Standardized Path Coefficients Research Articles

Extension of the theory of adherence to treatment in patients with coronary heart disease

AbstractBackgroundIncreased knowledge of the concept of adherence is needed for development patient‐centered care, nursing interventions, and guidelines for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). The aim of this study was to test and extend the Theory of Adherence to Treatment regarding informational support in patients with CHD.MethodsThe study utilized an explanatory and descriptive survey. The study was conducted in 2013 and involved 416 patients in five hospitals in Finland. The Adherence of Patients with Chronic Disease instrument and the Social Support for People with CHD instrument were used. The model was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM).ResultsSEM confirmed direct associations between motivation (β = 0.49, p < 0.001) and results of care (β = 0.29, p < 0.01), and indirect associations between sense of normality, fear of complications, support from nurses and next of kin, and informational support to adherence to a healthy lifestyle and medication. Informational support included information and advice on CHD risk factors, physical exercise, chest pain, medication, continuum of care, and rehabilitation. Indirect standardized path coefficients varied between 0.14 and 0.45. The model explained 45% of adherence to a healthy lifestyle and medication.ConclusionThe results of this study showed that informational support is a justified extension to the original Theory of Adherence to Treatment in Patients with CHD. Informational support seems to offer a new perspective that can be used to develop patient‐centered nursing interventions and thus support adherence to treatment by patients with a lifelong disease such as CHD.

Alexithymia is associated with insomnia in Chinese patients with schizophrenia.

Sleep disorders are prevalent among patients with schizophrenia and are associated with several negative consequences. Although, researchers have recently suggested that sleep disorders have a close correlation with alexithymia, and schizophrenia also has a strong correlation with alexithymia, there have been few studies on the relationships between schizophrenia, sleep disorders and alexithymia. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationships between psychiatric symptoms, alexithymia and sleep problems in patients with schizophrenia so as to provide a reference for the clinical treatment of this comorbidity. In total, 977 patients with schizophrenia were recruited for this study. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was used to assess sleep disorders, and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) were used to evaluate clinical symptoms, cognitive functions and the ability to express emotion, respectively. The results indicated that the PANSS subscales (G-subscore) and TAS group were risk factors for insomnia in schizophrenia patients (all p < 0.05). The mediation model showed the standardized path coefficients from schizophrenia to alexithymia (β = 0.104, p < 0.001) and from alexithymia to insomnia (β = 0.038, p < 0.001) were statistically significant. The results of this study indicated that alexithymia is associated with sleep disturbance in patients with schizophrenia. These findings may provide a new avenue for the treatment of schizophrenia patients with sleep disorders.

THE INFLUENCING FACTORS OF BEHAVIOR INTENTION OF APPLYING EXPERIENTIAL TEACHING METHOD TO PROMOTE LABOR EDUCATION OF VOCATIONAL COLLEGES IN GUANGZHOU, CHINA

&#x0D; &#x0D; Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the main factors that influence the intention and use of experiential teaching methods in the curriculum of labor education in Guangzhou Vocational Colleges.&#x0D; Research design, data and methodology: Questionnaires and quantitative analysis were used to collect sample data. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were tested before it was issued. The data were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) to verify the goodness of fit of the model, to confirm the causality and influence degree among variables, and to test hypotheses. &#x0D; Results: The study has found that behavioral intention has the greatest influence on the use behavior and use behavior has significantly impacted Students' Performance. The standardized path coefficient of behavioral intention and use behavior was 0.505 and T-value was 7.657. The standardized path coefficient of use behavior and students’ Performance was 0.476 and t-value at 7.464. Convenience and behavior intention are the two important factors to decide whether to use experiential teaching in the curriculum of labor education. &#x0D; Conclusions: The promotion condition (0.293) and the behavioral intention (0.563) are two factors that directly affect the use behavior. Usability perception (0.064), usefulness perception (0.156) , attitude perception (0.112) and social influence perception (0.085) had indirect effects on use behavior. Use behavior (0.471) is a factor that directly affects students' academic performance. Usability perception (0.030) , usefulness perception (0.073), attitude perception (0.053) and social influence perception (0.040) , promoting condition perception (0.138) and behavior intention perception (0.265) are six factors that indirectly affect students' academic performance.

