Standard Operating Procedures Research Articles

Standard operating procedures for utilizing household combustible waste as an alternative fuel for the cement industry

Standard operating procedures for utilizing household combustible waste as an alternative fuel for the cement industry

Smartphone Device Monitoring System Using Google Family Link (D’Paragon Housekeeping and Cleaning Service Case Study)

D'Paragon Kost is an exclusive boarding house based in Yogyakarta and has approximately 38 branches. Spread throughout Indonesia and in each branch there are employees who serve as Housekeeping and Cleaning Services. At each Housekeeping and Cleaning Service, facilities are provided in the form of a Smartphone device which is useful for reporting scheduled activities. Using a smartphone that is not intended can cause problems with the smartphone. After the IT team investigated the branch location, there were applications that were outside the company's operational standards. So precautions are taken so that smartphone facilities cannot be used to access applications outside of standard procedures. There are several types of applications that can control smartphone devices. One of these applications is Google Family Link. The aim is to remotely control the Housekeeping and Cleaning Service smartphone and limit the performance of the smartphone itself. As a data collection sample, the author used 5 (five) days of data from 4 (four) Housekeeping and 1 (one) Cleaning Service with different assignment locations and jobs. The data used is daily application usage data in minutes and standard application data from D'Paragon Kost. From the analysis of application usage behavior in each branch, the number of working hours does not affect the lack of access to certain applications. If this behavior is outside the company's Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), it can reduce employee performance. This is shown by the existence of the Cleaning Service branch which has been using the YouTube application for longer than other branches. So monitoring each branch in the use of smartphones with Google Family is very effective in knowing employee behavior at work. The company can also provide recommendations regarding the use and access of smartphones according to their intended use.

The Effect of Giving Soursop Leaf Decoction to Hypertension Patients at the Elderly Social Home

Hypertension is a condition where a person experiences an abnormal increase in blood pressure in systole and diastole. There are many ways to lower blood pressure, one of which is with soursop leaf decoction water. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of soursop leaf decoction water on lowering blood pressure in patients with hypertension at Harapan Harapan Kita nursing home, Palembang city. This study used a one group pre-test post-test pre-experimental design. The sample in this study were 33 people with hypertension in our hope nursing home Palembang city. With purposive sampling technique. This study was conducted for 8 weeks with 2 times the administration of Soursop leaf decoction water. The data analysis used is the Paired Sample T test. The instruments in this study used SOP (standard operating procedures) observation sheets for measuring blood pressure Sphygmomanometer, and stethoscope. The results of this study indicate that the administration of soursop leaf decoction water has an effect on systole blood pressure values with a P-Value = 0.000 and diastole blood pressure values P-Value = 0.001 so it can be concluded that there is an effect of soursop leaf decoction water on lowering blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension. The results of this study indicate that soursop leaf cooking water can reduce blood pressure in people with hypertension. Because of the content of antioxidants, potassium ions, which can lower blood pressure in soursop leaves.

Development of operational standards procedures for maintenance and maintenance of public railway infrastructure infrastructure and electrical mechanical and architectural components in Wbs-based station buildings to improve maintenance and maintenance performance

A railway station is a place of departure and stoppage for trains. Poor, inappropriate maintenance and upkeep of infrastructure without strict supervision can result in physical damage to the infrastructure itself, thus losing its initial value and reducing the service life of the infrastructure. If the maintenance and upkeep of infrastructure in the transportation sector is not done properly, it can cause delays or, in the worst case, accidents. To ensure a high level of reliability and availability, the implementation of an effective maintenance program is very important. This is then clarified if poor maintenance and upkeep practices, such as in the transportation sector, can also affect the reliability of the transportation system and even cause life-threatening accidents. Damage or accidents that occur can also lower the company's image and customer or consumer trust. This research aims to develop Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for maintenance and upkeep work on station buildings, architectural components, and mechanical electrical. The method used is based on a Literature Study, survey, and case study. The result of this research is the development of SOP maintenance and upkeep work on architectural components and mechanical electrical to improve maintenance performance.

