State Of Investment Activity Research Articles

FORMATION OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN THE REGION AS A FACTOR OF SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT

Capital is always looking for favorable conditions to preserve and increase, respectively, the institutional factors of investment activity in the regions of the country are crucial to ensure its attraction. The purpose of this study is to substantiate the impact of investments on the main economic indicators of the region's development, on its spatial development. The article examines the importance and role of investments and provides a brief overview of scientific ideas about the content of the concept of «spatial development. It is shown that when developing a spatial development strategy, it is necessary to apply a systematic approach. During the research, general scientific methods of analysis and special methods of economic and statistical research were used. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the state of investment activity in the region has unstable growth trends, in particular investments in fixed assets. In conclusion, the main aspects of the relationship between investment activity and the spatial development of the region are summarized.

ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ КАК ФАКТОР ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННОЙ ПРИВЛЕКАТЕЛЬНОСТИ РЕГИОНА

The article examines the importance and role of investments, which are a key factor in the development of the region's economy. The main features of the concept of "investment" are highlighted and characterized. The analysis of the state of the problem is carried out on the basis of statistical data of the Federal State Statistics Service and data obtained from open sources, including official websites. 
 In the course of the study, a brief overview of scientific ideas about the content of the concept of "spatial development" was carried out. It was found that spatial development and investment attractiveness are closely related to each other. It is shown that when developing a spatial development strategy, it is necessary to apply a systematic approach taking into account the manifested interrelations of all elements 
 The interrelation of investment attractiveness and spatial development of the region is revealed on the example of the Voronezh region. One of the main characteristics of investment processes in the region is the structure of investments in fixed assets. The article analyzes data on investments in fixed assets, taking into account the investment activity of small businesses and the volume of investments not observed by direct statistical methods. The analysis of the state of the problem is carried out on the basis of statistical data of the Federal State Statistics Service, data obtained from open sources, including official websites. In the course of the study, investments in fixed assets in the Russian Federation and in the Voronezh region were analyzed. The assessment of the level of investment attractiveness is given, the main tasks of the coordination body for the investment development of the Voronezh region are briefly highlighted.
 The main factors that influenced the positive dynamics of investments are highlighted, as well as weaknesses in the strategic direction of enhancing investment activity in the region are identified. 
 From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the state of investment activity in the Voronezh region has unstable growth trends, in particular investments in fixed assets. The structure of industrial production is mainly focused on local markets.
 In conclusion, the main aspects of the relationship between investment attractiveness and spatial development of the region are summarized closely, closely related to each other. Recommendations are given to increase the investment attractiveness of the Voronezh region for further spatial development of the region. As a result of the study, the main factors that influenced spatial development as a factor in the formation of the investment attractiveness of the Voronezh region were identified.

Інвестиційно-інноваційна діяльність в Україні в контексті Євроінтеграції

The article considers the role of innovation as the basis of the European integration processes in Ukraine, considers the views of modern scientists on the concept of innovation, analyzes the state of innovation activity in Ukraine and its peculiarities in the conditions of war. Determination of investment opportunities of Ukraine in the conditions of European integration. The state of investment activity in Ukraine in the period 2021-2022 is analyzed. According to the results of the study, the largest investor countries were Cyprus, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, Luxembourg and France. At the end of 2021, 36% of the total capital investment was invested in the industry, rural, forest construction - 8.3%. According to the results of the study, it is noted that industrial parks and business incubators are important methods of attracting innovation to Ukraine. In order to further expand innovative relationships in the context of European integration, it will allow to expand innovative business, through the creation of exhibition space, the development of technological agencies, innovative solutions, through the demonstration of the best domestic scientific and innovative developments and cooperative relations, through promoting the development of platforms for communication.

СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ УКРАЇНИ

The article examines the directions of the country’s foreign trade balancing, taking into account the development vector of Ukraine’s investment potential. The author analyzed the balance of payments of the state and the strategy formation to reduce the balance of payments deficit and improving of the state of investment activity. Today, attention is growing to the importance not only of the country’s balance of payments, but also to the international investment position. One of the areas of government policy which can create conditions for economic development is the balance of payments and the transition to the surplus trade. That is why, in the context of internationalization of economic relations, the effective use of resources and investment potential of the country get crucial place. The main strategic goal of public policy should be the development vector of foreign economic activity of the country, with an effective policy to support domestic enterprisers, export orientation and high value-added production. The processes of economic development led to the expansion of international exchange of goods and services and as a result of the rapid growth of trade processes require the country to have strong global state, taking into account macroeconomic regulation. The previous analysis of current trends in the development of Ukraine’s foreign economic activity, including investment activity, gives grounds to assert that Ukraine is an active participant in global investment processes. The author approved that the key aspect which can change the negative trend towards the trade deficit is the country’s active export activity, import substitution of commodity positions, as well as the development of industries specializing in the production of high value-added products. Therefore, measures of state regulation direct to developing investment opportunities in Ukraine should be aimed to: analysis of the existing economy, taking into account, the foreign economic activity of the country; import substitution; domestic market development, export expansion. The article analyzes the structure of the balance of payments, the dynamics of trade turnover, investment performance and international trade. The author also proposed measures to improve the balance of payments of Ukraine by taking into account the trends of Ukraine’s foreign economic activity, increasing investment attractiveness and realizing Ukraine’s investment opportunities.

CURRENT CREDITING INSTRUMENTS INFLUENCING INVESTMENT CLIMATE IN UKRAINE

The article investigates modern approaches to define the concept of investment climate. The latter is considered to remain unfavorable in Ukraine, although there are some positive changes in this direction. The factors which determine the state of investment climate are identified and structured in this paper. They include social, institutional, economic, integration and man-made ones. The key instruments which might influence the investment climate of Ukraine are determined. It is underlined that their effective use will improve the state of investment climate in the country nowadays.
 The change of investment position of Ukraine in the world’s top rankings is underlined. According to the most authoritative Ease of Doing Business ranking, the rate of Ukraine is 71st at the beginning of 2019. Ukraine has considerably improved its rate recently. The most significant changes have been observed in the field of customs policy whereas the most problematic one is the bankruptcy procedures.
 The research of the current state of investment activity in Ukraine has revealed an increase in the inflow of foreign direct investments, although their size compared to the needs of the real sector of the economy is still insignificant. The factors constraining the investment activity in Ukraine are formulated.
 The usage of the relevant crediting instruments influencing the investment climate of Ukraine in order to improve it and to increase the activity of domestic and foreign investors is suggested. It is proved that tax, budgetary and crediting instruments of currency regulation are currently the most essential. Positive influence of currency liberalization on the investment climate of Ukraine is revealed. The legalization of crypto currency operations is recommended. It is also necessary to implement modern electronic accounting methods (blockchain technology) into financial practice and accelerate the implementation of Basel III international standards.
 In Ukraine the legalization of cryptocurrencies will lead to a GDP growth, development of the new ways of running banking business and investment activity encouragement.

Current State of Investment Activity of Banks in Russia

The mobilisation of resources determines the investment activity of banks for investment purposes. It is an important direction of development of the country’s economy, which emphasises the relevance of the study. The purpose of the article is to determine the investment potential of banks and their investment targets. The current state of the investment portfolio of banks was assessed using quantitative, comparative, structural and factor methods. The logic of the study allowed us to evaluate the activity of banks in the securities market and identify the acute problem of market capture by large banks. As a result, competition with other banks does not develop and the monopoly of Moscow banks increases. The authors analysed the quality of the bank’s investment portfolio by evaluating the volume and structure of attracted resources and identifying their risk level. A systematic and comprehensive approach to the analysis of investment activities of banks allowed the authors to make several recommendations for its improvement, which determines the scientific and practical significance of the study

Diagnosis of the perspective condition of the investment activity of the cargo auto-operating enterprises