Leisure-time management and subjective well-being among older adults: A three-wave longitudinal survey

AimAs older adults have longer leisure time and the types and influences of leisure activities they participate in are diverse, appropriate management of their leisure time would be important to optimize their subjective well-being. Although greater use of time management in educational and occupational settings is associated with better job performance, academic achievement, and the well-being of workers and students, few studies have investigated time management in leisure settings. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal association between leisure-time management and subjective well-being among older adults. MethodsData on 879 individuals in Nada Ward, Kobe, Japan were obtained from a three-wave questionnaire-based longitudinal survey (Wave 1: December 2017 to January 2018; Wave 2: after one year; Wave 3: after three years). In each survey, leisure-time management (newly developed in this study) and subjective well-being (simplified Japanese version of the World Health Organization Five Well-Being Index) were measured. This study used a cross-lagged model to analyze the longitudinal association between leisure-time management and subjective well-being after considering their inverse association. ResultsThe cross-lagged model indicated that that the standardized path coefficients from leisure-time management in Wave 1 to subjective well-being in Wave 2 (0.13, p<0.001) and from leisure-time management in Wave 2 to subjective well-being in Wave 3 (0.06, p=0.042) were positive and significant. ConclusionsThis study found that leisure-time management is a determinant of subjective well-being among older adults. This finding indicates that the management of leisure time elevates one's subjective well-being among them.

The Characteristics of Rainfall-Runoff Generation and Its Influencing Factors in a Desert Steppe, China

Understanding the effect of land surface characteristics on rainfall-runoff generation is crucial in mastering the mechanisms of soil and water conservation. To characterize rainfall-runoff generation in desert steppes and to quantify the contribution of different influencing factors, a field-simulated experiment with three land degradation levels and three rainfall intensities (RIs) was conducted in the Inner Mongolia Desert Steppe. The results revealed that rainfall-runoff generation in different degraded plots at various RIs differed significantly. The runoff was generated faster and accumulated larger volumes under high RIs and heavy degradation levels (HDs) in comparison with generation under moderate/light degradation levels (MDs/LDs) and moderate/low RIs. The accumulated runoff over 40 min under a high RI on the HD plot is 153.37 L, which is much larger (0.77 L) than that under a low RI on the LD plot. The result from the structural equation model (SEM) indicated that RI is the most important factor directly driving rainfall-runoff generation, and its standardized path coefficient reached a value of 0.52. The vegetation condition is the second direct factor, with a standardized path coefficient of −0.51. However, the soil water content (SWC) has an indirect impact on rainfall-runoff generation through affecting vegetation conditions. So, interactions also exist between variables such as vegetation and soil. Therefore, the rainfall-runoff generation in the desert steppe may be mitigated through an enhancement of the vegetation and soil properties or through optimizing the interaction relationship between soil and vegetation.

Construction and validation of a competency model for hospital operation assistant of public hospitals in China: a cross‑sectional study

BackgroundHospital operation assistant (HOA) plays an important role in promoting the operation effectiveness and efficiency of hospital. China, as a resource-poor country, urgently needs to train HOA talent. The purpose of this study is to construct and validate a competency model for HOA, which can be used as a tool to select and train HOAs.MethodsBasic competency items were first constructed through literature review combined with the job analysis of HOA. Then, a questionnaire survey conducted on more than 300 hospital operation management-related staff was used to assess the importance of competency items. Exploratory factor analysis, structural equation model and second-order confirmatory factor analysis were used to construct and validate the competency model of HOA.ResultsA total of 23 items were identified as critical to HOA capability, which were further divided into three factors: professional skills, professional knowledge and personality traits. The structural equation model showed that the standardized path coefficients of the three factors were 0.86, 0.82 and 0.98. The competency model passed strict fitting effect tests in several aspects, including root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.077 (< 0.080), standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = 0.062 (< 0.080), comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.927 (> 0.900) and Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = 0.918 (> 0.900), which showed that the fitting validity of the model was ideal. The composite reliability (CR), average variance extracted (AVE) and correlation coefficients of all factors were within the standard range, which showed that the construction validity and discrimination validity of the model were ideal.ConclusionOur study indicates that the competency model of HOA is an instrument with appropriate fit validity, construct validity and discriminant validity, which can provide criteria for selecting and training HOAs.