Riding the Wave: The Growing Preference for Public Transit System among Customers

Riding the Wave: The Growing Preference for Public Transit System among Customers

Evaluation Of The Implementation Of Elementary Teacher Certification Policies Through Teacher Professional Education Programs In Gorontalo City

This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the implementation of the elementary school teacher certification policy through the teacher professional education program in Gorontalo City from four different aspects. The evaluation shows that in terms of context, the implementation of this policy is considered very good with an achievement of 92%, which is in accordance with the Standard Operating Procedures as the organizer of PPG activities. In addition, in terms of input, the evaluation showed excellent results with a percentage of 97%, supported by the availability of adequate Human Resources and the qualifications of instructors in accordance with government requirements. In terms of process, the study found excellent performance with an achievement of 95%, showing that PPG activities were carried out in accordance with the SOP set by the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education. On the product side, the evaluation showed excellent results with a percentage of 93%, emphasizing that a well-organized process in implementing the PPG program contributed to the quality of the final product produced. Overall, these findings confirm that the teacher certification policy through the teacher professional education program in Gorontalo City has been successfully implemented from all aspects evaluated, providing an important view for the development of future education policies and the importance of compliance with operational standards to achieve optimal results in teacher professional education.

Implementation of An Integrated Referral System (SISRUTE) At Bumi Panua Pohuwato Hospital

advanced level but the monitoring and evaluation system of these services is the data needed in planning future health development. This research aims to look at the implementation of an integrated referral system at Bumi Panua Regional Hospital. This research uses a qualitative descriptive design. The sample in this study was the service sector at Bumi Panua Regional Hospital, the Head of the Sisrute Team as the person in charge as the Key Informant and the Ordinary Informant, the doctor in charge, the Head of the medical services sector and members of the Sisrute team. The research results show that the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) are running well, but several obstacles cause the SOP to go off the predetermined path. The referral process via SISRUTE is not yet supported by a clear and detailed SOP and flow. The application of SISRUTE has been running according to the flow set by the Ministry of Health, but there is a lack of human resources for SISRUTE operators or users at the Puskesmas, unfamiliarity with SISRUTE, accumulation of patients in the ER and errors in entering codes. In-application references cause SISRUTE flows to overlap. Conclusion: The SISRUTE application often experiences problems, routine maintenance that was suddenly carried out by the center without prior notification, server downtime, and hardware that had not been updated, which hampered referral services on the SISRUTE application and required offline or manual referrals.

Empowering public health: building advanced molecular surveillance in resource-limited settings through collaboration and capacity-building.

The rapid detection and continuous surveillance of infectious diseases are important components of an effective public health response. However, establishing advanced molecular surveillance systems, crucial for monitoring and mitigating pandemics, poses significant challenges in resource-limited developing countries. In a collaborative effort, research institutions from Benin joined forces with Mali's National Institute of Public Health to implement a state-of-the-art molecular surveillance system in Mali. This approach was characterized by collaboration, multidisciplinarity, and tutoring. Key activities included a comprehensive assessment of infrastructure and human resources through document reviews, interviews, and laboratory visits; the development and validation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for advanced molecular surveillance following an inclusive approach; capacity-building initiatives for 25 biologists in Mali on sequencing techniques; and international tutoring sessions for eight Malian professionals held in Benin. These collective efforts enabled Mali to establish an advanced molecular surveillance system aligned with the WHO's global strategy for genomic surveillance. This manuscript aims to share experiences, insights, and outcomes from this initiative, with the hope of contributing to the broader discussion on strengthening global health security through collaborative approaches and capacity-building efforts, particularly in developing countries.

Effect of measurement procedure errors on assessing lung fluid via remote dielectric sensing system

The study assessed the impact of procedural errors on the remote dielectric sensing system (ReDS), a non-invasive lung fluid assessment technology, in an Asian cohort. Healthy volunteers underwent ReDS measurements following manufacturer’s instructions, with two consecutive measurements one minute apart. A subset of 20 participants had modified procedure settings. Reliability was measured using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The study included 86 healthy volunteers, and all ReDS measurements fell within the recommended normal range. The intra-rater reliability of ReDS measurements was excellent, with an ICC of 0.968. Among the subset of 20 subjects, deviations in height and weight did not significantly affect ReDS values. However, deviations in chest size by ± 3 cm had a noticeable impact on ReDS measures, and incorrect station selection led to fluctuations in ReDS readings. In conclusion, the ReDS system demonstrated excellent intra-rater reliability and applicability in an Asian cohort. Procedural errors, such as chest size measurement and station selection, significantly influenced ReDS measurements. Adherence to standardized operating procedures is crucial to ensure accurate and consistent results. These findings highlight the importance of adherence to manufacturer instructions when utilizing ReDS for lung fluid assessment, thereby enhancing its reliability and clinical applicability.

