State Information Policy Research Articles

The practice of judicial protection of environmental rights in Ukraine: problems and prospects

The scientific article is devoted to the study of the practical experience of judicial protection of environmental rights. The article defines the main concepts in the field of protection of environmental rights of citizens: “ecological rights”, “judicial protection”, “ecological policy”, “judicial protection of environmental rights” and other concepts in the context of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the subject of research. The scientific article contains an analysis of the norms enshrined in the current legislation of Ukraine regarding the judicial protection of environmental rights of communities and the separate protection of environmental rights of citizens. The peculiarities of the practice of consideration by Ukrainian courts of cases regarding the violation of the environmental rights of citizens are given. The methodology of researching issues of environmental rights of citizens is given. The information policy of the state in the sphere of protection of environmental rights of citizens is defined. The peculiarities of the legal doctrine in the field of judicial protection of citizens’ environmental rights and the protection of citizens’ environmental rights in general are indicated, as well as the proposals of scientists in the field of law to improve the regulatory regulation of citizens’ environmental rights, as well as to improve the practice of judicial protection of citizens’ environmental rights. Peculiarities of normative and legal regulation of the sphere of judicial protection of citizens’ environmental rights have been studied. The environmental rights and obligations of individuals and legal entities in the field of protection of environmental rights are defined, and the responsibility of legal entities and individuals in terms of violation of environmental or nature protection legislation is defined. The importance of increasing the level of ensuring the realization of the environmental rights of citizens in Ukraine by implementing an effective state information policy, improving the legal regulation of ensuring judicial protection of the environmental rights of citizens, and forming an environmental policy to prevent violations of the environmental rights of citizens was emphasized.

Interethnic communications in the formation and implementation of state information policy

The article examines the problems of interethnic communications in the context of changing state information policy and from the point of view of the increasing impact of mass media on social processes in the world. The author introduces the concept of pseudo-communication used by subjects of the global information space, in particular, within the framework of information confrontation. Analyzing the space of political communication, the author draws attention to its saturation with information noise, verbal aggression, which creates problems and barriers in the process of communication between states. These problems are no less characteristic of interethnic communications, that is, for the processes of interaction with certain ethnic groups or between them. Noting the growth of the ethnic factor in modern political processes, the author calls for taking into account the range of problems inherent in interethnic communications at the present stage of their development, in the formation and practical implementation of the state information policy, which should respond to the needs and interests of society, taking into account the cultural and ethnic diversity of its representatives.

Factors of the deviant behaviour in a legal conscious society

The article examines the ontology of factors that determine the emergence and development of deviant behaviour. Given the diversity of the concept of deviance, this social phenomenon is comprehensively studied. Based on the results of the study, an ontology of this phenomenon has been developed. Deviant behaviour is a type of social behaviour contrary to the established rules that exist in society. It is unacceptable for society and the State, violates their interests, norms of morality, ethics, law, etc. The author considers deviant behaviour in the context of unlawfulness of an act, i.e. in the context of legal norms violation existing in society and the State. Another component of the issue under study is legal consciousness, which plays an important role, since it is a factor of deterrence from unlawfulness. The opinions of the scholars are analysed, and a conclusion is made regarding the definition of the concept of “legal consciousness”. Legal consciousness is a form of social consciousness which consists in the ability of a person to understand the existence of legal norms, the need for their observance and implementation. The level of legal awareness determines the potential for a person to commit unlawful behaviour. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain an appropriate level of legal awareness in society in order to reduce the number of cases of unlawful behaviour. This raises the question of identifying the factors that influence the emergence of deviant behaviour. Given that a person is a social being who interacts with other people, one of the factors influencing him or her is the social environment in which he or she lives (family, friends, colleagues, etc.). In addition, human consciousness is influenced by the information field, i.e. the media. Thus, society and the state's information policy are among the main factors influencing people. Human behaviour is formed depending on the information that influences it, and such information is formed on the basis of the effectiveness of compliance with the law by the authorities and their authority in society.

