State Certification Research Articles

Формирование общепрофессиональных компетенций будущих учителей как педагогическая проблема

The process of formation of the general professional competencies of future teachers is the subject of research by many domestic and foreign scientists, which come down to the updating of general professional competencies, the study of their essence and content, become the subject of planning in documents of state and strategic importance, are reflected in the development strategies of domestic and foreign education systems. The analysis of regulatory documents in the field of higher professional education of the Kyrgyz Republic and the analysis of the results of the final state certification of university graduates led to the conclusion that to date, a mechanism for assessing the level of competency formation is not sufficiently developed. A survey was conducted with employers, a conversation with schoolteachers, on the basis of which some facts were revealed that indicate a low level and even lack of formality of some competencies, from among both universal and professional competencies. Over the past five years, the task of effective innovative functioning of the domestic system of higher professional education has been positioned with particular acuteness, which is associated with a number of different reasons that inevitably occur at the educational level. And the requirements of employers to improve the quality of higher professional education and to carry out high-quality training of graduates from year to year become a leading guideline not only for employers, but also for consumers in the format of state and social orders. Sources are analyzed that made it possible to focus on the problems of teacher education that exist both in the domestic system and in the countries of the post-Soviet space. For the formation of the general professional competencies of future history teachers, it is important to develop modern mechanisms for implementing this process that would meet the requirements of the basic skills of the 21st century in the context of person-centered education throughout life.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Legal Features of Aerial Video

The purpose of the study is to systematize the requirements of regulatory documents of the United States of America, the countries of the European Union and the Russian Federation regulating the procedure for aerial video recording using UAVs. As a result of the study, information that allowed UAV owners to quickly resolve issues related to obtaining permission to fly, observing the established procedure for using airspace, fulfilling requirements to ensure data confidentiality and nondisclosure of state secrets, UAV registration and certification of an external pilot activity was presented. The efficiency of resolving issues is ensured by the fact that the main provisions of regulatory documents are supplemented by links to relevant resources, which allows obtaining more detailed information depending on the specific situation. The procedure for implementing practical actions to fulfill the requirements of legal acts is also set out. The novelty of the work lies in the way of presenting the requirements of regulatory documents, ensuring their familiarization by the UAV owners in a minimum time and in the amount determined by the specifics of performing aerial video recording in each specific case.

Naming and confronting the challenges of bilingual teacher preparation: A dilemma for dual language education in California – lessons learned

ABSTRACTAt a time when Dual Language programs are growing exponentially, educators’ conversations revolve around the challenges to identify, name, and confront the pressing issues in effective preparation and continued professional development for bilingual teachers. Currently, the preparation for candidates varies across university programs despite state and national academic standards for the profession. Differences and emphasis in curriculum, field experiences, and state certification provide a myriad of program alternatives. However, one common thread amongst teacher preparation programs is the wide diversity in the candidates’ bilingual competencies. This research examines the multi-dimensional aspects of bilingual teacher preparation slated to meet the demands of dual language programs. The importance of this research is not only to identify and name the current challenges in preparing highly qualified bilingual teacher candidates in California, but to also discuss implications and recommendations in the careful preparation of culturally and linguistically competent teachers and the faculty that prepare them.

Addressing the Сompetence of Experts and Specialists in the Light of Provisions of ISO/IEC 17025:2017 and International Experience in Applying Specialized Knowledge