Construction of Evaluation Index System of Harmonious Labor Relations in Chinese Enterprises: An Empirical Analysis Based on Structural Equation Model

Since entering the period of economic and social transformation, China’s labor relations conflicts have entered a period of prominence and prevalence, which has brought great challenges to ensure the sustainable development of enterprises and build a harmonious society. Constructing a scientific and reasonable evaluation index system of harmonious labor relations in enterprises to measure the harmonious degree of labor relations is of great significance for improving the management level of labor relations in enterprises, promoting sustainable development of enterprises, and building a socialist harmonious society. Based on the relevant research results of labor relations and from the perspective of employees, this paper took the ERG theory (E stands for existence needs, R stands for relatedness needs, G stands for growth needs) as the basic framework of the evaluation index system, combined with the literature research method and expert consultation method to initially design evaluation index system, used SPSS 26.0 software and principal component analysis to further determine the evaluation index system structure. Based on the structural equation model, this paper used AMOS 23.0 software to carry out first-order and second-order confirmatory factor analysis for the evaluation index system and assigned objective weights to the evaluation indicators according to standardized factor analysis path coefficients. The index system, via structure confirmation and index empowerment, is used to evaluate the harmonious degree of labor relations between the two enterprises, N and Z. It is found that the evaluation index system of enterprise harmonious labor relations constructed in this paper conforms to the theoretical hypothesis model; The index system includes salary and benefits, working conditions, communication management, interpersonal relationship, individual participation and personal development six dimension-level indexes and 18 index-level indexes; The overall labor relations of companies N and Z are relatively harmonious, but the relative satisfaction of individual development indicators at the dimension level is low, and there is still room for improvement. The research results of this paper not only enrich and improve the theoretical system of labor relations to a certain extent but also provide a new perspective for the integration of enterprise harmonious labor relations and ERG theory and provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for enterprises to establish harmonious labor relations and promote sustainable development of enterprises.

Research on the Influencing Factors of the E-commerce Adoption Behavior of New Agricultural Business Entities under the TAM Model

&lt;p&gt;Based on the theoretical model of technology acceptance, this paper uses 372 questionnaire data to explore the influencing factors of the e-commerce adoption behavior of new agricultural business entities. The results show that: (1) Among the factors affecting the e-commerce adoption behavior of new agricultural business entities, perceived usefulness has the strongest impact, followed by perceived ease of use, and its standardized impact path coefficients are 0.81 and 0.20, respectively; (2) Perceived ease of use Usability not only positively affects the e-commerce adoption attitude of new agricultural business entities, but also positively affects the perceived usefulness of new agricultural business entities; (3) The e-commerce adoption attitude of new agricultural business entities positively affects their adoption behavior. Therefore, this paper puts forward relevant suggestions to improve the willingness of new agricultural business entities to adopt e-commerce, and then guide the sustainable development of e-commerce platforms.&lt;/p&gt;

