State Support Of Agricultural Producers Research Articles

Budgetary expenditures and the public financing of the agro-industrial complex: Trends and prospects

Subject. This article discusses the issues of State support for agricultural producers and financing of the agricultural sector. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the expenditures of the budgets of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Mordovia to finance agriculture and assess their changes and structure. Methods. For the study, I used general scientific and ad hoc data analysis techniques. Results. The article justifies the need for State budget spending to finance agriculture. It identifies the main and promising areas of financing of the agro-industrial complex at the federal and regional levels. In particular, the article proposes to provide State support to agricultural producers, taking into account the level of their development, which will help accelerate the development of the whole industry. Conclusions. Implementing the proposed measures to allocate funds of the State budget, taking into account the level of development of the regions, will help increase the profitability of agricultural organizations and create favorable economic conditions for their development.

Development of Agricultural Insurance of Crop Production in Regions of Southern Russia

State-supported agricultural insurance is a financial policy imperative in agricultural development. The purpose of the article is to study the current state of the development of agricultural insurance of crop production carried out with the state support of the regions of Southern Russia in order to determine the possibilities of expansion of its scope and increase of its accessibility. It was concluded that there had been significant changes in the market during the period under review. The article presents the analysis of agricultural insurance on the example of crop production carried out with the state support of Southern Russian regions. After 2014 there was a decrease in the activity in agricultural insurance both by insurers and insured. The dominant reason for a considerable drop in insurance in crop production has been the transformation of forms of state support for agricultural producers since 2017. It is the transfer to a “single subsidy”, which included all types of industry support costs that lead to the inability to pay crop insurance premiums in many regions, in particular South Russia. It should be noted that since 2016 there has been a decrease in the number of insurance copmpanies that have carried out insurance with state support. This was a result of the tightening of control over insurers by the Bank of Russia and the emergence of a mandatory requirement of membership in the National Union of Agricultural Insurers to those insurance companies that insured producers with government support. Thus, the changes of the terms of insurance subsidies became a threat to this form of support. Recently, there has been some modification of this form of support for the industry, and the task of the state is to consolidate this trend. The study concluded that the attraction of more insurance companies to regional markets, involvement of representatives of medium and small businesses in the agricultural risk insurance system, increased flexibility of insurance conditions with state support and improved quality of insurance payment procedures, possibility to independently determine the increasing factor for arable lands, compensatory subsidies written into agricultural crop insurance contracts will facilitate the access to this measure and expansion of this form of support.

АНАЛІЗ РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТІ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПІДТРИМКИ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА В УКРАЇНІ

State support for agricultural production is one of the priorities of the state on the path to sustainable economic development. That is why the financing of the agricultural sector, given its resource intensity and dependence on external factors, occupies an important place in the economies of the European Union and the world. This article considers the areas of state support for agricultural producers in Ukraine. On the basis of the comparative analysis the priority spheres of development of functioning of agrarian sphere are defined and the programs of their support from the state are defined. Support of agricultural production by the state is an important mechanism for implementing agricultural policy and should be based on economic, legal, organizational, social and other conditions to ensure financial stability of agricultural enterprises, increase food security, and improve the welfare of the rural population. To do this, agricultural producers need to provide economic conditions in the market that would contribute to the accumulation of sufficient own funds and unimpeded access to credit or investor funds. The main task of state support for agriculture is to promote the development of agricultural producers as a representative of the least protected industry in the market environment. Therefore, the main goal of the state should be to create conditions for the profitable operation of agricultural entities and provide them with a favorable environment compared to producers in other industries. After all, state support for agricultural production should establish a balance between agricultural producers and producers in other sectors of the economy. Therefore, in accordance with the needs of agricultural producers, state support should be provided using the following specific measures: support for producers’ incomes, state regulation of prices, subsidizing producers to purchase means of production, promoting market and production infrastructure, implementing regional programs, macroeconomic policy. In our opinion, at the present stage of functioning of agricultural enterprises are more rational areas of state support that contribute to the recovery of agricultural producers from the economic crisis and the effective functioning of agricultural production in Ukraine in the World Trade Organization.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКИ РАЗВИТИЯ МОЛОЧНОГО СКОТОВОДСТВА

