State Of Origin Research Articles

An audit of the current U.S. Department of Agriculture frame size scoring system1,2

Feedlot and carcass data from steers (n = 16,700) and heifers (n = 6,357) originating from 16 different states and fed in 17 feedlots located in southwest Iowa were used to evaluate the accuracy of the USDA frame score for predicting final BW of fed cattle. Frame score was recorded by USDA or state personnel for cattle either before leaving the state of origin or on arrival at the terminal feedlot. Mixed model procedures were used to investigate relationships between USDA frame score and measures of live performance and carcass traits. Other fixed effects included in the model included USDA muscle score, sex, age classification on feedlot entry (calf: ≤270 d of age, yearling: 271-365 d of age, and long yearling: >365 d of age), BCS on feedlot arrival, number of treatments for respiratory disease, hide color, and site of frame or muscle scoring; the interactions of sex × frame score and hide color × frame score were also included; fat thickness was included as a fixed effect (covariate) in the analysis of ADG, final BW, days on feed, LM area, marbling score, and quality grade. Random effects included in the model were year of feedlot arrival and feedlot in which cattle were fed. The system accurately projects the minimum target final BW for large frame steers and heifers; however, the final BW of the smallest medium frame steers and heifers exceeds the target minimum final BW by 35 and 40 kg, respectively. When frame score was assigned post facto based on actual final BW (adjusted to 1.27 cm fat thickness), it was determined that large frame was over-assigned by graders (62 vs. 35% for steers and 54 vs. 32% for heifers, actual score vs. postharvest score, respectively), medium frame was underassigned (37 vs. 51% and 46 vs. 58% for steers and heifers), and small frame was underassigned (0.7 vs. 15% and 0.6 vs. 10% for steers and heifers; K = 0.01, P < 0.01). Across sexes, of the cattle assigned to small, medium, or large frame score, 40, 59, and 43% actually had final BW (adjusted to 1.27 cm fat thickness) within the guidelines for the target final BW of each of the frame scores (P < 0.01). The present frame score system accurately reflects the modern feedlot cattle population; however, adjustments in the assignment of frame scores to reflect changes in technologies and final weights may be warranted.

Bibliometric analysis of scientific articles published in Brazilian and international orthodontic journals over a 10-year period.

ObjectiveThis study aimed at describing the profiles of Brazilian and international studies published in orthodontic journals.MethodsThe sample comprised 635 articles selected from two scientific journals, i.e., Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics and American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, which were analyzed at three different intervals over a 10-year period (1999 - 2004 - 2009). Articles were described in terms of knowledge domain, study design, and country of origin (or state of origin for Brazilian papers).ResultsThe most frequent study designs adopted in international studies were cohort (23.9%) and cross-sectional (21.7%) designs. Among Brazilian papers, cross-sectional studies (28.9%) and literature reviews (24.6%) showed greater frequency. The topics most often investigated were dental materials (17%) and treatment devices (12.4%) in international articles, with the latter topic being addressed by 16% of the Brazilian publications, followed by malocclusion, with 12.6%. In all cases, the most frequent countries of origin coincided with the countries of origin of each journal.ConclusionsThe majority of the studies analyzed featured a low level of scientific evidence. Moreover, the findings showed that journals tend to publish studies produced in their own country of origin, and that there are marked discrepancies in the number of papers published by different Brazilian states.

4:30 PM CHILDHOOD SLEEP DISTURBANCE AND RISK OF PSYCHOTIC EXPERIENCES IN A LARGE UK BIRTH COHORT

Parasomnias are unpleasant experiential or undesirable behavioral phenomena that occur during entry into sleep, during any stage of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) or rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, or on termination of sleep. All of sleep is vulnerable to parasomnias, which can occur spontaneously or linked with other sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea and restless legs syndrome. Our basic instincts can emerge pathologically with the parasomnias, including eating, sex, locomotion, and aggression. Parasomnias can affect people across the entire life span. Most parasomnias are diagnosable and treatable. Most are not the manifestation of psychopathology or psychiatric disorders. Parasomnias can be categorized as primary (disorders of the sleep states per se) and secondary (disorders of other organ systems that manifest themselves during sleep). The primary sleep parasomnias can be classified according to the sleep state of origin: REM sleep, NREM sleep, or miscellaneous (those not respecting sleep state). The secondary sleep parasomnias can be further classified by the organ system involved. The major primary parasomnias include disorders of arousal from NREM sleep (confusional arousals, including the variant sexsomnia, sleepwalking, and sleep terrors), REM sleep behavior disorder, and sleep-related eating disorder.