Promotion effects of salt-alkali on ammonia volatilization in a coastal soil

Coastal ecosystems are highly susceptible to salt-related problems due to their formation process and geographical location. As such ecosystems are the most accessible land resources on Earth, clarifying and quantifying the effects of salt-alkali conditions on N concentration and ammonia (NH3) volatilization are pivotal for promoting coastal agricultural productivity. The challenge in establishing this effect is to determine how salt-alkali conditions impact NH3 volatilization through direct or indirect interactions. An incubation experiment using a coastal soil from a paddy farmland, combined with the structural equation modeling (SEM) method, was conducted to reveal the net effects of salt-alkali on NH3 volatilization and the role of environmental and microbial factors in mutual interaction networks. The specific experimental design consisted of four salt treatments (S1, S2, S3, and S4: 1‰, 3‰, 8‰, and 15‰ NaCl by mass of soil, respectively), four alkaline treatments (A1, A2, A3, and A4: 0.5‰, 1‰, 3‰, and 8‰ NaHCO3 by mass of soil, respectively) and a control without NaCl or NaHCO3 addition (CK), and each treatment had three urea concentrations (N1, N2, and N3: 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 g N kg-1 soil, respectively) and three replicates. At the N1, N2, and N3 levels, NH3 volatilization increased by 9.31%–34.98%, 3.07%–26.92%, and 2.99%–43.61% as the NaCl concentration increased from 1‰ to 15‰, respectively, compared with CK. With an increase in the NaHCO3 concentration from 0.5‰ to 8‰, NH3 volatilization increased by 8.36%–56.46%, 5.49%–30.10%, and 30.72%–73.18% at the N1, N2, and N3 levels, respectively, compared with CK. According to the SEM method, salinity and alkalinity had positive direct effects on NH3 volatilization, with standardized path coefficients of 0.40 and 0.19, respectively. Considering the total effects (net positive and negative effects) in the SEM results, alkalinity had a greater influence than salinity (total standardized coefficient 0.104 > 0.086). Nitrogen concentrations in the incubation system showed a direct positive effect on NH3 volatilization (standardized path coefficient = 0.78), with an obvious decrease under elevated salinity and alkalinity levels. Additionally, gene abundances of nitrogen-transforming microbes indirectly increased NH3 volatilization (total indirect standardized coefficient = 0.31). Our results indicated that potential NH3 emissions from coastal saline areas could be enhanced more by soil alkalization than by salinization.

Mechanistic insights into the response of electroactive biofilms to Cd2+ shock: bacterial viability and electron transfer behavior at the cellular and community levels

Electroactive biofilms (EABs) play a crucial role in environmental bioremediation due to their excellent extracellular electron transfer (EET) capabilities. However, Cd2+ can have toxic effects on the electrochemical performance of EABs, and the comprehensive inhibition mechanism of EABs in response to Cd2+ shock remains elusive. This study indicated that Cd2+ shock significantly reduced biomass and increased oxidative stress in EABs at the cellular level. The bacterial viability of EABs in phase III under 0.5 mM Cd2+ shock (EABCd2+-III0.5) decreased by 16.31% compared to EABCK-III. Moreover, intracellular NADH, c-Cyts, and the abundance of electroactive species were essential indicators to evaluate EET behavior of EABs. In EABCd2+-III0.5, these indicators decreased by 26.32%, 33.40%, and 20.65%, respectively. Structural equation modeling analysis established quantitative correlations between core components and electrochemical activity at cellular and community levels. The correlation analysis revealed that the growth and electron transfer functions of EABs were predictive indicators for their electrochemical performance, with standardized path coefficients of 0.407 and 0.358, respectively. These findings enhance our understanding of EABs’ response to Cd2+ shock and provide insights for improving their performance in heavy metal wastewater.

The UTAUT Model in the Adoption of E-Learning Technology

To provide strategies for developing and optimising e-learning technology, this paper conducts research on the e-banking platform based on e-learning technology. Firstly, this paper points out the technical content of the electronic banking platform. Secondly, based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, empirical analysis is conducted on the influencing factors of user willingness to use electronic banking platforms, including the introduction, construction, hypothesis formulation, selection of indicator variables, and questionnaire design. Finally, the results of empirical analysis are explored. The result shows that: (1) The Cronbach's α values of the sub-scales of the questionnaire designed are all greater than 0.7, and the load of different factors in each dimension of the scale is more significant than 0.5. (2) Perceived risk has the highest average among all influencing factors, with a value of 4.13. (3) AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structure) 21.0 was calculated using a standardized path coefficient similar to the model.

Cross-Lagged Associations Between Physical Activity, Self-Rated Health, and Psychological Resilience Among Older American Adults: A 3-Wave Study.

