State Medical University Research Articles

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ УФ-СПЕКТРОФОТОМЕТРИИ В АНАЛИЗЕ И СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ СУБСТАНЦИИ 2-БЕНЗОИЛАМИНО-N-[4-(4,6-ДИМЕТИЛПИРИМИДИН-2-ИЛСУЛЬФАМОИЛ)-ФЕНИЛ]-БЕНЗАМИДА

Borderline neuropsychiatric disorders firmly hold a leading position in a large group of mental illnesses, among which neuroses occupy a significant place. The increasing number of patients with diseases associated with neuropsychiatric disorders makes the search and introduction of highly effective anxiolytics and antidepressants into medical practice increasingly important. In parallel with the search for medicinal substances with such pharmacological properties, it is necessary to resolve issues of standardization and quality control. One of these drugs may be a new synthetic derivative of ortho-benzoylaminobenzoic acid, which has antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. This compound was synthesized at the department of organic chemistry of the Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute under the leadership of professor Kodonidi I.P. Several biologically active compounds were synthesized - derivatives of o-benzoylaminobenzoic acid, one of which is 2-benzoylamino-N-[4-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-ylsulfamoyl)-phenyl]-benzamide (laboratory code - PMFI-195) . Preliminary pharmacological studies of PMFI-195, carried out on the basis of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Stavropol State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia and the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the North Caucasus Federal University, under the leadership of professor Manvelyan E.A., showed the promise of developing a drug based on the substance PMFI-195 for the treatment of such diseases such as depression, neuroses, psychopathy, neurosis-like and psycho-like states. Quality control and development of modern methods of pharmaceutical analysis is one of the basic stages of introducing pharmaceutical substances into production. This requires an in-depth study of physicochemical characteristics, as well as the selection and justification of methods of analysis and quality control of pharmaceuticals. substances. The results of the developed method for the qualitative determination by UV spectrophotometric method of a new quinosalinone derivative 2-benzoylamino-N-[4-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-ylsulfamoyl)-phenyl]-benzamide, which has anxiolytic and antidepressant activity, are presented.

PRACTICAL TRAINING OF HIGHER EDUCATION LEARNERS IN SPECIALTY STOMATOLOGY AT BUKOVINIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

Considerable changes have taken place in the health care system of Ukraine. Theseprocesses produce a great influence on higher medical education, and therefore, it issignificantly transforming. Comprehensive mastering of a substantial amount of practicalskills, continuous advance of professional training quality is one of the important tasks athigher medical educational institutions. Training of a dentist involves practical trainingof essential common medical manipulations as well as special skills in diagnostics,prevention, and treatment of dental diseases.Objective structured clinical exam (OSCE) is a leading one in training of highereducation learners in the field of dentistry. The exam stimulates learning and concentratesstudent attention on acquiring clinical competence, increases the quality of educationalexperience of those taking the exam. It provides validity and reliability of assessment,qualitative feedback relations with current assessment of knowledge and skills of students.Objective – to analyze the educational- professional program «Stomatology» anddirections of its implementation among higher education learners at the departments ofstomatology.Materials and methods. Analysis of the educational- professional program «Stomatology»,psychological- pedagogical and methodological literature, materials of educationalmethodological conferences, methodological work of the departments. To achieve theaim, to specify the content and peculiarities of implementation of up-to-date pedagogicalmethods in the educational process the following theoretical methods of the research areapplied: analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, and systematization.Conclusions. Implementation of the educational program 221 «Stomatology» atBukovinian State Medical University is based on current scientific achievements ofstomatology and dentistry aid system. The program considers special distinctive featuresin the development of the regional health care system under conditions of labor markettransformation. Education is focused on a qualified practical dentistry training oflearners by means of integration of international innovation educational technologies.OSCE produces a positive effect on the educational process, since it stimulates learning.The attention of learners is concentrated on mastering clinical competence. Studentknowledge is assessed under conditions as close as possible to clinical ones. It helpsaccurate assessment of their skills and abilities necessary in professional work.