Media as an instrument of Russia's information policy

This article explores the role of the media in the implementation of the state information policy, as well as the possibility of domestic media to become a key tool in the information confrontation with unfriendly countries. Among the main threats in the Doctrine of Information Security of the Russian Federation is the increase in the use of information-psychological influence technologies by intelligence services of certain states, aimed at destabilising the internal political, social and economic situation in various regions of the world, leading to the undermining of sovereignty and violation of territorial integrity of other states. The influence of the media on mass consciousness remains, without exaggeration, extensive, despite the radical changes in the landscape of the media environment caused by the spread of the Internet. In the era of digitalisation, the information space is undergoing significant transformations, which also concern the methods of media influence on mass consciousness. The Internet, having become a global communication platform, has provided the media not only with new channels for content distribution, but also increased their influence through personalisation and algorithmic filtering of information. The author examines the methodology and principles of information flows application in the context of information warfare. The author also analyses the use of media not only as an information intermediary, but also as a conduit of values, ideology and positive image of Russia.

PECULIARITIES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION CULTURE IN THE DOMESTIC SOCIETY UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR

The phenomenon of information culture in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war is analyzed. It has been proven that changes in the priorities of the development of information culture during the war are determined by the course of spiritual confrontation with the enemy, accelerated transformations of public consciousness, the peculiarities of state information policy, and the urgent need to protect the country’s information sovereignty. It is argued that under the influence of the war in Ukraine, including in the spiritual and informational space, all components of information culture are being transformed, particularly its core - the information worldview. The features of the development of the information worldview as a fundamental component of information culture are identified. It is noted that living in an information society without possessing the necessary information culture poses a danger of getting lost in both virtual and real worlds simultaneously. Personal mastery of information culture in modern society is based on theoretical knowledge about the essence, content, features, and regularities of its functioning in societies with different levels of informatization. The negative impact of informational aggression on the formation of the information culture of modern youth is demonstrated. During the war, the information culture of youth is formed and changed at an accelerated pace due to the increase in information flows of both negative and positive nature and under the influence of new information technologies. One of the main problems in the process of forming the information culture of youth in the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war is mastering methods of countering enemy propaganda, developing critical attitudes towards information, and having a value-based worldview barrier to countering fake and anti-Ukrainian narratives. The role of knowledge and the education system in the formation of the information culture of Ukrainian society is revealed.

State Information Policy of Ukraine in the Conditions of a Full-Scale Military Invasion of Russian Federation: Social Mobilization Potential and Efficiency

The article is devoted to determining the social mobilization potential of the state information policy of Ukraine in the conditions of a full-scale military invasion of the Russian Federation. The dependence of the state information policy of Ukraine on the course of events at the front, the successful implementation of mobilization measures and the nature of the organization of countermeasures against enemy informational and psychological operations has been revealed. It is found that during years of full-scale Russian aggression against Ukraine, signs of internal political struggle and populism within the implementation of the state information policy became increasingly evident, as the authorities aimed to portray desired narratives as factual. It is justified that the decrease in trust in the messages broadcast by the 24-hour marathon „Unified News #UAtogether” is attributed to its perception as a pro-government information source and doubts about the veracity of some of its content. It is proven that centralized communication models in the conditions of accelerated development of the information society gave way to social networks, which contributed to the growth of the influence of influencers. Distrust towards official information sources led to the proliferation of alternative content sources on social media, video hosting platforms, and streaming channels. It was determined that the government's plan to spread important information through individual Telegram channels was gradually losing its effectiveness. The reason for this can be called the absence of comprehensive situation analysis and overt positioning of some Telegram channels as pro-government. Furthermore, Ukraine's state information policy emerged as a significant tool in highlighting Russian war crimes and crimes against humanity. The author defined that successful enemy operations aimed at undermining trust in Ukraine's government institutions and fostering unrealistic expectations were noted, which proved unattainable in practice. It was determined that the state information policy should contribute to creating an economic basis for media development. To enhance media project outreach, they should be visually and audibly represented and disseminated digitally, taking into account the increasing influence of artificial intelligence.

