltage of 100 kV, an anode current of 8 mA, and a 1.5 mm Al filter) and 4 °C temperature. To quantify the yield of γH2AX and pATM foci immunocytochemical staining was carried out with the use of γH2AX and pATM antibody respectively. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out using the statistical software package Statistica 8.0 (StatSoft). To assess the significance of differences between samples, Student’s t-test was used. Results: It was shown that the kinetics of changes in the number of γH2AX foci after irradiation at doses of 160 and 250 mGy and low (40‒80 mGy) doses are significantly different. In contrast to the significant (50‒60 %) decrease in the number of γH2AX foci observed 6 hours after irradiation at doses of 160 and 250 mGy, after irradiation at low doses, no significant decrease in γH2AX foci was observed at this time point. Analysis of the colocalization of γH2AX foci with pATM foci indicates that the mechanisms for maintaining a high number of γH2AX foci 24‒48 hours after low-dose irradiation are ATM independent. A hypothesis has been put forward to explain the phenomenon of maintaining the number of γH2AX foci 24‒48 hours after irradiation in low doses by replicative stress caused by stimulation of proliferation against the background of hyperproduction of free radicals, resulting in additional formation of DNA double-strand breaks and phosphorylation of H2AX by ATR kinase.

УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ЖИЗНЕННЫМ ЦИКЛОМ ЗДАНИЯ НА ЭТАПЕ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ МОДЕЛЕЙ ИСКУССТВЕННЫХ НЕЙРОННЫХ СЕТЕЙ И МАШИННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ

The use of artificial neural networks and machine learning methods for the analysis of heat loss in buildings is of significant relevance in modern construction. These technologies are highly accurate and efficient in data processing. Artificial neural networks have the ability to analyze vast amounts of information and identify complex patterns, which significantly increases the accuracy of determining heat loss in buildings. In turn, machine learning methods make it possible to take into account various influencing factors, such as geographic location and meteorological conditions, thereby making a significant contribution to improving the quality of analytical results. Such approaches provide more reliable and accurate conclusions, which is critical for effective energy management and reducing heat loss in buildings. In this article, the authors conducted a study of heat losses of buildings and their prediction at the operational stage using artificial neural networks and machine learning methods. The technique is based on the analysis of data on heat loss and their relationship with various building parameters. Forecasting was carried out using artificial neural networks in the Statistica software package and the machine learning method based on the scikit-learn library. The proposed approach allows you to effectively manage the energy consumption of a building, optimizing its energy efficiency and improving the life cycle management of a capital construction project. The results demonstrate the high accuracy and convergence of the model with actual values, as well as its ability to predict performance.

МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ И ИХ СТРУКТУРНЫЕ ПОДРАЗДЕЛЕНИЯ, РАСПОЛОЖЕННЫЕ В СЕЛЬСКОЙ МЕСТНОСТИ

Significance. Provision of equal access to health care regardless of the patient's place of residence is a priority direction of the healthcare development. Identification of problems and development of organizational activities to develop medical infrastructure in rural areas are being currently prioritized. As many researchers note, the recent transformations of the healthcare system failed to yield the expected results in rural areas, including to attract and retain health workers. It should be pointed out that issues related to care access in rural areas are also associated with factors that are less dependable upon the healthcare system, namely, ensuring transport accessibility and increasing the socio-economic level of rural life. The presence of these factors requires a special approach to solving problems characteristic of rural areas. In this regard, it is highly relevant to study the provision of rural areas with a network of medical organizations, units, as well as basic resources. The purpose of the study was to conduct a retrospective analysis of medical infrastructure (medical organizations and their structural units) and available basic resources in rural areas in 2016 - 2022. Material and methods. The study used statistical materials “Rural Health Care in Russia” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation in 2016–2022, prepared using the Medstat program and data extraction from federal statistical observation form No. 30 “Information about a medical organization” on doctor staffing level of medical organizations in the Russian Federation, federal districts and constituent entities of the Russian Federation in 2016-2022. Four constituent entities of the Russian Federation (Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics, Kherson and Zaporozhye regions) were not included in the analysis. The study used analytical and statistical methods. Descriptive statistics was conducted using the software package Statistica version 13.3. Results. Organization and development of the network of medical organizations in rural areas is carried out with due regard to regional peculiarities. The analysis shows that the infrastructure of medical organizations and their structural subdivisions located in rural areas is being developed due to mobile forms of work, set up of a network of rural outpatient clinics and increasing capacity of polyclinics. Conclusion. The study shows that organization of a network of medical organizations in rural areas has its own peculiarities: specific subdivisions and forms of work of medical specialists are being developed. In Russia, over the last seven years, due to reorganization (consolidation) of the network, the number of independent medical organizations has decreased by 16.2% with an active introduction of mobile forms of work. During the period under study, the number of medical outpatient clinics increased by 10.7%, mobile paramedical and midwifery station and health posts - almost 10-fold and mobile medical teams - by 15.5%. Another important positive aspect is the increase in the planned capacity of outpatient and polyclinic units in rural areas. The established trends suggest a higher access to medical care for rural dwellers. Negative trends have been identified as well: from 2016 to 2022, bed capacity decreased by 9.7%, and the share of buildings in emergency condition and subject to demolition increased from 1.28 to 3.88% or by 2.6 p.p. Scope of application. The study results may be of interest to health administrators, practicing physicians, residents and graduate students of medical universities.