The purpose of the study is to reflect differences in approaches to determining the competence of experts and specialists in domestic forensic expertise and based on international standards for forensic examination. According to the international standard, ISO/IEC 17025:2017 “General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories”, competence is determined by the demonstrated ability to apply knowledge and/or skills and personal qualities. An attempt has been made to adapt this formulation to the realities of the Russian forensic activities. Also – based on a standard approach – consideration has been given to the issue of specialized knowledge in the field of trades and crafts, as well as opportunities to determine the level of expertise have been discussed considering two possible professional situations: individuals who have passed state certification procedures relating to their trades or crafts, and individuals working in their trades or crafts without having received such certification. International standards for forensic examination and comments thereto, foreign expert practice, publications on domestic forensic expertise and the procedural codes of the Russian Federation have served as materials for the research. The methods of the general theory of forensic examination have been used in the process of research, which are comparative analysis, abstraction and modeling and legal analysis. Regarding people with special knowledge the international standard ISO/IEC 17025:2017 “General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories” demonstrates the breadth and universality of an approach to their competent activity. What is important here is the demonstrated ability to apply knowledge and/or skills, as shown by a specialist or expert at the time of competence assessment or verification within the framework of forensic laboratory accreditation. A situation when there is equality of knowledge and/or skills and personal qualities can be adapted (to some extent and without significant adjustments) to the Russian realities in forensic activities. For example, in areas of application of specialized knowledge such as skilled trades or crafts or in narrowly specialized or rare spheres of human activity. The various formulations of the term “competence” contain one unchanging feature – the obligatory verification of the level of knowledge and skills. The mechanisms that have been developed through practice to verify the competence of experts and specialists can be supplemented by the capabilities provided by standards. Assessing an expert’s competence taking into account the processes of standardization in forensic activities, currently pending updates to legislation on forensic activities in the Russian Federation and also foreign experience in the application of specialized knowledge in courts of the USA, will contribute to the formation of an integrated position of the Russian expert community and a better implementation of standardization into domestic science, as well as of the unification of rules for the forensic expert activity.

Professional certification system of infection prevention and control in the United States and its enlightenment to China

The United States Certification Board of Infection Control and Epidemiology(CBIC)provides standardized measurements for all infection prevention and control professionals. It pursues a professional standard of excellence and aims to continuously improve their skills to ensure safe medical care of high quality for patients. We should learn from their certification system of infection prevention and control to accelerate the development and maturity of professional certification of infection prevention and control in China. Key words: Infection control; Professional certification system; United States; Enlightenment

The Experience of Home Care Providers and Beneficiaries With Enhanced Training Requirements in Washington State.

Objective: Our objective was to understand the perceived impact of Washington State's upgraded training and certification requirements of long-term care workers providing personal care services from the perspectives of consumers and home care aides. Methods: We applied conventional qualitative content analysis to semi-structured interviews with 17 consumers and 10 certified home care aides. Results: We found that consumers in this study put a high premium on directing many aspects of their personal care services. We also found that while home care aides supported what consumers desired for their own care, some were unsure how to reconcile providing individualized services with the State's standardized, competency-based training and certification program. Discussion: State-based efforts, such as the one in Washington State, serve as an important starting point for building a broader effort toward the identification of competencies and associated training standards for the home care workforce.

Buprenorphine doctors, patients would face limitations under Pennsylvania bill

Medical professionals in Pennsylvania are using terms such as “draconian” and “malicious” to describe proposed state legislation that would impose new restrictions on physicians who prescribe buprenorphine for opioid use disorder. Similar legislation has been introduced in previous years in Pennsylvania, but this year's push has gained momentum with the state Senate's June passage of a bill that would add a state certification fee to the existing federal requirements for physicians waivered to prescribe the partial agonist.

State Examination as a Way to Assess Postgraduate Students’ Teaching Competencies

The article discusses the system for developing and assessing teaching competencies of PhD program graduates. The experience of Russian universities in conducting the final state examination in postgraduate schools is considered. The authors analyze the options for the distribution of the competencies being assessed between the two parts of the final state certification of postgraduate students: the state examination and the defense of their research report. The system developed and implemented at Lobachevsky University for postgraduate students’ step-by-step training for a teaching career at a higher education institution is discussed in detail, including: 1) theoretical training in the framework of the discipline “Psychology and Pedagogy of Higher Education”, 2) teaching practice, 3) preparation of a study manual based on the results of the postgraduate student’s dissertation research, and its defense at the final state examination. Assessments of the practice-oriented format of the state examination by postgraduate students are presented.

The Relationship Between Board Certification and Disciplinary Actions Against Board-Eligible Family Physicians.

Lack of specialty board certification has been reported as a significant physician-level predictor of receiving a disciplinary action from a state medical board. This study investigated the association between family physicians receiving a disciplinary action from a state medical board and certification by the American Board of Family Medicine (ABFM). Three datasets were merged and a series of logistic regressions were conducted examining the relationship between certification status and disciplinary actions when adjusting for covariates. Data were available from 1976 to 2017. Predictor variables were gender, age, medical training degree type, medical school location, and the severity of the action. Of the family physicians in this sample, 95% (114,454/120,443) had never received any disciplinary action. Having ever been certified was associated with a reduced likelihood of ever receiving an action (odds ratio [OR] = 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.30, 0.40; P < .001), and having held a prior but not current certification at the time of the action was associated with an increase in receiving the most severe type of action (OR = 3.71; 95% CI = 2.24, 6.13; P < .001). Disciplinary actions are uncommon events. Family physicians who had ever been ABFM certified were less likely to receive an action. The most severe actions were associated with decreased odds of being board certified at the time of the action. Receiving the most severe action type increased the likelihood of physicians holding a prior but not current certification.