Proposal for Prevention of Occupational Disease Risk Using the Hiradc Method at PT X in the Dyeing Department

People in this era have various needs in carrying out life. The needs that need to be used by the community have multiple kinds of things, such as clothing. Clothes used by the community go through various processes before becoming finished goods. Before becoming ready-to-wear, clothes came from raw materials such as fabric rolls. There are multiple production processes, such as yarn, fabric, chemical dyeing, etc. One of the places where fabrics are produced is textile factories. A textile factory is a company that produces products in the form of fabrics. The manufacture of fabrics that occur in textile factories must involve mixing chemicals so that the fabric has good quality. The process of mixing these chemical substances involves workers, and the chemical substances used are classified as Hazardous and Toxic Materials (B3), so these chemicals can have a bad impact on their workers if there is physical contact with the worker's body. Exposure to chemicals in the worker's body will cause a risk of developing Occupational Diseases (PAK). Therefore, in this study, data will be processed to prevent workers' risk of Occupational Diseases (PAK) using the HIRADC (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Determining Control) method. The proposal given in this study is a proposal for the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for preventive measures against Occupational Diseases (PAK) for workers

Value Chain in the Production of Sacha Inchi Oil (<i>Plukenetia volubilis</i> L.) in Cuba

The seeds of Sacha Inchi (<i>Plukenetia volubilis</i> L.) contain vitamins, tocopherols and fatty acids, and are a natural source of omegas 3, 6 and 9. The crop was introduced in Cuba in 2016, by the Research Center on Proteic Plants and Bionatural Products (CIPB) and has been extended to currently reach 120 ha. Since 2019, a group from CIPB has been working to extract the oil from the seeds, which has proven nutritional values, pharmacological effects and safety, and also on its marketing. The aim was analyze the results of application of manage model as value chain during the two first years to produce Sacha Inchi oil in Cuba. The management model with a value chain approach, as an organizational innovation, favored the development of completely new products and the use of wastes from the main process, which is extracting the oil. In the different links of the chain, known technologies and process and product innovations have been applied. In the productive and commercial activity, the co-innovation with the National Center for Scientific Research (CNIC) stands out, by achieving a productive chain, which guarantees the production of soft oil capsules, which offers greater reliability and attractive appearance compared to other pharmaceutical forms. Reference is made to the experimental evidence that supports the Standard Operating Procedures, to the economic benefits for national sales and exports, to the social impacts and the environmental perspective. All of the above constitutes a scientific novelty for Cuba, since it is the first time that Sacha Inchi is cultivated, industrial oil is obtained from its seeds and it is marketed in the country.

Shall the twain ever meet?

ABSTRACT There is ongoing debate about the function and value of quality management (hereinafter: QM) for the different actors within the forensic science environment. In this commentary we identify adopters and sceptics. Adopters, more likely in management roles, seek comfort in standards and standard operating procedures (SOPs) and sceptics, often in the role of science professionals, seek flexibility and choice in the way they do business without being slaves to standards and SOPs. Is this a case of the twain never meeting? It could be argued that the perceived gap between adopters and sceptics can be narrowed so long as there is flexibility for the sceptics, for example, to put science into forensic science (e.g. critical thinking) in a way that is sufficiently transparent to satisfy the adopters and the prevailing standard(s).