Ways to solve the problem of training highly qualified internists

Training a highly qualified internist in residency is a multifaceted task facing the teaching staff of the Kuban State Medical University.The aim of the study was to analyze the long-term experience of training internal medicine physicians (from 2019 to 2022) at the Kuban State Medical University.Conclusion. A developed methodological system for personalized preparation of internists, the integration of theoretical and practical training, the individual work of students with ongoing progress monitoring of each resident, the mentor system, as well as the active use of modern technical equipment, novel methodological techniques, digital and simulation technologies, introduced organizational measures and material incentives for students have made it possible to achieve 100% employment of General Medicine residency graduates of the Kuban State Medical University in recent years.

Readiness of medical graduates to self-guided work in primary health care organizations

Aim. To study the opinion of senior medical students about their readiness for self-guided practice in primary health care organizations.Material and methods. In 2023, a continuous cross- sectional social study was conducted among 5th and 6th year students of the Northern State Medical University (Arkhangelsk), of which 137 were from pediatric faculty (5th year — 70, 6th year — 65), 266 — general medicine faculty (5th year — 140, 6th year — 126).Results. An insufficient level of readiness of medical graduates for self-guided practice in primary health care facilities was revealed. Only 19,0%, after passing the primary accreditation, aim to immediately work as a local pediatrician and a local general practitioner, while 44,2% are not ready to begin independent practical activity. The main work direction of a local physician is considered to be prevention by 67,2% and 28,6% of senior pediatric and general medicine students, respectively. More than 75% of graduates are ready to work independently in a medical information system, but 15,1% of respondents are not sure that they will be able to independently make an electronic sick note, while 41% — a referral for disability examination, and about a third of graduates — fill out a statistical electronic form.Conclusion. The study results confirm the need to strengthen the practice in the training of medical students and introduce a mentoring system in primary health care facilities.

Dynamics of parameters of human cardiovascular and respiratory systems under the influence of speleoclimat

Speleotherapy uses the conditions of salt mines and caves to treat diseases of the skin and respiratory systems, to restore patients after illnesses, to maintain health, and stimulate the immune system. The purpose of this study is to study the dynamics of the parameters of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of a person under the influence of speleoclimate. The study involved studens of 1–2 courses of the Voronezh State Medical University. N.N. Burdenko. Every day for 10 days of speleotherapy after the end of speleotherapy, blood pressure, pulse, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and lung capacity were measured. The analysis of the obtained data was carried out using Excel and StatPlus Pro programs. It was revealed that human adaptation to the speleoclimate occurs both due to the frequency and strength of the heart contraction. The dynamics of the parameters of the respiratory system under the influence of speleoclimate reflects the adaptation of the study participants to the speleoclimate mainly due to the depth of breathing, to a lesser extent – due to the frequency of breathing. Mobilization of adaptive resources and the state of tension of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems during the development of the anxiety stage under the influence of speleoclimate is formed mainly due to intersystem mechanisms. Tension in the cardiovascular system persists after the 10th speleo procedure. It is shown that the speleoclimate has the ability to restore the vegetative status of a person. Differences in the dynamics of breathing parameters in girls and boys under the influence of speleoclimate were revealed.

Hygienic problem of providing university students with educational furniture

The primary task of state policy is to preserve and improve the health of young people, which requires compliance with the hygienic regulations of the educational process and the educational environment, including educational furniture. The present study substantiates hygienic recommendations for the selection of educational furniture at the university, taking into account the sexual structure of students. 75 % of girls and 25 % of boys study at Omsk State Medical University. To ensure the correct working position, two thirds (65 %) of students need furniture No. 5, 20 % of students need furniture No. 6, 11 % need furniture No. 4, and 4 % of students taller than 185 cm need furniture No. 7. Thus, the inclusion of furniture No. 7 in the regulations of sanitary rules is required. The results of the conducted research can provide significant assistance to the university administration in purchasing educational furniture.