Phylogenetic relationship between different race representative populations of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris in respect of translation elongation factor-1α, β-tubulin, and internal transcribed spacer region genes

Genetic diversity of 70 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris originated from various states of India representing eight races causing wilt in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) was analyzed using translation elongation factor-1α (TEF-1α), β-tubulin, and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene regions. TEF-1α, β-tubulin, and ITS gene-specific markers produced ~720-, ~500-, and ~550-bp amplicons, respectively, in all the isolates of the pathogen. A phylogenetic tree constructed from the sequences generated in the present study along with the sequences of foreign isolates of Fusarium species available in NCBI database sharing more than 90 % nucleotide sequence similarity grouped the isolates into two major clusters. Most of the isolates of the present study showed more or less similar grouping pattern in case of the three gene sequences. Each group had the isolates representing different races as well as place of origin indicating low level of diversity among the isolates in respect of these gene sequences. Except TEF-1α, the groups generated by β-tubulin and ITS gene sequences did not correspond to the state of origin and races of the pathogen. However, the groups of TEF-1α partially corresponded to the place of origin as well as races of the pathogen. The isolates did not show any race-specific grouping patterns; however, most of the isolates representing race 1 clustered separately.

Paediatric and Perinatal Health Abstracts at SHPA National Conferences: Trends in Presentation and Subsequent Publication

ABSTRACTBackgroundPublication of research and practice experiences is an essential component in disseminating findings to the wider community and advancing pharmacy practice.AimTo assess trends in the presentation and subsequent publication of abstracts in the specialty areas of paediatrics and perinatal health (i.e. obstetrics and neonatology) at the Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia (SHPA) National Conference from 2007 to 2012.MethodRelevant accepted oral and poster presentations were identified from conference handbooks from 2007 to 2012. Data were extracted on the type of presentation, the type of abstract (case presentation, clinical audit, description of pharmacy practice, experimental or observational study), state of origin, number of authors and specialty area. The publication status of the abstracts was determined by searching Embase, Medline and Informit using author names and key words identified from the abstract title.ResultsFrom 2007 to 2012, 1617 abstracts were presented at SHPA National Conferences. Of these, 65 (4%) and 45 (3%) were in the areas of paediatrics and perinatal health, respectively. Excluding those presented in 2012, only 10 (10%) abstracts were subsequently published. Of the 30 oral presentations, five (17%) were published, whereas only five (8%) of the 66 poster abstracts were published. Over time, the types of abstracts submitted have remained consistent; however, publication rates differ according to the type of abstract (0% for case presentations, 0% for descriptions of pharmacy practice, 3% for clinical audits and 50% for experimental or observational studies).ConclusionAbstracts with a paediatric and perinatal health focus represent a small number of presentations at SHPA National Conferences (10%), with few going on to be published (1 in 10). Given the importance of disseminating clinical and research findings for the advancement of specialty pharmacy practice across otherwise potentially isolated settings, future research should investigate key barriers and potential facilitators to address the low publication rate identified.

Development of edge state on graphite surface induced by Ar+ irradiation studied using near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy

We have studied the electronic structure of the surface of graphite irradiated by Ar+ ions with various kinetic energies using in situ near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy in order to verify the appearance of an edge state over a macroscopic area and the variation of the edge state feature by severely damaging a sample. The disruption of the π bonding network of graphite is manifested by the reduction of the intensity of the π∗ peak upon Ar+ irradiation. The increase of the lower energy shoulder of the π∗ peak can be clearly attributed to the edge state of π-electron origin at vacancies. High energy Ar+ irradiation strongly induces an amorphous-like structure at the surface where carbon atoms have a random coordination. As a consequence, sp3-hybridized carbon atoms become involved in bonding, resulting in the mixing of π and σ states that then broadens the observed π∗ peak. In addition, the reduction in concentration of π electrons that screen core holes results in a blue shift of the central π∗ peak energy. Moreover, the edge state, which is the signature of π conjugation, survives even at the severely damaged Ar+ irradiated graphite surface having an amorphous-like structure.

