Static Reactive Power Compensator Research Articles

Research on Building Power Quality Assessment and Control Technology Based on Online Monitoring

This study is to improve the assessment accuracy and control efficiency of building power quality by adopting online monitoring and integrating multiple technical indicators and control methods. A whole set of power quality technical index system is developed in the study, involving voltage deviation, harmonic voltage/current limit, and so on. The power quality indicators are quantitatively evaluated through standardization and weight determination. The assessment results show that the measured power quality indicators vary within the interval of 0 to 9, which verifies the effectiveness of the assessment system. In terms of control technology, this paper discusses in depth the static reactive power compensation (SVC) device and its role in improving building power quality, and confirms its efficacy in optimizing power quality through simulation experiments. This work not only successfully evaluates the building power quality, but also proposes practical control strategies, which provide theoretical and practical guidance for the stable operation of power systems and the further improvement of power quality.

Multistrategy Fusion Particle Swarm for Dynamic Economic Dispatch Optimization of Renewable Energy Sources

This paper presents a multistrategy fusion particle swarm optimization model for dynamic economic dispatching of renewable energy in distribution networks. The objective is to minimize active network losses and system voltage deviation while considering the integration of distributed energy sources and static reactive power compensators. The algorithm incorporates specific strategies, including a particle position change strategy based on the midpipeline convergence approach, a strategy for generating exploding particles near the optimal particles, and a particle velocity update strategy relying on the global optimal particle position. The inertia weights and particle position update methods of the simplified particle swarm optimization algorithm are also utilized. Simulation experiments are conducted on an IEEE 33 bus radial distribution system, demonstrating the effective optimization of system losses while ensuring system voltage stability. This research contributes to the scientific understanding of renewable energy integration in distribution networks and its economic dispatching.

A New Control Strategy of Hybrid Reactive Power Compensation System in Distribution Network

Reactive power compensation is an important measure to improve the power quality of distribution networks, especially with the increasing connection of distribution transformers, heavy industrial electrical equipment, and asynchronous motors, which generate a large amount of reactive power demand. Traditional reactive power compensation devices, such as fixed capacitors (FC) and thyristor switched capacitors (TSC), have some drawbacks, such as low response speed, harmonic generation, and switching shock. A static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is a flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) device that can provide fast and continuous reactive power compensation, but it also has some limitations, such as high cost, large capacity requirement, and low utilization rate. Therefore, hybrid reactive power compensation systems that combine FC or TSC with STATCOM have attracted much attention in recent years. Many researchers have proposed and studied different topologies and control methods of hybrid systems to overcome the disadvantages of single devices and achieve better performance. However, most of the existing hybrid systems are designed for low or medium-voltage distribution networks, and their performance under high-voltage distribution networks is still unclear. Moreover, the coordination control strategy of the hybrid system and its subsystems is also a key issue that affects the effectiveness and efficiency of reactive power compensation. In view of this, this paper aims to propose a TSC+STATCOM hybrid reactive power compensation system for high-voltage distribution networks, which optimizes the shortcomings of traditional reactive power compensation devices. The system uses the synergistic effect of TSC and STATCOM to achieve large-scale static reactive power and small-scale dynamic reactive power compensation and adopts a switching strategy based on an expert decision system. This paper introduces the working principle of each subsystem of the hybrid reactive power compensation system in detail and builds a simulation model of the hybrid reactive power compensation system under a high voltage distribution network on Matlab/Simulink platform. The simulation results verify the feasibility and excellent performance of the system control method in reactive power compensation and improving power quality.

Research on Reactive Power Optimization Control Method for Distribution Network with DGs Based on Improved Second-Order Oscillating PSO Algorithm

With the increasing penetration of distributed generation (DG) in the distribution network, the original network structure of the distribution network has been changed. In addition, the randomness and intermittency of renewable power generation will also have an impact on the voltage and power flow of the distribution network. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a reactive power optimization control method for distribution network with DGs based on second-order oscillating particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with a constriction factor. Considering the economic operation of the distribution network, the proposed control method realizes the coordinated operation of the DGs and battery group with the conventional static reactive power compensation device, so as to improve the voltage quality of the distribution network and reduce the system network loss. At the same time, an improved second-order oscillating PSO algorithm is proposed to improve the speed and convergence of the multiobjective algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control method is verified by using MATLAB/Simulink on IEEE 33 bus distribution network with DGs in both static and dynamic situations.

