State Programs Research Articles

Digital Transformation of Archives in the Context of the Introduction of an Electronic Document Management System in Kazakhstan

Abstract The relevance of this study is conditioned by the significant importance of the organisation of electronic document management in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the broad prospects that open up during the digitalisation of state archives. The purpose of the study is to investigate the key aspects of the digitalisation of archives in Kazakhstan at the current stage of the country’s economic development. The basis of its methodological approach was a theoretical investigation of the processes of digitalisation of archival information under the conditions of practical application of the electronic document management system in the Republic of Kazakhstan, with the results obtained indicating the major significance of the digital transformation of archives in the context of the programmes Resolution of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 827 “About Approval of the State Program “Digital Kazakhstan” (2017) and “Information Kazakhstan-2020”: State Program (2021) adopted at the state level. The sequential transfer of archival information to digital media for storage offers numerous advantages over traditional paper media, with the state level in Kazakhstan regulating the digital transformation of archives and the adoption and use of a unified electronic document management system by enacting a number of laws that regulate a wide range of related issues. The introduction of an electronic document management system has also established numerous advantages, largely determining the significant prospects for the development of this system of interaction between organisations (state, public, legal entities, and individuals). The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of their application in the organisation of the activities of enterprises and organisations of the Republic of Kazakhstan that implement measures to digitalise archival data within the unified electronic document management system.

Insights from preventability assessments across 42 state and city maternal mortality reviews in the United States

BackgroundThe rising trend in maternal mortality over the past three decades sets the United States (U.S.) apart from all other high-income countries. Multidisciplinary state and city Maternal Mortality Review Committees (MMRCs) conduct comprehensive reviews of maternal deaths, including assessments of preventability and contributing factors. Objective(s)Assess preventability of and contributing factors to maternal mortality in the U.S. Study DesignThis study is a secondary analysis of cross-sectional, population-based data from the most recent, publicly available MMRC data from 40 state and 2 cities in the U.S. Preventability was analyzed among all deaths during pregnancy or within one year postpartum from any cause (pregnancy-associated deaths, PAD) and deaths during pregnancy or within one year postpartum from causes related to pregnancy or its management, but not from accidental causes (pregnancy-related deaths, PRD). We also explored preventability by cause-of-death and contributing factors grouped as community, patient-family, provider, facility, and health system factors. ResultsOf deaths that occurred after 2010, between 53%-93.8% of PADs and 45%-100% of PRDs were deemed preventable across the 42 states and cities. Across the ten states reporting PRD preventability by cause-of-death, MMRCs deemed preventable >90% of deaths from preeclampsia-eclampsia and mental health conditions, >80% of deaths from hemorrhage and cardiovascular conditions, about 70% of deaths from infection and thrombotic embolism, and about 40% of deaths from amniotic fluid embolism and stroke. A total of 3,345 contributing factors were described in MMRC reports from 14 states in relation to 739 PRDs. While collectively patient-family and provider factors were most frequently noted as contributing to PRDs, the contribution of such factors varied between 6%-56% and 18%-42.3%, respectively, across the states. Based on data from 20 MMRCs with available information, racism or discrimination were noted in relation to 37.7% of PRDs. ConclusionsA large proportion of PADs and PRDs in the U.S. are preventable. However, likely due to differences in MMRC membership, available data, and judgement employed to determine preventability, wide variation exists in the proportion of deaths deemed preventable and factors identified as contributing to such deaths across states. There is need to reevaluate the definitions, structure, and outputs for maternal death preventability assessments currently employed by a majority MMRCs to adequately inform state and national programming and policies.

Continuity of Operations in Newborn Screening: Lessons Learned from Three Incidents.

Three incidents that impacted two US newborn screening (NBS) programs highlight the importance of contingency planning for the continuity of operations (COOP). Other NBS programs may benefit from the experience of these state programs for their own contingency planning efforts. Through after-action reviews conducted post-incident, crucial elements for the successful management of an incident were identified. We detailed the strengths, weaknesses, improvements needed, and future actions that will assist in preparing for other incidents as lessons learned.