The Mission (Im)Possible: Towards a Comprehensive Legal Framework Regulating Safety Issues of Point to Point Suborbital Flights

Space tourism is going beyond the borders of people’s actual perception on the topic of human mass transportation from one place on the Earth to another, crossing different jurisdictions. A suborbital flight from London to Sydney will last 4 hours instead of taking 23 hours as it lasts today when traveling by airplane. Point to point suborbital flights (P2P flights) offer a new mode of worldwide mass transportation. Consequently, they should be legally regulated at an international level. The article analyzes selected safety concerns which can create obstacles to the development of a global legal framework regulating the safety of P2P flights. The selected provisions of the US Commercial Space Launch Amendment Act of 2004 are reviewed in order to analyze mistakes and avoid the same mistakes at the international level. The article specifies four main threats to safety which need to be resolved internationally: the lack of a definition for the term space passenger, the lack of unified spaceport safety standards, the growing amount of space debris and weaponization of outer space. Main international space treaties are analyzed as to their suitability for P2P flights. The fictional scenario provided in the article involves a claim for damages for death as a result of vehicle crash due to pilot error, which is used as an illustration of the applicability of one of the conventions: the Montreal Convention of 1999 (air law regime) or the Liability Convention of 1972 (space law regime). Liability regime created by the Liability Convention of 1972 is entirely focused on State-to State liability, thus, the state, as opposed to passengers or their relatives and third parties, is eligible for the compensation. In the same pattern, the state of origin will pay the compensation as opposed to the manufacturer or operator of the aerospace vehicle used in the suborbital flight .It seems that it is more reasonable for the point-to-point suborbital flights to fall under the passenger-oriented Montreal Convention of 1999. It is too remote to assess whether the Liability Convention of 1972 can be amended. In the last chapter of the article, there are some suggestions regarding comprehensive legal framework regulating the safety of P2P flights.

Return migration as a win-win-win scenario? Visions of return among Senegalese migrants, the state of origin and receiving countries

This article explores the topic of return migration as it is understood and practised by different actors who engage with this theme, albeit from different perspectives. Return migration is paraded in policy debates as a triple-win scenario, bringing advantages to receiving states, countries of origin and migrants. Yet this article reveals how return migration is understood differently by policymakers in Senegal and Europe and by the migrants targeted by their policies. Interpretations are based on conflicting underlying assumptions of what return is, its benefits and its relation to transnational movement. Inspired by the discursive paradigm in political studies, this article utilizes interpretive tools to examine the structures that support and give meaning to understandings of return among institutional actors and migrants. It concludes that new theorization is needed to grasp the full complexity of return migration as a phenomenon that is marked by different temporalities and aspirations.

State-based output in Australian mental health research

This study examined differences in the types of mental health research that were conducted in the states and territories of Australia in 2008. Differences in both the disorder focus (e.g. depression, psychosis) and goal or methodology (e.g. epidemiological, biological) of published papers were examined. The structural differences underlying research output were examined by comparing output with funding and research infrastructure. A random sample of 1008 Australian-authored mental health research publications and all 126 competitive mental-health related research grants from 2008 were coded in terms of their state or territory of origin, disorder focus and research goal. Victoria and the Australian Capital Territory had the highest per capita rates of mental health research publications in 2008, while Tasmania and the Northern Territory had less per capita output. Research in New South Wales had greater focus on substance use and anxiety disorders, while Victoria was dominant in research on affective disorders and psychosis. Research in Queensland and Western Australia was broader in scope. Research output was more closely linked with number of successful grants than amount of funding. State and territory support for mental health research may have important implications for research output.

The Unavoidable Persistence of Forum Shopping in European Insolvency Law

One of the goals of the EU Insolvency Regulation, confirmed by recent reform proposals of the European Parliament and the Commission, is to limit forum shopping. The real world, however, looks quite different, as forum shopping is becoming increasingly common in the EU. The reason for the increase in forum shopping cases is hidden in the mechanisms of the Insolvency Regulation. It is well known that the Member State of a debtor’s centre of main interests (COMI) is competent to govern its main insolvency proceeding with universal effects. Additionally, companies’ COMI is presumed to coincide with their registered office, unless the contrary is proven. Nowadays, however, companies can often transfer their registered office throughout the European Union. Additionally, pursuant to ECJ case law, the reference date to assess the insolvency competence is the date of filing, with the consequence that, if a company relocates its registered office abroad before the filing, the new jurisdiction becomes competent to govern its insolvency, unless creditors prove that the COMI is still in the original State. However, the presumption that the COMI coincides with the registered office cannot be rebutted if a company actually relocates its headquarters alongside its registered office in a way by third parties. Creditors’ protection against opportunistic forum shopping, therefore, depends exclusively on the ascertainability criterion. This criterion, however, as applied by Member States’ case law and the ECJ, does not take into account the viewpoint of pre-existing creditors: If a company relocates its headquarters alongside its registered office and makes this transfer public and ascertainable for future potential creditors, no evidence whatsoever can be provided that its COMI is still in the State of origin. Forum shopping, therefore, has become an unavoidable component of EU insolvency law.

