Rosatom State Corporation Research Articles

Importance of supraprofessional competences of technical university students in the Rosatom State Corporation's sectoral personnel reserve formation

Importance of supraprofessional competences of technical university students in the Rosatom State Corporation's sectoral personnel reserve formation

Institutional Bases for The Formation of the Subject of Aviation Infrastructure Management in the System of Ensuring the Sustainability of the Northern Sea Route

The development of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) infrastructure is one of the priority areas of managerial thought in the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Commercial use of high-latitude caravan routes in the waters of the NSR should significantly change the situation with the organization of logistical maritime flows around the Eurasian continent. Ensuring uninterrupted traffic along with fulfilment of the conditions of urgency of delivery and cargo safety form the category of stability of the NSR functioning. Its northern part runs exclusively in domestic seas, and ensuring regular vessel traffic is Russia’s priority task in the competition for transporting cargo from east to west (and back) by sea. The movement of ships along the NSR falls directly under the authority of the management of Rosatom State Corporation, while the management of the infrastructure that ensures the continuous movement of transport along the NSR is carried out collegially. At the same time, such an important aspect as the management of the infrastructure complex supporting the movement of container ships with transit cargo has been assigned to three components of a single management entity: the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of the Russian Federation for the Development of the Russian Far East and the Arctic, and Rosatom Corporation, without clearly defining the boundaries of responsibility for interdepartmental management decisions. To date, this approach has already caused a series of organizational and technical difficulties. The aim of the study is to identify the rational organization of the infrastructure of the management subject, allowing to ensure the sustainability of the movement of passenger and cargo ships throughout the water area of the NSR; it is based on such scientific methods as induction, systematization, grouping Key results of the work may be in demand both in the course of scientific research in the field of infrastructure development in the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, and in the framework of improving the existing management system of aviation infrastructure of these territories.

The transformation of the nuclear law of the Russian Federation into an independent public complex branch of law as a way to strengthen global nuclear security in the world

This article considers the process of transformation of the Russian Federation nuclear law into an independent public complex branch of law and its important role in improving global nuclear safety. Since it is well known that the criteria of distinguishing branches of law are usually the subject and method of legal regulation as well as the existence of their own codification, the authors are confident of such a need. The results of the analysis of the state corporation Rosatom activities serve as the basis for the proposed theses and only confirm this confidence. The main idea of the article is to assert the need for changes in the Russian legal system structure in order to increase the effectiveness of regulation in the field of nuclear safety. The paper examines the evolution of nuclear law in Russia, identifies the basic principles and norms of this area of law as well as the need to make changes to adapt to modern challenges and threats. Supporting its position by analyzing the current state of the Russian nuclear industry and world standards in the field of nuclear safety, the article suggests practical steps to strengthen legal regulation to ensure safety in the nuclear field. Special attention is paid to the importance of strengthening international nuclear safety through the modernization of the national nuclear legal system, its compliance with international norms and standards. The article discusses current issues, including the development of nuclear doctrine, control of nuclear materials, responsibility for violation of international nuclear obligations and other aspects affecting global nuclear security. The study is an important contribution to understanding the problems of nuclear law in the context of global safety, and also substantiates the need for independent development of this branch of law to ensure stability and security on the world stage. The authors of the article offer specific recommendations for improving legislation and practice in the field of nuclear law in order to strengthen global nuclear safety

Staffing of the electric power industry of the Russian Federation under conditions of digital transformation

