Development Of State Programs Research Articles

Extractive governmentality, ethnic territories, and racial imaginaries in the northern Amazon of Ecuador

This article analyzes the essentialization of ethnic difference, or racialization, in processes of extractive governmentality and ethnic territoriality in the upper Amazon Region of Ecuador. I trace contemporary and historical colonial legacies shaping land and oil compensation disputes among Kichwa families in Pañacocha. I argue that extractive governmentality uses legal and institutional frameworks based on multicultural and clientelist principles that appear to benefit populations based on ethnic and cultural difference. However, I show that this approach exacerbates colonial understandings of ethnic difference, generating conflicts among Indigenous families.First, I show that oil legal frameworks, and ethnic territorial frameworks obscure the existence of ethnic diversity within Indigenous territories, forcing families to choose between essentialized Indigenous and non-indigenous backgrounds to secure territory, access to oil compensations, and state development programs. Legal and institutional frameworks continue to further racial colonial divides and hierarchies between Indigenous territories and the rest of society. Second, these legal and institutional frameworks have empowered a group of Indigenous leaders that act as power-brokers between territories and the state. Indigenous leaders distance themselves from the rest of families by strategically aligning with their Kichwa, colono, and mestizo ethnic and cultural backgrounds as convenient. This way leaders exclude families from participating in territorial governance either because they are too Indigenous to understand territorial projects paid for with oil profits, or because they are not Indigenous enough to be considered part of the territory.

NEW APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF STATE PROGRAMS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE FIRST EXPERIENCE OF THEIR PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION

Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 786 of May 26, 2021 «On the Management System of State Programs of the Russian Federation» (hereinafter — Resolution No. 786) approved new rules for the development, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of state programs of the Russian Federation. In the development of the resolution, the Order of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation No. 500 dated August 17, 2021 adopted methodological recommendations for the development and implementation of state programs of the Russian Federation that meet new requirements. Programs should acquire a homogeneous structure that includes five main elements: a list of strategic priorities, a passport of the state program containing goals and indicators with their decomposition by region, passports of federal, departmental projects and complexes of process measures (structural elements of the state program), plans for the implementation of structural elements and a regulatory «substrate» — acts necessary for the implementation of the program. For each state program, as well as its individual elements, a list of socially significant indicators linked to national development goals should be formed. In all state programs, the project part will be allocated, providing for the implementation of specific tasks and obtaining unique results for a limited period of time. One of the first (if not the first) to approve the updated version of the State Program for the Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Food Markets (hereinafter also referred to as the State Program, Program), which comes into force on January 1, 2022. On the example of the updated version of the State Program, the article provides a critical and constructive analysis of systemic problems that may arise in the development of state programs of the Russian Federation as part of the implementation of a new system of program-targeted management.

ARCHITECTURAL ACTIVITY OF DMITRY YABLONSKY. ON THE OCCASION OF THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF HIS BIRTH

The article is devoted to the creativity and activities of the architect Dmitry Yablonsky (1921-2001), doctor of architecture, professor, member of the Union of Architects of Ukraine, full member of the Academy of Architecture of Ukraine. He was a well-known scientist, founder of new directions in architectural theoretical research, author of the famous book "Portals in Ukrainian architecture" in 1955, pioneer of mass industrial housing construction, researcher, organizer of scientific work at the leading institute of Ukraine for experimental design, specialist in quantitative methods of assessment. modeling and forecasting of housing objects, a public figure and, the first in independent Ukraine, who among architects began to design and build temples after 1985. The article gives an idea of the main directions of his architectural activity, namely: the study of the monuments of the Ukrainian Baroque of the Left-Bank Ukraine of the 17th – 18th centuries; participation in the design of the first experimental panel residential buildings and mass residential series for Ukraine; the development of the foundations of the typology of dwellings; application of system, mathematical methods and programming in the design of residential buildings; creation of an innovative dissertation work "Quantitative methods for solving problems of the typology of housing", 1968, participation in the development of state programs to provide the population of Ukraine with housing (1990-2000). And also, Yablonsky was the first who began to design and build new sacred buildings in the post-Soviet period in Ukraine (1986-2000). According to his project, was built the Orthodox Cathedral of St. George in the city of Makeyevka (1991-2001). The article is illustrated with materials and photos from the family archive of D.N. Yablonsky.

INSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF CROSS-BORDER TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS CLUSTER IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITAL AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

At the present stage, the strategic vector of transformation of transport and logistics systems in the border regions of Ukraine and the Visegrad Four countries is the integration of transport and logistics infrastructure into a transport and logistics cluster. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the institutional basis for the formation of a cross-border transport and logistics cluster as an effective form of cooperation between the border regions of Ukraine (Volyn, Zakarpattya and Lviv regions) and the Visegrad Four (Poland, Slovakia, Hungary). Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the provisions of institutional theory, in particular the paradigms of evolutionary development, the theory of clustering, the concepts of strategic and logistical management, enterprise development management. The following general scientific methods were used in the research process: analysis and synthesis, statistical analysis, classification and systems approach, comparison and structural-logical generalization. The article presents the results of analytical assessment of the current state of development of transport and logistics systems of the Visegrad Four. Based on statistical analysis, features, trends, barriers and challenges to the functioning of transport and logistics systems in the border regions of Ukraine have been identified. Results. In order to modernize the regional ecosystems of Ukraine and the Visegrad Four countries, the conceptual provisions for the creation of a cross-border transport and logistics cluster are substantiated. It is proved that this cluster structure should include enterprises in the field of transport and logistics, innovation infrastructure (technology parks, business incubators, industrial parks, etc.), state, regional and local authorities, NGOs, research institutions and centers, higher education institutions that are geographically concentrated in cross-border regions. It is established that for the implementation of the conceptual foundations of the formation of cross-border transport and logistics cluster it is necessary to use a set of mechanisms, which include: regulatory, institutional, organizational and economic, financial, social, informational, environmental. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used to refine the current legal and regulatory framework, namely in amending the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU, the Laws of Ukraine “On Cross-Border Cooperation” and “On Principles of State Regional Policy”, the State Development Program cross-border cooperation for 2021-2027, Regional Development Strategies of Volyn, Zakarpattya and Lviv regions until 2027 in terms of creating appropriate institutional conditions for the formation of cross-border transport and logistics cluster and determining the mechanism of financial support for its operation. Value/originality. The author's approach to the improvement of legal and institutional support for the development of cross-border cluster structures in Ukraine is formulated, taking into account European practice.

State regulation of rural development in the context of the implementation of regional development programs

Abstract. The goal. The research is aimed at studying the role of rural areas from the perspective of the implementation of regional development programs in the process of state regulation. Methods. In the course of the study, methods of observation, abstraction, analysis and synthesis were used. The conceptual foundations of state regulation of rural development through the implementation of state programs in the period of a sustainable process of urbanization, in the conditions of a post-industrial (information) society are described. Results and practical significance. In the study presented by the author, from the position of state regulation carried out by implementing the relevant tasks of state development programs, a scientific assessment of the modern role of rural territories in the socio-economic and spatial development of Russia is given. The author's position on the issue of the conceptual foundations of the processes of rural development in relation to the current development programs is given. The importance of infrastructural support of connections between rural territories and agglomerations to reduce the «economic distance» between them is reflected. The scientific novelty of the study. The results of the study of the role of rural territories from the perspective of state regulation processes are presented. An updated idea of the position of rural territories at the present stage of socio-economic and spatial development of the regions of Russia is given.

ON THE QUESTION OF DEFINING THE CONCEPT OF "DIGITAL CONSTITUTIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS" IN THE MODERN PERIOD OF DEVELOPMENT OF LEGAL SCIENCE