An assessment of pharmacy students' knowledge, attitude, and practice toward oral health: An exploratory study.

Background:Community pharmacies are now frequently being visited by customers/patients to seek oral advice. Malaysian community pharmacists are also found to be experiencing an increased demand of oral health advices by their visiting customers.Aims/Objectives:The aim of the study was to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the final year Bachelor of Pharmacy students in a private university toward oral health, as these students will be the future pharmacists.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study was carried out among final year undergraduate pharmacy students by using self-administered questionnaire. It was conducted as a classroom survey. Raosoft software was used to determine the minimum required sample size.Results:The demographic distribution of the respondents was separated into gender, ethnicity, and state of origin. Over 83.8% of the participants were females, with Chinese ethnicity dominating (78.4%) compared to others, and the distribution showed 11 different states of origin.Conclusions:This research finding shows that pharmacy students have positive attitude toward oral health despite having poor knowledge and mediocre practice principles regarding oral health.

Genetic diversity among Puccinia melanocephala isolates from Brazil assessed using simple sequence repeat markers.

Brown rust (causal agent Puccinia melanocephala) is an important sugarcane disease that is responsible for large losses in yield worldwide. Despite its importance, little is known regarding the genetic diversity of this pathogen in the main Brazilian sugarcane cultivation areas. In this study, we characterized the genetic diversity of 34 P. melanocephala isolates from 4 Brazilian states using loci identified from an enriched simple sequence repeat (SSR) library. The aggressiveness of 3 isolates from major sugarcane cultivation areas was evaluated by inoculating an intermediately resistant and a susceptible cultivar. From the enriched library, 16 SSR-specific primers were developed, which produced scorable alleles. Of these, 4 loci were polymorphic and 12 were monomorphic for all isolates evaluated. The molecular characterization of the 34 isolates of P. melanocephala conducted using 16 SSR loci revealed the existence of low genetic variability among the isolates. The average estimated genetic distance was 0.12. Phenetic analysis based on Nei's genetic distance clustered the isolates into 2 major groups. Groups I and II included 18 and 14 isolates, respectively, and both groups contained isolates from all 4 geographic regions studied. Two isolates did not cluster with these groups. It was not possible to obtain clusters according to location or state of origin. Analysis of disease severity data revealed that the isolates did not show significant differences in aggressiveness between regions.

Contribution of Indian pediatric dentists to scientific literature during 2002-2012: a bibliometric analysis.

Introduction:Bibliometric analysis of publications is necessary to enable clinicians to make evidence based sound clinical decisions. It will also help policy makers & institutions to frame their decisions and policies so as to improve the quality of dental research in India.AIM:The purpose of this study is to identify publication output as well as descriptively and quantitatively characterize the contribution of Indian pediatric dentists to scientific literature through publication trend analysis from 2002 to 2012.Settings and design:Cross sectional analytical study.Material and method:A bibliometric analysis of publications by Indian pediatric dentists during 2002 to 2012 was performed on data collected from PubMed – MEDLINE database. Only the first author’s affiliations were considered and the publications were categorized according to the following variables: year of publication, number of authors, state of origin, type of article, reach of journal and country of publication.Results:There were 817 articles by Indian pediatric dentists during the study period. Of all the articles 399 (48.8%) were original research, 377(46.1%) were case reports and 41 (5.0%) were reviews. The inter-annual variation between the reach, country of publication of the journal and type of articles is presented. The growth trend analysis was performed and predictions are presented.Conclusion:There has been an increase in the number of publications by Indian pediatric dentists and most of the published work comprises of original research. The potential use of this data is discussed.