The article considers the problem of implementing the process of digitalization of the energy industry, using the example of the Rosseti group of companies, a partner of the state corporation Rosatom in the field of IT development, from the point of view of staffing in the current state of the labour market. The purpose of the research work is to develop relevant mechanisms, search for modern personnel management tools in the context of digital transformation of the electric grid complex of the Russian Federation. The scientific novelty of the research is reduced to the following provisions: the main directions of digitalization of an electric grid company are systematized, on the basis of which the organizational and economic mechanism of the process of digital transformation of an electric grid company is modelled; a classification of modern tools of the business process of personnel management of an electric grid company is proposed. Methodology and methods. To study trends in the digitalization process of electric grid companies, general scientific methods are used (theoretical analysis of scientific works, empirical, logical, classification and modelling methods). A review of publications is carried out, which made it possible to determine the subject area of the research work. Results. The main processes within the electric grid company that will be transformed in the process of digitalization are considered, using the example of the Rosseti Group of Companies. Taking into account the considered areas of digitalization of activities, an organizational and economic mechanism of the digitalization process of an electric grid company has been formulated, which is distinguished by the rationale for the author’s definition of digitalization on the scale of the energy industry. The role of high-quality staffing in the implementation of digital processes and activities of electric grid companies is determined and specific requirements for applicant’s characteristic of the energy industry are identified. The structure of the human resource management business process is considered, digital tools are selected for each subprocess that will help improve staffing levels and the efficiency of using labour resources of the electric grid company. Discussion. An effective personnel policy aimed at maximizing the company's staffing with qualified personnel is one of the key solutions in increasing the reliability and sustainability of the energy industry during the period of digitalization. Standard tools in the field of personnel management may not work in the context of both a demographic personnel shortage and the current migration of labour resources to the defence and military industries. Constant adaptation of the used methods and practices of personnel management is required, taking into account the digitalization of this business process and the challenges that the energy industry of the Russian Federation currently faces.

Клиентоцентричный и процессный подходы в деятельности органов публичной власти

This paper aims to advance the theory and practice of employing complementary customer-centric and process approaches in public administration. The research methodology is grounded in system approach, customer-centric and process approaches, and lean production technologies. A review of implementing practices of the process approach through the adoption of lean management in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation under the “Effective Region” project in partnership with the state corporation Rosatom is conducted. Analysis of the promotion of the customer-centric approach in public authorities is undertaken within the framework of the federal project “State for the People”. The connection between customer-centricity and process approach is elucidated. It is proposed to supplement federal-level regulatory documents pertaining to the customer-centric approach under the federal project “State for the People” and customer-centricity standards with sections describing the modeling and optimization of business processes using modern graphic notations such as IDEF0, VAD, DFD, EPC, CFFC, BPMN, and requirements for training new competencies of state and municipal employees in this field.

Window of OCMO Opportunity: the Communication Competency Index for Media Teams in Nuclear Cities

The issue of evaluating the effectiveness of communications and PR has long been a staple topic of debate among industry specialists. In late 2023, driven by the initiative of the Rosatom State Corporation and within the framework of a media project accelerator, an effort was made to synthesize various approaches for assessing the performance of media teams. This effort resulted in the creation of the Communication Competency Index for media teams in nuclear cities. The creators of the index discuss its development process, the criteria it encompasses, and its potential applications.

COOPERATION BETWEEN RUSSIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN RIM ASSOCIATION

Purpose of the study: to identify the features of international cooperation between Russia and the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) in the field of maritime security. Methodology. The author, based on a wide range of the latest domestic and foreign sources, studies the political and legal foundations for Russia’s activities in the Indian Ocean region, and conducts a step-by-step analysis of the structure and priorities of the IORA activities. The main methodology of the study consists of systematic and comparative approaches, contributing to an objective and comprehensive analysis of international cooperation between the Russian Federation and IORA in the Indian Ocean region. Conclusions. It is shown that Russia, based on its accumulated experience with the multilateral regional systems, advocates the development of cooperation between the system of interstate interaction mechanisms formed in the Asia-Pacific region around ASEAN, and multilateral structures of the Indian Ocean zone. It has been revealed that Russia, like other IORA countries, sees the advantages of further developing maritime transport and navigation, coastal areas and tourism, sustainable fishing, the fight against marine pollution, and the joint study of ocean resources. Particular attention is paid to international cooperation projects in the field of the “blue economy”, which are carried out by the Department of Multilateral Economic Cooperation of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia, the state corporation Rosatom and IORA. Russia’s international cooperation with IORA will help expand Russia’s strategic presence and influence in the Indian Ocean.

The concept of creating a food industry corporation

An in-depth analysis of foreign experience in the creation and operation of the most successful corporate models operating in the Russia (Rosatom State Corporation), Switzerland (Nestlé) and China (COFCO Corporation) was carried out. The author’s concept of creating the first food industry corporation in Belarus is proposed, through the transformation of the Belgospischeprom concern.

