State Of Chaos Research Articles

Jonathan Swift and the Nature of Modern Violence

Jonathan Swift's A Tale of a Tub and Gulliver's Travels have been read as participating in a wider debate, the Quarrel of the Ancients and Moderns, and as critiques of the rise of the New Sciences and the study of the "Book of Nature." The essay argues that Swift viewed the Modern preoccupation with nature as emblematic of the desire to return to a pre-cultural state of chaos and violence. Far from being an attempt to step into nature as a way of arriving at empirical truth, thus, these works hint at Swift's notion that the Modern return to nature represented dissolution of human culture. In addition, the essay discusses the afterlife of Swift's notions of the Modern as inherently anti-cultural through the work of Great War poet David Jones and his postwar masterpiece In Parenthesis.

Neural ODE to model and prognose thermoacoustic instability.

Thermoacoustic instability in a reacting flow field is characterized by high amplitude pressure fluctuations driven by a positive coupling between the unsteady heat release rate and the acoustic field of the combustor. In a turbulent flow, the transition of a thermoacoustic system from a state of chaos to periodic oscillations occurs via a state of intermittency. During the transition to periodic oscillations, the unsteady heat release rate synchronizes with the acoustic pressure fluctuations. Thermoacoustic systems are traditionally modeled by coupling the model for the heat source and the acoustic subsystem, each estimated independently. The response of the unsteady heat source, i.e., the flame, to acoustic fluctuations is characterized by introducing unsteady external forcing. The forced response of the flame need not be the same in the presence of an acoustic field due to their nonlinear coupling. Instead of characterizing individual subsystems, we introduce a neural ordinary differential equation (neural ODE) framework to model the thermoacoustic system as a whole. The neural ODE model for the thermoacoustic system uses time series of the heat release rate and the pressure fluctuations, measured simultaneously without introducing any external perturbations, to model their coupled interaction. Furthermore, we use the parameters of neural ODE to define an anomaly measure that represents the proximity of system dynamics to limit cycle oscillations and thus provide an early warning signal for the onset of thermoacoustic instability.

대테러이용수단으로서의 무인항공기ᆞ드론에 대한 법률적 개선방안

The technology of today improved the tactics and techniques of terrorist attacks. Especially, drone is one of the emerging technologies which can enable terrorist group to conduct multiple and significant effects of their attacks. For decades, terrorist groups always have been sought to obtain techniques which produce lethal weapons to accomplish their causes and to continue their attacks and supports. As a result of it, several terrorist groups, such as Hezbollah and ISIS, are equiped with armed drone which enable these groups to attack hard targets which has been hard to assess and attack. The reasons why terrorist groups seeking to acquire drone as a tool for terrorist attacks are followed; first, the operation carried by drone could result in mass destruction and great number of victims which can stir up a state of chaos and horror among the target states and countries. Second, using drone as a terrorist weapon allows the terrorists to have a better chance to evade national security system and increases the chance of success of terrorist attacks. Lastly, there are many advantages that attract terrorist groups to use drone as a terrorist weapon, including the cheap cost, accessability, and ease of operation of drone. However, there are still many barriers to encounter the risk posed by terrorist’drone attack. One of the barriers is the lack of security laws to support the development of counter drone program. Several airspace laws control the operation of unmanned aircraft prohibits research, test and development of counter unmanned aircraft system in many countries. South Korea is not an exception in terms of this problem. Therefore, the purpose of this current study have two folds: First, it aims to explores the current aircraft laws and regulations controling unmaned aircraft operation and defense system in South Korea. Second, it attempts to identify the better way to improve the current unmaned aircraft security laws, regulations and operational measurers in an comparison with the legal approaches and operational measures adopted in the United States.

Portrait of liberal chaos: RT’s antagonistic strategic narration about the Netherlands

Hostile political actors can use antagonistic strategic narration as a means of marring the image of targeted states in the international arena. The current article presents a content analysis of narratives about the Netherlands that were published by Russian state-sponsored media outlet RT between 2018 and 2020, capturing a period of heightened tension between the states. The authors distil and describe six overarching narratives used to portray the Netherlands as a state of liberal chaos. They analyse them using a framework of strategies underpinning Russian state-sponsored media’s narration, and interpret their strategic functions within the context of recent Dutch–Russian relations. Finally, they provide directions for future research, such as expanding on nuances within Russian media’s negative portrayals of different states or exploring the possible psychological responses this narration may elicit in the Dutch domestic audience.

