Organizational Stakeholders Research Articles

Elicitation of security threats and vulnerabilities in Insurance chatbots using STRIDE

Although chatbots are used a lot for customer relationship management (CRM), there needs to be more data security and privacy control strategies in chatbots, which has become a security concern for financial services institutions. Chatbots gain access to large amounts of vital company information and clients’ personal information, which makes them a target of security attacks. The loss of data stored in chatbots can cause major harm to companies and customers. In this study, STRIDE (viz. Spoofing, Tampering, Repudiation, Information disclosure, Denial of service, Elevation of privilege) modelling was applied to identify the data security vulnerabilities and threats that pertain to chatbots used in the insurance industry. To do this, we conducted a case study of a South African insurance organisation. The adopted methodology involved data collection from stakeholders in the insurance organisation to identify chatbot use cases and understand chatbot operations. After that, we conducted a STRIDE-based analysis of the chatbot use cases to elicit security threats and vulnerabilities in the insurance chatbots in the organisation. The results reveal that security vulnerabilities associated with Spoofing, Denial of Service, and Elevation of privilege are more relevant to insurance chatbots. The most security threats stem from Tampering, Elevation of privilege, and Spoofing. The study extends the discussion on chatbot security. It fosters an understanding of security threats and vulnerabilities that pertain to insurance chatbots, which is beneficial for security researchers and practitioners working on the security of chatbots and the insurance industry.

Implementing a Population-Based Social Determinants of Health Intervention: Early Lessons Learned from Collaboration between Clinical and Community Organizations

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to understand the barriers and facilitators among diverse health care and community organization stakeholders implementing a populationbased social determinants of health (SDOH) intervention. The SDOH intervention included three core programs: SDOH screening, a community health worker program, and a digital referral platform. After one year of implementation, we conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with clinical and community-based organization stakeholders about (1) the three SDOH programs, (2) organizational implementation strategies, (3) interactions with partner organizations, and (4) perceived target population needs. Findings from the first year of implementation highlighted several factors to consider when designing and implementing SDOH programming, including (1) the successful features of the three SDOH programs, (2) the local implementation strategies and challenges across organizations, (3) the impact of broader community needs and resource availability on implementation, and (4) the importance of intentionally fostering relationships and collaboration among partner organizations.

When Prominence Overrules EminenceSubsidization of the Cultural Sectors in the Netherlands

What processes determine the allocation of state subsidies to a selection of cultural and artistic organizations? In the case of the Dutch cultural basic infrastructure (BIS) two main criteria are issued, namely quality and reputation. In this article, no attempt is made to define measures for artistic quality and reputation. Instead, it is observed by which criteria decision makers, public media, and artistic leaders refer to these concepts. The way in which the selection and granting are performed shows striking similarity with processes described in the literature. First, the theory of social comparison asserts that people in a shared activity compare opinions and abilities in a strife for growth. When technical constraints and limits impede the progress in ability, effort and attention shift to opinions on abilities of the members. In this social dimension, growth is more easily attained. This decoupling results into stagnation and inferior learning processes. Second, in an implicit elaboration of the social comparison theory, a model is proposed in which perceived quality and prominence determine which organization will receive price premiums. Perceived quality is indicated by the quality of the inputs and productivity assets. Prominence origins from media rankings and elicited preferences of intermediary organizations and affiliation with high-status actors. Prominence has more bearing in social processes in the institutional field than on quality indicators. This model provides a base for reputation bias among stakeholders of organizations. The theoretical approaches have been operationalized into an analytical framework. The framework appears to offer a powerful and accurate instrument to describe and explain courses of action and outcomes in Dutch cultural sectors. In discussion, it is questioned if it is wise to base a subsidization policy on social comparison. The strive for prominence in the institutional fields tends to overrule the search for quality and eminence. It is recommended to reconsider social comparison processes by reduction of the arbitrariness in the performance assessment and evaluation. In this respect, promising and high-quality performers are supported in their access to large audiences. It is proposed that the framework can be applied in all situations where resources and performance opportunities are allocated to a selection of executing actors. Choices will be based on a mix of past and future performances. The situations suited for application may vary from philanthropy to hard core and non-profit sectors to private business industries.