Power analysis of thyristor-regulated reactor with fully controlled semiconductor valves

Flexible AC transmission systems that are built by using modern advances in power electronics are key components of smart grids. The object of research is a thyristor-controlled reactor, which is used as part of a static reactive power compensator to control the reactive power in the transmission and distribution electrical networks of power supply systems. It is proposed to use two-operation semiconductor gates in the regulator, which made it possible to obtain qualitatively new adjusting properties. The analysis of reactor power under the mode of phase control of the conductive state of gates by setting the moments of their closing time was carried out. Analytical expressions for angular power characteristics of the main harmonic were derived. It was revealed that by regulating, based on the phase principle, the conductive state of ideal semiconductor gates, which are switched on in series with ideal inductance, along with the adjustment of reactive power, the phenomenon of consumption of active power from the grid at the main harmonic is observed. It is shown that the reason for this is artificially obtained, with the help of semiconductor gates, active-inductive nature of the angle of displacement of the main harmonic of the current in the reactor relative to the voltage of the power supply. The study results prove the effect of adjusting the active power by a thyristor-regulated reactor. Research involving a virtual model illustrated the adjustment of the active power component of a synchronous generator by the effect on the rotor speed during gate adjustment of reactor power. The active power resource obtained in the process of thyristor adjustment of the reactor is commensurate with its installed capacity

A vertical and horizontal crossover sine cosine algorithm with pattern search for optimal power flow in power systems

Most of the energy consumption is now being used to supply human demand for electricity, which has increased the burden of power system planning to some extent, and thus, researchers proposed solutions to the optimal power flow (OPF) problem. In such a background, flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices are widely used in modern power systems to alleviate human power demand and improve network congestion problems. This research proposes a better-quality sine cosine algorithm (CPSCA) based on a crossover mechanism and pattern search algorithm for optimizing multiple objectives, such as system generation cost and transmission losses when we have multiple types of FACTS devices in the power system. The proposed method uses sine and cosine theory and evolutionary strategy to continuously sample and update the framework and improve the quality of the solutions. The method uses a class of vertical and horizontal crossover operators and pattern-shifting techniques to find the optimal solution set. In addition, the Weibull probability density function was used in this study to model uncertainty in wind energy, while direct costs, penalty costs, and standby costs were considered in constructing the target model. Various types of FACTS devices, such as thyristor-controlled series compensators, thyristor-controlled phase shifters, and static reactive power compensators, are also inserted into the model as power in the target optimization problem. The proposed algorithm has experimented on an IEEE30 bus test system. Based on the experimental results, CPSCA achieves an optimal total cost of 806.0225 $/h. In terms of power loss of the bus system, CPSCA reduces the total power loss value from 2.042 MW to 1.41 MW compared to the original sine cosine algorithm, which is a 31% improvement and has an optimal power loss value. Therefore, the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is an effective technique for optimizing the optimal power flow of the entire power system and FACTS equipment.

Improvement of Grid-connected Reactive Power Compensation for Wind Farms Based on STATCOM

Due to the recent rapid development of wind power generation, people have higher requirements for the stability of wind power systems. The randomness and intermittency of wind farms are strong. When the system is disturbed, or the line fails, it is easy to cause voltage instability. In order to ensure the stable operation of the power system, it is necessary to set up a static reactive power compensation device (STATCOM) to provide reactive power in the power system. This paper simulates and analyzes the wind power generation system with a STATCOM device. The results show that the operation process of the wind power system with STATCOM is more stable.