Comorbid pathology of the mammary glands and endometriosis: risk factors and prognosis

Aim: based on a retrospective analysis, the relationship between external genital endometriosis and comorbid breast pathology was established and risk factors were identified, their comparison and the formation of a prognostic risk criterion were determined. Materials and Methods: to address the objectives of the study, a retrospective analysis of 470 cases of patients treated for external genital endometriosis after surgical treatment and comorbid breast pathology was conducted. The control group included 30 healthy non-pregnant women. Statistical processing was performed on a personal computer using the statistical software package Statistica 10. Results: As a result of the analysis, the age of the patients ranged from 23 to 40 years. The average age of patients in the study group was (32.2}1.18) years, and in the control group (31.1}1.35) (p&gt;0.05). The groups were homogeneous in terms of age (p&gt;0.05), marital status (p&gt;0.05) and level of education (p&gt;0.05). Close relatives in 208 (44.25}2.18) % (OR=8.86; 95 % CI: (0.68-10.53); p&lt;0.002) cases suffered from benign (hormone-dependent) tumours and tumour-like diseases of the uterus and appendages in isolation or in various combinations (fibroids, adenomyosis, endometrial hyperplasia). It was also found that 102 (21.70}1.67) % of patients had endometriosis, which may indicate a genetic predisposition to this disease. In the closest relatives of EM patients: in 118 (25.10}2.01) % of the examined parents, breast problems were noted, in 66 (14.04}1.12) % – diabetes mellitus, and in 98 (20.85}1.22) % thyroid diseases were detected, which in total amounted to (60.00}2.23) % (OR=9.12; 95 % CI: (0.58-11.54); p&lt;0.002). Early menarche almost tripled the risk of EM (OR=2.72; 95% CI: (1.02-5.11); p&lt;0.002), and menstrual irregularities doubled it (OR=2.04; 95% CI: (1.09-3.14); p&lt;0.05), higher education, urban residents – 2.2 times higher (OR= 2.27; 95 % CI: (1.11-3.63); p&lt;0.05), diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatobiliary complex – 5.2 times higher (OR=5.27; 95 % CI: (1.89-12.03); p&lt;0.05), frequently recurrent inflammatory diseases of the appendages – 3 times higher (OR=3.14; 95 % CI: (0.91-5.14); p&lt;0.05), dysmetabolic manifestations (thyroid dysfunction) – 5 times higher (OR=5.11; 95 % CI: (1.61-9.503); p&lt;0.002). Conclusions: Thus, in endometriosis and dyshormonal diseases of the mammary glands, menstrual and generative function disorders, along with clinical symptoms of pelvic pain, dysmenorrhoea, autonomic nervous system disorders and sexual dysfunction, are significant components of this problem, initiating comorbidity processes in target organs in the setting of hormonal maladaptation. Therefore, these comorbidities become a trigger for the activation of systemic hormonal imbalance and become an urgent interdisciplinary problem that requires further study.

Патоморфологічні та морфометричні особливості гострого апендициту в дітей з цукровим діабетом І типу

Metabolic disorders caused by chronic hyperglycemia in the gastrointestinal tract of patients with type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) not only affect natural course of this disease but also modify clinical course of concomitant abdominal purulent-inflammatory diseases in children due to changes of the internal intestinal wall. Purpose - to analyze pathomorphological and morphometric features of acute appendicitis in children with T1DM. Materials and methods. We carried out a pathomorphological and morphometric case-control study of the surgical specimens (appendices and fragments of the peritoneum). Two groups were created: the Group I (n=11) - patients with acute appendicitis, peritonitis and T1DM; the Group II (n=24) - patients with acute appendicitis, peritonitis but without T1DM. Statistical analysis was performed using software package STATISTICA v.10.0 (StatSoft, USA). Results. There were signs of diabetic angiopathy in the Group I and a significant number of inflammatory cells, represented by a large number of segmented nuclear leukocytes - 431±18.2 in 1 mm2, plasma cells - 146±11.13 in 1 mm2, lymphohistiocytic elements - 196±23,32 in 1 mm2. The density of the inflammatory cell infiltrate was 773±36.2 cells in 1 mm2. Morphometric features of the Group II are as follows, number of segmented nuclear leukocytes - 228±15,7 in 1 mm2, plasma cells - 112±10,41 in 1 mm2, lymphohistiocytic elements - 132±21,2 in 1 mm2. The density of the inflammatory cell infiltrate was 773±36.2 cells in 1 mm2. Conclusions. There is an increase in the density of the inflammatory cell infiltrate, the number of neutrophils, plasma cells, and lymphohistiocytic elements in samples of appendices and peritoneum in children with acute appendicitis and T1DM in comparison with the Group II (p˂0.001). Furthermore, those specimens feature presence of hyalinosis, thickening of the vascular wall and partial obliteration of small caliber vessels. In the Group II (patients without T1DM), the parietal and visceral peritoneum had a large number of inflammatory elements and presence of macrophage elements upon normal histological structure of the microcirculatory vessels. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ АЛГОРИТМА МАШИННОГО ЗРЕНИЯ В БИОТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМАХ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ НЕЙРОННЫХ СЕТЕЙ

A review of the hardware design of machine vision systems is given in the work; the basic principles of image processing of biotechnical systems and the corresponding mathematical apparatus are considered using the example of the use of machine vision technology in digital dermatoscopy. The digital information extracted by the computer vision system is transferred to special software for image processing using machine learning methods, among which the work highlights the following: neural networks, regression, classification, and object detection. A classification of neural networks that are used for computer vision is given and a brief description of their practical application is given. The considered methods of computer vision systems in biotechnological practice using convolutional neural networks open up opportunities for improving the quality of visual diagnostics. A comparison with previously known methods for classifying digital objects was carried out in the work to analyze the effectiveness of using CNN. Analysis of the digital object by a convolutional neural network using the Statistica software package revealed different color regions. The accuracy of classification of areas of a digital object was 94.7%, which indicates a high accuracy of digital object recognition using CNN and is 1.5% more accurate than statistical classification methods.