The scientific article considers issues related to the definition of the concept of "digital constitutional rights of citizens" and their inclusion in the categorical and conceptual apparatus of the science of constitutional law, in the norms of the constitutions of various states. The author offers an interpretation of this concept. Under "digital constitutional rights of citizens", in this scientific article, a set of universal equal opportunities for human behavior enshrined in the norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, is meant, and these opportunities determine the procedure for the implementation of individual and joint activities to use digital electronic services, information, digital technologies, digital products, the procedure for guaranteeing protection their rights in the information space. The article proposes ideas, initiatives and suggestions in terms of forecasting the development of digital constitutional human rights that a person currently possesses, using the new information and communication opportunities provided by the global Internet. Conclusions. An analysis of the practice of international legal documents led the author to the conclusion that despite the fact that international organizations are making attempts to regulate relations in this area, work on substantiating digital constitutional norms in some countries is limited to the development of state programs in which normative legal acts are adopted and introduced changes in the norms of sectoral legislation, in other countries the discussion of this problem is only from the perspective of scientific constitutionalists. It is necessary to start work on a comprehensive international program of international legal regulation of relations in the field of digital rights with the involvement of the international legal community, representatives of the science of constitutional law. This will contribute to the development of a categorical and conceptual apparatus in this area of knowledge.

To the issue of the sustainable development of the tourism economy in the Republic of Kazakhstan

The article deals with the issues of assessing the dynamics of sustainable development of the tourism economy in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Various points of view of domestic and foreign scientists and researchers to the study of the sustainable development of the tourism economy are analyzed. Based on the analysis of modern literature, the definitions are clarified and methods for assessing the dynamics of sustainable development of the tourism economy in modern conditions are supplemented. When writing the article, the authors take as a basis the state programs, including the Concept of development of the tourism industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2023, the State Program of Development of the tourism industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2019-2025, etc.Some statistical methods for assessing the indicators of the tourism sector are described. Using statistical data for 2015-2019, which characterize the dynamics of the number of visitors for inbound and outbound tourism, the calculations of the variation indicators, which characterize the intensity of variation of the corresponding attribute, as well as the uniformity of the composition of the studied population, are performed.

Інвестиції як основа зростання аграрної економіки України

The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate the leading role of investment in economic growth and development and to confirm the relationship between investment and economic growth on the example of empirical analysis of the agricultural sector of Ukraine’s economy. Research methods. Methods: dialectical method of scientific knowledge, analysis and synthesis, systemic generalization (study of the evolution of theories of economic growth; determining the list of factors for the analysis of economic growth, drawing conclusions), correlation and regression analysis (quantitative measurement of capital investment). in the agricultural sector on the gross value added of the agricultural sector, household income on the volume of investments in the agricultural sector and the rating of investment attractiveness of Ukraine on the gross value added of the agricultural sector). Research results. The leading role of investments in economic growth have been theoretically substantiated. The main factors of economic growth of agrarian economy has been established. A regression models have been built for dependence of gross value added of the agricultural sector on the volume of capital investments; of volume of capital investments in the agricultural sector from household incomes and of gross value added of the agricultural sector from the rating of investment attractiveness of Ukraine (Ease of Doing Business). Scientific novelty. Based on the establishment of the main factors of growth of the agricultural economy, econometric models has been built, which are based on linear regression and allow to determine the degree of dependence between gross value added of the agricultural sector and the volume of capital investment; between volume of capital investments in the agricultural sector and a household incomes, and between gross value added of the agricultural sector and the rating of investment attractiveness of Ukraine (Ease of Doing Business). Practical significance. Conclusions, proposals and practical recommendations can be used in the development of state programs for the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine's economy. Tabl.: 1. Figs.: 3. Refs.: 20.

Impact of Digitalisation on Corporate Finance in the Agricultural Sector

The purpose of our paper is to examine the interrelation between digitalisation indicators of dairy industry government regulation and economic efficiency, using large corporations of Novosibirsk Region as an example. We propose to identify an integrated system approach to evaluating the influence of state programs related to digitalisation of the dairy industry on industry performance.
 A system-wide transition to digital technology in the infrastructure of dairy industry regulation is nearly totally absent from academic research. The existing literature considers the influence of state programs and policies on the industry and proposes various performance indicators. However, it is uncertain how industry digitalisation may affect these performance indicators.
 To address this gap in the literature, we propose a hypothesis of dependency between digitalisation indicators and performance indicators of dairy corporations. The basis of the methodology is the calculation of a digitalisation index used to assess the efficiency of government support of the industry corporations. In order to substantiate the hypothesis, we apply a correlation and regression analysis and established interrelations between the offered criteria (digitalisation index and share) and operating performance of dairy industry economic entities.
 Our results indicate general consistent patterns and interrelations between digitalisation of state regulatory programs and the performance of dairy industry corporations. Our statistical analysis reveals digital technology as a tool of government has a significant impact on business performance. The offered digitalisation criteria and patterns of performance efficiency are indicative of the possibility to manage the digitalisation process based upon preset parameters of business performance.
 Our research will be of interest to specialists developing state programs and policies applying digital technology, directors of dairy companies, and scientists who conduct research in related fields, who may use our approach for evaluating and forecasting performance in the dairy industry, accounting for the impact of government regulation.

