Inclusive Statement Research Articles

Risks in the Practice of Modern Obstetrics

in the Practice of Modern Obstetricscontains more information than the title would indicate. After a slow beginning, subsequent chapters deal concisely with pressing problems not extensively treated in common obstetrics and gynecologic texts. The editor has achieved his goal of reviewing problems related to gestation that are relatively new to the practicing obstetrician or have seen major changes over the traditional concepts of obstetric care in a manner suitable for seasoned practitioners or new students. The first chapter, by Douglas, provides an excellent general statement of the prenatal risks, from the obstetrician's point of view. The following two chapters, Risks: A Pediatrician's Point of View and Risks in Prenatal Obstetrics add little to the initial, inclusive statement other than a slightly different orientation and a few illustrative case reports. One could have wished for more details from Yaffe and Catz on the effects of drugs and the

Rôle of volume and amino acid concentration in the feeding of Oncopeltus fasciatus on a liquid and a solid diet

The injection of 1 or 4 μl of distilled water into the haemocoel of the milkweed bug and subsequent uptake of amino acid solutions by the bugs indicated that the larger injected volume decreased uptake of a liquid diet. Injection of histidine and alpha aminoisobutyric acid caused a decrease in the amount of 0·1 M amino acid subsequently imbibed by the bug. Glycine and alanine had little or no effect on feeding. Glutamine had a stimulatory effect because high concentrations injected into the haemocoel increased subsequent uptake of 0·1 M glutamine. The larger volume of distilled water injected or imbibed also decreased feeding on a solid diet of milkweed seeds. The various concentrations of amino acids had different effects on subsequent feeding on the solid diet and no inclusive statement can be made regarding these effects; however, it is clear that amino acids in the haemocoel do effect subsequent feeding on a solid diet and that the regulation of feeding may be somewhat different on a solid and a liquid diet.

Politics of Southern Equality: Law and Social Change in a Mississippi County.

This path-breaking text deals with the effects of federal civil rights legislation on the behavior and attitudes of the inhabitants of a single county in Mississippi--Panola County. These effects are examined in the three civil rights areas of voting, education, and economic opportunities. By using this smaller example, Frederick M. Wirt's broader interest is to show how legislation can be used to effect social change on a large scale. The need to substitute empirical knowledge for abstract speculation motivates Wirt's study. Wirt restricts his study to one county but with conclusions on comparative studies that illumine the emerging political sociology of the South. The author sketches the historical setting of Panola County, emphasizing on the demographic, economic, and political developments in recent decades. He then examines what has actually happened in race relations as an effect of civil rights laws affecting votes, schools, and jobs. Wirt utilizes documentary material from federal, state, and county sources; local newspapers; and records from business and other groups. But his closer understanding comes from personal interviews. Because federal law is the dynamic factor setting the social system in movement, the author explains the interactions between public opinion, the President, and the Congress, which in the end resulted in the laws on votes, schools, and jobs. He also deals with the differing machinery of sanctions and enforcement. Law has a huge effect on social change; and Wirt draws from his empirical study a systematic, inclusive statement of the factors affecting compliance with law, in conditions of conventional biases.

Silius Italicus in England

THAT longest of Latin poems, the Punica of Silius Italicus, is not much read nowadays, even by the professional Latinist. excellent version which Mr. J. D. Duff brought out in the Loeb Library in 1934 renewed interest in the work for a while. But the general tendency for the last hundred odd years has been either to ignore the Punica or to castigate it about as Macaulay did in his essay on Addison;1 it has almost fallen into the oblivion that was its lot during the Middle Ages.2 There are, however, a number of English writers of the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries to say nothing of Macaulay himself in the first part of the nineteenth who show an acquaintance with Silius.3 Sometimes these authors were influenced by him; sometimes they just refer to him or quote from him. But mere citation proves how familiar a Burton or an Addison or a Gray was with the Latin poets. Furthermore, while finding some disparagement of Silius in the English men of letters whom we are about to study, we shall also find words of praise. On the whole, we shall meet with a more balanced criticism than the contemporary one, for those who judge have read the poet whom they are judging.4 most inclusive statement of Silius' fortunes in England is that made by W. C. Summers in his Silver Age of Latin Literature. He writes: in his Governour, Castiglioni [sic] in his Cortegiano, mention Silius without revealing the extent of their familiarity with his work; Montaigne occasionally quotes him; Dryden holds him worse writer but more of a poet than Lucan; Addison ... often cites and translates him in his Remarks on Italy, and one of these versions contains a line that may well the original of Pope's 'pale ghosts' that 'start at the flash of day.' Gray read him in Piedmont, Coleridge never (he is ashamed to say): Macaulay revenged a labour that was not of love by scribbling 'Heaven praised!' at the end of his copy and penning a criticism in the essay upon Addison.5 present paper is an attempt to expand what Summers has written about Silius in English letters to say a little more in connection with the British authors whom he cites, to give an account of some whom he has not cited, and to mention what references to Silian influence upon these writers I have found, whether I feel that it always really exists or not. English began to reminded of Silius' merits early in the sixteenth century. Vives recommends him in the plan of studies which he wrote for the young Charles Mountjoy in 1523.6 In Boke Named the Gouernour, published by Sir Thomas Elyot in 1531, the only specific reference to Silius comes in Book I, chapter x. Elyot has already suggested Aesop, Lucian, Aristophanes, Homer, Virgil, Ovid, and Horace for the reading of the yonge gentil man and now recommends the two Silver Age epic poets who had chosen Roman themes. The two noble poetis Silius, and Lucane, he explains,7 be very

Duties of the elementary‐school principal

Much has been written in regard to the function and duties of the elementary-school principal. A review of the numerous articles on the subject reveals the fact that the administrative phase of the principal's work has received chief emphasis. This emphasis came about in a natural way. When school systems grew so large that it was necessary for the superintendent to have assistance in the different school buildings, the principal was added to the scheme of things, and he was in those early days largely a local administrator in the particular school of which he was principal. A second reason for the emphasis which has been placed on this phase of the principal's work is the objectiveness of school administration. It is easy to classify and tabulate things which are objective; and, therefore, the objective features of any work are always seen first. Within more recent years the administrative work in school systems has become more or less a matter of routine, and the principal has had more time to devote to the problem of improving the classroom instruction in his school. The introduction of tests and measurements and the formulation of generally accepted principles of teaching have lent a certain objectivity to classroom instruction and have made possible the setting up of definite standards of supervision. With the development of the tools of supervision, which has placed the work on a scientific impersonal basis, has come a deeper consciousness of the importance of the principal's duty as supervisor of the elementary school. The principal will always have charge of the mechanical operations of his school plant, but the principal who is most concerned with educational progress in his school will realize more and more that administrative routine is important only as its facility of dispatch makes possible better conditions under which children may learn. The development of this larger conception of the principal's work makes necessary a more inclusive statement of his duties.