Requirements for digitalization of optimization technologies in healthcare: sociological research

BACKGROUND: The relevance of the study is due to the insufficient study of the requirements for digitalization in healthcare.
 AIM: The aim of this research is the scientific substantiation of requirements for digitalization of optimization technologies in healthcare, and their approbation on the model of management decision-making in medical institutions.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: An anonymous survey involved 32 teaching experts from organizational departments and the Department of Philosophy, Humanities and Psychology of Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky, where optimization technologies have been rapidly developed and introduced into teaching and practice. Experts were asked to use a 10-point scale to evaluate the list of requirements for digitalization of optimization technologies in healthcare, and their significance. As the data distribution did not correspond to the binomial Gauss–Newton curve, the assessment of the reliability of differences was performed using the nonparametric Mann–Whitney criterion.
 RESULTS: A list of seven requirements for the digitalization of optimization technologies in healthcare, relevant to information support, automated evaluation of the initial state, implementation of the provisions of flexible changes methodology, virtualization of the optimization goal, cyclic optimization process, unified information space, organization of professional training was designed. Since the significance of all these requirements is essential (more than 8.0 points), we can suggest that when assessing the compliance of a particular technology, the entire list should be implemented. It turned productive to use the results of designing the technology for optimization of managerial decision-making in medical institutions for approbation of reasonable requirements.
 CONCLUSION: The requirements for digitalization of optimization technology in healthcare have been substantiated. It has been proved that the technology of optimizing managerial decision-making in medical institutions is digitized. The findings of this study can be used in both assessing the degree of digitalization of optimization technologies in healthcare and the professional training of healthcare managers.

Comprehensive management of Pindborg tumor in childhood: a case report

Relevance. The calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor, also known as Pindborg tumor, is a locally aggressive neoplasm characterized by strands and medullary formations of flat and clear cells, often accompanied by spherical calcifications and amyloid-stained hyaline deposits. The Pindborg tumor is rare, representing less than 1% of odontogenic tumors, and typically manifests in individuals aged 20 to 60 years. However, there is a growing incidence of neoplasms of diverse origins in childhood. This article presents a clinical case detailing the comprehensive multi-stage treatment of a pediatric patient with a Pindborg tumor, facilitating complete rehabilitation before reaching adulthood.Clinical case description. This article presents a clinical case detailing the comprehensive management of a patient with a Pindborg tumor. The individual initially sought treatment at the Department of Pediatric Maxillofacial Surgery of A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State Medical and Dental University in 2020, undergoing complete combined treatment until November 2023. Full rehabilitation was successfully achieved by the time of adulthood through a series of four consecutive surgeries, including dental implantation, followed by prosthetics utilizing a non-removable orthopedic structure in the final stage.Conclusion. Initiating comprehensive rehabilitation at an early stage, including dental implantation before reaching adulthood, facilitates complete social adaptation in society and contributes to the patient's harmonious development.

Analysis of the adaptation potential of the cardiovascular system of students studying in medical specialties

Relevance. Studying the adaptive potential of students is an important way to assess the level of health and early career guidance of future doctors.The purpose of the study is to study the adaptive potential of the cardiovascular system among second-year medical university students.Object and methods. The study involved 507 students of both sexes studying in their second year at Samara State Medical University. At the first stage of the study, anthropometric parameters were studied in all subjects. At the second stage, an analysis of the adaptive potential was carried out by calculating the following indicators: index of functional changes, adaptive potential according to the equation of L.A. Konevskikh, Robinson index.Conclusions. An analysis of the functional state of the cardiovascular system of medical university students revealed that the majority of students already in their second year have a disruption of adaptation processes, which is associated with low functional capabilities of the body, tension in adaptation mechanisms and disruption in the functioning of regulatory systems.

