Quality Control Standards Research Articles

BananaImageBD: A comprehensive banana image dataset for classification of banana varieties and detection of ripeness stages in Bangladesh.

Bananas are among the most widely consumed fruits globally due to their appealing flavor, high nutritional value, and ease of digestion. In Bangladesh, bananas hold significant agricultural importance, being one of the most extensively cultivated fruits in terms of land coverage and ranking third in production volume. The banana image dataset presented in this article includes clear and detailed images of four common banana varieties in Bangladesh: Sagor Kola (Musa acuminate), Shabri Kola (Musa sapientum), Bangla Kola (Musa sp.), and Champa Kola (Musa sapientum), as well as four key stages of banana ripeness: Green, Semi-ripe, Ripe, and Overripe. The bananas were collected from wholesale markets and retail fruit shops located in different places in Bangladesh. Overall, the dataset has 2471 original images of different varieties of bananas and 820 original images of varying ripeness stages of bananas. All the images were carefully captured using a high-quality smartphone camera. Later, each image was manually reviewed, maintaining the quality standard throughout the dataset. The augmented version of the banana variety classification dataset contains 7413 images and the augmented banana ripeness stages dataset contains 2457 images. The dataset possesses immense potential in driving innovation and development of automated and efficient processes and mechanisms in several fields, including precision agriculture, food processing, and supply chain management. Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models can be trained on this dataset to accurately categorize banana varieties and determine their ripeness stages. Such ML and DL models can be leveraged to develop automated systems to determine the optimal harvest time, establish standards for quality control of bananas, develop products and marketing strategies through analysis of consumer preferences for various banana varieties and ripeness levels, and streamline the banana supply chain through improvements in harvesting, sorting, packaging, and inventory management. Additionally, researchers aiming to contribute to developing Computer Vision technologies in food and agricultural sciences will find this dataset valuable in advancing precision farming and food processing mechanisms. Therefore, the dataset has a vast capacity for automating banana production and processing, minimizing the costs of manual labor, and improving overall efficiency.

The Impact of Fluid Flow on Microbial Growth and Distribution in Food Processing Systems

This article examines the impact of fluid flow dynamics on microbial growth, distribution, and control within food processing systems. Fluid flows, specifically laminar and turbulent flows, significantly influence microbial behaviors, such as biofilm development and microbial adhesion. Laminar flow is highly conducive to biofilm formation and microbial attachment because the flow is smooth and steady. This smooth flow makes it much more difficult to sterilize the surface. Turbulent flow, however, due to its chaotic motion and the shear forces that are present, inhibits microbial growth because it disrupts attachment; however, it also has the potential to contaminate surfaces by dispersing microorganisms. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is highlighted as an essential component for food processors to predict fluid movement and enhance numerous fluid-dependent operations, including mixing, cooling, spray drying, and heat transfer. This analysis underscores the significance of fluid dynamics in controlling microbial hazards in food settings, and it discusses some interventions, such as antimicrobial surface treatments and properly designed equipment. Each process step from mixing to cooling, which influences heat transfer and microbial control by ensuring uniform heat distribution and optimizing heat removal, presents unique fluid flow requirements affecting microbial distribution, biofilm formation, and contamination control. Food processors can improve microbial management and enhance product safety by adjusting flow rates, types, and equipment configurations. This article helps provide an understanding of fluid–microbe interactions and offers actionable insights to advance food processing practices, ensuring higher standards of food safety and quality control.

Comprehensive guide for epigenetics and transcriptomics data quality control.

Host response to environmental exposures such as pathogens and chemicals can include modifications to the epigenome and transcriptome. Improved signature discovery, including the identification of the agent and timing of exposure, has been enabled by advancements in assaying techniques to detect RNA expression, DNA base modifications, histone modifications, and chromatin accessibility. The interrogation of the epigenome and transcriptome cascade requires analyzing disparate datasets from multiple assay types, often at single-cell resolution, derived from the same biospecimen. However, there remains a paucity of rigorous quality control standards of those datasets that reflect quality assurance of the underlying assay. This guide outlines a comprehensive suite of metrics that can be used to ensure quality from 11 different epigenetics and transcriptomics assays. Recommended mitigative actions to address failed metrics are provided. The workflow presented aims to improve benchwork protocols and dataset quality to enable accurate discovery of exposure signatures.

Nutritional and Industrial Insights into Hemp Seed Oil: A Value-Added Product of Cannabis sativa L.