The object of research is the investment activity of cargo auto-operating enterprises. Investment activity is a generalizing characteristic of the state of investment activity, which is determined by its size and efficiency within the existing financial potential of an economic entity. Indicators of the state and efficiency of investment activity characterize the current state of investment activity, and financial potential – its prospective state. Therefore, a system of private indicators was used to diagnose the prospective state of the investment activity of cargo auto-operating enterprises, covering an assessment of the financial possibilities for raising its level. This system covers the assessment of own and attracted sources of financing investment expenses. In particular, to assess the direction of using own sources of financing investment activities, an algorithm for estimating the targeted use of hoarding profits and depreciation deductions are used. The results of the evaluation of the possibilities of increasing the investment activity of the enterprise show their considerable limitations. An assessment of the use of own sources of financing shows that, on average, only 30 % of profitable cargo auto-exploitation enterprises of the hoarding profit and depreciation charges are used for their intended purpose. At the same time, 24 % of the enterprises studied internal sources of financing investment expenditures are fully used for no purpose – to meet the additional requirements of operating activities. A low level of attraction of borrowed sources of financing is noted – only 20 % of the entire set of enterprises used loan funds. This is due to low values of current liquidity ratio and operating profitability of assets. The value of the first indicator, although it indicates the provision of loans with current assets, however, remains below the standard. The level of operational profitability does not exceed the interest on bank loans, which makes it impossible to pay them. Consequently, the assessment of the future state of investment activity of cargo auto-operating enterprises indicates the limitations of their own and attracted sources of financing investment expenditures, hinders the economic development of these economic entities. This requires a review of their investment strategy.

Necessity and Ways of Growth of Investment Appeal for Rural Areas on the Basis of Inclusion

The priority direction of solving complex socio-economic problems in the countryside (demographic crisis, high unemployment rate, migratory outflow of population, imperfect social infrastructure, low motivation of labor, etc.) is to increase investment appeal and draw significant investment resources on the basis of inclusion. According to this, the topic is timely accurate and relevant. The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state and trends of investment activity in rural areas, to develop and substantiate strategic directions of growth of investment appeal of rural economy on the basis of inclusion. The methodological basis of the study comprises dialectical and systematic research approaches of the fundamental provisions of economic science in relation to the socio-economic development of rural areas. With the help of the economic-statistical method (such methods as - statistical observation, comparison, tabular, graphical) the present state of investment activity in rural areas is investigated. Strategic guidelines for sustainable rural development in the context of inclusiveness are substantiated according to the analysis and synthesis methods. Abstract-logical method, in particular methods of induction and deduction, analogy and comparison, operationalization of concepts used to systematize research results, theoretical generalization and formulation of conclusions and proposals. The article reveals peculiarities, significance and functions of investment activity in rural areas. An estimation of the current state and trends of investment activity development under the conditions of the rural economic space is done. Overview of scientific and theoretical bases for the interpretation of the concept of "inclusive development" was conducted. The strategic directions of sustainable development of our state in the context of inclusion are outlined on the basis of the developed draft Strategy for Sustainable Development of Ukraine for the period up to 2030. The priority directions of socio-ecological and economic development of the village and ways of increasing the investment appeal of rural areas of Ukraine under the inclusion conditions are determined

THE ROLE OF THE STOCK MARKET IN THE MOBILIZATION OF LONG-TERM FINANCIAL RESOURCES

The main purpose of the research is to define mobilization of long-term financial resources in the stock market, to analyse the current situation and give some suggestions for improvement of investment. The author tries to research the impact of investment on the stock market because everyone knows long-term financial resources are very significant for the market and affect economic growth. The paper examines the current state of investment activity in the stock market in our republic and around the world, as well as the impact on the economy of this activity is investigated. The author investigates the impact of investment activity in the stock market on the economy and ways of correct use of investment activity. Indeed, investment is a long-term investment in various sectors of the economy for making profit. Investment – consists of financial means put into objects of entrepreneurship and other types of activity, as well as material and intellectual resources for the purpose of earning (profit) or social benefits. Despite its popularity and presence in the news, the stock market is just one of many potential places to invest your money. Investing in stocks is often risky, which draws attention to the huge gains and losses of some investors. If you manage the risks, you can take advantage of the stock market to secure your financial position and earn money.