Diversification of the activities of enterprises of the militaryindustrial complex as a way to develop the territory of presence

Using the example of the state corporation Rosatom, the influence of diversification of defense industries on the development of the territories of presence is considered. It has been revealed that effective management of the diversification of the activities of defense enterprises is possible within the framework of holdings, in particular, state corporations. The spatially distributed structure of these corporations forms the need and features of their interaction with cities and regions where enterprises are located. At the same time, the activities of enterprises have an impact on the territory of their location in economic, social, and political terms. The processes of diversifying the activities of defense enterprises require the development of special personnel potential of territories, innovative infrastructure, improving the quality of life, etc. At the same time, territories also get the opportunity to use the resources of state corporations: lobbying, financial, scientific and technological, human resources, etc. for development. The paper shows theoretical approaches to building such interaction between territories and defense industry enterprises belonging to large holdings and testing these approaches on the example of the Rosatom state Corporation.

ЛЬГОТНЫЕ ПРОГРАММЫ ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯ, КАК ОДИН ИЗ ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫХ ПРОЕКТОВ ИНЖИНИРИНГОВОГО ДИВИЗИОНА ГК «РОСАТОМ»

The article analyzes the changes in the conditions for the implementation of investment projects of the Engineering Division of Rosatom State Corporation as a result of the sanctions burden and changes in general economic situation. The influence of the key rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on investment activity and the choice of sources of financing investment projects is shown. At the present stage, preferential financing programs are becoming particularly important as an effective tool for implementing investment projects. Analysis and monitoring of their use is presented in this article.

Технологическое лидерство государства: концептуальное понимание и механизмы формирования

The article shows that the technological leadership of the state should conceptually be based on such institutions as technological sovereignty, technological equality and technological cooperation. It is noted that the technological leadership of the state is a multidimensional category, including such elements as technology, scientific, technological and educational base, platforms, and interactions. The differences between the technological leadership of the company and the state are outlined. Using the author's approach to the concepts of "technological sovereignty" and "technological cooperation and equality", the mechanisms of technological leadership of the state are highlighted, which can be used by both the initiator states of partnerships and participants in these partnerships. These include, in particular, leading companies, government policies that support the effective allocation of national resources, the external contour of national leadership development, the system of scientific and technical forecasting and analytics, the national system of "soft power", joint ownership of intellectual property by friendly states, complete technological chains, platforms and standards formed within the framework of partnerships, and etc. Using the example of the state corporation Rosatom, the possibility of using leading companies as a mechanism for technological leadership in Russia is considered.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ТРАНCФЕРА ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ)

The 20th century is the century of discoveries and new technologies. The following 21st century is characterized by the development of the economy due to the growth of investment in technology and the development of international technology transfer, i.e. technology exchange. The growth of knowledge is limited by the objective limitations of the existing means of research and experimentation, and is also limited by the financial budget. The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to the improvement of business processes and the environment through innovation, the development of e-retail and high-tech products. The study determined that the United States is the leader in R&D spending, followed by other developed countries (Germany, South Korea, Japan), while China ranks first in terms of the number of patents and the level of innovation. Russia ranks 7th in the world in terms of the number of registered and protected inventions, and R&D spending is less than 1% of GDP in 2021. A study of nuclear industry projects led to the conclusion that it is not very susceptible to sanctions. Rosatom State Corporation cooperates with both Asian and European countries. At the same time, one can single out a trend towards a decrease in sales of technologies in embodied form due to sanctions rhetoric for other sectors of the extractive industry in Russia. An important constraint is the young legislation in the field of innovation. Against the backdrop of insufficient state support for the scientific sphere and sanctions pressure, market mechanisms do not ensure the strengthening of cooperation between Russia and other countries. For Russia, it is important to exchange developments between participants in the local market, with colleagues, at least in the industry. It is not advisable to expect the exchange of technologies with Chinese, Indian and other partners who are guided by TT with Western countries; active measures are needed to promote public-private partnerships, create conditions for “cultivation” and commercialization of domestic developments in technology parks and other clusters.

Реализация экологических проектов Госкорпорацией «Росатом»

Key projects to eliminate the accumulated environmental damage in the Leningrad and Irkutsk regions are presented. They are implemented by the Rosatom State Corporation enterprise, the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Federal Environmental Operator” (FSUE “FEO”). The main technological approaches used for the remediation of contaminated areas on the example of the Krasny Bor landfill in the Leningrad region, the former chemical enterprise Usolyekhimprom LLC and the Baikal pulp and paper mill in the Irkutsk region are given. Design decisions to eliminate accumulated environmental damage are reasonable, effective, reliable and environmentally safe. The need to re-involve the remediated territories into economic circulation was noted.