Industrial hemp is mainly cultivated for its fibers aimed at the production of textiles, paper, and cordage; the inflorescences for medicinal purposes; and the seeds are used by the food industry due to their high nutritional and functional matrix of protein, fiber, lipids, and microelements. Hemp seed oil (HsO) is a unique source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, with a phenomenal ω6:ω3 ratio of 2.5–3.0, significantly enhancing human health when consumed daily. HsO is mostly obtained through cold pressing due to minimal thermal treatment, and although of lower yield compared to solvent extraction, it presents higher quality lipid fractions and organoleptic characteristics such as color, taste, flavor, and density. Although HsO is a powerful source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, and phytosterols, its production lacks standardized quality control parameters, except for THC, which is subject to EU legislation. Therefore, it is essential to build up a quality protocol system for standardizing seed conservation, oil extraction methods, and quality parameters. This review aims to display an overall nutritional framework of the HsO and encourage further research into its use in the food value chain.

Stability of volatile organic compounds in thermal desorption tubes and in solution

Exhaled breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are often collected and stored in sorbent tubes before thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) analysis. Information about the stability of VOCs during storage is needed to account for potential artifacts and monitor for losses. Additionally, information about the stability of VOC standards in solution is required to assess their performance as quality control and internal standards. We evaluated the stability of a standard mixture of 42 VOCs in dual-sorbent tubes containing Tenax® TA and Carbotrap 1TD over 60 d at commonly used storage conditions: room temperature (∼21 °C), 4 °C, and -80 °C. The same 42 VOCs were also evaluated for their stability in methanol over 60 d while stored at -20 °C. All samples were analyzed using TD-GC-MS. During storage, most VOCs were stable on sorbent after 60 d: 36/42 (86%), 39/42 (93%), and 41/42 (98%) had not statistically changed for room temperature, 4 °C and -80 °C, respectively, based on Spearman rank correlation coefficients and linear regression analysis. The isotopically labeled VOCs tested here are well-suited to serve as internal standards for pre-analysis or storage. Degradation of VOCs in solution was apparent after 60 d: 27/42 (64%) of VOCs had statistically decreased. The total VOC mixture had dropped to 90% of its original intensity after ∼22 d and a subset of VOCs typically used as internal standards dropped to 90% in ∼16 d. Analysts using similar mixtures should make a fresh solution at least every two weeks to ensure analytical accuracy. This study provides important insights into storage practices for both sorbent tubes and standard solutions, guiding analysts toward improved reliability and accuracy in exhaled breath analysis.

Miao medicine Tiekuaizi (Radix Chimonanthi): a review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and predictive analysis on quality markers.

Miao medicine Tiekuaizi (Radix Chimonanthi) has been successfully used by Guizhou Miao ethnic physicians in clinical treatments, demonstrating significant curative effects. The research progress on the resource distribution, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Tiekuaizi was reviewed by collecting related literature from traditional Chinese medicine books and various databases. Based on the comprehensive review and centered around the principles of traditional Chinese medicine quality marker (Q-Marker) theory, nine secondary metabolites (scopoletin, scopolin, isofraxidin, fraxin, scoparone, calycanthoside, 6, 7, 8-trimethoxycoumarin, tomenin, and calycanthine) are suggested as potential Q-markers for Tiekuaizi to establish quality control standards. This can provide a valuable reference for the collection and processing, pharmaceutical production, and effectiveness and safety of clinical applications of Miao medicine Tiekuaizi.

Single-nucleus transcriptome profiling provides insights into the pathophysiology of adhesive arachnoiditis.

Adhesive arachnoiditis (AA) is a rare form of chronic degenerative pathology associated with persistent inflammation in the arachnoid matter of the spinal cord. Despite the existing knowledge, the detailed pathological mechanisms underlying AA are not fully understood. This study aimed to elucidate through comprehensive single nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to delineate the transcriptomic landscape of AA. From six arachnoid membrane samples, a total of 52,886 cells met the quality control standards for analysis. The main cell populations identified with specific gene markers were as follows: fibroblasts, glial cells, microglial cells, endothelial cells, mural cells, plasma cells, and T cells. Downstream analysis of fibroblasts, glial cells, and microglial cells was performed. Notably, fibroblast subsets 1 and 3 demonstrated a strong association with AA. Among them, subcluster 3 demonstrated elevated expression of genes COL1A1, COL3A1, and FN1, indicative of enhanced Wnt/β-catenin and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis pathways. Subcluster 3 was predicted to progressively transform into subcluster 1. In subcluster 1, there was a significant upregulation of genes such as BMP and ALPL, signaling enhanced activation of calcification-related pathways. This was highly relevant to end-stage arachnoid ossification formation. After being activated, microglial cells transformed into inflammatory disease-associated microglial cells and continued to express high levels of chemokines CCL2, CCL4, IL-1β, and other inflammatory factors NAMPT, INPP5D and NLRP3. This might be the main reason why AA recurrence is frequently observed in patients. These insights enhance our understanding of the pathological progression of AA and may contribute to the identification of novel therapeutic targets.