Abolition of exequatur for judgments requiring the return of a child in practice: The Povse case

Brussels II bis Regulation is the first source of law of EU private international law that introduces abolition of exequatur for specific judgments given pursuant to Article 11(8) which require the return of the child. The goal of the abolition of exequatur is to achieve a rapid return of the child to his country of habitual residence immediately prior to her/his wrongful removal. This goal has to be reached, inter alia, by reducing the jurisdiction of the State of enforcement of certified judgments to questions of enforcement stricto sensu under the national procedural law of that State. On the other hand, the State of origin of the judgments shall be responsible for all matters relating to the merits of the judgments and to the certification of these judgments, this latter substituting the procedure of exequatur in the Member State of enforcement. The Povse case shows that complex facts of a case, proceedings before the respective national courts, the time needed for the interpretation of union law by the Court of EU, and the international law on the protection of human rights questions the goal of abolition of exequatur under this Regulation.

Emigrants and the onset of civil war

We propose that emigrants affect the likelihood of civil war onset in their state of origin by influencing the willingness of individuals to join rebel movements and the probability that the state and rebels will be unable to reach a mutually acceptable bargain to avoid conflict in three ways. First, migrants communicating with actors at home facilitate valid comparisons between the effects of policies in the home state as compared to policies in the host state enacted on a similar group, creating new motivation to join collective challenges against the state. Second, migrants send remittances, providing resources that can be used in collective challenges that are particularly difficult for states to anticipate, making the outbreak of conflict more likely. Finally, migrants publicize information about conditions in their home state while living in the host state, reducing home government uncertainty such that conflict is less likely to occur. We test these hypotheses on an international dataset and find support for each of our predicted mechanisms.

Effects of Tourism on Labour Market

Abstract Tourism is a phenomenon that can generate effects on the labour market, both for visited the state and the state of origin of tourists. However, tourism is contributing to employment growth, business development, social development (the ties between nations), the cultural, environmental quality, development and economic growth sensu lato. Therefore, tourism can have both positive and negative effects on the labour market in both countries and the effects will be analysed in our paper. However, to determine the effects of tourism on the labour market, we must take into account the factors that determine the evolution of tourism, factors that also will be analysed in our paper.With the help of tourism, a state can create new jobs, thus helping to attract surplus labour from other sectors and also contributing to decrease unemployment. Surplus labour force growth and youthful not only determines supply on the labour market, but also increased consumption, so the general supply, resulting in GDP growth and, as a consequence, improve living standards. We believe that tourism helps greatly to economic growth and economic development of our country, so take this as a particularly important topic and present, unvalued tourism being one of the branches of Romania. Therefore, tourism can be a catalyst for improvement of living standards of our country and the quality of life and social welfare.

Book Review: Sam Momah, Nigeria Beyond Divorce: Amalgamation in Perspective, Ibadan: Safari Books Limited, 2013

This twenty-one chapter book of 277 pages is a convergence of the ideas and experience of General Sam Momah as well as an expression of his abiding faith in the corporate existence of Nigeria. In this lucid narrative, the author in four parts takes the reader on a tour of Nigeria from the colonial era to present day. Prior to that, in the prologue, the author contend that Nigeria with all its potentials is yet to be a nation not to think of being a great nation. He then goes on to appraise some of the contending issues militating against nationhood such as the need to give equal weight to state of residence and state of origin. To the author, the constant clamour for state creation and complaints about marginalization are some examples that Nigeria is yet to be a nation. In this regard, education which should serve as a bellwether in the quest for nationhood is being challenged by an insurgent group known as Boko Haram. This unfortunate situation, the author laments, has been met with a studied silence by those Northern leaders who fashioned it as a militant tool with which to rest power from Southern politicians, and for them to respect the political party arrangement or understanding within the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) for a rotational Presidency. Beyond the Boko Haram monster, the author identifies other militant groups in the country and a host of other grotesque social pathologies not least of which are kidnapping, ritual killing and the “419” scheme. In conclusion, he observes that the life of the rich and the poor are unbearable and both experience sleepless nights.