Retroperitoneal synovial sarcoma

Synovial sarcoma of the retroperitoneum is a rare and aggressive tumor. In some cases, differential diagnosis between retroperitoneal sarcoma and adrenocortical cancer is difficult due to the similar clinical and intrascopic manifestations of these neoplasms. The final diagnosis is established based on the results of histological, immunohistochemical and genetic studies. The most important step in the treatment of synovial sarcoma is complete removal of the tumor. However, despite the radical nature of the intervention, the incidence of local relapse and metastasis remains high.
 AIM: to conduct a retrospective analysis of the parameters of operated patients with synovial sarcoma of the retroperitoneum.
 This study is aimed at studying the results of examination and surgical treatment of patients with synovial sarcoma of the retroperitoneal space who were hospitalized in the E.E. Eichwald Clinic surgical department of the North-Western State Medical University named after. I.I. Mechnikov.
 The patients were assessed for hormonal status using an immunoassay to determine the levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, aldosterone, renin, normetanephrine and metanephrine in the blood, and a dexamethasone suppression test has been performed at a dose of 1 mg. High-performance liquid chromatography has determined 6 glucocorticoids in the blood serum: cortisol, cortisone, corticosterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, 11-dehydrocorticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol. The urine steroid profile was studied in all the patients using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. All the patients underwent computed tomography of the abdominal organs and retroperitoneal space with contrast, morphological and immunohistochemical examination of the removed material. The material was fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. The pieces were then subjected to standard wiring followed by embedding in paraffin. Sections 2–3 microns thick were prepared from the resulting blocks and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Immunohistochemical studies were performed on paraffin sections. A panel of monoclonal antibodies was used: protein S-100 (poly), pancytokeratin (AE1/AE3), EMA, cytokeratin-8, -18, chromogranin A, synaptophysin, α-inhibin, SOX-10, CD99, TLE-1, bcl- 2, GATA-3. Postoperative outcomes and follow-up were assessed according to the information in the medical records and data obtained from a telephone conversation with each patient. Statistical processing of the results has not been out due to rare cases of the disease.

Integration of digital services in the work of accreditation and simulation center of medical educational organization: experience, problems and prospects

The experience of using universal digital services in the accreditation and simulation center of Yaroslavl State Medical University for the period from 2016 to 2023 was studied. More than 1,000 specialists are trained at the center per year. Over the entire period, 4,684 people underwent the accreditation procedure. The introduction of simulation technologies into medical education requires a high level of automation and digitalization of basic processes. Implemented tools and services of a modular object-oriented dynamic learning environment, a designer of online courses and training simulators, an electronic schedule, cloud technologies and online services, including those based on artificial intelligence. This allowed the training center to provide effective management both within the current educational process and during periods of peak load during the accreditation procedure for specialists.

Reactivation of cytomegalovirus, human herpes virus, and Epstein-Barr virus infections after hemapoietic stem cell transplantation in children