Closer Than You Think: The Vulnerable Older Adult

“Please! Please! Don’t make me go back there! The frail, white-haired old woman clutches your arm as the attendant attempts to transfer her to the wheelchair so she can be returned to where she lives. She continues to resist the transfer, grabbing at the side rails of the stretcher, crying, and saying, “They’ll hurt me again!” TableResources related to care of older and vulnerable adults Resource Web site The Long-Term Care Ombudsman Program, Adult Protective Services, and State Survey and Certification Agency www.theconsumervoice.org/get_help Eldercare Locator www.eldercare.acl.gov National Consumer Voice for Quality Long-Term Care www.theconsumervoice.org National Long-Term Care Ombudsman Resource Center www.ltcombudsman.org National Center on Elder Abuse https://ncea.acl.gov/ National Sexual Violence Resource Center www.nsvrc.org National Adult Protective Services Association www.napsa-now.org Open table in a new tab Joan Somes, Member, Greater Twin Cities Chapter, is Critical Care Educator, Regions Hospital EMS, St. Paul, MN.

3430 Promoting Stakeholder Research Competencies to Culturalize Health Science by the Miami CTSA: National Partnership for Training Community Health Workers in Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (PCOR) in 4 States

3430 Promoting Stakeholder Research Competencies to Culturalize Health Science by the Miami CTSA: National Partnership for Training Community Health Workers in Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (PCOR) in 4 States

The effect of the cost of obstetric care on antenatal and postnatal healthcare utilization: Evidence from Armenia

The high cost of obstetric care is a common reason for late or no detection of preventable preterm labor, serious complications, long-term disabilities, and neonatal and maternal death. To resolve the debate of whether affordable, high-quality healthcare can be used as a policy tool to incentivize timely and more frequent checkups during and after pregnancy, we examine the causal effect of the Obstetric Care State Certificate (OSCS) program, which fully covered the costs of all antenatal services, consultations, medical exams, delivery and postnatal care in Armenia after 2008, on utilization of prenatal and postnatal care in the country. Evidence suggests that the reform had a significant, positive effect on care utilization during and after pregnancy, with the largest effects being elicited in the subsamples of women at high risk pregnancies, and mothers who have had a miscarriage or an abortion.

United States and Canada pre-service teacher certification standards for student mental health: A comparative case study

U.S. and Canadian K-12 students face social-emotional and mental health concerns that stand to jeopardize their well-being and achievement. Teachers possess unique potential to promote students' social-emotional and mental health wellness. However, training in these areas is not widespread in most teacher candidates’ learning experiences. This study compares policy within and across neighboring countries, identifying the extent to which all fifty United States and ten Canadian Provinces specify mental health competency standards for teacher certification. These standards were limited in number and phrased generally, with notable, informative exceptions in scattered states and provinces. Implications for research, practice and policy are discussed.

Factors contributing to rapidly increasing rates of cesarean section in Armenia: a partially mixed concurrent quantitative-qualitative equal status study

BackgroundArmenia has an upward trend in cesarean sections (CS); the CS rate increased from 7.2% in 2000 to 31.0% in 2017. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential factors contributing to the rapidly increasing rates of CS in Armenia and identify the actual costs of CS and vaginal birth (VB), which are different from the reimbursement rates by the Obstetric Care State Certificate Program of the Ministry of Health.MethodsThis was a partially mixed concurrent quantitative-qualitative equal status study. The research team collected qualitative data via in-depth interviews (IDI) with obstetrician-gynecologists (OBGYN) and policymakers and focus group discussions (FGD) with women. The quantitative phase of the study utilized the bottom-up cost accounting (considering only direct variable costs) from the perspective of providers, and it included self-administered provider surveys and retrospective review of mother and child hospital records. The survey questionnaire was developed based on IDIs with providers of different medical services.ResultsThe mean estimated direct variable cost per case was 35,219 AMD (94.72 USD) for VB and 80,385 AMD (216.19 USD) for CS. The ratio of mean direct variable costs for CS vs. VB was 2.28, which is higher than the government’s reimbursement ratio of 1.64. The amount of bonus payments to OBGYNs was 11 fold higher for CS than for VB indicating that OBGYNs may have significant financial motivation to perform CS without a medical necessity. The qualitative study analysis revealed that financial incentives, maternal request and lack of regulations could be contributing to increasing the CS rates. While OBGYNs did not report that higher reimbursement for CS could lead to increasing CS rates, the policymakers suggested a relationship between the high CS rate and the reimbursement mechanism. The quantitative phase of the study confirmed the policymakers’ concern.ConclusionThe study suggested an important relationship between the increasing CS rates and the current health care reimbursement system.