Modern Information Policy: The US Experience for Ukraine

The article argues for the need to enhance Ukraine's state modern information policy, identifying potential avenues for improvement of its effectiveness by drawing upon the experience of the United States. It is important to understand that the information policy of the state should be aimed at the formation of the state information space, at expanding and refining the legal framework for regulating social relations based on specific circumstances, dissemination and utilization of information, deepening of the political stability, and ensuring societal information security. Information policy ensures that information resources receive coordinated technological support, offers unrestricted access to them, and provides users with tools for effective information search, use, and transfer. It is essential that the effectiveness of information policy can only be achieved through consensus, involving all interested parties. It is crucial to understand that information policy in times of war entails a set of measures implemented by the state in collaboration with civil society institutions, aimed at regulating information processes and fostering the development of an information society where defense goals take priority. Consequently, a significant challenge arises from the absence of a legislative framework regulating information protection and counteracting new threats in the information sphere, and implements measures regarding responsibility for actions or organized activities that harm the information security of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The state and civil society are provided with practical recommendations for creating conditions conducive to the development of an optimal model of state information policy, adaptable to various situations, including those under martial law.

Covering the invasion of Ukraine on Russia's evening TV news

This article examines the coverage of the first few weeks of the invasion of Ukraine by Russian TV in the evening news program, Vremya ( Time) on the Russian prostate Channel One. The purpose of the study was to find out how Russia's main news program built its agenda and what its message was for the audience. For this, the study conducted a content analysis of the news, measuring the type, frequency and duration of topics, sources and points of view, specific narratives, and tone. The results of the analysis showed that television news was a part of the state's information policy to clarify the goals and objectives of the invasion and to promote the psychological mobilization of society around the political leadership, in the face of the West's unconditional support for Ukraine.

National myths in library space: Case of Ukraine in wartime

Russia's full-scale war against Ukraine actualized the issue of the identity foundations of the people of Ukraine and countering hostile anti-Ukrainian narratives. The purpose of the study was to outline the activities of Ukrainian libraries on countering the spread of Russian national myths and narratives, disclose presented in library space of Ukraine complex of suitable for construction of the Ukrainian strategic narrative key ideas and meanings, which reflect the Ukrainian community's mythologized ideas about itself, its place in the world and its prospects. An anthropological approach, methods of systematization, critical discourse analysis, discussion, external and included observation are applied. Related to the documented historical and cultural heritage key meanings, reflecting the Ukrainian community's mythologized ideas about itself, its place in the world and its prospects, suitable for constructing the Ukrainian strategic narrative and providing the spiritual and value basis of the national idea of the people of Ukraine were defined. It was revealed that decolonization of the library information space, publishing, socio-cultural, and educational activities of Ukrainian libraries in the conditions of the Russia's full-scale war against Ukraine are aimed at debunking such Russian national myths and narratives, as myths about “one people” and “one cradle – the ancient Rus’ state”, “the Great Victory” and the Great Patriotic War, the USSR as a country of prosperity. It was proved that libraries' efforts are directed to the forming and strengthening the informational resilience of users, establishing nation-affirming values and meanings landmarks related to the struggle of the people of Ukraine for freedom, statehood and independence, to periods of national elevation (the Kyivan Rus’ age, the Lithuanian-Polish period, the Ukrainian State of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky), the life-giving force of folk traditions, the pattern of the National Renaissance, the dream of the European future of Ukraine. The obtained results will be useful in the development of state information policy, the politics of memory, and in the practical activities of libraries