Study objective: to evaluate frequency of CMV, HHV-6, and EBV reactivation in children within 60 days after HSCT.Materials and methods: The study was carried out in Raisa Gorbacheva Memorial Research Institute for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Transplantation of the Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University We analyzed 95 medical records of pediatric patients who underwent HSCT in 2021. Pretransplant serostatus for CMV, EBV, HHV-6 was studied, as well as the frequency and timing of virus reactivation after transplantation. In the prospective part, 35 children aged from 1 to 17 years were enrolled. The pretransplant evaluation included detection of anti-CMV, anti-HHV-6, and anti-EBV IgM and IgG by ELISA, and blood PCR for viremia. DNA of herpes viruses was identified by quantitative blood PCR on the day of HSCT, and then 10, 20, 30 and 60 days after HSCT. The number of viral DNA copies was calculated per 105 cells. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS Statistics 22 software package.Results: On pre-transplant evaluation, 47 of 95 pediatric patients were tested for CMV with positive result in 36 children, 27 patients were tested for EBV and 17 were positive. HHV-6 DNA was detected in 3 of 25 patientsMostly, reactivation of herpes viruses occurred in the early period up to 60 days. HHV-6 reactivation was observed on average 25±4 days after transplantation, significantly earlier than for CMV and EBV.In a prospective study, reactivation of CMV, HHV-6, and EBV was revealed in 28 (80%) patients within 60 days of transplantation, with a maximum number of patients in 20 days after HSCT.A trend toward an increase in CMV and HHV-6 concentration in blood was observed on days 10 and 20 after HSCT, with a maximum viral load of HHV-6 and minimal EBV replicative activity. Clinically significant manifestations of herpesvirus infection were diagnosed in 19 (54.3%) patients.Conclusion: High seropositivity for CMV and EBV was revealed in children before transplantation. Herpes viruses reactivation occurs early in post-transplant period, on the 20th day after HSCT, HHV-6 in forms of mono- and mixed infection predominates with a trend toward increasing viral load.

Operator dependence of methods for obtaining metric characteristics of a face with real measurements and digital images

BACKGROUND: No studies in the scientific literature have established the operator dependence of portrait identification with the manual method of measuring facial parameters in subjects compared with measurements from digital images. The labor costs and accuracy of the measurements with these methods have not been established.
 AIM: To establish the operator dependence of methods of real-face measurement and measurement on digital images.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: Facial parameters were instrumentally measured in 24 Caucasian women aged 19–20 years who were studying at the Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University by four researchers independently of each other. The same type of standard digital photography of each subject’s face was taken in five projections, followed by a comparison of the results of real measurements with digital ones.
 RESULTS: When comparing the results of facial measurements obtained from digital images and manual method, an error was observed both in the measurements of one parameter by one researcher using two methods and in the excellent results obtained by other researchers. However, the greatest deviations were observed with the manual method, which may be due to the dependence of measurements on the operator.
 CONCLUSION: With a streamlined and methodically verified approach to working with digital facial images, this technique is more accurate and less labor-intensive than real measurements because of the absence of operator dependence, which can be used in investigating crimes.

Моделирование процесса привлечения кадров в медицинские организации, оказывающие медицинскую помощь сельскому населению.

The shortage of medical specialists and their disproportionate distribution both across territories and specialties is a global health problem. According to the Russian Federal State Statistics Service, the shortage of medical personnel as of 2022 is 84.7 thousand people, of which 26.5 thousand are doctors; compared to 2021, the problem of shortage of nursing staff is less acute, but the shortage of doctors remains. An integral part of personnel policy is the process of retaining qualified specialists. The complex motivations of employees to stop or continue working in an organization interact with the personnel decisions of a healthcare organization, which in turn requires a joint study of both the characteristics of the employees and the characteristics of the organization. Purpose of the study is to model the process of attracting personnel to medical organizations providing medical care to the rural population. Materials and methods. Data on 151 students of targeted training who entered the Orenburg State Medical University in 2011 were studied. Using machine learning methods, a mathematical model was built that allows identifying students of targeted training with a higher probability of attraction to the medical organization. Results. The presented data set is unbalanced in terms of the target variable, since only 16.8% of students continued to work in the organization. Among all the options, the most optimal in cross-validation was the use of a decision tree using weights to balance the classes. All studied medical organizations can be divided into 3 groups: organizations with a low level of attraction of specialists, organizations with an average level of attraction of specialists and organizations with a high level of attraction of specialists. Based on the data obtained and analysis of publications, measures were proposed to improve the personnel policy of medical organizations of each type. Findings. Therefore, healthcare organizations have the opportunity to monitor the attraction process of targeted students through factors related to the characteristics of the organization, such as working conditions, reputation and image, career opportunities, and others.

ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF THYROID NODULES

The study included the results of treatment of 368 patients with benign thyroid nodules who were admitted to the surgi-cal department of the multidisciplinary clinic of Samarkand State Medical University in the period from 2010 to 2023. Depending on the volume of the thyroid gland to be removed, the following types of operations were performed: Thy-roidectomy, Subtotal resection of the thyroid gland, Hemithyroidectomy with partial resection of the other lobe of the thyroid gland, Hemithyroidectomy, Partial resection of the thyroid gland. The developed algorithm for choosing tactics for surgical treatment of thyroid nodules, taking into account the volume of removal of the thyroid gland according to the conclusion of fine-needle aspiration biopsy or express bopsy, made it possible to improve the quality of care provid-ed by reducing the frequency of immediate postoperative complications from 14.8% (40 patients in the group compari-son) to 2.9% (4 patients in the main group) (χ2 criterion = 4.954; Df=1; p=0.027) and unsatisfactory results in the long-term postoperative period from 32.1% (52 patients in the comparison group) to 11, 3% (in 12 patients in the main group) (χ2 criterion = 4.692; Df = 1; p = 0.031).

100 ЛЕТ ПРОТИВОТУБЕРКУЛЕЗНОЙ СЛУЖБЕ АРХАНГЕЛЬСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

The article is devoted to the history of TB service in Arkhangelsk region – a structure that celebrated its anniversary in 2023. It illuminates key dates and events, historical figures and organizations that made a great contribution to the establishment and development of TB service, including the Department of Phthisiopulmonology of the Northern State Medical University (NSMU), formerly Arkhangelsk State Medical Institute (ASMI).

Mіжнародний конгрес Європейського респіраторного товариства 2023: Презентація українських здобутків

Abstract. From September 9 to 13, 2023, the hybrid Congress of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) was held in Milan (Italy) for the second time. In 2023, more than 20.000 people attended the Congress, participating both in person and online. The aim: to analyze abstracts of scientific works on pulmonology and phthysiology that were presented by Ukrainian scientists at the ERS International Congress 2023. Materials and methods. The data regarding the abstracts of scientific reports were obtained from the Congress website and the online program of the personal account of an ERS member, doctor of medical sciences, professor Galyna Gumeniuk. Results. Scientists from Ukraine presented 52 scientific reports at the Congress: 45 on pulmonology and 7 on phthisiology, which is 1.28 % (52 out of 4 067) of all posters submitted to this forum. The largest number of Ukrainian papers — 15 — was devoted to the problems of COVID-19, 14 to the issues of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 3 to the issues of bronchial asthma, 3 to tobacco smoking and two related to bronchiectasis. In 2023, both international cooperation and interaction of Ukrainian pulmonologists of various institutions in joint work within the countries continued. Conclusions. The main directions of scientific developments in respiratory medicine in Ukraine are issues of broncho-obstructive pulmonary diseases and COVID-19. The most active participation in the event were taken by the scientists from the Dnipro State Medical University, Yanovsky National institute of phthisiology and pulmonology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Vinnytsya National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, and Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University.

Sphenoid sinus disease in geriatric patients: an analytical approach

The article presents an analytical approach based on intelligent statistical processing of different medical data to the diagnosis and treatment of sphenoid sinus diseases in elderly patients. With the increasing average lifespan and the widespread use of CT and MRI, the detectability of sphenoid sinus diseases is expected to increase, including among the elderly population. A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who received treatment for sphenoid sinus diseases at the Otorhinolaryngology Clinic of the I.P. Pavlov St. Petersburg State Medical University. The study analyzed more than 50 patients with sphenoid sinus pathology, with 9.8% classified as elderly individuals aged 60 years or older. The most common symptom in elderly patients was headache, and surgical treatment was required in 80% of cases half due to the ineffectiveness of conservative therapy and another 40% due to the presence of formations in the sinus (mycetomas). The postoperative period continued without complications and the mean hospital stay was 7 days. Successful treatment of sphenoiditis in the elderly requires a comprehensive diagnosis and an individualized treatment plan. Endoscopic endonasal surgery of the sphenoid sinus can be safely performed in elderly patients with low anesthetic risks and a specialized surgical team. However, our research has limitations, including a small sample size of elderly patients with sphenoid sinus pathology. Future studies could explore factors such as comorbidities, hormonal changes, age-related influences, or lifestyle differences. Such an integrated approach will allow us to delve deeper into the intricacies of sphenoid sinus pathology in elderly patients.

ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ОЦЕНКА РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ПРОКСИМАЛЬНОЙ СЕГМЕНТАРНОЙ РЕЗЕКЦИИ МАЛОБЕРЦОВОЙ КОСТИ ПРИ ОСТЕОАРТРОЗЕ МЕДИАЛЬНОГО ОТДЕЛА КОЛЕННОГО СУСТАВА

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint is the commonest form of OA. It occurs commonly in the medial compartment because of a preponderance of varus knees. High tibial osteotomy, total knee replacement and unicompartmental knee replacement are technically demanding procedures, while proximal segmental fibular resection (PSFR) significantly relieves pain and improves joint function in knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study was conducted at the department of traumatology and orthopedics at the Belarusian state medical university. The objective of this study was to assess functional outcomes after PSFR and its correlation with bone mineral density. 23 patients with unicompartmental OA with varus deformity were included in the study. Inclusion criteria included patients with moderate-to-severe symptomatic medial unicom- partmental OA of the knee, who had an indication for a surgical procedure, and who were able to give informed consent for the surgery. Exclusion criteria included patients with posttraumatic knee OA or inflammatory joint disease and patients with a history of previous operations or fractures the primary outcome was measured by calculating the ratio of knee joint space. The secondary outcome measure was pain measured by the visual analog scale (VAS).

НОВАЯ КОРОНАВИРУСНАЯ ИНФЕКЦИЯ БЕРЕМЕННЫХ ЖЕНЩИН: ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТЕЧЕНИЯ БЕРЕМЕННОСТИ И ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ ПНЕВМОНИИ НОВОРОЖДЕННЫХ

Introduction. Pregnancy profoundly impacts the immune system, yet the influence of gestational age at COVID-19 contraction and its implications for perinatal outcomes remain uncertain. Aim. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 contracted at various gestational stages on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. Materials and Methods. Retrospective analysis of medical records from 113 mother-newborn pairs, including COVID-19-positive pregnant women, was conducted at the clinical sites of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Novosibirsk State Medical University from 2021 to 2022. The sample was categorized into three study groups based on gestational age at COVID-19 contraction, with a control group of COVID-19-negative pregnant women. Results. Findings revealed a higher incidence of mild COVID-19 in Group 1, while Groups 2 and 3 exhibited a moderate course (p=0.03). Additionally, Groups 2 and 3 demonstrated a higher prevalence of pneumonia (p=0.03) and antibiotic therapy (p=0.02). Complications such as preeclampsia (p=0.002), oligohydramnios (p<0.001), and fetal growth restriction (p=0.02) were more frequent in patients with COVID-19 during pregnancy. Furthermore, fetal distress was more common in study groups 1 and 2 (p=0.002). Neural network analysis allowed for the prediction of pneumonia in newborns with 98.2% accuracy based on factors such as gestational age at COVID-19 contraction, disease severity, presence of oligohydramnios and fetal growth retardation, meconium amniotic fluid, and delivery date. Conclusions. In conclusion, COVID-19 contraction before 34 weeks of gestation often complicates pregnancy, leading to placental insufficiency, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes mellitus, thereby increasing the risk of early delivery and the birth of low-birth-weight children with reduced adaptive capabilities. The development of pneumonia in these newborns exacerbates their condition, often resulting in perinatal losses. Utilizing a neural network for pneumonia prediction may potentially mitigate perinatal losses.