Dynamic behaviors and bandwidth-enhanced time-delay signature suppression of mutually coupled spin-polarized vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

A novel symmetric model based on the mutually coupled spin-polarized vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (MCSP-VCSELs) subject to optically pumped is implemented and analyzed in this paper. Numerous nonlinear dynamic behaviors containing the state of steady, period, period-doubling, and chaos have been observed in the bifurcation diagram, revealing the period-doubling route to chaos. The characteristics of these dynamic behaviors are analyzed in detail along with clarifying the physical mechanism of their occurrence. The influences of laser parameters on the dynamic behaviors are investigated through mapping diagrams, and the results show that both the pump intensity and pump ellipticity are crucial to the complicated dynamic behaviors including chaos. Additionally, the increase of the coupling strength, coupling time delay, and frequency detuning have beneficial impacts to chaos while the spin relaxation rate has a harmful effect on the contrary. The comparison results on different parameter planes illustrate that the time-delay signature (TDS) suppression and bandwidth enhancement can be achieved simultaneously when coupling strength, frequency detuning and pump strength are relatively large. Therefore, the MCSP-VCSELs have an application prospect in chaos-based fields.

Parade, plebiscite, pandemic: legitimation efforts in Putin’s fourth term

ABSTRACT Putin’s fourth term as president (2018–2024) has involved new challenges for Russia’s hybrid regime. COVID-19 hit the Kremlin at a sensitive time, when the old institutional forces had been demounted and new arrangements, including extensive constitutional changes, had yet to become cemented. There is an emerging gulf between state rhetoric, PR events, and patriotic performances, on the one hand, and economic chaos, social disorder and dysfunctional state capacity, on the other, which is likely to reduce system legitimacy and cause increased reliance on repressive methods. This article examines Kremlin legitimation efforts across Beetham’s three dimensions: rules, beliefs, and actions. We argue that the regime’s legitimation efforts in 2020–21 have failed to reverse emerging cleavages in public opinion since 2018. Increased reliance on repression and manipulation in this period, combined with the contrast between regime promises and observable realities on the ground, speak not of strength, but of the Kremlin’s increased weakness and embattlement.

The 2020 Pandemic and the Preceding Decades of Revelatory Evidence

The 2020 pandemic suddenly emerged and left devastating consequences on global societies; the origin is still debated as are treatments and preventive steps. This research had a goal of extracting a common denominator for the disease dominance and find important preceding evidence for its rising pathogenicity, all through public domain records. Systems science, based on biologic principles, was used to identify patterns in extracted data, categorize them into either, unhealthy states of chaos and entropy, or a health territory; those classifications led to knowledge creation. The identified long-term evidence has been pointing to an unfavorable resolution of the unhealthy states of global societies. This study highlights the upstream etiology to this downstream disease that lie in the vanished individual health, propelled by the extraordinarily persistent separation of decision-consequences learning loop; it is only an individual who can extract meaning and learn from each completed loop, thus gaining health; no amount of health care can ever do that.

Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry Assisted Metallo-Supramolecular Chemistry

Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry Assisted Metallo-Supramolecular Chemistry

Demarcation Lines in the Ukrainian Society: Genesis, Structure, Overcoming

The subject of the study is the lines of demarcation in the Ukrainian society, which affect its ability for self-organization and development. The methodological paradigm of the search is the Lipset-Rokkan model, which has been successfully tested in the analysis of political changes in European countries. The peculiarities of the origin and development of such fundamental social oppositions are highlighted: center-periphery, state-church, city-village, owner-worker. Their content was dramatically influenced by the colonial position of Ukraine in the Russian Empire (in all its historical forms). The consequences of such influence are still being felt in Russia’s aggressive intentions to leave Ukraine in its sphere of influence, the destructive role of the Russian Orthodox Church, the formation of anti-state movements and structures, and so on. The destructive effect of such influence can be traced in the potential threat of transforming traditional lines of demarcation in the so-called “Red” lines of opposition. These are artificial constructs that feed on the invasive policy of the aggressor and are aimed at introducing states of chaos and disorder into Ukrainian society, with the prospect of undermining and destroying the statehood and identity of Ukraine in general. In this context, the strategic vectors of Ukraine’s sustainable development are the reorientation to European values, comprehensive support of national culture and spirituality, implementation of the full-fledged land reform, creation of a national labor market, legalization of the shadow economy, establishment of the national security system. The political and legal basis for such changes should be the synergetic interaction of the democratic development of the society and the establishment of the rule of law in the activities of citizens and the state.