Risk Analysis and Innovative Product Management in Rosatom State Corporation: A Case Study of a Green Project Floating Nuclear Thermal Power Plant “Akademik Lomonosov”

Risk management plays a crucial role in ensuring the dynamic development and energy security of the national economy in the nuclear sector.This study focuses on the application of the smart card method for evaluating risks in the energy sector, using the example of a carbon-free energy technology development project at Rosatom State Corporation.The subject of the research is the Floating nuclear thermal power plant “Akademik Lomonosov”, which is designed to provide reliable electricity and heat supply to consumers in the Far North and Far East regions. This project is one of the key directions for developing the new business block in the State Corporation Rosatom.The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk management of innovative projects in the green nuclear sector, with a focus on the Floating nuclear thermal power plant “Akademik Lomonosov”.The authors used the methods of comparative analysis, system analysis, the analysis of statistical data, financial reports, and official documents.The results show that risk management is crucial for ensuring the dynamic innovative development of nuclear energy in the near-, medium- and long-term, and the smart card can be a beneficial tool in this regard.The key conclusion of the study is that the green project Floating nuclear thermal power plant “Akademik Lomonosov” has been successfully prepared for operation, considering most of the key risks. The risk evaluation conducted using the smart card method has demonstrated its effectiveness in identifying and managing risks associated with the project. The authors emphasize the importance of integrating smart cards into risk assessment practices in the nuclear industry and highlight their potential for use in future projects.

Intra-company and strategic planning tools at industrial enterprises: Innovative solutions and developments

Intra-company and strategic planning consider the organization from different sides, combining the results obtained to compile a comprehensive strategy based on planned indicators, based on the capabilities of the enterprise and the assessment of external competitive advantages. In addition, intra-company and strategic planning helps industrial enterprises to make rational decisions and control risks in a volatile business environment. At the output, the company receives a single plan with priority areas of business development. The purpose of the work is to analyze the use of intra-company and strategic planning tools at industrial enterprises. In the conducted research general scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis, grouping, generalization. Project and process management becomes a solution in the implementation of the investment block of the business strategy (a key tool). In PJSC “Quadra” it was proposed to introduce a projectprocess approach to management. The modified life cycle management system of the investment project (within the framework of the project-process approach) will avoid the following losses: in the form of RUB 250 thousand of the working time fund of the engineering staff of the branch. Rosatom State corporation considered a Scrum methodology, where social and economic effect from its application is 70% of successfully realized tasks, 20% – experience exchange between employees, 10% – training development.

Approaches to Strategic Audit Implementation: Experience of Rosatom State Corporation

In today’s environment of global change and upheaval, the challenge of maintaining sustainability and business continuity has become particularly urgent for businesses. To a large extent, the prospects for achieving business goals depend on its ability to adapt quickly to the changing environment in which it operates, but this alone is no longer enough. On a long-term horizon, on a strategic scale, the crucial role in ensuring sustainability and continuity of business operations, as well as in assessing the relevance, ambition and feasibility of the goals set begins to play its ability to timely notice risks and promptly respond to them. To help him in this is called for a strategic audit.The purpose of the work is to analyze the existing approaches to the implementation of strategic audit, as well as to disclose the methodology of its implementation in the State Corporation «Rosatom» and organizations included in its management circuit. The study was conducted using such scientific methods as analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization; its practical results may be useful, first of all, to managers who make important decisions on business management, as well as to analysts who assess risks in implementation of strategic goals of the company.