The problem of improving state support for enterprises of the dairy product complex, in particular dairy cattle breeding, remains relevant. Its solution will contribute to the preservation of livestock and increase milk production. The current system of state support for agricultural producers in Ulyanovsk region in the form of subsidies for sold milk is inefficient, and only organizations that ensure an increase in milk yield, as well as maintaining milk production and calf output per 100 cows, can receive it. In addition, the amount of subsidy per 1 liter of milk sold is only 0.54 rubles. This does not stimulate the development of dairy cattle breeding in the region, as evidenced by the low growth rate of gross milk yield for 2014–2018. The sector’s efficiency in agricultural enterprises - the main producers of marketed milk - decreased by 6.0 percentage points, amounting to 21.9% in 2018. The purpose of the study is to develop proposals for improving state support for dairy cattle breeding in the Ulyanovsk region. In general, it should be aimed at preserving (increasing) the number of dairy herds and maintaining the productivity of cows not lower than the average regional value. The amount of the proposed subsidies under the state support program for dairy cattle breeding in the region may amount to 12.0 thousand rubles. per 1 cow, including 2.0 thousand rubles for the safety of the livestock, 10.0 thousand rubles - for the productivity of cows. With this approach, in 2018, 52.5 million rubles would have been required for state support for the development of the dairy cattle industry in agricultural enterprises in the region, the subsidy per 1 liter of milk sold would have amounted to 1.66 rubles

SUBSYDIOWANIE ROLNICTWA UKRAINY: GŁÓWNE KIERUNKI, PROBLEMY I PERSPEKTYWY

The article analyses the main forms of state support for agricultural producers of Ukraine for the period from 1991 to 2017 for the main types of agricultural products. Two areas of support for producers of livestock and crop products are considered: supporting the market price of products and subsidies from the state budget. The main problems of state support for the development of agriculture are highlighted, among which there is an imbalance in the support of commodity producers through direct subsidies and through the support of market prices by indirect regulatory methods. The paper considers the main directions of subsidies to the EU countries and develops proposals to improve the agricultural policy of Ukraine.

STATE SUPPORT FOR AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AND ITS IMPACT TO FORM RESULTS INDICES OF THE ACTIVITIES AT BRANCH ENTERPRISES

The financial support of agricultural producers at the expense of the state budget according to the of programs and regional peculiarities was analyzed. It was proved that the efficiency of activity at agricultural enterprises under modern conditions of management was impossible without an effective mechanism of state support. In Ukraine, it is implemented through programs financing envisaged by the legislation. The main ones are financial support of measures in the agro-industrial complex by reducing the cost of loans; development of farms; hop growing, laying of young gardens, vineyards and berry plantations and care of them; livestock raising. State support for agricultural producers is not only unstable but also significantly lower than that in Europe. In addition, the complexity and imperfection of the preparation process, the filing of documents and making a decision as to the payment of support led to the fact that not all amounts provided by the Law of Ukraine "About the Budget of Ukraine" are used. Therefore, a very small number of farming entities can use state funds, and farms of population i.e. individuals, are only able to receive a special budget subsidy for young cattle raising. Due to the artificial selection of enterprises that receive budget support, small and medium farms lose the prospect of further development. The above mentioned factors cause distortion in the objectives of state support for agriculture and do not contribute to the dynamic and stable development of the industry.The analysis of the used state support amount in the context of the administrative-territorial regions of Ukraine allowed to reveal a significant variation in its indices value per hectare of agricultural land and one agricultural enterprise that functioned during the research period. In addition, there was an uneven distribution of the state financial support amount concerning the regions with a share ranging from 28,7% to 1,2%. The calculated coefficients of pair correlation allowed us to conclude that the amounts of financial state support and the gross output of agricultural products at constant prices were closely interrelated.