Анализ популярности казахоязычного контента на телевидении

Undoubtedly, the development of the state language has a significant role in the formation of the cultural and national identity of the country. In this regard, television, due to its great popularity and prevalence, has a significant impact on the promotion of the Kazakh language and its popularization among the population. For this reason, the use of television, as a powerful tool for promoting and maintaining the Kazakh language, is one of the key strategies in the state information policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.This article presents an analysis of trends in the Kazakh television space. The study includes an analysis of the rating indicators of the most popular Kazakh and Russian television channels, providing statistical data as evidence of how popular content in the Kazakh language is compared to content in other languages in the context of the genre focus of television programs and regional divisions of the country.Overall, the article makes an important contribution to understanding the impact of television content on the cultural and linguistic environment of Kazakhstan and offers practical recommendations for the development of media strategies that promote the promotion of the Kazakh language.The purpose of this study is to determine the level of popularity of television programs in the Kazakh language in various regions of Kazakhstan, as well as their impact on the promotion of the state language.

Implementation of knowledge economy and innovation through business education

The article’s purpose is to analyse the issue of implementation of knowledge economy and innovation through business education based on cluster analysis. The role of knowledge economy, innovation transfer, entrepreneurship and business-education coopetition are grounded to achieve economic growth and sustainable development. Input data withing the distribution of the knowledge economy through business education include a data of 23 countries for the following indicators: new registered enterprises, labour force, employment in industry, proportion of population studying ‘Business, Administration and Law’, proportion of population studying ‘Services’ and proportion of population studying ‘Economics’. Using data normalization, Ward and Sturges methods and Statgraphics Centurion 19 soft five clusters were determined to show hidden dependencies and structure in countries sample in this research context. The first cluster includes 2 countries (Austria and the United Kingdom), the second – 11 countries (Belgium, Portugal, Denmark, Italy, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, Ukraine, Croatia, Norway, and the Netherlands), the third – 5 countries (Bulgaria, Spain, France, Switzerland, and Finland), the fourth – 3 countries (Estonia, Germany and Sweden), and the fifth – 2 countries (the Czech Republic and Hungary). Due to building dendrogram of distribution on clusters and graph of agglomeration distance the quality of countries distribution into clusters was confirmed. Obtained results can be useful for further research and improving the state innovation, information and educational policy based on positive experience of neighbour countries within certain formed cluster.

Формування українського національного інформаційного простору в умовах війни

Statement of the problem and its relevance. After the Russian aggression, an increasing number of citizens began to realize the importance of the Ukrainian language and culture for the preservation of their territory and the integrity of the state. This raises the question of the need at the state level to create all the necessary conditions for strengthening the communicative and demographic potential of the Ukrainian language, improving the linguistic culture of the population, increasing the share of Ukrainian- language cultural and informational products, and enhancing the status of the Ukrainian language as a language of interethnic communication and understanding. The aim of the research and its main objectives are to investigate the state and issues related to the formation of the Ukrainian national information space in the context of war, substantiate the need for improving the state language policy towards the promotion of the Ukrainian language, and strengthening the Ukrainian language in the communicative and information space of Ukraine. Analysis of recent research and publications. The development of the information society in Ukraine and the issues of state information policy in Ukraine have been studied by I. Binko, V. Karpenko, O. Kondratenko, O. Lytvynenko, S. Matviyenko, and Yu. Shmalenko. The delineation of previously unresolved parts of the overall problem. Unresolved important issues include the formation of the Ukrainian national information space, where the Ukrainian state language would dominate, and the quality of Ukrainian- language content. This has become particularly relevant during the war, as the functioning of the Ukrainian national information space impacts national consolidation and the formation of Ukrainian national identity. Teaching the main research material with an explanation of the obtained results. The national information space is an important factor in ensuring the informational component of national security and the formation of national identity. It should be based on objective information, quality national informational products in the state language, and cultural diversity. A crucial aspect in the process of shaping and operating the Ukrainian information space in accordance with new socio-political realities is ensuring citizens' rights to receive objective information in the state language and the creation of high-quality Ukrainian- language content. The legal basis for these processes is provided by the laws of Ukraine "On Ensuring the Functioning of the Ukrainian Language as the State Language" and "On Media." Conclusions and Prospects for Further Research. In the process of shaping the Ukrainian language and information space and defending national interests in the information sphere, it is advisable to ensure: legislative recognition of the status of the national information space, protection at the legislative level of the Ukrainian information space from foreign influences; state support (tax, financial, organizational) in the creation and popularization of quality Ukrainian-language cultural and informational products; filling the media space of Ukraine (television, radio), internet resources with Ukrainian- language cultural products; monitoring compliance with legislation regarding the functioning of the Ukrainian language as a state language. The subject of further scientific research will be the question of public initiatives to promote the formation and protection of the Ukrainian national information space.