Tailoring opioid use prevention content for juvenile diversion programs with adolescents and their caregivers

IntroductionOpioid use (OU) skyrockets as youth transition into young adulthood, indicating adolescence is a critical time for prevention. The juvenile legal system (JLS) presents an ideal setting for OU prevention, as it is the single largest referral source for youth outpatient OU treatment, after self-referral. However, no OU prevention programs have been developed for youth in JLS diversion programs or their families. The current formative study established specific OU prevention needs and preferences of families in JLS programs, to guide future tailored prevention efforts. MethodsWe interviewed 21 adolescents with substance use and 20 of their caregivers referred by a JLS diversion program in the northeastern United States to explore their OU-related knowledge, personal experiences, motivations, and behavioral skills. We used a deductive qualitative analysis approach wherein data were analyzed using an a priori coding framework based on the Information Motivation Behavioral Skills model. ResultsCaregivers knew more about OU than youth, several of whom misidentified both opiates and non-opiates. Few participants reported a history of personal OU, though many knew of others' OU. Participants perceived several potential motivations for OU: mental health problems, relationships, life stressors, difficulty accessing preferred substances, and experimentation. Though often unfamiliar with the symptoms, participants were eager to learn skills to identify and manage a suspected overdose. ConclusionsYouth involved in a JLS diversion program and their caregivers were open to and eager for tailored opioid use prevention content to help them reduce risks. We discuss implications for OU prevention and intervention program development.

THE TECHNOLOGY OF THE PROJECT APPROACH IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AT THE LEVEL OF UNITED TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES OF THE DECENTRALIZED SYSTEM OF TERRITORIAL ORGANIZATION OF POWER

The article is devoted to the issue of project management implementation by public management bodies of the decentralized system of territorial organization of power, in particular the functional features and advantages of implementing project management tools in the activities of united territorial communities of Ukraine. It is determined that the project approach to project management today is one of the most popular ways of management in the modern world. The relevance of the widespread introduction of project management methodology and project approach in the practice of public administration as a new culture of management and effective tools for good governance in a crisis, instability and uncertainty is substantiated, solving industrial, scientific and social problems. It was concluded that the use of project management methodology at the national level of the decentralized system of territorial organization of power is both strategic and tactical in nature. In strategic terms, the project approach makes it possible to focus the efforts of public authorities on solving urgent problems of long-term development of society in its key areas, reducing tensions in the socio-political sphere, by increasing the efficiency of public authorities to strengthen their legitimacy and resilience to internal and external threats establish a stable partnership dialogue with communities and civil society institutions. In terms of tactics, budget savings, reduction of implementation of state programs and national projects, some optimization of government structures and improved coordination of public authorities, cooperation and public-private partnerships with business entities.

Directions of scientific research and legal acts on the managerial capacity of executive authorities

The article deals with the problem of forming the management capacity of executive authorities. The author analyzes scientific works and regulatory legal acts of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine on the efficiency of executive authorities and public administration reform. The author establishes the mutual correspondence between the areas of scientific research and the areas of practical implementation of state programs. The main directions of formation of managerial capacity are identified: regulatory, institutional, personnel management, mechanisms and procedures of managerial activity, interaction of executive authorities with the public, communication and information support, European integration of public administration. The author classifies the areas of scientific research and regulatory legal acts which are united in the imperatives of forming the management capacity of executive authorities. It is emphasized that an integrated approach is required in the formation of the management capacity of executive authorities, taking into account various areas and imperatives. The author emphasizes that a generalized characterization of the directions at the level of concepts or imperatives can serve as a comprehensive approach to the development of conceptual programs for reforming public administration.