State support for the investment development of agricultural producers in conditions of sanctions restrictions

The article deals with the issues of state support of investment development on the agricultural sector of the Russian economy. Based on the method of statistical groupings in the study, a disproportion in the distribution of state support for agricultural producers was revealed. The analysis of state support measures in agriculture showed that the mechanism of subsidizing the interest rate on investment loans for the purchase of agricultural machinery and equipment is mainly used. At the same time, subsidizing the interest rate on loans remains insufficient to expand the ability of agricultural producers to acquire innovative technology. The study adopted the methodology of Rosstat for the analysis of investment processes. In the sample of agricultural producers were large, medium, and small farms, which allowed identifying the main problems, the solution of which would contribute to the expansion of state support aimed at ensuring the flow of long-term capital in the industry. And on this basis will give stimulus to the investment development of agriculture. The research recommends to move to the use of measures of uncoupled support for investment development of agriculture. This is especially important in the context of economic sanctions, when limited opportunities to attract long-term capital to the industry from foreign markets of financial resources.

Cognitive modeling of factors of influence on the processes of formation and reproduction of fixed assets of agricultural enterprises

The features of financial support for reproduction of fixed assets of agrarian enterprises are considered in the article. These include quantitative and qualitative differences in the basic assets of agrarian enterprises, seasonal production, long payback period of capital investments, the reproduction in agricultural enterprises of a significant part of fixed assets in kind, unsustainable financial condition of enterprises and lack of collateral for obtaining long-term loans, undervalued value of fixed assets, no accrual of depreciation on land. For the agricultural enterprises of Ukraine, a cognitive model of the situation "Fixed Assets" was developed, which allows us to investigate factors that determine the possibilities of expanding their reproduction in the light of unstable conditions of functioning. On the basis of cognitive modeling, studies of a possible scenario for the transformation of this system in accordance with the purpose of management have been carried out and modeling the dynamics of the levers of directing the management influences depending on the chosen behavior. It is established that the most significant factors influencing changes in the system of fixed assets are: net profit received by enterprises of the agrarian sector of Ukraine, state support of agricultural producers, foreign investments in agriculture and financing of fixed assets on the basis of leasing. Based on a correlation-regression analysis based on the estimation of stable cause-and-effect relationships, establishing quantitative relations between random variables of the investigated process, conditional forecasts of changes in the size of fixed assets of agricultural enterprises are constructed.

Лізингове кредитування як інструмент капіталізації аграрного сектора України

The modern state of leasing lending of domestic agrarian enterprises is analyzed. It is proved that one of the most common methods of financing the technical re-equipment of production and providing long-term financial resources of business entities in developed countries is the use of leasing operations. Leasing lending to agrarian enterprises can be an alternative to bank lending, since it can significantly reduce start-up investment, and thus opens up wide opportunities for small and medium-sized businesses. It has been established that over the past years amount of leasing usage in the agrarian sector has tended to decline, which was mainly due to economic and political instability in the country. At the same time, the segment of agriculture, both in the branches of the economy, and by the types of leasing objects, occupies the second place after motor transport every year. Despite certain achievements of the state leasing company PJSC NJSC «Ukragroleasing», its monopoly position in the market of leasing services does not allow the development to private leasing companies distorts the leasing schemes and discredits the essence of leasing. The state support of agricultural producers should be based on the development of a more perfect mechanism of budget funds distribution, and full development of leasing in the agrarian sector should operate on the basis of market competition with the participation of both state and commercial leasing companies. The directions of improvement of leasing lending of agrarian enterprises to increase the capitalization level of the agrarian sector are offered. Significant potential for the development of leasing lending in Ukraine may be the improvement of the legal framework for leasing, the creation of a competitive environment in the leasing market, the use of vendor financing, the introduction of tax and investment incentives, availability of access to long-term financing through both domestic and foreign capital etc.&nbsp

Management of Reproduction of the Fixed Capital of the Agricultural Enterprises by Method of Economic and Mathematical Modeling