Improving the information mechanism for the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of law enforcement in Ukraine

The study was devoted to the development of ways to improve the information mechanism as a tool for the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of law enforcement. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the information mechanism for the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of law enforcement should comply with the state information policy and be based on the provisions of the Law of Ukraine «On Information». It is noted that the information mechanism of state policy in the field of law enforcement should provide two main areas of law enforcement activities, namely: internal communication, that is, communication within the law enforcement system and external communication, that is, communication with civil society. The levels of organization of interaction between law enforcement agencies at the state level, at the regional level, at the city and district levels are determined. It is concluded that the forms of interaction, as well as concepts, spheres, range of subjects, rights, duties and responsibilities of the participants in the interaction should be enshrined in the law «On the interaction of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine», the adoption of which will improve the efficiency of law enforcement agencies in their functions and tasks.» The components as a result of the development of a new mechanism for the exchange of information between law enforcement agencies are systematized. The main directions of external interaction are proposed, namely: informing the society, shaping public consciousness, drawing attention to a social problem. For the effective use of external communication methods by the subjects of the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of law enforcement, it is necessary to develop a communication strategy for a law enforcement agency, form financial support for the implementation of methods, and establish requirements for the disclosure of information.

The impact of disinformation on the state information policy

The spread of disinformation in digital communication causes anti-democratic behaviour among Internet users, which may threaten national security. The aim of the study was to determine the legal means of combating disinformation on the Internet as the main factor in shaping antisocial behaviour in terms of digital content. This issue was studied using the methods of comparative analysis, system logical analysis and doctrinal approach, as well as empirical and theoretical methods. Legal means of combating disinformation in cyberspace are means aimed at detecting and removing manipulative information from the information space. The state information policy aimed at combating fakes should ensure the transparency of digital platforms, improve the digital literacy of society, and establish monitoring and control over the information flow in cyberspace. International information standards oblige developers of social networks and digital platforms to create accessible and safe content for their users to combat disinformation in cyberspace. The results of the study are useful for governments in the context of the formation of an effective state system of means of combating fake news.