Assistance in Strengthening Village Governance Through the Development of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and Increasing the Capacity of Villages Apparatus: Community Service in Sungai Arang Hamlet, Jambi, Indonesia

Effective village governance is an important foundation for sustainable development at the local level. However, many villages in Indonesia, including Sungai Arang Hamlet in Jambi, still face challenges in terms of governance, which can be seen from weak administrative systems, lack of transparency, and low capacity of village officials. This research uses a participatory community service approach which involves a series of activities, including: (1) Identifying village problems and needs through focus group discussions (FGD) and in-depth interviews; (2) Development of standard operating procedures (SOP) for various aspects of village administration; (3) Training and capacity building for village officials regarding SOP implementation; (4) Assistance and monitoring of SOP implementation; and (5) Evaluation of program impact. The research results show a significant improvement in village governance after program implementation. The developed SOPs have helped improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public services, increase transparency and accountability, and strengthen public participation in decision-making. In addition, the capacity of village officials has also increased, reflected in a better understanding of their duties and responsibilities, as well as a better ability to carry out administrative tasks. In conclusion, this community service program has made a positive contribution in strengthening village governance in Sungai Arang Hamlet. Developing SOPs and increasing the capacity of village officials has proven effective in improving the quality of public services, transparency, and accountability. This research recommends that this community service model can be replicated in other villages that have similar problems.

Protocols versus practice: unravelling clinical checking variations in community pharmacies in England-a multi-method study.

Standardisation, a widely accepted concept for risk management, entails designing and implementing task-specific operating procedures. In community pharmacies, Standardised Operating Procedures (SOPs) are a mandatory requirement and are recognised as essential for upholding safety and quality. This study aimed to investigate community pharmacists' (CPs) compliance with SOPs when checking prescriptions, and the reasons for variations between standardised protocols and practice. Eight sets of SOPs underwent hierarchical task analysis (HTA) to generate a normative description of clinical checking execution as per protocols. Subsequently, twelve CPs were engaged in a simulated clinical checking exercise, verbalising their thoughts while checking virtual prescriptions. Transcribed data underwent content analysis, aligned with a descriptive model to uncover engagement patterns, and disparities between SOPs and CPs' practices. Finally, a focus group discussion took place to contextualise the observed variations. HTA aided in constructing a clinical checking model with six primary subtasks and 28 lower subtasks. CPs often omitted subtasks during checks, diverging from prescribed protocols. These deviations, observed in controlled environment, reveal an ingrained aspect within the professional culture of pharmacists, where there may be a tendency not to strictly adhere to protocols, despite variations in work conditions. Contributing factors to this culture include the exercise of professional judgment, reliance on others, and prioritisation of patient preferences. This study highlights ongoing deviations from SOPs during clinical prescription checks in community pharmacies, suggesting a cultural tendency. Future research should delve into risk management strategies for these deviations and address the delicate balance between flexibility and stringent compliance.

Conversion of an outpatient pharmacy to a mail-order pharmacy within a health system.

In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. The establishment of a new outpatient pharmacy provided a strategic opportunity to repurpose and convert an existing outpatient pharmacy into a closed-door mail-order pharmacy within a health system. This article describes the steps taken to successfully make this change and evaluates the impact. The mail-order pharmacy conversion project was divided into 3 phases: phase 1 (before conversion) from July through August 2022, phase 2 (conversion) from October through November 2022, and phase 3 (after conversion) from December 2022 through February 2023. Phase 1 included standardizing workflows with standard operating procedure (SOP) development, improving automation, determining staffing ratios, gathering baseline staff engagement data, and identifying primary and secondary outcomes of interest. Phase 2 encompassed SOP implementation and training of mail-order team members. Phase 3 involved evaluating available pharmacy floorspace, marketing mail-order services, and the second distribution of the staff engagement survey. The measured outcomes of this project were total prescription volumes, increase in total revenue, and staff engagement. Data collection was completed in phase 3. The existing outpatient pharmacy was successfully converted to a closed-door pharmacy, and the associated prescription volume increased. Developing a strategic action plan to establish SOPs, calculate staffing performance metrics, and identify opportunities for growth and engaging frontline team members were essential to the success of this project.

Can a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) be used to simultaneously convert continuous intravenous to bolus subcutaneous insulin, and continuous PN to cyclic?

Can a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) be used to simultaneously convert continuous intravenous to bolus subcutaneous insulin, and continuous PN to cyclic?