Types of Grotesque Character in Ahmad Alsaadawi’s Frankstein in Baghdad

Grotesque is a term that describes everything that seems unfamiliar. It includes the anomaly, the distorted, the ugly, the strange, and the mad, all of which have a philosophical dimension that rejects the monistic and absolute view and is based on the contradictory duality that expresses the individual’s reality in its two parts: the bright and the dark, the complete and the imperfect. The events in Frankenstein in Baghdad take place in the years of 2005 and 2006 when Iraq witnessed a severe state of chaos, destruction and killing. These horrific incidents are reflected in the characters of the novel as they appear to be distorted, insane, marginalized, cynical, quackery, masked, and blind. The value of the novel lies in its focus on this deep distortion that almost dominates the characters in terms of form and content, especially when they lost a sense of their value in Grotesque space. Consequently, these characters were granted their privacy and were allowed to interact and move in this grotesque space to adopt a world saturated with wounds, refraction, and pain without finding a way out of their misery except through sarcasm, which gives a deep meaning to their situation. Keyword: Novel, Frankenstein, Grotesque, Distortion, Frankenstein in Baghdad.

Effects of toxicity and zooplankton selectivity on plankton dynamics under seasonal patterns of viruses with time delay

Intricate functional diversities in marine ecosystems often lead to exhibit a variety of dynamical behaviors, including chaos. To bring order into such chaotic situations, the system develops different mechanisms of self‐adaptability. Our present investigation is based on the study of an eco‐epidemiological model for virally infected toxic phytoplankton and zooplankton system. Both healthy and infected phytoplankton are assumed to be exposed to grazer zooplankton with a varying degree of exposure. An extension is made by introducing the fact that viral replication process in a lysis event is mediated by some time lag. To achieve more realistic and explicit outcomes of the existing phenomena correlated with our model, we consider the force of infection and replication of free viruses as seasonally forced. We find that time delay accounts for recurrent stability switching event in the system. The chaotic behavior is observed in the seasonally forced delayed system, which indicates the emergence of harmful blooms. The main motive is to gain a clear insight into the field of synchronization and stabilization of the irregular behaviors of the system. Our investigations suggest that increased strength of toxic compounds exuded by phytoplankton species may suppress the prevalence of chaotic disorder and drives the system into a zooplankton‐free zone. The intensity of selective grazing of zooplankton changes the state of chaos to order and promotes the disease‐free system.

Nonlinear Vibration Characteristics of the Involute Spline Coupling in Aeroengine with the Parallel Misalignment

In order to control the vibration of the involute spline coupling in aeroengine well and reduce the fretting wear, a bending–torsion coupling nonlinear vibration model of the involute spline coupling with the misalignment was proposed, and a dynamic meshing stiffness function with multiteeth engagement was established. Then, the influence of different misalignment, wear, and rotation speeds with different misalignment on the nonlinear vibration characteristics of the involute aviation spline coupling was explored. The result shows that with an increase of the parallel misalignment, the system experienced the state of a single period, a quasiperiod, multiperiod, and chaos but finally only alternated between the quasiperiod and the chaos state. The uneven wear of each tooth of the spline displayed a significant influence on the vibration of the spline coupling, and the influence of the uniform wear was smaller under given conditions here. Furthermore, with an increase of the speed, the larger the misalignment was, the more times the system entered or left the chaos state were. The model proposed here is found to be closer to the actual working conditions, and the analysis results can provide more accurate external load conditions for the prediction of the fretting damage of the spline coupling in aeroengine.

Natural relativism in lieu of moral absolutism

Natural relativism in lieu of moral absolutism

The influence of illness perception, anxiety and depression disorders on students mental health during COVID-19 outbreak in Pakistan: a Web-based cross-sectional survey