Mass Media in the State Information Resources System of Ukraine

The purpose of the article is to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the issue related to the activities of domestic mass media as components of the State information resources of Ukraine, which together form the State information policy. Objectives of the article. The article is aimed at highlighting the problematic issue raised, which, due to the goal and objectives set out, will provide an opportunity to conduct a systematic analysis of the activities of the mass media as components of the State information resources of Ukraine. The presentation of the proposed material in the scientific article is aimed at solving the following tasks: − to outline the general approaches of the State information policy of Ukraine in the field of mass media; − to reflect the current state of activity of the national mass media with certain parallels with foreign analogues in the field of mass media; − to determine the range of problematic issues that currently exist in our country in the field of the information industry; − to formulate proposals for solving problematic aspects in the activities of the national mass media. Research methods. Given the purpose and objectives of the research, general scientific methods were used, in particular, systematic analysis and synthesis, which made it possible to comprehensively consider the issues raised. Some special methods were used, such as observation, description, comparison, modelling, etc., which served to specify the coverage of the problematic aspects of the national information policy and the place of the mass media, in particular the mass press, in it. The method of generalisation made it possible to systematically, consistently and reasonably formulate the conclusions of the research. It is determined that the methodological toolkit in shaping the foundations of the State information policy is the development of clear and transparent rules that are understandable to all subjects of public relations in building information interaction between the public and the authorities. Such communication can build a specific strategic goal aimed at promoting and establishing a democratic government with the development of a highly organized society as a subject of legal relations and at the same time a consumer of information services. The scientific novelty lies in the theoretical generalisation of the problems of the modern domestic state information policy, which is partially implemented through the mass media based on its priorities’ analysis, as well as the study of the essence and methods of organizing various forms of public communications. The author emphasizes that the mass media are a certain component of the general state policy of Ukraine as a well-coordinated, stable, well-organised activity of public authorities on a particular issue or set of tasks which it provides directly or indirectly, influencing the life of Ukrainian society. Conclusions. The conducted systematic analysis of the research problem allows us to formulate conclusions that the national information policy serves as a systemically formative element between the activities of the state and its government institutions, as well as society in the form of a public dialogue between the authorities through the media. The correct construction of the national information policy in general allows our state to successfully promote its information and political projects, providing competitive advantages over the projects of other political forces and actors involved in this social process. It is emphasised that the problems of various aspects of the activities faced by the domestic media significantly complicate their effective work. Specific ways of solving these problematic issues are proposed to raise the prestige of our country in the international arena with its entry into the global information space.

Assessing the effectiveness of the state information policy of the Russian Federation in the field of increasing the level of trust in financial institutions: regional aspect

This article is dedicated to elaboration and testing of a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of state information policy in the field of increasing the level of public trust in financial institutions at the regional level. Based on the practice-oriented concept of state information policy in the field of increasing public confidence in financial institutions, the main theoretical principles and criteria were analyzed. A system of indicators to assess the effectiveness of this state information policy at the regional level was also presented. The conducted cluster and correlation analysis of the regions of the Central Federal District made it possible to rank them according to the level of socio-economic well-being, which allowed us to identify the Lipetsk, Ryazan and Moscow regions as objects for further testing of the elaborated methodology. In the proposed methodology, effectiveness assessment indicators were grouped into four blocks: 1) strategic planning and programming; 2) methodological and personnel support; 3) implementation of information policy; 4) effectiveness of government programs. The application of a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of state information policy measures in the field of increasing public confidence in financial institutions in the regions showed its average level in all three regions we selected. It was concluded that regions should more flexibly and effectively distribute their activities across all components and stages of the implementation of information policy, from planning (including long-term planning) for the implementation of these functions, to organizing monitoring of the effectiveness of ongoing activities.

Information resources as an object of information security

Currently, information resources of public authorities in our country are one of the main sources of information about their activities. According to the forms of information presentation, organizational solutions, technologies used and other parameters, so far it has usually led to the fact that the problems of various types of information resources (open) are not always accessible to citizens. In addition, the interaction of various information resources in the course of their formation and use in solving various tasks of public administration, economic and social development is of great importance. A significant variety of types of information resources in terms of information presentation forms, organizational solutions, technologies used and other parameters has so far usually led to the fact that the problems of various types of information resources have been considered in isolation from each other. At the same time, many problems are common to the entire sphere of information resources, especially from the point of view of the strategy of state information policy. In addition, the interaction of various information resources in the course of their formation and use in solving various tasks of public administration, economic and social development is of great importance. It is clear that without an input (source) resource of the desired type and quality, it is impossible to obtain the required output resource or product. Without resources, in the modern sense, no activity in human society is possible. Since resources are not only consumed during the activity, but also created, theoretically, the activity can be represented as an organizational and production process. Resources can appear independently of a person or be created by a person. Obviously, information resources belong to the second type of resources. As created resources, they have a dual character both as a source and as a result. In this article, information resources are considered as an object of information security.