The state program for the development of agriculture and regulation of markets for agricultural products, raw materials and foodstuffs for 2013-2020 primarily aims to ensure the food security of the Russian Federation taking into account the economic and territorial availability of agricultural products, the achievement of which in modern economic conditions is not possible without the technical modernization of rural economy enterprises. However, the state support of agricultural producers in this direction does not lead to achievement of the specified indicators, while the rates of renewal of fixed assets against the background of growing wear continue to slow down. In addition, a low level of quality management in reproduction of fixed assets causes a decrease in the effectiveness of their use in agriculture. In the modern economic environment, the quality of management decisions is largely determined by the use of economic and mathematical methods and methods of economic research. The use of correlation-regression analysis made it possible to obtain a multifactor model for the efficiency of the use of fixed assets by agricultural enterprises in the Ulyanovsk region. Neural network analysis of factorial and resultant indicators conducted by the method of self-organizing Kohonen maps with the help of the software product Deductor revealed regularities of the "clustering" type and formed the rules of clustering. Analysis of the color gamut of the maps and cluster profiles showed that the most significant indicators for the return on assets which is the main indicator of effective management of fixed assets are the degree of renewal of fixed assets, current assets value per 100 rubles of fixed assets, the share of the active part of funds, the degree of depreciation of fixed assets. The analysis revealed that in the conditions of the Ulyanovsk region the effectiveness of fixed assets management is due to a higher degree of the fund renewal and the ratio of the current to fixed asset values, and also due to less wear rate.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ЭТАПА РАЗВИТИЯ МНОГОУКЛАДНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ

The theoretical bases and features of the modern stage of development of a multistructure economy in the agrarian sphere under conditions of institutional transformations are analyzed, the state of the agrarian economy is analyzed, factors that negatively influence the development of agricultural production are revealed. The necessity of improving the formation and maintenance of the effective functioning of a multistructure economy in the agrarian sphere, the substantial increase in the size of state support for agricultural producers, and the recommendations for the development of various forms of management are given. The need to implement a set of measures to create macroeconomic conditions for high-yielding management of representatives of all sectors in the agrarian sphere was proved.

THE STATE AND PROSPECTS OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE STATE POLICY OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR TRADE MANUFACTURERS

Посилення процесів глобалізації та загострення проблем забезпеченості продовольчою продукцією населення світу потребують подальшого розвитку вітчизняного агропромислового комплексу України як важливого в стратегічному плані сектору економіки країни та його інтеграції в світову продовольчу систему. В статті наведена порівняльна характеристика аграрного сектору України і європейських країн. Встановлено причини низьких обсягів прямої державної фінансової підтримки аграріїв в порівнянні з іншими країнами та низької активності залучення кредитних ресурсів в сільськогосподарське виробництво. Визначено переваги та недоліки існуючої моделі земельних відносин в Україні та її вплив на розвиток сільськогосподарського виробництва.Встановлено, що аграрний сектор є пріоритетним і стратегічним сектором економіки України, який впродовж останніх років показує позитивну динаміку розвитку, є ефективним в порівнянні з іншими галузями та займає значну частку в експорті сільськогосподарської продукції, тому є необхідність закріплення наявних результатів діяльності та збереження конкурентних позицій на світовому продовольчому ринку. Позиція аграрного сектора економіки в майбутньому залежить від рівня довготермінових інвестицій, його кредитування та державної підтримки сільськогосподарських товаровиробників. Зроблено висновки, що відсутність ринкового обігу сільськогосподарських земель звужує можливості залучати додаткові фінансові ресурси в аграрний сектор економіки, а запровадження прозорого ринку землі сприятиме розвитку конкуренції та підприємництва в сільськогосподарському виробництві, створенню умов для формування ефективного власника на селі, а в умовах нестачі бюджетних ресурсів та кризи банківської системи України забезпечення реальних можливостей для розвитку довгострокового кредитування товаровиробників.