The problem of the efficiency of criminal-legal protection of taxation in Ukraine

The paper analyzes the doctrinal definition of the taxation system of Ukraine as an object of criminal law protection. It was established that the criminal offenses provided for by Articles 204 of the Criminal Code and 212 of the Criminal Code encroach on one type of social relations - the taxation system. It is noted that the institution of legal responsibility, including criminal responsibility, is considered the most effective. It was determined that the resolution of conflicts and practical problems that arise during the qualification of the specified offenses is extremely important and precisely in today's realities and will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of criminal law protection in the field of taxation in Ukraine. Tax and contribution evasion are purposeful actions by taxpayers aimed at significantly reducing or completely avoiding the required payment to the relevant budget or trust fund. It should be noted that tax legislation is one of the most controversial and dynamic areas in Ukraine, constantly changing, supplementing, interpreting and adapting to new challenges of an economic and social nature in the country, while regulating and shaping tax policy. Changes and additions are often made to legislative acts in this area, which ensures flexibility of legal regulation of tax relations and at the same time violates such principles of construction and purpose of the taxation system as stability and affordability. We support the position of scientists that the object of criminal law protection is those social relations that are under the protection of criminal law. In the case of committing a tax criminal offense, on the basis of the norms of the criminal law, the criminal law qualification of the criminal act is carried out and the criminal law measures of influence are applied to the guilty person. Therefore, the issue of increasing the effectiveness of criminal law protection in the field of taxation in Ukraine, solving conflicts and practical problems that arise in the qualification of the specified offenses and legal assessment of committed actions, improving the conceptual apparatus is extremely important and relevant precisely in today's realities, because the financial security of the country is not the most important component of ensuring the possibility of implementation of state programs.

The nexus of fertility and politics: exploring the influence of social tolerance, religiosity, and political conservatism on the acceptance of assisted reproduction in Spain.

How do individual religious, political, and social tolerance orientations influence the acceptance of ART among Spanish citizens? Social tolerance and religiosity are predictive factors for the acceptance of ART, with more tolerant individuals and those with lower levels of religiosity being more accepting of ART; political conservatism mediates the relationship between social tolerance and acceptance of ART, particularly for left-leaning individuals. The rapid advancement of ART has raised questions about its societal acceptance, especially in the context of religious, political, and social beliefs. The analysis utilized data from the combined Europe Values Study and World Values Survey, comprising cross-sectional national surveys from 1981 to 2021. Each country's population was surveyed a maximum of seven times and a minimum of two times during this period. This study uses the cross-sectional data of 2021. After filtering for Spanish citizens and deleting cases with missing key variables, a sample of 1030 valid responses from Spanish citizens was obtained. Quotas were set for sex, age, and educational level, following guidance from the Spanish Statistics Institute. The study surveyed participants' attitudes towards ART, their religious and political orientations, and collected demographic information. The sample consisted of 51.7% women, most respondents were married or in common-law partnerships, and 61.6% had children. Catholicism was the dominant religion (53.0%) and a majority had completed secondary education (66.2%), with half earning over 1400 euros per month. Using two linear models to test hypotheses, the study found that social tolerance and religiosity significantly predict acceptance of ART, with more tolerant and less religious individuals being more accepting. Political conservatism mediated the relationship between social tolerance and ART acceptance, particularly among left-leaning individuals. This study is cross-sectional and based on self-reported data, which may have limitations. Additionally, the findings are based on a Spanish sample and may not be universally applicable. The results have significant implications for policymakers and healthcare professionals in the field of reproductive technologies. They also contribute to public debates on ethical considerations surrounding ART. This work was funded by the Mineco-FrontVida Program, Frontiers of Life, Social Change, and Changing Values Around the Beginning and End of Life (grant number PID2019-106882RB-I00), as part of the State Program for Knowledge Generation and Scientific and Technological Strengthening, and the State R&D Program Oriented to the Challenges of Society, 2019, Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities of Spain. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. N/A.