Financial literacy in the digital era: new opportunities and challenges

Increase of access to financial services (financial inclusion) and overcoming the new digital gap are the priority task of the national governments, which entails the development of state programs and implementation of various initiatives The subject of this research is the financial literacy and instruments for its improvement in the conditions of new digital reality. The question is raised on the need for reconsideration of the financial literacy in the digital context, and implementation of the more extensive multidimensional approach towards its definition. The authors present the results of scientific research conducted in different countries, which prove that financial and digital literacy are the key determinants of financial inclusion. The analysis of foreign practice of introducing the programs aimed at the improvement of financial literacy of the population leads to a number of practically valuable conclusions, namely high potential and effectiveness of the projects that use interactive technologies. The scientific novelty lies in formulation of recommendations that would contribute to more effective implementation of the programs intended for improving financial literacy of the population: targeted programs for improving financial literacy adapted to the needs and level of knowledge of a specific target audience; interactive content that develops both, financial and digital literacy in the context of using financial products. Special attention is given to the formation of competencies for secure use of digital financial products, information awareness of the participants of the programs on the fraudulent schemes. The increase of financial literacy is considered as an indirect financial protection of the consumers.

НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ У СФЕРІ НАДАННЯ НАСЕЛЕННЮ КУЛЬТУРНИХ ПОСЛУГ

Розглянуто нормативну основу надання населенню культурних послуг, указано основні нормативно-правові акти у сфері культури й мистецтв, міжнародні документи, які регулюють ці питання. Для подальшої реалізації Концепції реформування системи забезпечення населення культурними послугами обґрунтовано доцільність прийняття Державної програми розвитку національного культурного простору та забезпечення населення культурними послугами. Ця програма передбачатиме законодавче визначення: переліку, змісту та обсягу культурних послуг, що надаються громадянам на безоплатній основі на різних рівнях адміністративно-територіального устрою України; показників та критеріїв оцінки якості надання цих послуг; механізму взаємодії органів виконавчої влади, органів місцевого самоврядування та представників інститутів громадянського суспільства, обміну інформацією між ними з метою своєчасного коригування державної політики щодо надання населенню якісних і доступних культурних послуг тощо. Також обґрунтовано доцільність прийняття Закону України «Прο археοлοгічні пοслуги та οбіг археοлοгічних οбʼєктів», який сприятиме збереженню археοлοгічнοї спадщини та ствοренню єдинοї системи її οхорοни, прοтидії нелегальним розкοпкам та οбмеженню цивільнοгο οбігу археοлогічних предметів. Закон передбачатиме οбовʼязкοве запрοвадження ліцензування діяльності з викοристання детекторів металу, геοсканерів та інших подібних приладів, призначених або адаптованих під пошук металевих предметів, що є невідʼємною умовою Єврοпейської кοнвенції з οхοрοни археοлοгічнοї спадщини, ствοрення правοвих οснοв аматοрськοгο археοлогічнοгο пοшуку, устанοвлення відпοвідальності за пοрушення правил οбігу археοлοгічних предметів.