“FUND” LENDING AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL OF STATE SUPPORT FOR FARMERS

The article is devoted to the topical problem of the development of agro-industrial complex, in particular, the development of the novelty model of agricultural lending. Experience of crediting of agriculture inRussiasince 1992 till now is considered. We provide a critical approach to the assessment of the current system of agricultural credit, which requires the presence of another economic incentive — the budget subsidy. Our purpose was a comprehensive author’s study of the problems of applying the practice of preferential agricultural lending, as well as the development of proposals aimed at improving the system of state support for the agricultural credit system. The methodological tools of the research include comparative methods of analysis, as well as analytical methods of cognition. We carried out the analysis of the models of crediting of farmers applied for the specified period and the main problems in practice of their application. As the most effective model of farmer’s lending defined “fund” model, used from 1997 to 2001. The main drawback of this system is the fragmentation of property interest in the subject of agriculture in a single loan obligation. The author developed a new system of agricultural lending, based on the “fond” model of the 90s. Its distinctive feature is dual targeting — for in economic entities (small and large businesses) and credit institutions (banks and credit cooperatives), while at the same time with maintaining a high level of state control (which is provided by a single source of credit resources — the state). The results of the study can be used in the development of both individual credit measures of state support for agricultural producers, and in the preparation of the State program of development of agriculture and regulation of markets of agricultural products, raw materials and food.

Evaluation of state support for agricultural producers and the priorities of regional development in receiving it

The analysis of the budget allocation for state support of agricultural producers in the form of financial support for reducing of the cost of credits, for development of livestock and returnable financial assistance to farmers is presented; directions for its improvement are suggested. The necessity of taking into accounts the priorities and perspectives of regional development in the allocation of funds between regions and actors pretending to receive it is substantiated

STATE FUNDING PROBLEMS AND DIRECTIONS IN AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

Urgency of the research. The importance of the study of existing problems, the most significant determining factors of influence and the main directions of state funding of the agricultural sector are obvious as agricultural production is a strategically important sector of national economy of Ukraine. Target setting. It is reasonable to study foreign experience on the financial state support of agricultural producers, rural infrastructure etc. in order to adapt to local realities and assessment of prerequisites for its use in Ukraine. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. International experience in public finance and state supporting of the agricultural sector were investigated by such shcolars as N. Buha, A. Gordeyev, A. Kalina, A. Nazarkevych, N. Trusov, Yu Ulianchenko A. Tsvirko and others. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. Researchers have not worked out the adaptation of foreign experience of state funding of the agricultural sector concerning food security provision of state agricultural policy. The research objective. It is necessary to examine existing problems and the current state of the agricultural sector to develop effective lines of public financing of international experience and a shortage of financial resources. The statement of basic materials. The authors classified the main problems of the agricultural sector in arising levels, solution requires public funding. Analysis of the current state of the agricultural sector and its main factors of economic growth is done. Foreign experience of state funding as part of the state agrarian policy in comparison with domestic realities is provided. The results of research can be used in the development and implementation of state program funding and budget supporting of agricultural production. Conclusions. The agricultural sector of the national economy Ukraine has considerable potential development, but the potential presence does not mean its automatic implementation, and existing problems in the field indicate that Ukraine needs a clear and prudent agricultural policy involving an effective mechanism and governmental support.

МЕХАНІЗМ ОПОДАТКУВАННЯ В СИСТЕМІ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПІДТРИМКИ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ТОВАРОВИРОБНИКІВ

Reforming the tax mechanism in agriculture should include not only the optimal size of the tax burden, but also responsible for the structure of payments and fiscal instruments applicable level of economic development of Ukraine in general and agriculture in particular. In the light of current integration processes in reforming the national system of taxation should be based on the fact that one of the basic principles of the WTO is no tax discrimination. This includes ensuring that national tax regime, in which imported goods granted the same tax conditions as domestic products. The article further scientific substantiation of directions of the national system of state support for agricultural producers, in particular through the mechanism of taxation.The reform of state aid involves creating comfortable conditions for small farms and stimulate production of products with added value. The main principles of state support should be targeted and transparency.