Management and quality control of construction materials standards, techniques, and challenges

Construction materials are crucial for the safety and longevity of structures, as they must withstand environmental conditions and be durable. Adherence to stringent standards and regulations is essential for materials like concrete, steel, wood, bricks, and composites. Common defects include manufacturing flaws, storage issues, non-compliance with standards, and variability in quality. To minimize quality problems, rigorous control techniques like material testing, visual inspections, performance testing, and certifications are applied. Proper finishing enhances aesthetics, durability, and performance, while surface preparation, installation, and maintenance are critical for plumbing and electrical systems.

Multi-environment and multi-parameter screening of stability and coating efficiency of gold nanoparticle bioconjugates in application media

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and their biocompatible conjugates find wide use as transducers in (bio)sensors and as Nano-pharmaceutics. The study of the interaction between AuNPs and proteins in representative application media helps to better understand their intrinsic behaviors. A multi-environment, multi-parameter screening strategy is proposed based on asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4)-multidetector. Citrate-coated AuNPs ( AuCIT, 25.1 ± 0.2 nm) and PEG-coated AuNPs (AuPEG, 38.3 ± 0.8 nm) were employed with albumin as a model system. Attention was put in investigating the influence of Au/BSA mass ratios, that allowed to identify the yield-maximizing (1:1) and product-maximizing (2.5:1) conditions for the generation of AuNPs-protein conjugates. Furthermore, bioconjugate properties were thoroughly assessed across various saline media with different pH and ionic strengths. While AuNPs with PEG coating exhibit greater stability at high salinities, such as 30 mM, their conjugates are less stable over time. In contrast, although bare AuNPs are significantly affected by pH and salt concentration, once conjugates are formed, their stability surpasses that of the conjugates formed with AuPEG. The developed methodology can fill the vacancy of standard reference quality control (QC) procedures for bioconjugate synthesis and application in (bio)sensors and Nano-pharmaceutics, screening in a short time many combinations, easily scaling up to the semi-preparative scale or translating to different bioconjugates.

Global Perspectives on Food Safety and Quality Control Standards: A Comprehensive Review

Food safety and quality control standards are vital for ensuring the safety and integrity of the global food supply chain. This review explores the key frameworks and regulations that govern food safety, emphasizing the critical roles of various stakeholders, including regulatory agencies, food manufacturers, and consumers. Key methodologies such as Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) are examined to demonstrate their effectiveness in identifying and mitigating risks associated with foodborne illnesses. Additionally, the role of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards in promoting consistency and accountability across food industries is discussed. The importance of traceability and rigorous testing protocols play key role in enhancing consumer confidence and ensuring product quality. Emerging challenges such as globalization, technological advancements, and environmental sustainability are addressed, underscoring the need for adaptive and innovative approaches in food safety practices. By analyzing current standards and the interplay between regulatory compliance and industry practices, this review aims to offer insights into improving food safety and quality control measures. Ultimately, fostering a culture of safety and quality not only protects public health but also enhances consumer trust and supports the sustainability of food systems worldwide.

A Comprehensive Review on the Chinese Herbal Medicine Quzhiqiao

Quzhiqiao is a Chinese herbal medicine widely used in Zhejiang Province of China, which originates from the cultivar Citrus aurantiun ‘Changshanhuyou’, named Changshanhuyou in Chinese. Citrus aurantiun ‘Changshanhuyou’ is a botanical variety of C. aurantium L., which is obtained after long-term domestication. It belongs to the Rutaceae family and mainly grows in Changshan County, Zhejiang Province, China. Quzhiqiao is an authentic Chinese medicinal material in the Zhejiang area with various pharmacological and curative effects. A comprehensive review and indepth analysis of scientific literature on Quzhiqiao was conducted, utilizing diverse electronic databases and additional sources. This review provides a comprehensive overview of its chemical components, standardized quality control, pharmacological activity, and mechanism of action, which also outlines future perspectives, highlighting the necessity for further research for harnessing the potential of the therapeutic use of Quzhiqiao.