Consideration of natural scientific background in Russia’s climate policy

Aim. Based on normative acts to reveal the key importance of the domestic scientific background in the implementation of climate policy.Objectives. To characterize the historical experience of using scientific-balance calculations in the implementation of strategic planning, applied today in the process of climate policy implementation in the national economy; to consider the current trends in strategic management of climate policy, description of the system of key cross-sectoral documents of strategic planning, reflection of accounting for the implementation of the major innovative project of state importance (MIP SI) and federal scientific and technical program (FSTP) in the system of climate policy in Russia.Methods. The author used general scientific methods of theoretical research, including analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, and presented a system of intersectoral documents of climate policy in the context of the need to ensure anti-sanctions resistance. The results of the implementation of MIP SI and FSTP in the system of documents of inter-sectoral strategic planning of climate policy in the Russian economy are investigated.Results. The article analyzes the system of key intersectoral strategic planning documents developed and approved for the implementation of climate policy. According to the approved acts, in the Russian economy are realized MIP SI and FSTP, which contribute to the aggregation and implementation of scientific developments necessary in the implementation of climate policy of the Russian Federation (RF). In addition, the connection of the relevant documents with the documents of intersectoral (including technological) nature, which take into account not only the implementation of climate policy, but also the need to form technological sovereignty in connection with the sanctions restrictions imposed on the Russian economy. It is shown that state-level projects implemented in connection with the climate agenda can form a domestic foundation that will provide a promising scientific calculations and developments aimed at the realization of low-carbon development of the domestic economy.Conclusions. The low-carbon economic development strategy developed on the basis of the input-output methodology (inter-sectoral balance), the approved state program to reduce the carbon intensity of the Russian economy, as well as the updated Climate Doctrine are the key intersectoral documents of climate policy, which take into account relevant scientific research, including in the natural-science plane. Aggregation of the results of the implementation of the MIP SI and FSTP will allow taking into account the advanced achievements of domestic research in the climate field, which will further ensure a more balanced implementation of the state climate policy in the long term, including in the context of the need to form and ensure technological sovereignty. This in the long term can positively affect the sustainable improvement of welfare in the country.

Modeling the impact of using trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with breast cancer on reducing cancer mortality in Russia

Background. Reducing malignant mortality to 185 cases per 100,000 by 2030 is one of goals of the state program “Healthcare development” in Russia.Aim. To assess potential impact of using trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with breast cancer on reducing cancer mortality.Materials and methods. Three indications of trastuzumab deruxtecan were considered: adult patients with HER2-positive unresectable or metastatic breast cancer that were previously treated with trastuzumab and a taxane in the advanced or metastatic setting (referred as “Second line”); adult patients with HER2-positive unresectable or metastatic breast cancer who previously received at least two lines of therapy in the metastatic setting including trastuzumab emtansine (referred as “Third line”); adult patients with HER2-low metastatic breast cancer who had received one or two previous lines of chemotherapy (referred as “HER2-low metastatic breast cancer”). The set of comparators for each clinical situation was formed based on the clinical guidelines and clinical trials of trastuzumab deruxtecan. Overall survival and treatment duration were modelled on the clinical trials basis. The model was used to estimate number of lives saved in case of transitioning all eligible patients to trastuzumab deruxtecan within a three-year horizon.Results. Up to 3,609 patients p. a. in the “Second line” situation, 1,300 patients p. a. in the “Third line” situation and 2,260 patients p. a. in the “HER2-low breast cancer” situation can initiate trastuzumab deruxtecan treatment. In that case mortality from neoplasms could be reduced by 1,461 deaths in case of “Second line”, by 427 deaths in case of “Third line” and by 801 deaths in case of “HER2-low metastatic breast cancer” over three years. Reduction in mortality will contribute to achieving the target mortality rate from neoplasms of 21.61–24.81 %, 4.31–12.57 % and 5.91–20.89 %, respectively.Conclusion. Using trastuzumab deruxtecan for breast cancer treatment in different clinical situations leads to quantitate reduction in cancer mortality in Russia.

"I eat chocolate milk for dinner because we just have nothing in our fridge": The invisible burden and dire consequences of food insecurity for people with cystic fibrosis in the United States.