Marginal Cost-Based Reactive Power Reinforcement Using Dynamic and Static Compensators

The main philosophy of this article is to develop customer-persuaded electric power tariff scheme, based on the composition of additionally required services. Ancillary services may be categorized into desirable and essential electric power market services and so independent system operator (ISO) looks into the rights of all the utilities involved in the electric power market for getting the most acceptable rate of electrical energy in favor of all. Reactive power compensation, one of the 12 ancillary services underlined by North American Electric Reliability Council (NREC) along with Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), is necessarily important to attend the voltage profile at load terminals. STATCOM, a dynamic compensator, has more advanced technologies over a fixed capacitor (FC), which is a static compensator; however, its involvement results in more financial burden to utilities. This article reinforces an adequate reactive power compensation scheme, for attending static and dynamic load disturbances, using ISE criterion-based proposed current-controlled STATCOM with FC in a grid-tied system. The composition of reactive power supplied by static and dynamic compensation is optimized using marginal cost, based on base and peak reactive power demand concept, keeping in mind the system frequency regulation. The results in terms of compensation scheme are compared for step changes in three load conditions and with and without static reactive power compensators.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ СТАТИЧЕСКИХ КОМПЕНСАТОРОВ РЕАКТИВНОЙ МОЩНОСТИ В СИСТЕМАХ ЭЛЕКТРОСНАБЖЕНИЯ БОДАЙБИНСКОГО ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОГО КОЛЬЦА

The issue of introduction of static reactive power compensators in the power supply systems of the Bodaibo energy ring is considered

Analysis of the Response of a Static Reactive Power Compensator to Instability and Failure in Electrical grids

The reliability of electrical power systems has led to the implementation of new equipment with reliable technology to solve transient failures, in recent decades flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) have been implemented in power grids, resulting in high levels of stability and control. One of the elements used is static VAR compensators (SVC), however there is very little information about the dynamic response of the device to network instability and electrical failures, for which Simulink analyses the response of the SVC. The device consists of a 47.1 MVar reactive power compensator and a 97.6 MVar inductive reactivator compensator, implemented in a three-phase 500 kV system. The results indicate the effectiveness of response against network instability while maintaining the stable voltage of the network, but against electrical failures the type and time of failure must be considered. In the case of phase-phase faults, the response of the SVC is limited with drops of 0.52 pu.

Impact of the Integration of a STATCOM Controlled by LQG/H2 Regulator in an Energy System

Nowadays, the reactive power consumption is becoming a serious problem for electricity network management. To overcome this problem, several solutions are proposed in the literature. In the present study, the static reactive power compensator (STATCOM) solution is used to keep the network voltage within its rated range. The STATCOM is modeled in the axes of Park reference frame and is driven controlled by a SVPWM strategy. Its control scheme is based on a multivariable Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG/H2) controller, which has the advantage of being applied to systems whose condition is not measured. Simulations are performed using the MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Results are presented, compared and discussed.

Advanced voltage control method for improving the voltage quality of low-voltage distribution networks with photovoltaic penetrations

As the number of photovoltaic (PV) power generators connected to the distribution grid increases, applications of on-load tap changers (OLTCs), power conditioning systems, and static reactive power compensators are being considered to mitigate the problem of voltage violation in low voltage distribution systems. The reactive power control by power conditioning systems and static reactive power compensators can mitigate steep voltage fluctuations. However, it creates losses in generation opportunities. On the other hand, OLTCs are installed at the bases of distribution lines and can collectively manage the entire system. However, the conventional voltage control method, i.e., the line drop compensation (LDC) method, is not designed for the case in which a large number of PV systems are installed in the distribution network, which results in voltage violations above the limit of the acceptable range. This study proposes a method to determine the optimal LDC control parameters of the voltage regulator, considering the power factor of PV systems to minimize the magnitude of voltage violations based on the voltage profile analysis of low-voltage (LV) distribution networks. Specifically, during a measurement period of several days, the voltages at some LV consumers and pole transformers were measured, and the optimal parameters were determined by analyzing the collected data. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified through a numerical simulation study using the actual distribution system model under several scenarios of PV penetration rates. Additionally, the difference in the effectiveness of voltage violation reduction was verified in the case where all the LV consumer’s consumer voltage data measured per minute were used as well as in the case where only the maximum and minimum values of the data within the measurement period were used. The results reveal that the proposed method, which operates within the parameters determined by the voltage analysis of the LV distribution network, is superior to the conventional method. Furthermore, it was found that even if only the maximum and minimum values of the measurement data were used, an effective voltage violation reduction could be expected.