DISSERTATION COUNCILS’ INDICATORS DYNAMICS IN THE ROAD MAP IMPLEMENTATION

The research article analyzes the gradual achievement of target scientific activity indicators by members of dissertation councils and by the organizations wherein dissertation councils are based. The purpose of the article is to analyse the compliance of dissertation councils with the criterion requirements imposed by the Higher Attestation Commission under the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia both to the indicators of members of dissertation councils’ scientific and publishing activities effectiveness and to the indicators of universities and scientific organizations which are the basis for dissertation councils’ work. To achieve this goal, there were analysed performance indicators obtained within monitoring the dissertation councils’ network activities during 2015–2018. The target performance indicators of the state system of scientific certification were determined by the Roadmap Plan approved by the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia on 23rd August 2016. The results of the analysis showed that the 4-year period of the «roadmap» measures implementation had seen a steady tendency to improving the indicators of the members of dissertation councils’ publication activity compliance with the criteria of the Higher Attestation Commission. However, the overall level of the entire network of councils’ compliance with these criteria in 2018 reached only 82.7 %, and the demanded 90 % benchmark was not achieved. As a result, the analysis showed that administrative measures aimed at achieving the benchmark are not enough, and it is necessary to amend the regulatory framework governing the activities of the state certification system. When preparing proposals for changing the regulatory framework, it is necessary to study the experience of the work of the dissertation councils created on the basis of the organizations, which have received the right to independently award academic degrees. The presented analysis of the indicators of the members of dissertation councils’ publication activity compliance with the criterion requirements presented in the road map is a basic guideline for the practice of university management in forming dissertation councils. The article is completely original and presents quantitative information on the dynamics of the performance indicators of the members of dissertation councils’ scientific and publication activities, as well as those of universities and scientific organizations which are the basis for dissertation councils’ work.

System of forming readiness of geographer students of the Odessa I. I. Mechnikov national university for future professional activities at secondary and higher schools

The article covers the main tasks and problems of the current reform of the higher education system of the state and the process of educational and practical training of geographer students, namely, at the Odessa I. I. Mechnikov National University. The system of measures to form geographer students’ readiness for future professional and practical activities at a secondary high school is analyzed. At the bachelor's level, the system includes the study of the disciplines of the normative part (humanities, socio-economic and natural sciences and vocational training) and vocational-oriented disciplines of specialization of students, the passing of educational and production practices final state certification with protection of qualification work and passing of state examination in specialty and specialization. The master's level includes the study of the disciplines of normative (humanitarian, socio-economic, natural science and vocational training) and selective (vocational-oriented disciplines) parts, the passage of industrial practices and final state certification (writing and defense of master's work). Emphasis is placed on the particular importance of the current educational and practical independence and self-activity of students and their independent work (self-education) in deepening the results of learning and formation, and improvement of professional and practical competences and skills. The article does not exhaust the problem of forming the readiness of geography students for the future professional and pedagogical activity in secondary and higher education. In the future, we consider it necessary to continue the analysis of the process of formation of professional and innovative pedagogical competence of geographers of higher education institutions, and geographers of Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University in particular.

ACTUAL QUESTIONS OF BIOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY, HYGIENE AND TOXICOLOGY IN MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF AGROCHEMICALS

The article is devoted to the results of the 10th anniversary scientific-practical conference «Anapa-2018» «Prospects for the use of innovative forms of fertilizers, plant protection and plant growth regulators in agricultural technologies» with the participation of leading experts and managers in the field of agrochemical production, specialized agencies, the Russian Academy Sciences, Rospotrebnadzor, and the RF Ministry of Agriculture. The conference discussed a wide range of topical issues on the use of new innovative forms of fertilizers, protection products, plant growth regulators and the technology of their use in agricultural production; issues of state registration, certification and declaration of pesticides and agrochemicals.