Adaptive model of the impact of climate change on natural and economic systems of Kazakhstan

In the work, according to the scenarios of climatologists, it is shown that the absence of changes in the amount of precipitation and an increase in the average annual surface air temperature on land will contribute to aridization and desertification of the territory of Kazakhstan under conditions of global warming. In this regard, climatic desertification will contribute to the displacement of the zone of insufficient moisture and an increase in the zone of desert and semi-desert regions. A forecast of a decrease in the yield of grain crops in these conditions is presented, which is a threat to the environmental and food security of Kazakhstan. The aim of the research is to analyze the impact of climate change on agricultural production and the state of water resources in the Republic of Kazakhstan and to develop an adaptive model of the impact of climate change on natural and economic systems. The analysis of the state of water resources as the most vulnerable component for the country under changing climatic conditions is presented. It is shown that under these conditions, adaptation measures are carried out in the Republic aimed at reducing climatic risks and at deriving potential benefits from climate change. We have proposed an adaptive model of the impact of climate change on natural and economic systems, which is based on the methods of mathematical statistics and probabilistic analysis. The levels of adaptation are interpreted in accordance with the index: with an increase in the indicator, the degree of influence on natural and economic systems also increases. The model has a high potential for use in predicting climate change within geographically limited natural and economic systems. The proposed recommendations for adaptation to climate change can find application in the development of state programs for the management of natural and climatic risks.

Features of the Institutional Environment of Public-Private Partnership in Russia: Regional Aspect

In the current crisis economic conditions, the public-private partnership (PPP) mechanism can be used as one of the key ways to attract extra-budgetary sources of funds for the implementation of investment projects at the regional level. Despite the growing number of PPP projects in Russia, the presence of significant institutional constraints at the regional level hinder the further development of this mechanism. In particular, there is a lack of interconnection of PPP projects with long-term investment and state development programs at the regional level, low sectoral diversity of projects, high dependence of PPP projects on state financial institutions, and insufficient information support of regional PPP practices. The situation is aggravated by the lack of long-term money in the economy against the backdrop of limited private partners’ funds for the implementation of long-term PPP projects, as well as by existing legal restrictions. The practical purpose and scientific value of this article lie in the construction of a holistic and logical vision of solving the identified institutional problems of PPP development at the regional level.

Indicators of Sustainable Development Goals in the Rural Territories of Russia

This paper analyzes the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals [SDG] in the rural territories of Russia. The sustainable development of rural territories is a problem of world significance. The importance of the discussed problem is that economically steady and socially developed rural territories are the guarantors of stability, independence, and food security of the state. Therefore, the vector of their development becomes the priority direction of national policy. The solution to this scientific problem is the formation of a new scientific direction in studies of sustainable development of rural areas by justifying the necessary conceptual basis and defining indicators of regional development following the goals of sustainable development. The authors analyze rural territories with respect to the share of product output produced by the agricultural industry in the gross regional product (GRP). The correlation, dependence, or influence of the agricultural sector on the regional economy is shown. According to the received results, 57 Russian regions can be carried to rural territories that make more than 50% of all territory. The authors analyzed indicators of sustainable development of the rural territories included in the State program “Complex development of rural territories,” according to SDG. It is shown that not all SDGs were included in the state program of development of rural territories. However, Russia is at the level of world indicators in terms of achieving these goals.

EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR MARKET PROCESSES IN RUSSIA

An important indicator of the development of the Russian economy, which characterizes the effectiveness of employment policy, is the indicator of the employment level, which is a part of the system of indicators of tension on the labor market. The article is devoted to the analysis of the processes of population employment and the labor market, which directly affect the socio-economic development of the country and its regions. The use of statistical tools allows to identify quantitative patterns of labor market indicators and makes it possible to regulate it. The purpose of the work is to study the processes of employment and the labor market in the Russian Federation. The direction of the research consists in the formation of an informational methodological and analytical approach, which includes the identification of the stages of the development of employment processes and the assessment of the dynamics of negative processes in Russia. The deepening of the analysis of negative processes on the labor market in Russia is associated with the study at the regional level. The use of content analysis and the method of expert evaluation based on integral indicators allowed to identify 5 qualitatively homogeneous groups of regions in terms of the level of tension on the labor market. The obtained results of the analysis of the number of employed people dynamics, the need for workers and the development of the labor market in the regions of Russia can be used by government bodies in the development of state programs to improve the ways to support employment in the Russian Federation.