One-third of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) are food insecure, with profound negative implications for their health. This qualitative study explored lived experiences with food insecurity among pwCF or their caregivers and summarized their perspectives on food insecurity screening in the cystic fibrosis (CF) programs where they receive care. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with two groups: (1) adults with CF and (2) parents or caregivers of children with CF. PwCF or their caregivers with previously documented food insecurity were referred for participation by pediatric and adult CF programs across the United States. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and data were coded and analyzed by two independent coders using a content-analysis approach with a constant comparative method to generate themes. A total of 26 participants from 22 CF programs were interviewed. The sample included 17 adults with CF and nine parents of children with CF. Participants were predominantly White (88%) and female (92%). Five overarching themes emerged: (1) food insecurity among CF patients and their families is onerous, (2) financial constraints imposed by the CF disease contribute to food insecurity, (3) federal and state programs provide limited food assistance, and other support is minimal, (4) shame and stigma engulf conversations around food insecurity with CF care teams, and (5) food insecurity screening in clinical settings is critical. Food insecurity among pwCF is invisible, but its consequences are dire. Assistance is limited, screening is inconsistent, and stigma is widespread. There is an urgent need to normalize food insecurity screening, standardize the screening process, and expand food assistance programs for pwCF.

Development of recommendations for Ukrainian farming crediting based on the experience of other countries

The study aimed to address the farmers financing practices in Poland, France, Germany and Romania and to develop recommendations for reducing credit constraints in Ukrainian agriculture. Providing farms with financial resources is one of the most critical tasks for maintaining national resilience and stability in difficult times of military resistance. The study analysed statistical and economic indicators, the structure of farms and land use, financial instruments, features of financial institutions, practices and experience in lending in Poland, France, Germany, Romania and Ukraine. The impact of gross fixed capital formation on the volume of farm sales in comparable countries was addressed. The main reasons for the shortage of financing for medium, small, and micro-enterprises in the agro-industrial sector and numerous households that run private farms without establishing a legal entity were identified. The study noted that the main consequences of limited access to credit are low efficiency of land use, a decrease in gross domestic product and a deterioration in the viability of farms. The study analysed the impact of the state programme “Affordable Loans 5-7-9%” and other programmes to support medium, small and micro enterprises created with the help of international partners on the financial support of agricultural businesses. In recent years, these new financial instruments have significantly increased access to loans for farmers. The study addressed proposals of economic scientists of these countries on the elimination of credit restrictions in the activity of small agricultural producers. The analysis highlights the problems of farmers' lending that are common to all countries, as well as the many years of experience that have gradually resolved these issues. Recommendations on the implementation of the necessary measures for the timely receipt of affordable credit resources by small rural enterprises and family farms in Ukraine have been developed

Determinants of sleep disturbances in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension

Abstract Introduction Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, chronic disease that leads to the development of a range of cardiopulmonary and cardiovascular symptoms. Studies indicate that sleep problems may contribute to the deterioration of function in patients with PAH. Identifying factors that are related to the occurrence of sleep disorders can help identify them, and will also allow you to take steps to minimize the risk of insomnia. Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the determinants affecting the incidence of sleep disorders among patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Material and methods The study included 89 patients with a diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) who are chronically treated and participate in the state program for Therapeutic Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by the National Health Service. The study used standardized tools: a self-administered survey questionnaire, as well as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Results Patients had a mean PSQI score of M=8.7 (SD=4.64), indicating low sleep quality. Factors that had a significant impact on sleep disturbance were: old age (r=0.373), chest pain (r=0.307), weakness (r=0.296), fatigue (r=0.316), shortness of breath (r=0.242), MWT score 6 (r= -0.237), NT-proBNP (r=0, 517), social support (r=0.237), staying in a relationship (r= -0.21), arrhythmia (r=0.211), number of hospitalizations (r=0.33), male gender (r=0.257), WHO FC class (r=0.503). Conclusions In the study group of patients with PAH, sleep disorders are present in the majority. The progression of clinical symptoms and selected sociodemographic data significantly correlate with the occurrence of insomnia.