RESEARCH OF INFORMATION MAINTENANCE TECHNOLOGY OF MACHINE OPERATOR TRAINING QUALITY ASSESSMENT AS THE ELEMENT OF THE SYSTEM

The information maintenance technology of machine operator training quality assessment with numerical programmed control (the machine operator), which ensures the operation of the “Operator – Machine Tool – Part Manufacturing Program” (OMMP) system, has been studied. The methods used to obtain primary empirical self-assessments, expert assessment and standardized estimates of the industry standard for calculating: 1) The index of professional competence of the machine operator, where self-assessments and expert assessments are combined; 2) The index of quality assessment of machine operator training, where the series of expert assessments and standardized assessments of the industry standard are combined, separately, for each of the four levels of complexity of the part-processing control program. The proposed mathematical methods of index estimates simplify the process of comparative analysis and establish a relationship between the growth index of the professional machine operator competence formation and the effectiveness of the information maintenance technology index for assessing the quality of its training by state certification methods. It has been experimentally proved that raising the level of qualification through the means of state certification has a significant effect on the growth of the level of professional competence and the quality of machine operator training. The effectiveness of information technology to support the quality assessment of machine operator training is provided by subjective factors (formed qualities of the operator’s personality) in conjunction with the external (objective) factors causing them to form.

Premium Service: Comparing Cost and Quality for Colorectal Cancer Screening

Despite emphasis on paying for value, few studies have identified the relationship between price and quality for health care services. One reason why the relationship between price and quality remains uncertain is inherent selection bias: the same patients who are likely to receive care from high-priced providers are also more likely to be at higher risk for complications. This selection is particularly relevant for an important cancer screening test, colonoscopy, which is both an invasive procedure and among the most expensive cancer screening test. This paper uses an exogenous source of variation that influences the supply of low-priced providers, state Certificate of Need (CON) laws, as an instrumental variable for receiving a colonoscopy at low-priced providers. Patients who live in a state with a CON law are 22% less likely to receive a colonoscopy from a particular form of low-priced provider, ambulatory surgical centers (ASCs). Using this source of variation, receiving a colonoscopy from an ASC reduces procedure costs by 39% and patient cost sharing by 44%. For quality outcomes, the results are more ambiguous–use of ASCs leads to a 1.9 percentage point reduction in surgical complication rates but an 8.1 percentage point reduction in potentially cancerous polyp removal. Using the same sources of variation, higher colonoscopy prices, lower market share of ASCs, and increased market concentration reduce colonoscopy utilization, but increase the use of substitute cancer screening tests. This substitution produces the counterintuitive result that higher prices leads to lower overall cancer screening spending.

ФОРМИ КОНТРОЛЮ В МЕДИЧНОМУ ВНЗ України: СТАРИЙ – НОВИЙ УСНИЙ ІСПИТ

Мета роботи – аналіз проведення іспиту як основної форми контролю в сучасній системі вищої освіти з точки зору його ефективності; дослідження позитивних сторін та недоліків даної форми рубіжного контролю; аналіз шляхів поновлення іспиту, його нових форм та можливість їх використання в практиці викладання в медичному ВНЗ.&#x0D; Основна частина. У статті представлені різноманітні форми контролю знань, що застосовуються у Запорізькому державному медичному університеті: вхідний (попередній, діагностичний), поточний (здійснюється безперервно, відстежує рівень знань, умінь і навичок студентів на практичних заняттях), рубіжний (контроль знань, умінь і навичок після закінчення модуля або курсу), відстрочений та підсумковий. Підсумковий контроль ­ державна атестація ­ проводиться у вигляді державних іспитів, у тому числі захисту випускної кваліфікаційної роботи.&#x0D; Висновки. Основною формою диференційованого рубіжного контролю в ВНЗ є іспит. Іспитом закінчується вивчення предмета або його основного розділу, причому викладач не може відмовитися від даної форми контролю хоча б тому, що вона вказана в навчальному плані, обов’язковому документі, якого необхідно дотримуватись.