Engagement logics: How partners for sustainability‐oriented innovation manage differences between organizational logics

AbstractInnovation partnerships frequently experience tensions due to differences in partners' organizational logics. The literature recommends that partners adopt collaborative, empathetic mindsets but even so, tensions can threaten outcomes and partnership continuation. Difficulties can be exacerbated when firms engage stakeholder organizations in sustainability‐oriented innovation projects, where each partner is seeking their own combination of social, environmental, and economic objectives. This study explores strategic responses to these differences in logics through eight case studies of sustainability‐oriented innovation engagements between a focal business and an external organization. The key finding is that partners can respond to their differing logics by shaping a new “engagement logic” that guides members of both (or all) organizations. A logic frame with four value‐related dimensions—value salience, instrumentality, temporality, and language—allows a subtly idiosyncratic engagement logic to be created that is acceptable to both parties. This classification of ingredients of a logic frame forms a wider contribution to the institutional‐logics literature. A complementary range of logic practices is identified, covering logic emergence, logic enactment, and boundary defining. The engagement logic aids the partnership by contributing to four partnership‐level generative outcomes: partnership commitment, capability integration, scope flexibility, and system orientation. A notable finding is the presence of a logic boundary, specified in work, time, and space, enabling the engagement logic to co‐exist with organizational logics; a research direction is whether this boundary also exists in logics at organizational and field levels. The study shows partnerships to be a new context within which novel logics can emerge, contributing to an understanding of how logics evolve.

Fulfilling moral duty or prioritizing moral image? The moral self-regulatory consequences of ethical voice.

Previous research on the consequences of ethical voice has largely focused on the performance or social relational consequences of ethical voice on multiple organizational stakeholders. The present research provides an important extension to the ethical voice literature by investigating the distinct intrapersonal and interpersonal moral self-regulatory processes that shape ethical voicers' own psychological experiences and their subsequent purposeful efforts to maintain a positive sense of moral self. On one hand, we argue that ethical voice heightens voicers' sense of responsibility over ethical matters at work (i.e., moral ownership), which motivates them to refrain from violating moral norms (i.e., disengaging from unethical behaviors). On the contrary, we argue that ethical voice generates psychological pressure for voicers as they become anxious about preserving their moral social image (i.e., moral reputation maintenance concerns), which motivates them to signal their moral character to others through symbolic acts (i.e., engaging in moral symbolization behaviors). Further, we expect gender differences in the moral consequences of ethical voice. Across two studies that varied in temporal focus (a multisource, time-lagged field study and a within-person weekly experience sampling study), we found support for most of our predictions. The results suggest that while potentially psychologically uplifting (for both men and women), ethical voice also generates psychological pressure for the voicer to preserve their favorable moral social image and thus motivates them (more so in the case of women voicers at the between-person level) to explicitly symbolize their moral character in the workplace. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

University-industry open innovation: main enablers and practices based on a scoping review

Purpose Given their capacity to generate knowledge, universities can be the primary external source of knowledge and innovation for companies. Despite studies on the potential drivers of open innovation, the actors involved in these projects beyond academics and the most effective practices that universities follow for successful university–industry collaborations remain unclear. This study aims to identify the enablers and best practices universities follow to contribute to successful university–industry open innovation results, providing a conceptual framework for the management of such initiatives. Design/methodology/approach Articles from peer-reviewed academic journals identified in the Scopus and Web of Science databases were researched in this scoping review. The review used descriptive and thematic analyses and focused on 93 articles published between 2013 and 2023 that analysed universities’ enablers and practices for knowledge transfer to the industry. Findings Organisational factors, stakeholder attitudes, infrastructure, and external factors facilitate knowledge transfer from universities to companies. The most effective practices for promoting innovation are related to project management, policies and incentives and are relational and educational. Performance results can be evaluated through quantitative and qualitative indicators, measured at the different phases of the innovation process, considering the impacts achieved. Originality/value Previous reviews have focused on barriers, researchers’ motivations or specific enablers. The enablers and practices identified were analysed with a systemic vision, considering the university as a unit of analysis. This study suggests a comprehensive conceptual framework for the successful management of university–industry open innovation.

The Power of Integrated Audits for Ethical and Effective Risk Management

The purpose of this study is to explore the role of integrated audits in promoting ethical conduct and effective risk management within organizations. The research design and methodology involve a qualitative approach based on a systematic literature review. Relevant literature from academic journals, books, and conference proceedings is analyzed to identify key concepts and trends related to integrated audits and ethical risk management. The findings and discussion highlight the multifaceted benefits of integrated audits, including their ability to provide organizations with a holistic understanding of their risk landscape and to embed ethical considerations into decision-making processes. The implications of this research suggest that integrated audits offer organizations a comprehensive approach to navigate uncertainties while upholding ethical standards, with significant implications for organizational resilience and stakeholder trust.