Analysis of reconstitution process, stability, stability of intravenous antibiotics in hospitalised patients in a private hospital

Introduction: reconstitution of sterile preparations is a series of changes in the drug from its original condition to a new product by dissolving or adding other ingredients carried out aseptically by the pharmacy. Aim: determine the suitability of the reconstitution technique, the suitability of stability (solvent type and solvent volume), and the suitability of the sterility of the reconstitution product. Methods: data collection obtained by observation is carried out with the help of a checklist that is adapted to hospital standard operating procedures (SOPs), Inject-able Drug Guide, guidelines for mixing inject-able drugs, and preparations. 48 processes of reconstitution of intravenous antibiotics were carried out in hospitals that could be observed as samples. Results: conformity to the preparation stage were 99%, the mixing stage was 73%, the labelling was 100%, and the labelling was 90%. In evaluating the stability of the solvent type category, the suitability of 100%. In the volume category of the solvent used, 90% were suitable, and 10% were unsuitable for the antibiotic’s cefotaxime 1 gram, vancomycin 1 gram, and sulbactam + ampicillin Na 1 gram. From the sterility test results, the reconstitution of ceftriaxone intravenous antibiotic preparations showed that the bacterial preparations were free of microorganisms (sterile). Conclusion: the personnel performing the reconstitution are nurses trained in intravenous antibiotic recovery. One of the factors that caused the reconstitution process not to be under the hospital's KSB was the lack of training and supervision from the hospital management. SPO recovery is not installed in an intravenous drug mixing room.

Vaccination protocols in Québec dairy herds

Information is needed on vaccination protocols used by veterinarians and dairy producers to prevent and control infections in dairy herds. This observational study described farm's vaccination standard operating procedures (SOP) developed by veterinarians in collaboration with dairy producers in Québec. Data pertaining to vaccination protocols and dairy producer practices were collected as part of the biosecurity component of the National Mandatory Quality Assurance Certification Program (proAction). Generalized statistical mixed-effects models were used to assess associations between dairy herd characteristics and the vaccination SOP, encompassing various vaccination types. These included any vaccination, core vaccines only (bovine respiratory syncytial virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis herpesvirus, parainfluenza virus type 3, bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 and type 2) and vaccination against diarrhea, mastitis, or clostridial diseases. These models accounted for random variations related to clustering by veterinarians and veterinary clinics. Furthermore, the variance of the outcome was partitioned into producer, veterinarian, and veterinary clinic levels to explore the proportion of the total variance attributable to each group. A total of 3,759 standardized vaccination procedures completed between 2018 and 2021 were analyzed. At least one vaccination target was included in the vaccination SOP in 89% of the dairy herds. The most frequently included vaccine in the SOP was core vaccines, comprising 88%, followed by mastitis (22%), neonatal diarrhea (18%), and clostridial diseases (15%). The vaccination SOPs, particularly core, mastitis, and diarrhea vaccinations, mainly varied due to the veterinarian's characteristics, followed by the clinic's characteristics. In contrast, the decision to included clostridial vaccination primarily varied with the veterinary clinic (76%). Organic producers generally included fewer vaccinations in their SOPs, including core vaccines, than conventional producers. In addition, producers who were providing access to pasture had fewer vaccination SOP for vaccination against mastitis and neonatal diarrhea but more vaccination SOP for clostridial vaccination.

European Association of Hospital Pharmacists (EAHP) guidance on the pharmacy handling of in vivo gene therapy medicinal products

Gene therapy is becoming increasingly prevalent, with new gene therapy medicinal products (GTMPs) being approved for use every year. Hospital pharmacists are expected to prepare and dispense these products, but...

Analisis Pengendalian Intern Persediaan Obat-Obatan pada UPT Puskesmas Desa Binjai

The purpose of this research is to find out how to implement the elements of internal control of medicine supplies at the Binjai Village Community Health Center. The research method used was a qualitative method. The data used are primary data and secondary data, with data collection techniques namely observation, data and conclusions. The results of the conclusions show that First, the implementation of internal control of drug supplies at the Binjai Village Health Center is sufficient starting from planning procedures, requests, receipts, storage, control, recording, reporting and archiving as well as monitoring and evaluating drug management are in accordance with applicable Standard Operating Procedures. Second, the Binjai Village Health Center has implemented most of the internal control activities on medicine supplies well, so it can be said that internal control has been carried out effectively. Third, in terms of elements of drug supply control, it is good.