PurposeSince the emergence of a coronavirus disease (2019-nCoV) in December 2019, the whole world is in a state of chaos. Isolation strategy with quarantine is a useful model in controlling transmission and rapid spread. As a result, people remained at home and disrupted their outside daily activities. It led to the closure of educational institutes, which is a source of many students to cope with numerous personal and familial issues. This study aims to focus on exploring the relationships and potential mediational pathways between mental health problems, illness perception, anxiety and depression disorders.Design/methodology/approachThe study incorporated snowball sampling techniques through a cross-sectional, Web-based survey and recruited 500 students from different universities of twin cities, Rawalpindi and Islamabad from March 23 to April 15, 2020, during the coronavirus outbreak lockdown. The study used four instruments, Beck Depression Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire and The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale for assessing depression, anxiety, illness perception and mental health disorders.FindingsThe findings indicated normal (43.2%), mild (20.5%), moderate (13.6%) and severe (22.7%) levels of anxiety prevalence in students. Results specified a normal (65.9%), mild (9.10%), moderate (9.12%) and severe (15.90%) depression prevalence and findings stipulated that anxiety disorder prevalence was higher than depression disorder. The correlational results specified a negative and significant relationship between mental health, illness perception, anxiety and depression symptoms. The multiple regression analysis stated that anxiety and depression disorders mediated the relationship between mental health and present illness perception. The perception of illness exhibited a relation to depression and anxiety disorders.Originality/valueThe study proposed a model to address mental health problems during the lockdown. The (2019-nCoV) illness perception developed mental disorders, including anxiety and depression, which has declined individuals’ mental health. There is an urgent need for ongoing clinical examination and management to address psychological disorders and findings suggest assessing mental health to combatting the pandemic worldwide. Findings recommend developing strategies to promote mental health-care facilities during COVID-19 wide-ranging disasters. These results highlight the impending importance of devising strategies to treat mental health problems.

Testing of Social Disorganization Theory

Social disorganization means the loss of social control, or the creation of a legal vacuum, where comes to a state of organizational chaos, the imbalance of social order and disregard for social norms, where the efficiency of institutions is paralyzed or lost, and consequently social disorganization prevails. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the point of views of some authors in the field of sociology and criminology who argue the connections of the social disorganization theory with new theories on one hand, and on the other hand give critiques of this theory. A specific purpose is to compare the findings in the research of these authors to explain the various factors that influence the occurrence of social disorganization. Due to the complexity of the research, several methods are used in this paper such as the method of analysis and synthesis, the methods of induction and deduction, and considering the analysis of the social disorganization theory, also the comparative method is used in this paper. These methods will be used to support each other in overcoming the problem during testing the social disorganization theory. This paper will serve as an aid to sociologists, criminologists, professionals in the field, and those interested in learning more about the social disorganization theory

How seasonal variations in birth and transmission rates impact population dynamics in a basic SIR model

The changing climate is expected to alter the timings of key events in species life-histories. These shifts are likely to have important consequences for infectious disease dynamics, as the distribution and abundance of host species will lead to a different environment for parasites. Previous work has shown how seasonality in single host traits - most commonly the reproduction rate or transmission rate - can lead to an array of complex epidemiological dynamics, including chaos and multiple-stable states, with changes to the timing and amplitude of the seasonal peaks often driving drastic changes in behaviour. However, more than one life-history trait is likely to be seasonal, and changing environmental conditions may impact each of them in different ways, yet there have been few studies of host-parasite dynamics that include more than one seasonal trait. Here we examine a Susceptible-Infected-Recovered epidemiological model in which both reproduction and transmission exhibit seasonal fluctuations. We examine how the amplitude and timing of these seasonal peaks impact disease dynamics. We show that the relative timing of the two events is key, with the most stable dynamics when births peak a few months before transmission. We also show that chaotic dynamics become more likely when transmission in particular has a high amplitude, and when baseline transmission and virulence are high. Our results emphasise the importance of seasonality and timing of host life-history events to disease dynamics.

Dynamics Analysis of Rolling Bearings for Motor of a Mobile Power Station

The electric motor is an important part of a mobile power station. Under the complex operating conditions, the stiffness of the rolling bearing exhibits strong time-varying characteristics and non-linear characteristics, which is the one of the main sources for the system non-linearity. Taking the angular contact bearing as the research object, the coupled dynamic model of the bearing-rotor system is established to calculate the time-varying stiffness. The bifurcation law exhibited by the system can be attributed to the excitation of the non-linear bearing force. The numerical calculation method is used to study the motion state bifurcation law and dynamic frequency response characteristics under the rated working condition of the motor. Considering bearing damping, clearance and radial load, the bifurcation and time domain diagrams of different parameters, displacements and rotation speeds in different directions are studied respectively. The results show that when the parameters change, the system will experience chaos, quasi-period and period-doubling motion state; Damping suppresses vibration very clearly, while changes in bearing clearance and radial load significantly cause the system’s vibration amplitude to increase, and radial load changes accelerate system vibration. A reasonable bearing is of great significance for motor the design of a mobile power station.