The current study examined the reciprocal association between psychological resilience, physical activity, and self-rated health in older America adults. A 3-wave cross-lagged panel design was employed using data sampled from the Health and Retirement Study 2010, 2014, and 2018. In total, 8380 older adults, age ranged between 56 and 95years at the baseline (mean age = 68.06, SD = 7.77), were analyzed. Using structural equation modeling, standardized path coefficients were estimated to determine the relationship between physical activity, self-rated health, and psychological resilience across 2 follow-up points. Cross-lagged analysis revealed that higher levels of physical activity at T1 and T2 were significantly associated with higher levels of self-rated health at T2 and T3, respectively. Self-rated health at T1 and T2 were significantly associated with physical activity at T2 and T3, respectively. Self-rated health and psychological resilience were positively related to one another at each time point. However, relationship between physical activity and psychological resilience was complex across time. Study findings support reciprocal prospective relationship between physical activity and self-rated health and the relationship between self-rated health and psychological resilience.

From liquid to solid: A novel approach for utilizing sulfate reduction effluent through phase transition — Effluent-induced nanoscale zerovalent iron sulfidation

This study investigated the use of sulfate reduction effluent (SR-effluent) to induce sulfidation on nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI). SR-effluent–modified nZVI achieved a 100% improvement in Cr(VI) removal from simulated groundwater, a result comparable to cases where other, more typical sulfur precursors (Na2S2O4, Na2S2O3, Na2S, K2S6, and S0) were used. Through a structural equation model analysis, amendment of nanoparticles’ agglomeration (standardized path coefficient (std. path coeff.) = −0.449, p < 0.05) and hydrophobicity (std. path coeff. = 0.100, p < 0.05) and direct reaction between iron-sulfur compounds and Cr(VI) (std. path coeff. ranged from −0.195 to 0.322, p < 0.05) were primarily contributing to sulfidation-induced Cr(VI) removal enhancement. Regarding the property improvement of nZVI, the SR-effluent’s corrosion radius played a crucial role in tuning the content and distribution of the iron-sulfur compounds based on the core–shell structure of the nZVI and the redox processes at the aqueous-solid interface.

Construction Safety Risks of Metro Tunnels Constructed by the Mining Method in Wuhan City, China: A Structural Equation Model-Fuzzy Cognitive Map Hybrid Method

A hybrid method based on the structural equation model (SEM) and a fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) was developed to study the influences of the construction safety risks (CSR) of metro tunnels constructed by the mining method on the project risk (PR). An SEM was used to identify and verify the correlations between the CSR and PR. An FCM was developed adopting the verified standardized causality and path coefficient in the SEM. On this basis, predictive reasoning and diagnostic reasoning were performed in the framework of an FCM to simulate the CSR and PR. The feasibility of the developed method was validated based on the construction project of a metro tunnel in Wuhan City, China. The results show that (1) the cause concept node C2 (tunnel excavation) shows the strongest positive correlation with the target concept node CT (PR). According to their risks, the construction stages are ranked in descending order as C2 (tunnel excavation), C1 (advanced support), C6 (auxiliary measures), C4 (structure waterproofing), C3 (primary support), and C5 (secondary lining). (2) The target concept node CT is most sensitive to changes in the cause concept nodes C2 and C1. (3) Close attention should be paid to key risks, such as X9 (over-excavation and under-excavation) and X8 (unreasonable determination of excavation footage and sequence) in stage C2. Originality and significance: (1) A hybrid method that can simulate the dynamic interaction between the CSR and PR is proposed. (2) A new perspective for the dynamic evaluation of a PR is provided. (3) The method can be used as a decision-making tool for controlling the PR.

Influence of foliar traits, watershed physiography, and nutrient subsidies on stream water quality in the upper midwestern United States