Spectrophotometric and calculative determination methods of textile color-difference threshold considering the observing condition

Purpose This study aims to investigate the varying color-difference thresholds for textiles under various illuminants. Design/methodology/approach To determine color-difference thresholds, 108 fabric samples with widely ranging colors were spectrophotometrically measured and visually assessed under four illumination conditions (correlated color temperatures of 2,856 K and 6,504 K; illuminances of 100 lx and 2,000 lx). Findings The mean spectrophotometric color-difference threshold (solely based on the textile’s physical color attributes in machine vision) was 4.22 ΔE*ab; thus, a mechanically measured color difference between two textiles (regardless of illuminant) of less than 4.22 ΔE*ab indicated individuals’ inability to differentiate between two textiles. The calculated color-difference thresholds, which reflected the color differences perceived by people considering textiles’ physical color attributes and the environmental factors in which they were observed, were higher than the spectrophotometric thresholds. This meant that under various illuminants, people had greater difficulty perceiving color differences than mechanically measured spectrophotometric thresholds. Particularly, larger discrepancies between the two threshold types occurred under reddish illuminants of 2,856 K than under bluish-white illuminants of 6,504 K. Furthermore, the extent to which people perceived color differences as distinct from actual differences under illumination was larger for greenish-blue textiles than for textiles of other hues. Originality/value The determined spectrophotometric and calculative color-difference thresholds for textiles can help fashion companies predict consumers’ perceptions of the colors of their textile products under various illuminants and, accordingly, appropriately plan colors of products and create standards for color quality control.

Innovative CNN approach for reliable chicken meat classification in the poultry industry

In response to the burgeoning need for advanced object recognition and classification, this research embarks on a journey harnessing the formidable capabilities of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The central aim of this study revolves around the precise identification and categorization of objects, with a specific focus on the critical task of distinguishing between fresh and spoiled chicken meat. This study's overarching objective is to craft a robust CNN-based classification model that excels in discriminating between objects. In the context of our research, we set out to create a model adept at distinguishing between fresh and rotten chicken meat. This endeavor holds immense potential in augmenting food safety and elevating quality control standards within the poultry industry. Our research methodology entails meticulous data collection, which includes acquiring high-resolution images of chicken meat. This meticulously curated dataset serves as the bedrock for both training and testing our CNN model. To optimize the model, we employ the 'adam' optimizer, while critical performance metrics, such as accuracy, precision, recall, and the F1-score, are methodically computed to evaluate the model's effectiveness. Our experimental findings unveil the remarkable success of our CNN model, with consistent accuracy, precision, and recall metrics all reaching an impressive pinnacle of 94%. These metrics underscore the model's excellence in the realm of object classification, with a particular emphasis on its proficiency in distinguishing between fresh and rotten chicken meat. In summation, our research concludes that the CNN model has exhibited exceptional prowess in the domains of object recognition and classification. The model's high accuracy signifies its precision in furnishing accurate predictions, while its elevated precision and recall values accentuate its effectiveness in differentiating between object classes. Consequently, the CNN model stands as a robust foundation for future strides in object classification technology. As we peer into the horizon of future research, myriad opportunities beckon. Our CNN model's applicability extends beyond chicken meat classification, inviting exploration across diverse domains. Furthermore, the model's refinement and adaptation for specific challenges represent an exciting avenue for future work, promising heightened performance across a broader spectrum of object recognition tasks.

A comparative study of the quality differences and seasonal dynamics of flavonoids between the aerial parts and roots of Scutellaria barbata.

Scutellaria barbata D. Don is a widely cultivated Chinese herbal medicine known for its medicinal properties. However, differences in the spatial distribution of metabolites, accumulation patterns of flavonoids, and pharmacological activities between the aerial parts and roots of S. barbata still remain unclear, posing challenges for its standardized cultivation and quality control. This study aimed to elucidate the quality differences between these plant parts and clarify their seasonal variations. The chemical profiles were qualitatively analyzed by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. The accumulation patterns of total flavonoids, scutellarin and baicalin in different parts of S. barbata were quantitatively analyzed by UV and HPLC respectively. The differences of pharmacological efficacy were evaluated by antioxidant assays and CCK-8 assay. In this research, there were 46 compounds identified in S. barbata that included 44 flavonoids. The aerial parts primarily accumulate flavonoids with 4'-hydroxyl group, while the root mainly accumulate flavonoids without this group. Additionally, the accumulation and variation of flavonoid components were seasonally dependent, with the aerial parts reaching peak content in spring during vigorous vegetative growth and the roots accumulating most flavonoids in autumn. The extracts from both parts exhibited antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation, with notable differences between them. This study provides valuable insights into the quality differences and seasonal dynamics of the different parts of S. barbata, offering a reference for standardized harvesting and quality control.