Eat, drink and gamble: marketing messages about ‘risky’ products in an Australian major sporting series

BackgroundTo investigate the alcohol, gambling, and unhealthy food marketing strategies during a nationally televised, free to air, sporting series in Australia.Methods/approachUsing the Australian National Rugby League 2012 State of Origin three-game series, we conducted a mixed methods content analysis of the frequency, duration, placement and content of advertising strategies, comparing these strategies both within and across the three games.ResultsThere were a total of 4445 episodes (mean = 1481.67, SD = 336.58), and 233.23 minutes (mean = 77.74, SD = 7.31) of marketing for alcoholic beverages, gambling products and unhealthy foods and non-alcoholic beverages during the 360 minutes of televised coverage of the three State of Origin 2012 games. This included an average per game of 1354 episodes (SD = 368.79) and 66.29 minutes (SD = 7.62) of alcohol marketing; 110.67 episodes (SD = 43.89), and 8.72 minutes (SD = 1.29) of gambling marketing; and 17 episodes (SD = 7.55), and 2.74 minutes (SD = 0.78) of unhealthy food and beverage marketing. Content analysis revealed that there was a considerable embedding of product marketing within the match play, including within match commentary, sporting equipment, and special replays.ConclusionsSport is increasingly used as a vehicle for the promotion of range of ‘risky consumption’ products. This study raises important ethical and health policy questions about the extent and impact of saturation and incidental marketing strategies on health and wellbeing, the transparency of embedded marketing strategies, and how these strategies may influence product consumption.

Cross Border Transfer of Registered Office: Moving Beyond Forms

The decision in Daily Mail has come as a result of the resolution of the Member States to endorse a plurality of national legal solutions in the field of tax and corporate laws. The free movement provisions must be understood against this background and keeping in mind that no matter which “interface program” is to be used the system as a whole, i.e. the internal market, must be effective and coherent. The term “interface program” is used here as a metaphoric representation for the set of rules enshrined in national tax and corporate legislation that stipulate conditions for the entry and exit of companies.Among the exit conditions, the liquidation or winding-up of companies as a prerequisite for the cross-border transfer is the most radical one. It’s the main pursuit of this study to scrutinize the legality of liquidation in relation to cross-border movement of companies, which presupposes a change of the applicable law.Once a company is lawfully established in the State of origin and its transformation into a company governed by a different national corporate law is allowed by the State of destination, the movement represents a matter falling within the scope the Article 49 TFEU. Implicitly any restrictions imposed on the movement will be subject to the Treaty provisions.The present study makes the distinction between the conditions imposed by the State of destination, which concern rules on company transformations under the national laws and the ones imposed by the State of origin on an emigrating company. The first set of conditions falls within the State competence to determine the formal requirements necessary for the acquirement of legal status under the domestic laws, while the second set of conditions can only be applied in order to preserve the protection of rights originating before the transfer.The liquidation belongs to the latter set of conditions and according to the findings of this study, even if it is not generally excluded, the application of such restriction in a specific case would be rarely, if ever, found to be proportionate and its lack of proportionality will render it illegal under the Union law.

Socioeconomic Status, Parental Support, Motivation and Self-confidence in Youth Competitive Sport

The relationship between family and competitive sport and its complex interactions has been studied as a key factor by several authors. However, many questions about how psychological, cultural and social variables interact have been unanswered. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between socioeconomic stat us and perceived parental support in young athletes of a high performance center and subsequently, with motivation and self-confidence, as these two variables have been identified as relevant by previous research.For this purpose, and with a DEXPLOS design, a parental support scale was made. It resulted in a six items scale whose discriminative capacity in addition to its internal consistenc y was high (Cronbach Alpha =0.84). Firstly, an open-ended-questionnaire (qualitative phase) was filled out by 346 youth athletes, measuring socioeconomic status (residence, parent's educational level, parent's job and income) besides athlete's parental support perception. These answers were analyzed by judge agreement to lead into a quantitative close -end- questionnaire, which was completed in a five-interval Likert scale by 209 people. Furthermore, motivation and self- confidence were evaluated through the Questionnaire of Psychological Characteristics involved in Sport Performance (Cuestionario “Características Psicológicas relacionadas con el Rendimiento Deportivo“-CPRD) in order to review whether the perception of parental support or its lack is reflected in these two relevant psychological variables for sport performance.Results show that there exists a positive relationship between parental support and status (living in a single- parent family because of divorce or abandonment, the state of origin and the father's educational level), as well as related to specific aspects of self-confidence during competition and motivation. It therefore aims to further definition of the “parental support” construct, avoiding reductionist views that limited it to a certain type of variables. It might not only help to explain the concept but it can also be a useful tool for coaches, sport managers and administrators in their daily job with sport youth.