Static Reactive Power Compensator Design, Based on Three-Phase Voltage Converter

At present, electrical network stability is of the utmost importance because of the increase in electric demand and the integration of distributed generation deriving from renewable energy. In this paper, we proposed a static reactive power compensator model with common direct current voltage sources. Converter parameters were calculated and designed to fulfill specifications. In order to ascertain the device response for different operating modes as reactive power consumer and generator, we developed the model’s power and control circuits in Matlab Simulink. Simulations were performed for different conditions, and as a result, the current and voltage waveforms and the circular power chart were obtained. This paper has theoretically proven it is possible to achieve the consumption or generation of purely active or reactive power by implementing a static reactive power compensator with common DC voltage sources.

Impact of the hybrid reactive power compensator on the power grid used a fuzzy PI regulator

The work presented in this article is a contribution to the problem of controlling reactive powers and voltages in an electrical network. Among these control tools, the static reactive power compensator (SVC) was chosen because of its simplicity of control. SVC is one of the Alternative Flexible Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices which help to solve the problems encountered in the operation of electrical networks, either on the distribution side or on the transport side. To increase its compensation efficiency in the face of harmonic currents which cause voltage distortion, we have introduced a three-phase harmonic filter. This new hybrid SVC is used to control the reactive power, the voltage and in addition to reduce the voltage distortion and the correction of the power factor in the electrical energy transport network. In order to improve its efficiency, two voltage regulation systems have been chosen in the control system for this compensator, the fuzzy PI regulator and the PIP regulator.

MATLAB Simulation Research on Static Var Compensator

TCR-TSC static reactive power compensator (SVC) is the most widely used in the field of power system reactive power compensation. This type of reactive power compensator can not only compensate the reactive power required in the power system, but also handle the over-compensation problem well. This paper will establish a MATLAB simulation model to simulate the TCR-TSC SVC, focusing on the dynamic reactive power compensation characteristics of the TCR-TSC SVC in suppressing voltage fluctuations. The simulation results show that the TCR-TSC SVC has a better dynamic reactive power compensation effect.

System of forming control signals by correction devices with creation of neural network patterns based on matrix analysis

The compensating devices are controlled in the structure of the automatic control system in conjunction with the sensors included in a particular node of the power grid. But the overall state of the local power grid for the reactive power flow is not considered. It is proposed to generate control signals to correction devices by processing the information obtained by monitoring from remote sensors of voltage and current of the distribution grid. It is possible to use the matrix method of forming the control signals to correction devices to adjust the grid parameters. To improve the energy efficiency of correction devices in the monitoring structure, it is proposed to use static reactive power compensators (SVCs) based on magneto-valve elements. The proposed distribution grid monitoring structure with the transfer of information over a local area network from sensors to correction devices makes it possible to stabilize the required grid parameters among consumers and minimize the loss of electrical energy from reactive power flow.

Повышение качества электроэнергии для потребления в нефтедобывающей отрасли

Currently, 50-60 percents of power consumption in oil fields falls on mechanized oil production. The specificity of the operation of a submersible electric centrifugal pump (ESP), powered by a submersible electric motor (SEM) as consumers of electricity, is due to their operation at a considerable distance from the earth’s surface, the variable nature of the load, the aggressiveness of the produced fluid, and the presence of an extended cable line. (Research objective) To study devices for improving the quality of electricity in the oil industry. (Materials and methods) The results of the survey of the parameters of power consumption of the Novoportovskoe oil and gas condensate field of the PREO «Yamal» Network district No. 1 Kust 18 KTP 10 / 0.4 kV No. 1 input-2. (Results and discussion) The results of studies of the parameters of electricity at the Novoportovskoye oil and gas condensate field have shown that it is advisable to use devices that improve the quality of electricity. Devices can be different, both in design and in scope. Such as voltage stabilizers, phase voltage balancing devices, reactive power compensation devices, filter compensating devices, active mains filters. (Conclusions) Having considered the variety of devices on the market that improve the quality of electricity, as well as devices that compensate for reactive power, it is advisable to use static thyristor reactive power compensators manufactured by JSC Electrointer, Serpukhov.