К ВОПРОСУ РАЗВИТИЯ КОЛЛЕКТИВНЫХ ФОРМ ХОЗЯЙСТВОВАНИЯ В САМАРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ: ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ КООПЕРАТИВНЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ

The concept of sustainable development of rural areas has set the tasks for the development of collective forms of farming in the countryside, the main of which are cooperatives. Developed agricultural cooperation is the most important mechanism for increasing production efficiency and social stability in society. It allows providing the population with high-quality food products of its own production, increasing the level of their income. However, activities of cooperative organizations are not covered fully enough, and activities themselves are poorly developed. Samara Oblast is one of the regions with a low development of supply, marketing and processing cooperation. At the same time, credit cooperation is developing quite actively here. The region’s administration pays attention to the development of cooperative organizations. Support is provided mainly in the form of subsidizing interest rates on loans under the State Development Program. Despite the measures taken by the regional government bodies, in recent years the region has seen a decrease in the number of agricultural consumer cooperatives. For more than twenty years, Russian agricultural cooperation has been developing in market conditions. This development is not going without problems. Heads of agricultural enterprises and of municipal districts understand that it is impossible to stabilize and increase the efficiency of the agricultural sector, to develop rural areas without the development of production cooperative organizations. Empirical material was obtained through surveying in order to form certain ideas about the rural residents’ awareness of the activities of cooperative organizations, of their involvement in the social life of the village and in the increasing of the population’s social activity. The results of the survey show that the respondents have little understanding of the activities of agricultural cooperatives. When asked about the awareness of their activities, every third respondent answered that he had heard something about cooperatives of the 1990s. For all the difficulties, the cooperative movement in the countryside is a condition for the successful promotion of food products produced by small forms of farming. Agricultural cooperation can become a serious force not only in achieving the individual goals of consumers, workers of the consumer cooperation system and shareholders, in strengthening their personal well-being and social security, but also in implementing national tasks, priority national projects, targeted programs, and ensuring the population’s employment.

Understanding the vulnerability, farming strategies and development pathways of smallholder farming systems in Telangana, India

Climate change projections for the 21st century indicate an increase in the already high number of food-insecure people in India. While considerable research on vulnerability to climate change exists, research about Indian smallholder farming systems as a whole, encompassing farming strategies and development pathways in this context, is limited. Hence, the current study examines the vulnerability of three smallholder farming systems, namely, (i) crop without livestock (CWL), (ii) crop with small ruminants (CSR), and (iii) crop with dairy (CD), in the context of climate change in Telangana, India. A mixed methods approach was used to conduct the research with a sample size of ten households per farming system. We found that households of different farming systems faced differential vulnerability due to variation in perceptions of climate change exposures, access to livelihood capitals, and the farming strategies they chose. The CWL households were highly vulnerable to increased maximum temperature and erratic rainfall, while households that farmed both crop and livestock were more vulnerable to overall reduction in precipitation. Decision-making related to farming strategies was a complex process involving several factors, of which the availability of livelihood capitals, provided by government programs, was the foremost. Due to this, households of the different farming systems pursued divergent farming strategies, leading to varying types of adaptation and climate change resilience. Among the three farming systems, the households in the CWL system had the least access to all livelihood capitals and showed the highest vulnerability as their farm strategies only helped to cope with immediate needs. The households in the CD system had access to all critical livelihood capitals, which facilitated opting for sustainable farming strategies. However, as these households were highly dependent on scarce ground water resources for production, their strategies helped only short-term adaption. The households in the CSR system, despite having access to limited capitals, adopted long-term adaptation strategies which is attributed to them being a pastoral ethnic group. Lastly, despite the existence of an integrated climate change policy, state-level development programs continue to focus more on agricultural intensification than on climate change adaptation. This stimulates farming strategies that are lucrative in the short term but endanger farming system resilience to climate change in the long term. We therefore recommend policy makers to give high priority to climate smart development in state development programs, and science-based evaluations of these programs to enable proper climate change adaptation in dryland regions that is inclusive of perspectives of different populations.