Revolutionizing Radiology with Natural Language Processing and Chatbot Technologies: A Narrative Umbrella Review on Current Trends and Future Directions.

The application of chatbots and NLP in radiology is an emerging field, currently characterized by a growing body of research. An umbrella review has been proposed utilizing a standardized checklist and quality control procedure for including scientific papers. This review explores the early developments and potential future impact of these technologies in radiology. The current literature, comprising 15 systematic reviews, highlights potentialities, opportunities, areas needing improvements, and recommendations. This umbrella review offers a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of natural language processing (NLP) and natural language models (NLMs), including chatbots, in healthcare. These technologies show potential for improving clinical decision-making, patient engagement, and communication across various medical fields. However, significant challenges remain, particularly the lack of standardized protocols, which raises concerns about the reliability and consistency of these tools in different clinical contexts. Without uniform guidelines, variability in outcomes may hinder the broader adoption of NLP/NLM technologies by healthcare providers. Moreover, the limited research on how these technologies intersect with medical devices (MDs) is a notable gap in the literature. Future research must address these challenges to fully realize the potential of NLP/NLM applications in healthcare. Key future research directions include the development of standardized protocols to ensure the consistent and safe deployment of NLP/NLM tools, particularly in high-stake areas like radiology. Investigating the integration of these technologies with MD workflows will be crucial to enhance clinical decision-making and patient care. Ethical concerns, such as data privacy, informed consent, and algorithmic bias, must also be explored to ensure responsible use in clinical settings. Longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the long-term impact of these technologies on patient outcomes, while interdisciplinary collaboration between healthcare professionals, data scientists, and ethicists is essential for driving innovation in an ethically sound manner. Addressing these areas will advance the application of NLP/NLM technologies and improve patient care in this emerging field.

Integrative approach to profile resilience and risk factors in Alzheimer’s disease

AbstractBackgroundA complex, multicellular disease with genetic and immunological elements, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects millions worldwide. There has been previous research linking AD to the missense variants ABI3‐rs616338‐T and PLCG2‐rs72824905‐G, and the altered expression of these genes has been shown to disrupt microglial function. In our understanding of AD risk and resilience, limited research has been conducted on how these variants affect microglial subtypes and states in AD.MethodsWe previously identified DOCK8 protein as a target for fluorescent activated nuclei sorting (FANS) to enrich microglia nuclei from frozen human brains. Using this enrichment strategy, we generated microglia enriched snRNAseq data from temporal cortex tissue of 30 donors harboring ABI3 or PLCG2 missense mutations, or neither mutation. We introduced PLCG2 variant in either homozygote, and heterozygote forms into an AD patient derived iPSC through CRISPR/Cas9 approach, differentiated these cells into microglia cells (IMGLs) following established protocols, and generated scRNAseq data after treatment with Amyloidβ. We applied standard alignment and quality control pipelines to the snRNAseq and scRNAseq datasets in parallel. Established markers of microglia states and subtypes were utilized to annotate the clusters; analyzed for their hub gene expression using comparisons between cluster differential profiling to determine signature pathways. Differential gene expression was assessed using pseudo bulk and MAST approaches.ResultsWe obtained single nuclei transcriptome profiles of 54,000 frozen human brain nuclei, of which 35,000 are microglia, through snRNAseq, and single cell profiles of 63,000 iMGLs through scRNAseq, using our standard alignment and quality control procedures. Our differential gene expression analysis identified novel genes and pathways which were identified as part of resilience or AD risk networks in microglia subtypes and states. These alterations were validated using orthogonal experimental methods and further explored for their conservation using in vivo external datasets. Pseudotime inference will be completed to probe microglia marker gene expression dynamics, treatment conditions, along with continuous cell‐state changes.ConclusionOur study uncovers microglia subtype specific resilience and risk factors provided by AD related genetic variants using snRNAseq from frozen human brain and scRNAseq from IPSC derived microglia cells. These findings nominate novel targets and pathways with therapeutic potential.