Complexity Analysis for Price Competition of Agricultural Products with Regional Brands

The disordered price competition among various agricultural business agents leads to chaos of agricultural products’ prices, which makes it difficult for customers to form stable price expectation and correct brand cognition, restricting the sales of agricultural products with regional brands. Based on the Salop circular market model with bounded rationality and delayed feedback, this paper discusses the complexity in price competition of agricultural products with regional brands. It is found that when the price adjustment speed of agricultural business agents exceeds the stability region, the pricing system of agricultural products with regional brands would appear the phenomenon of periodic bifurcation or chaos. The delayed feedback controlling mechanism of price adjustment could make the pricing system in the chaos state turn to the equilibrium state. Therefore, the price fluctuation of agricultural products with regional brands needs reasonable control from the industrial associations and government departments.

A grounded theory of clinical nurses' process of coping during COVID-19.

Aims and ObjectivesTo explore clinical nurses’ process of coping during COVID‐19 and develop a grounded theory that can be used by leaders to support clinical nurses during a disaster.BackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has provoked widespread disruption to clinical nurses’ work. It is important to understand clinical nurses’ processes of coping during disasters to support the nursing workforce during events such as global pandemics.DesignWe employed the Corbin and Strauss variant of grounded theory methodology, informed by symbolic interactionism, and applied the EQUATOR guidelines for qualitative research publication (COREQ).MethodsData collection entailed semi‐structured interviews with experienced clinical nurses (n =20) across diverse settings. We analysed data by identifying key points in the nurses’ coping processes inductively building concepts around these points.ResultsThe predictor of nurses’ outcomes in this grounded theory was their confidence in their ability to cope during the pandemic. When nurses lacked confidence, they experienced working in the context of acute COVID—a state of chaos and anxiety, with negative consequences for nurses. However, when nurses were confident in their abilities to cope with the pandemic, they experienced working in the context of chronic COVID, a calmer state of acceptance. There were many workplace factors that influenced nurses’ confidence, including adequacy of personal protective equipment, clear information and guidance, supportive leadership, teamwork and adequate staffing.ConclusionsUnderstanding clinical nurses’ experience of coping during COVID‐19 is essential to maintain the nursing workforce during similar disasters.Relevance to clinical practiceNurse leaders can target areas that support nurses’ confidence, such as adequate PPE and staffing. In turn, increased confidence enables clinical nurses to cope during disasters such as a global pandemic.

Selenocompounds and Sepsis: Redox Bypass Hypothesis for Early Diagnosis and Treatment: Part A-Early Acute Phase of Sepsis: An Extraordinary Redox Situation (Leukocyte/Endothelium Interaction Leading to Endothelial Damage).

Significance: Sepsis is a health disaster. In sepsis, an initial, beneficial local immune response against infection evolves rapidly into a generalized, dysregulated response or a state of chaos, leading to multiple organ failure. Use of life-sustaining supportive therapies creates an unnatural condition, enabling the complex cascades of the sepsis response to develop in patients who would otherwise die. Multiple attempts to control sepsis at an early stage have been unsuccessful. Recent Advances: Major events in early sepsis include activation and binding of leukocytes and endothelial cells in the microcirculation, damage of the endothelial surface layer (ESL), and a decrease in the plasma concentration of the antioxidant enzyme, selenoprotein-P. These events induce an increase in intracellular redox potential and lymphocyte apoptosis, whereas apoptosis is delayed in monocytes and neutrophils. They also induce endothelial mitochondrial and cell damage. Critical Issues: Neutrophil production increases dramatically, and aggressive immature forms are released. Leukocyte cross talk with other leukocytes and with damaged endothelial cells amplifies the inflammatory response. The release of large quantities of reactive oxygen, halogen, and nitrogen species as a result of the leukocyte respiratory burst, endothelial mitochondrial damage, and ischemia/reperfusion processes, along with the marked decrease in selenoprotein-P concentrations, leads to peroxynitrite damage of the ESL, reducing flow and damaging the endothelial barrier. Future Directions: Endothelial barrier damage by activated leukocytes is a time-sensitive event in sepsis, occurring within hours and representing the first step toward organ failure and death. Reducing or stopping this event is necessary before irreversible damage occurs.