Радиационная и пожарная опасность натриевого теплоносителя

Introduction. Nuclear power plants in the Russian Federation produce about 20 % of the total electricity. On the basis of fast neutron reactors using sodium as a coolant, Rosatom State Corporation is implementing the “Breakthrough” project aimed at the implementation of a nuclear fuel cycle using the energy potential of natural uranium. Study and generalization of information about fire and radiation hazards of sodium coolant is an urgent task to ensure safety in the operation of this type of reactors. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the article is an analytical study of information about sodium coolant radiation and fire hazard, published in domestic and foreign scientific literature. To achieve it, an analysis of fast neutron reactors operating in the world was carried out, the coolants used in fast reactors were considered. System analysis of radionuclides present in sodium coolant has been carried out, comparative diagrams according to radionuclide radiation properties are presented, the most dangerous radionuclides for humans present in the sodium coolant have been identified. The fire hazard of sodium metal and peculiarities of extinguishing fires associated with the leakage of sodium coolant in the primary and secondary circuits of the reactor plant are analyzed. Results and its discussion. At the present time, there is 1 experimental-industrial fast neutron reactor in operation in the world, located in Russia, and 1 experimental reactor in India and China. Sodium is used as a coolant in these reactors. As a result of the literature analysis from open sources, it was found that the main sources of impurities in the metal coolant are protective gas, structural and technological materials of the installation, and products of nuclear reactions. A systematic analysis of the properties of radionuclides present in the metal coolant made it possible to determine the most dangerous of them for human life and health. The fire hazard of sodium coolant is mainly due to its chemical activity. The main ways of extinguishing spilled sodium is isolation from oxygen by covering the puddle of metallic sodium with powdered fire-extinguishing MHS, powdered aluminum oxide or reduction of oxygen concentration in the air below 4 % by volume gas extinguishing with nitrogen, carbon dioxide or inert gases. Conclusions. As a result of the analysis of radionuclides present in the sodium coolant of a fast neutron reactor, it was found that the most dangerous for people are 24Na, 137Cs, 125Sb, 22Na, 239Pu, 54Mn, 110mAg, 131I. Based on the results of the analysis of the fire hazard of radioactive sodium, the most common fire extinguishing agents are established and the features of extinguishing fires that occur when a sodium coolant ignites are described.

Атомная энергетика как инструмент внешней политики России на Ближнем Востоке

Introduction. The article examines the development of the nuclear industry and the successes of the State Corporation “Rosatom” which allows Russia not only to ensure the growth of this important sector of industry and economy, but also to occupy a leading position in the world nuclear energy markets. In addition to the economic effect, this direction of state activity allows solving a wide range of foreign policy tasks. The article analyzes how the Russian state, using the potential of its nuclear industry and its competitive advantages, simultaneously realizes its interests in the Middle East. Methods and materials. During preparing the article, the authors used a synthesis of institutional and systemic approaches, a comparative historical approach, research in the development of diplomacy and the balance of “powers” in the foreign policy of the state, as well as predictive analysis within the problem field of the implementation of the foreign policy instrument under consideration. Analysis. At present, state corporation Rosatom is one of the leaders in the global nuclear industry and is implementing projects for the construction of 35 power units around the world, including the Middle East. Nuclear energy programs are currently planned or are under way in six countries in the region. Of the projects noted, Rosatom has firm agreements with Egypt, Iran and Turkey. Also, the Russian leadership is optimistic about the possibility of concluding contracts for the construction of nuclear power plants in Jordan and Saudi Arabia. The competitive advantages of a Russian company have a wide range from technological advantages to the most flexible terms of cooperation, regardless of the foreign policy and global conjuncture. At the same time, the activities of Rosatom are converted into political advantages that ensure the strengthening of Russia’s influence in the Middle East region. Discussion. The authors assess the further development of the Middle East programs for the development of the peaceful atom, Russia’s participation in these processes, as well as the identification of associated risks. Results. The authors conclude that by using and developing nuclear energy, Russia is promoting its national interests in the context of the continuing negative economic and political background in the world. The country’s leading positions in this industry make it possible to build favorable forecasts regarding the application of nuclear energy in the field of foreign policy, including the Middle East, where Russia has many competitive advantages. Authors’ contribution. D.A. Mirgorod developed the content of the article and carried out its scientific edition. E.F. Parubochaya analyzed cases related to the implementation by Russia of nuclear power plant projects in Iran and Turkey.

Development of Atomic-Hydrogen Energy Technologies in the Rosatom State Corporation

Development of Atomic-Hydrogen Energy Technologies in the Rosatom State Corporation

Реализация единства измерений характеристик РАО при передаче на захоронение

The paper discusses the comprehensive measures implemented to ensure the uniformity of measurements as regards the RW characteristics demonstrating their compliance with waste acceptance criteria for disposal. Under this framework, the following regulations have been developed by JSC VNIINM: the Unified Industry Guidelines for the Measurements of Radiation Waste Characteristics, standard measurement and test procedures, as well as the standard of the State Corporation Rosatom for monitoring physical and chemical property indicators and characteristics of the RW form.