Determination of the quantitative content of volatile components in ethanol-containing products

A method is proposed for correctly determining the quantitative content of volatile components, including ethyl alcohol, in alcohol-containing products. The method is based on the use of sample density measurement data and chromatographic data for determining the quantitative content of volatile compounds. It is shown that in a number of cases the difference between the values of the volumetric content of ethyl alcohol in alcoholic products, calculated according to the interstate standard GOST 3639 and according to the proposed method, exceeds by several times the declared measurement error limit of 0.1 % by volume. The results obtained can be used to update state, interstate and international standards for quality control and safety of alcoholic and alcohol-containing products.

Rehabilitation of Cardiovascular Diseases in China.

The Annual Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China (2022) intricate landscape of cardiovascular health in China. In connection with the previous section, this 12th section of the report offers a comprehensive analysis of rehabilitation of cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, China's cardiac rehabilitation has developed vigorously, and its clinical benefits have been proven by more and more evidences. More cardiac rehabilitation centers are built and standards are constantly being promoted. Despite the rapid development and progress, there are still major shortcomings in the current situation, such as lack of awareness among patients and families about the significance and importance of cardiac rehabilitation, and under participation in cardiac rehabilitation; the development of cardiac rehabilitation is uneven, with the majority concentrated in tertiary hospitals in economically developed areas; lack of high-level evidence-based evidences, quality control and safety standards need to be improved; the medical payment system is not thorough; lack of a systematic training and admission system, hindering the development of cardiac rehabilitation in China. Therefore, continuous efforts are needed to strengthen the construction of cardiac rehabilitation centers, which should sink from tertiary hospitals to secondary and primary medical service centers; encourage clinical research on cardiac rehabilitation; introduce consensus on quality control and safety standards; explore more on phase III cardiac rehabilitation; increase investment in integrating high-tech, artificial intelligence, etc. With the unique advantages of traditional Chinese medicine, exploring a Chinese characteristic cardiac rehabilitation model that is in line with China's national conditions. Evidence-based medicine has confirmed that rehabilitation is the most effective method to reduce the disability rate of stroke, and it is also an indispensable key sector in the organized management model of stroke. Rehabilitation should span the entire process of stroke treatment. Perfecting the rehabilitation medical management system, steadily improving the rehabilitation medical service capacity, expanding diversified service methods, and emphasizing early and whole-range rehabilitation treatment have important clinical value and social significance for stroke rehabilitation.

A rapid protocol for distinguishing the quality of Sanshengyin and identifying potential markers by the “three-in-one” fingerprint profiles with antioxidant activity

It is imperative to establish a standardized model for the quality control of traditional prescriptions, exemplified by Sanshengyin (SSY). This study introduces a multi-component and multi-level "three-in-one" fingerprint quality evaluation system designed to predict the comprehensive quality of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Initially, a five-wavelength high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fusion spectrum was developed to enhance the stability of SSY within the chromatographic system. Additionally, a quantification method was employed to streamline the calculation and visualization processes of ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) spectral systems. Through this approach, chromatographic and spectral fingerprints were amalgamated into a holistic analytical strategy. The average linear quantitative fingerprint method (ALQFM) was employed to swiftly differentiate the grades of 17 sample batches. Additionally, six quality markers were identified for content determination. Correlation analysis between the total content of these quality markers and macroscopic quantitative similarity was conducted to assess the accuracy of ALQFM in evaluating the quality of TCM represented by SSY. Finally, the binary correlation analysis model was employed to investigate the correlation between antioxidant activity and fingerprint profiles, facilitating the prediction of potential bioactive compounds in SSY. This research offers a straightforward, cost-effective, and holistic approach for assessing the quality consistency of TCM. The method is recommended for adoption by medical institutions and enterprises to enhance the standardization of TCM quality control.

Rapid Identification of Chemical Constituents in New Compound Aloe Capsule Based on UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS.

The chemical composition of the new compound aloe capsule (NCAC) has not been fully elucidated to date, which poses challenges for pharmacology, scientific, and rational drug use. In this study, a rapid and sensitive method was established to comprehensively study the constituents in the NCAC. The contents of the NCAC were analyzed by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS and data postprocessing technology. Firstly, the extract was separated by UPLC system, and the fragment information was obtained under positive and negative ions and then compared with the characteristic fragments described in the literature, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid identification of the compound of NCAC. A total of 56 compounds including 21 chromones, 6 pyranones, 7 anthraquinones, 7 anthrone, 5 alkaloids, 4 amino acids, and 6 other components were detected in NCAC by comparing the retention time and mass spectrometry information and retrieving the reference literature. The UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS method was developed and utilized successfully to identify the major constituents in NCAC and would be helpful for improving the quality control standard of NCAC.