The relationship between nutrient cycling and water quality in mixed-use ecosystems is driven by interactions among biotic and abiotic processes. However, the underlying processes cannot always be directly observed or modeled at broad spatial scales. Numerous empirical studies have employed land use patterns, variations in watershed physiography or disturbance regimes to characterize nutrient export from mixed-use watersheds, but simultaneously disentangling the effects of such factors remains challenging and few models directly incorporate vegetation biochemistry. Here we use structural equation models (SEMs) to assess the relative influence of foliar chemical traits (derived from imaging spectroscopy), watershed physiography, and human land use on the water quality (summer baseflow nitrate-N and soluble reactive phosphorus concentration) in watersheds across the Upper Midwestern United States. We use an SEM to link water quality (stream nitrate-nitrogen and dissolved phosphorus) to foliar retention (AVIRIS-Classic derived foliar traits related to recalcitrance), watershed retention (wetland proportion, MODIS Tasseled Cap Wetness), runoff (agricultural and urban land use), and watershed leakiness (AVIRIS-Classic foliar nitrogen, nitrogen deposition). The SEMs confirmed that variables associated with foliar retention derived from imaging spectroscopy are negatively related to watershed leakiness (standardized path coefficient = −0.892) and positively to watershed retention (standardized path coefficient = 0.705), with features related to watershed retention and runoff exerting the strongest controls on water quality (standardized path coefficients of −0.270 and 0.331 respectively). Comparing forested and agricultural watersheds, we found significantly increased importance of foliar retention to watershed leakiness in forests compared to agriculture (standardized coefficients of −1.004 and −0.764 respectively), with measures of watershed retention more important to runoff and water quality in agricultural watersheds. The results illustrate the capacity of imaging spectroscopy to provide measures of foliar traits that influence nutrient cycling in watersheds. Ultimately, the results may help focus development and restoration policies towards building more resilient landscapes that take into consideration associations among functional traits of vegetation, physiography and climate.

Sustainability Analysis of Enterprise Performance Management Driven by Big Data and Internet of Things

Today’s society has entered the information technology era as early as possible. The Internet of Things (IoT) technology and big data (BD) technology are the products of this era and are also important features of the new era. Today, when various fields enter the era of great integration, the Internet of Things and BD analysis technology are of great significance to the development of traditional enterprises, and also herald the arrival of the era of intelligence. Performance management plays an important role in modern enterprise management, especially in small and medium-sized enterprises. Through the implementation of performance management, it can effectively promote the development of enterprises and enhance their vitality. Based on this, this paper discusses the application of the Internet of Things and its BD analysis technology in the enterprise performance management system (PMS) and the sustainability of this application. At the same time, this paper conducts relevant empirical analysis, and the results show that the standardized path coefficient value (FP) of BD capability to financial performance is 0.421. The p value of the significance test was 0.008, which was less than 0.05, indicating that BD capability has a significant impact on the FP of enterprises. The standardized path coefficient value of the IoT on FP was 0.387, the significance test p value was 0.007, and the p value was less than 0.05, indicating that the IoT has a significant impact on the FP of enterprises.

특급호텔 고객의 미식관광동기, 미식경험, 충성도 간의 구조모델 분석

This study conducted an empirical study on the relationship between gastronomic tourism motivation, gastronomic experience, and loyalty of gourmet tourists using five-star hotel restaurants. As a result of the empirical study, it was analyzed that the consideration and sensory effect of gastronomic tourism motivation factors had a statistically significant effect on gastronomic experience, and gastronomic experience factors had a statistically significant effect on loyalty. However, it was analyzed that the health consideration and sensory effects constituting the gastronomic tourism motivation factor had a positive (+) effect on loyalty, but the standardized path coefficient value was very insignificant and statistically insignificant. Referring to the empirical analysis results between gastronomic tourism motivation, gastronomic experience, and loyalty, these findings suggest that five-star hotel restaurants are worth academic research as tourist destinations along with previous studies focusing on existing tourist destinations. In addition, a five-star hotel restaurant is considered to be worth researching in a niche market as a research subject for gourmet tourism or food tourism. As a practical implication, first, it is necessary to develop a 「to go」 product as a way to induce customers' motivation for gastronomic tourism in five-star hotel restaurants. Second, in order for the sensuous influence of five-star restaurant tourists through gourmet experiences to be made into gastronomic experiences, five-star hotel restaurant officials should make continuous efforts to improve the overall quality of gastronomic and induce customers to accept higher gastronomic prices.