Using the constant current ‒ constant voltage converters to effectively reduce voltage fluctuations in the power supply systems for electric arc furnaces

AC electric arc furnaces (EAFs) are among the most common technological units for making high-quality steel. The use of furnaces is promising in the future as the production volumes of electric steel increase. These furnaces are powerful electrical installations exposed to the dynamic, asymmetrical, and nonlinear load, which adversely affects the quality indicators of electricity supply. Typically, this negative impact is reduced by connecting EAFs to high power energy systems or, in most cases, by applying different types of static reactive power compensators. Such approaches require considerable investment in the development of the power system or in the equipment of compensatory installations whose rated capacity is several times higher than the capacity of the furnace transformer. These approaches aim to reduce the effects of negative impact. It is possible to achieve the greater effect of limiting the negative impact, at smaller investments, by using an alternative approach that aims directly at the source of the negative impact. The approach implementation implies forming an external characteristic of the EAF power supply. The characteristic should be rigid in current in the region of furnace operating modes from operational short circuit to the rated load. In the region of modes from the rated load to idling, this characteristic should be rigid in voltage. Underlying the formation of this characteristic is a resonance converter, which ensures almost a stable value of the arc current under the furnace operating modes. This study has confirmed the significant benefits of the proposed approach, which proves more effective in improving the quality of electricity in the network. This makes it possible to use EAFs in smaller power systems and ensure the development of the industry at a lower investment

Economical Insertion of Static Reactive Power Compensators in Power Systems (Dept.E)

The appearance of flexible AC Transmission System (FACTs) controllers Is completely changing the way transmission systems are controlled and operated. Most facts controllers are basically based on variable shunt and/Qr series compensation of transmission systems. One of the most famous type of FACTs Is the Static VAr Compensator to r (SVC), which is basically used liS It ture for both voltage and voltage stability problems. However, SYC may also affects the Available Transfer Capability of the system (ATC), line Overload and losses. As the power system is economical1y operated, hence it is important to study the. economical effects of SVC on power system opera lion . This paper presents a construction of II complete Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) model (or SVC insertion into power system 10 select the best location and size for that insertion . Generally CBA is based on comparison between the cost and benefit for a specific alternative. In our case, the cost components are mainly the cost of the SVC device and its cost of installation anti maintenance. While the benefit components are that due to Improving voltage stability in terms of increasing the voltage stability margin (VSM), benefits due to extending the ATC, and the benefits as a result of n:iievillg line overloads in the system in terms of reducing the line overload (LO) and finally reducing the system losses. However for the same hardware the coast is the same. So, the. most economical alternative is the one with the maximum total benefit. This paper also, introduces a new Unified Index (UI) (or ranking contingencies Tile proposed C DA algorithm is tested for SVC in5ertion into the I EEE 26-bus system subject to contingencies.

New energy grid-connected power quality management system based on internet of things

As a clean and renewable energy source, solar energy has the advantages of inexhaustible, pure and pollution-free. Photovoltaic power generation is different from traditional thermal power generation in that it is more susceptible to external environmental factors. In addition, there are a large number of power electronic devices in the entire system. These various factors will bring a significant shock to the grid power quality after grid connection. The research of grid-connected power quality system is becoming more and more important. A series of researches are carried out around a complete three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected system, which are modeled separately, connected to the distribution network for simulation analysis, and analyzed the power quality impact on the distribution network. Based on the traditional disturbance observation method, this paper proposes a new MPPT algorithm that combines the constant-voltage tracking method with the three-point comparison method (an algorithm derived from the traditional disturbance observation method). This complete three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected system was connected to an IEEE 14-node distribution network, and the impact of grid-connected capacity and grid location on the power quality of different nodes in the distribution network was analyzed. An improved power management scheme is proposed. Finally, the paper analyzes the improvement of power quality by connecting a group of hybrid reactive power compensation device which is composed of static reactive power compensator and shunt capacitor. The results show that the voltage deviation is reduced and the harmonic content is reduced. It can be considered that this measure has achieved the purpose of power quality control to a certain extent.