ДІАГНОСТИКА ПРОБЛЕМ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ РЕГУЛЯТОРНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ У АГРОПРОМИСЛОВІЙ СФЕРІ ВІТЧИЗНЯНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

Доведено необхідність та значимість державного регулювання функціонування суб’єктів господарювання агропромислової сфери. Виявлено проблеми державної регуляторної політики у агропромисловій сфері вітчизняної економіки та окреслено перелік напрямків їх усунення. Проведено дослідження сучасного стану державного регулювання функціонування суб’єктів аграрної сфери та його впливу на розвиток сільськогосподарських підприємств в Україні. Конкретизовано функції державного регулювання сільського господарства. Охарактеризовано організаційно–правові форми підприємництва, які використовуються в сільському господарстві України. Проаналізовані різні види підприємств, що провадять свою діяльність у сільськогосподарській сфері. Наголошено на необхідності законодавчого закріплення основоположних принципів державної підтримки сільськогосподарських товаровиробників, такі як системність і стабільність. Доведено необхідність державного регулювання функціонування підприємницьких структур у сільському господарстві. Проідентифікувались теоретичні й загальнометодологічні проблеми державного регулювання організаційно–правових форм сільськогосподарських підприємств. Деталізувалися правові проблеми державного регулювання сільського господарства в Україні. Обґрунтовано недостатню ефективність державної політики щодо створення умов формування кооперативних та інших некомерційних об’єднань сільськогосподарських підприємств у сфері виробництва та збуту сільськогосподарської продукції. Проводиться виявлення недоліків у організації та регулюванні агропромислового виробництва в Україні.

Research of dynamics and structure of budget support measures of agricultural production in Ukraine

The article analyzes the dynamics of state support of agricultural producers of Ukraine for the years 1995-2012 on the basis of indicators for assessing public support developed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. It was found that the greatest impact on the level of producer support in Ukraine have indirect support activities, namely market price support, which mainly has a negative value. Budget payments do not compensate the negative market price support. In recent years, there was a trend of decline in the support provided in the forms, the most trade-distorting. Among the measures of budget support is dominated by subsidies for use of resources. A comparison of the declared in the State Budget of Ukraine to support the agricultural sector amounts to the actual budget payments is conducted. Underfunding is established in most areas of support. The study showed that the main burden of supporting agricultural producers passed on the consumers. It was found that government policies of supporting producers in Ukraine are chaotic, solving the current problems, which is not conducive to the effective development of the agricultural sector.

IMITATING MODELING OF REPRODUCTION AS A TOOL OF STATE SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

It is now one of the main conditions to ensure food security in Russia is a stable development of the domestic production of high-quality agricultural products, which is the basis for the stability of the reproductive process in agriculture. The aim of the present work is to determine the parameters of rational reproduction through the use of simulation as well as the rationale for the most appropriate areas of state support for enterprises of the agrarian sector. The set of methodological and practical aspects of the process of reproduction in agriculture acts as a research subject. The object of the study are the large and medium-sized agricultural enterprises second natural-economic zone of the Stavropol Territory. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that the authors have developed a simulation model for predicting the process of reproduction, the use of which allows us to estimate the change of its parameters in the future, taking into account the impact of various economic factors. The study proposed differentiation of state support of agricultural producers, depending on the type of reproduction provided with them and with the requirements of the WTO. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2218-7405-2013-5-40

The meaning of the state support development of the region’s food reserves in the framework of the WTO

The article presents innovative directions of the state support of agricultural producers with the purpose of development of the region’s food reserves. It is established that the food reserves need to be one of the primary and effective way of development of region’s food independence and the food security of the state in the conditions of the WTO. Among the proposed measures for generating food reserves are organizational consulting activities and public investment. The state investments presented as commodity repayment financing, direct purchases and state-private partnership have particular importance. The implementation of such activities will contribute to the effectiveness agricultural production and enhance food independence of the regions, taking into account Russia’s membership in WTO, without any contradictions.