Gender differences in smallholder farmers’ adoption of crop diversification: Evidence from Shaanxi Plain, China

Crop diversification can restore land fertility and increase smallholder farmers’ resistance to climate change and market fluctuations, particularly for female farmers who are more vulnerable to the impact of these risks. To understand planting situation, motivation and influencing factors of crop diversification of smallholder farmers based on gender differences, we conducted a detailed survey of 262 smallholder farmers (118 female and 144 male) in the Shaanxi Plain of China. On average, male-headed households planted 2.27 species on 0.47 ha of land, whereas female-headed households planted 1.57 species on 0.37 ha of land. The main factors motivating smallholder farmers to diversify their crops are increased income and reduced economic loss of market fluctuation; the main obstacle is farmer reliance on traditional planting methods. We found significant gender differences following the expanded theory of planned behavior model. Attitude (standardized path coefficient (SPC) = 0.32), subjective norms (SPC = 0.26), perceived behavior control (SPC = 0.32) and environmental knowledge (SPC = 0.27) significantly impact male-headed households’ willingness of crop diversification. In contrast, female-headed households are most significantly influenced by perceived behavior control (SPC = 0.42), followed by attitude (SPC = 0.34) and subjective norms (SPC = 0.21), whereas environmental knowledge has no significant effect on their willingness to diversify their crops. Female-headed households are sensitive to climate change, but their low education, less access to agricultural extension and weak family decision-making power contribute to their unwillingness and inability to reduce risks by adopting crop diversification. Agricultural credit, crop diversification training, and efficient agricultural extension services are recommended for increasing farmer’s adoption of crop diversification and risk alleviation.

JOB CRAFTING AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF PERSON-JOB FIT IN THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE SECTOR

Purpose – Job crafting plays an essential role in job design since it is a new approach from the employee’s perspective to the manager. However, little research has investigated the hotel industry’s job crafting, particularly in the food and beverage department. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between job crafting and organizational commitment through the mediating role of person-job fit in the food and beverage department in five-star hotels. Design/methodology/approach – This study presents a conceptual framework with eight constructs. In this study, a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from full-time food and beverage employees in a five-star hotel. The proposed model was examined using confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, validity analysis, standardized path coefficients, and the Sobel test for mediation analysis. Findings – According to the findings of this study, job crafting factors impact the person-job fit of food and beverage employees. The results also demonstrate that job crafting, and organizational commitment are mediated by person-job fit. The originality of the research – This paper adds a new chain to job design practices in the hospitality industry (i.e., job crafting leads to person-job fit, which enhances employees’ organizational commitment). Practical implications – Employee job crafting impacts the hotel by improving the fit of employees to their jobs, which leads to higher organizational commitment. As a result, hotel job designers should update their job design methodologies to include job crafting practices for hospitality employees.

Application of structural equation modeling to determine factors influencing cognitive impairment, depression, and fatigue among stroke survivors

This study explored the causal relationships between independent factors (individual factors, stroke characteristics) and post-stroke mental health issues through physiological and behavioral mediating factors. The study design is cross-sectional with a total of 162 stroke survivors treated at Vietnam's National Geriatric Hospital between June and December, 2021. We performed structural equation modeling analysis to calculate the standardization coefficient and correlation coefficient for our hypothesis. The structural model and standardized path coefficients had a goodness-of-fit indexes of Root-MeanSquare Error of Approximation (RMSEA) of 0.089, a comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.997, a Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) of 0.954, and a standardized root mean-square residual (SRMR) of 0.019. Sleep disorder was positively associated with increasing post-stroke depression (Coef: 4.723; p&lt;0.001) and fatigue status (Coef: 3.846; p&lt;0.001). By contrast, alcohol use disorder was found as a factor that decreased fatigue status (Coef:-4.460; p = 0.005). Furthermore, post-stroke disability severity was significantly related to cognitive impairment (Coef: -3.229; p&lt;0.001), depression (Coef: 1.559; p&lt;0.001), and fatigue (Coef: 1.701; p = 0.002). The severity of post-stroke disability was associated with increasing cognition and mental health problems. Alcohol consumption and sleeplessness were found to be mediating effects between gender and age of stroke patients with changes in post-stroke depression and fatigue.