Specifics of Public-Private Partnership Projects in the Energy Sphere of Ukraine

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the implementation of public-private partnership projects in the energy sector of Ukraine. In particular, the content of key research concepts is determined, the current state of public-private partnership in the energy sector of Ukraine is analyzed, and the directions of increasing the efficiency of public-private partnership projects in the energy sector of Ukraine are determined. The analysis of the implementation of public-private partnership projects in the field of energy in Ukraine indicates the prospects and feasibility of implementing this mechanism of cooperation between the state and private companies. At the same time, it should be noted that today the regulatory, legal, institutional, personnel, financial support of public-private partnership in the field of energy, as well as the development and implementation of concession agreements in the field of energy need to be improved. It is proved that public authorities should first of all focus on intensifying the participation of private companies in innovation and investment processes, which, in turn, requires more effective interaction in the triangle of state-business-civil society. The implementation of this task should be entrusted to the GR-departments created in public authorities, which within the public-private partnership should prepare issues related to the coordination of the parties, inform about government projects and programs, and so on. It is determined that it is also necessary to develop the Concept of strategic development of public-private partnership in the field of energy and in the country as a whole. According to the results of the analysis of the Energy Strategy of Ukraine for the period up to 2035, the author singled out the following areas of improving the efficiency of the public-private partnership mechanism in the energy sector: development of state programs to support businesses and public-private partnership projects; implementation of European principles of regulation in the field of investment in the fuel and energy sector; introduction of the public-private partnership mechanism in the reservation of energy resources and the system of strategic reserves of energy resources. Keywords: public-private partnership, energy sphere, mechanisms, efficiency, projects, investments.

АТОМИЗАЦИЯ ПРОСТРАНСТВА ПРИСУТСТВИЯ ЛЮДЕЙ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПАНДЕМИИ: ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ И ТРУДОВЫХ ПРАКТИК

The object of this research is the space of people's presence in Russia, the changes in its scale, and the social and labor practices implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of the pandemic on the compression of the space of people's presence in the country, on the one hand, and to identify the prospects of returning to the previous size and stereotypes of social and labor practices of the population before the pandemic, on the other hand. The author applies research methods such as analysis of scientific literature, processing of available state and departmental transport statistics according to indicators characterizing the intensity and distance of movement of Russian residents in their dynamics. The result of the study is the assessment of the changes in consumer behavior of the population and its labor activity due to the social atomization and the stability of these changes in the future. The findings of the study can be used by public authorities in the development of state programs of the Russian Federation, programs for the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as for possible clarification of the goals of the country's development for the period up to 2030.

ПРОБЛЕМИ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ТА ШЛЯХИ ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ РОЗВИТКУ ХАРЧОВОЇ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ УКРАЇНИ

The aim of the article is to study the problems of functioning and find ways to improve the development of the food industry of Ukraine taking into account modern global financial, economic and technological trends of the economy, as well as identify all positive and negative factors of the industry in the new industry. Ukraine's food industry is extremely important for the country's economy, and food production always deserves special attention in the state economic policy and food security of the country. An analysis of the indicators of agricultural production and the level of self-sufficiency in food revealed an anomalous phenomenon, namely, the higher the size of gross output per 1 ha, the lower the level of self-sufficiency in food. An analysis of the indicators of agricultural production and the level of self-sufficiency in food revealed an anomalous phenomenon, namely, the higher the size of gross output per 1 ha, the lower the level of self-sufficiency in food. It is concluded that: Ukraine has a strong agri-food potential to be able to maximize consumer demand for its own food products, but there are no appropriate legal and institutional platforms; The main problems in the development of the food industry are its focus on the export of raw materials and non-compliance with international standards that block access to international markets. Given the prospects for the development of the food industry and SWOT-analysis, it is reasonable that the state should consider the food industry "flagship" of economic prosperity and solve problems to support and strengthen the position of Ukrainian producers in industrial markets of other countries. The food industry should focus on the development of production of high-tech innovative products with added value, which will increase the competitiveness of food products and the level of industrial processing. The increase in the production of goods with high added value opens up opportunities for Ukraine to increase exports, leading to significant growth in the country's economy. The research results and conclusions can be used in the practical activities of public authorities and local governments aimed at ensuring food security, for the development of food industry development programs, in the development of state programs of socio-economic development.