Strategic acts of management as a form of managerial decision-making in the field of ensuring national security and state sovereignty of the Russian Federation: problems of hierarchy

The article substantiates the relationship between state management decisions and strategic management acts. The latter are the basis not only for building a system of legal acts of management in the field of ensuring national security as the most important component of state sovereignty of the Russian Federation, but also for the adoption and implementation of managerial decisions in this field. It is concluded that it is necessary to clarify the content of strategic planning documents and to give them legal certainty, systematicity and hierarchy. The types of these documents are analyzed: strategies; state policy frameworks; doctrines; concepts; state programs. The following model of hierarchy of strategic acts of management in the field of national security is argued: strategy of national security of the Russian Federation — conceptual acts (bases of state policy, doctrines, concepts) on the most important directions of ensuring national security of the Russian Federation — strategies on the most important directions of ensuring national security of the Russian Federation — state programs of the Russian Federation on the most important directions of ensuring national security.

Adaptive Approaches to Physical Pain Treatment Modalities During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Analysis.

Background and Purpose: Despite the lack of proven efficacy, opioids historically have been used for the treatment of noncancer back pain. A variety of other effective therapeutic options for pain management are becoming more available over time. In 2016, Oregon implemented a unique and novel policy to improve evidence-based back pain care and promote safer and more effective opioid prescribing through the state's Medicaid program, the Oregon Health Plan. This article examines the ways providers adapted to providing care for patients with back pain in the context of COVID-19 and to better understand the challenges faced by and adaptations made by providers. Methods: We conducted focus groups with clinicians and physical pain treatment modality practitioners (PPTMPs). In total, 129 providers participated in one of six focus groups, including 74 clinicians (54%) and 55 PPTMPs (42%). Reflexive thematic analysis was used to construct themes or units of meaning across data. Results: Focus groups revealed concerns about PPE shortages, telemedicine challenges, communication barriers, and profession-specific responses to COVID-19, which hindered patient care and referrals. Focus groups also highlighted some advantages related to increased insight into patients' lives, which enhanced treatment. Care during COVID-19 has resulted in continued patient interest in telehealth and telemedicine. Conclusion: Optimizing use of these technologies for health conditions, such as back pain, adds to treatment options for patients and gives providers a more holistic understanding of patients' lives, the challenges they may face, and how that impacts their treatment.

Main trends in providing medical personnel to the state healthcare system of the Russian Federation

The purpose of this study is to analyze trends in the provision of medical personnel to the state health care system during the implementation of state programs and national projects in the field of health care. Materials and methods. Statistical collections of the Ministry of Health of Russia for 2012–2023, regulatory legal acts, passport of national project. Methods of descriptive statistics and analytical were used. Results. A reduction in indicators of the supply of doctors, paramedical personnel and the ratio of doctor/nursing medical personnel and a discrepancy between their target values established in state programs and national projects for the development of healthcare was revealed. Differences in the values of target indicators of state programs and national projects have been identified. Conclusion. The need to take urgent measures to eliminate the reduction in the supply of medical personnel has been identified. Differences in the dynamics of staffing indicators indicate the heterogeneity of the level of development of regions and their preparedness for events within the framework of state programs and national projects to achieve target indicators. Measures are needed to eliminate territorial imbalances, as well as to search for mechanisms to equalize differences between the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Differences in the values of indicators for achieving the goals of state programs and national projects complicate their assessment and determine the need to form a hierarchy of state programs and national projects, as well as the development of scientifically based target indicators, taking into account regional characteristics and the needs of the population for medical care.

The role of nursing medical workers in carrying out third level medical rehabilitation for adult population

Rehabilitation is specialized health care, and its importance for human health and high quality of life is constantly growing today. According to the Russian Ministry of Health, up to 25 million people need rehabilitation. Currently, nursing staff play a significant role in the organization of medical rehabilitation and the implementation of specific rehabilitation programs. The priority of tasks for the development of medical rehabilitation is determined by the state program «Health Development».