Specificity and Consequences of Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic on the 2020 Local Election in Ukraine

The article examines the peculiarities of impact of the coronavirus pandemic on electoral process and voting results on the example of 2020 local elections in Ukraine. Using the complex of general scientific, logical and empirical methods, the peculiarities and problems of holding elections to local self-government bodies of Ukraine in 2020, which took place in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. It has been emphasized, that Ukrainian authorities didn’t follow the path of most foreign countries and decided not to postpone the date of local elections in 2020. Instead, the main accent was put on the use of special mechanisms of protection for Ukrainian citizens from the spread of coronavirus infection during the process of holding local elections. The authors prove, that the COVID-19 pandemic didn’t have a significant negative impact on 2020 local elections in Ukraine and didn’t cause major violations, which would question the legitimacy and democracy of election procedures. At the same time, the lowest voter turnout was mainly caused by the pandemic: almost a third of Ukrainian voters did not appear at the polling stations precisely for reasons related to the pandemic. It is also outlined, that during the 2020 local elections in Ukraine, a row of other negative factors of impact on electoral process and its quality (except of the factors directly related to the COVID-19 pandemic) appeared: in particular, the problems with financial provisions for introducing special measures for voting during the COVID-19 pandemic; changing election rules (adopting the Electoral Code) on the eve of local elections; insufficient state information policy regarding the clarification of the peculiarities of holding elections under the new electoral system in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Consular Reports as a Source of Information for Periodicals of the Ministry of Finance of Russia at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century

The author examines the reports of Russian consular services located in different countries, which served as important sources of various commercial and political information for periodicals issued by the Ministry of Finance of Imperial Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century. The subject of the study is the information policy of one of the leading government departments, which was one of the first to deploy a wide correspondent network around the world in order to obtain information about the most important events in the world economy and politics, analyze them and bring them to the main consumer – the domestic business class, who was extremely interested in promptly obtaining this information. The scientific novelty of the publication lies in the fact that the reports of the Russian consuls, revealed during the analysis of archival documents containing correspondence between the Trade Department of the Ministry of Finance and the Editorial Office of the time-based publications of this ministry, have not yet been reflected in the scientific literature. Meanwhile, market, industrial, stock exchange, banking, socio-political information, which regularly appeared in the "Bulletin of Finance, Industry and Trade" and the daily "Trade and Industrial Newspaper", played an important role for the orientation of business circles not only in the processes on world markets, but also for the political development of the domestic bourgeoisie, understanding its role in the socio-economic and political life of Russia during the period under review. And the correspondent network of these publications, the use of technological innovations became the basis for the creation of first a Trade and Telegraph Agency under the Ministry of Finance, and then a government agency.The St. Petersburg Telegraph Agency, which initiated the formation of the state information policy.

The main features of preventing the spread of destructive content

The definitions and the signs of destructive content are defined. The threats and risks associated with the spread of destructive content are highlighted. The foreign experience of methodological protection against destructive content in the context of the principles of state information policy is revealed. The mechanisms of the distribution of destructive content of Russian origin are detailed. Special attention is paid to the hostile activities of bot farms and troll farms, “Kremlin bots” to the detriment of state interests. The peculiarities of the distribution of destructive materials by individuals – political scientists, bloggers, leaders of public organizations – have been revealed. The novellas of domestic legislation, the norms of which are devoted to the fight against destructive content and Russian propaganda, are analyzed. The spheres of activity of the domestic special service regarding the blocking of destructive content and illegal information materials have been determined. The achievements of the Security Service of Ukraine in the sphere of protection of the domestic information space from criminal actions by the Russian Federation and its collaborators are outlined. The directions of improvement of domestic legislation with the aim of strengthening criminal liability for spreading destructive content on the Internet and social networks have been identified.