Platform kinship and the reshaping of political order in the Somali territories

Abstract Numerous studies show that digital technologies facilitate diaspora engagement in homeland affairs. However, communities in home countries also adapt digital platforms to harness diasporic support and drive socio-political change. Despite a rich literature on ‘digital kinship’, there remains a limited understanding of kinship's broader political and developmental impact, especially in (post)conflict regions. This article draws on fieldwork in the Somali territories to argue that a distinctive model of governance, platform kinship, is emerging as an alternative to existing state and international development programmes. Focusing on WhatsApp, it highlights how the platform's specific features are adapted to Somali segmentary clan structures, enabling kinship groups to bridge digital divides, preserve oral traditions and uphold egalitarian principles. Platform kinship has state-like effects. Through an ecosystem of WhatsApp groups, geographically dispersed kin mediate disputes, coordinate development projects, fund political campaigns, and respond to conflicts and crises. However, it also empowers new actors, including youth, politicians and business elites, while marginalizing elders. Furthermore, because platform kinship strengthens the clan as the central political unit, it can deepen divisions between kinship groups and undermine state-building projects and conceptions of national identity. This has important implications for policy-makers and academics working on digital governance, development and peacebuilding.

Radiation survey of the territory of Teriberka village and Kildin Island of Murmansk Region

The Arctic zone is a strategically important territory of the Russian Federation from the point of view of socio-economic, scientific, and technological components, as well as in terms of planning the development of a system for ensuring national defense, state, and public security. Intensive exploration and development of Arctic territories, combined with a rapidly changing environment due to global climate change, carries a few risks for the environment. This determines the need to assess potential environmental damage and determine the significance of factors of potential negative impact on unique Arctic ecosystems now and in the future. The article presents current data from a radiation survey of the coastal zone of residential areas close to the site of the sinking of the nuclear submarine ‘K-159’ – Teriberka village and Kildin Island, Murmansk region, as well as the sea area to assess the primary levels of man-made and natural radionuclides before starting work on the potential lifting of the submerged object. This work was carried out as part of the implementation of the State Program of the Russian Federation ‘Health Development’ (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 26, 2017, No. 1640). The results of measuring the ambient dose equivalent rate of gamma radiation in open areas and determining the content of man-made and natural radionuclides in samples of environmental media (soil, aquatic vegetation, marine aquatic organisms) and food products of local origin and production (mushrooms, berries, fish, milk). The research results showed that the state of the study area is generally stable in terms of the radiation factor, the content of radionuclides is at the background level. As part of this work, electronic database modules have been developed based on the results of radiation monitoring in Teriberka village and on Kildin Island. Certificate No. 2022621890 was received on registration of a database with the results of the radiation situation of the above-mentioned territories.

Программно-целевой подход как инструмент развития сельского хозяйства: становление, новации, опыт Волгоградской области

The article is devoted to the program-target approach in the development of agriculture. A significant contribution to the provision of the country’s food security and the solution of significant problems in the industry is determined by the “State Program for Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Agricultural Products, Raw Materials, and Food Markets” adopted in 2018, which is currently being implemented. The author paid attention to the development of some aspects of the program-target method of agriculture support in the context of studying the content of this program based on the application of an evolutionary approach. The article provides a brief overview of the changes in the program of time periods, the regularity of which not only proves the relevance and importance of this document for agriculture support but also contributes to the timely identification of problems and the planning of measures to solve them. The radical transformation of the instrument of state programs and modification of approaches to their development and implementation have been carried out since 2021 within the framework of the approved regulations by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation. There is a change in approaches to the goal-setting system of such programs in terms of strategic priorities’ clarification in the field of their implementation, as well as synchronization in accordance with the national goals of the country. The agriculture of the Volgograd region is included in the list of strategic priorities of the region, the development targets of which are prescribed in the subprograms of the state program that is being implemented in the country. The methods for achieving the mentioned targets are: taxation, concessional lending, insurance, mainly with government support, and grant financing. The main results of the development of agriculture in the context of the implementation of a program-oriented approach are analyzed.