Gender diversity and climate disclosure: a tcfd perspective

AbstractThe paradigm of corporate environmental disclosures aimed at investors developed in 2017 with the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) recommendations. Existing literature on social responsibility disclosures points to gender diversity on the board of directors as an influencing factor. This study aims to assess the influence of gender diversity in climate-related financial disclosures, as recommended by the TCFD based on a sample of 27 companies operating within the sectors of electricity, oil, coal and gas, water, and alternative energy that have announced their adherence to the recommendations from 2017 to 2021. By applying a linear regression model, the results indicate the presence of a positive association between the level of TCFD disclosures and board gender diversity, as well as other factors, such as company size, CEO duality, and general liquidity. However, the influence of board gender diversity on corporate reporting based on the TCFD recommendations suggests that the commitment of boards to the reporting of climate change risks and opportunities is not significantly dependent on gender diversity, as the presence of women in the Boards is favorable for the reporting but without a significant impact on the level of disclosures. This research offers insights into sustainability reporting practices, focusing on a relatively new perspective of reporting climate-related financial topics and their determinants. The findings hold implications for organizational leaders and stakeholders, mainly investors, as these recent sustainable reporting practices are challenging but also bring new opportunities related to transparency towards climate-related issues.

Optimization of National Zakat Management through the Effectiveness of the Role of Stakeholders of Zakat Management Organizations

This research shows that stakeholders are running the Zakat governance system effectively. There is a contradiction in the role between the regulatory and executive functions of the national zakat management institution. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, which compares ideal conditions with actual conditions through secondary data research, interviews, and group discussions. The data processed are in the form of zakat law documents, government regulations, BAZNAS regulations, zakat acquisition calculation index, data from the central statistics agency, minutes of discussion group forums and confirming interviews with sources of amil zakat, samples using the purposive sampling method by finding samples through snowball sampling techniques. The study results show that reforms need to be carried out immediately on the role of zakat governance stakeholders so that national zakat management is more optimal and effective and, in the end, can provide more comprehensive benefits for the community

Twenty years, twenty studies: what can we learn from San Diego’s innovation ecosystem?

ABSTRACT This study conducts a systematic literature review of San Diego’s innovation ecosystem to analyse its evolution, dynamics, the most influential (key) stakeholders, and success factors. 1,405 documents from Scopus and 809 documents from Web of Science (WoS) were retrieved and analysed to obtain a final sample of twenty articles. The ecosystem’s key organisational stakeholders were identified as UC San Diego, research institutes, venture capitalists, pioneer and leading companies and intermediary organisations. Regarding success factors, key political factors include research funding, other public funding and policies that foster, for example, the actors’ geographical proximity. Key economic factors include start-up support systems, company acquisitions and initial public offerings (IPOs). Several vital social factors, such as collaboration, social networks and risk-taking culture, were also identified. Finally, the key technological success factors include technology transfer, specific focus areas and critical mass in research and development. This systematic review, complemented by expert interviews, provides a comprehensive view and validation of the stakeholders and factors that have contributed to the emergence, evolution and dynamics of the innovation ecosystem. The study also exemplifies an originally nonleading city’s path to success, which can provide valuable innovation policy and planning insights for other nonleading regions.

Knowledge systems, behaviours and organizational tasks for hospital effectiveness: mixed effects on quality of care

PurposeThe healthcare sector relies on knowledge management systems to improve knowledge flows and effectively capture, leverage and share knowledge with several organizational stakeholders. However, knowledge as a resource represents a social construct that involves additional managerial complexities and challenges, including undesirable knowledge behaviours. The aim of the current study is to provide insight on how knowledge management systems, knowledge hoarding, knowledge hiding and task conflict shape the quality of care provided by hospitals. We propose and test an original revealing model.Design/methodology/approachWe follow a quantitative approach to address the structural relationship between variables using a combination of factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. The model is tested adopting a structural equation modelling approach and using survey data conducted to 318 healthcare professionals working in Portuguese hospitals.FindingsThe main findings suggest that knowledge hiding is positively related to task conflict in hospitals, and task conflict negatively influences quality of care. Knowledge management systems directly and indirectly (via knowledge hoarding) promote quality of care. Moreover, knowledge management systems also mitigate the negative influence of task conflict over quality of care. We propose a final corollary on the relevant role of HRM as the backstage for the model.Practical implicationsOur research offers a novel insight into an overlap of organizational behaviour and healthcare management research. It provides an original framework on knowledge management systems, counterproductive knowledge behaviours and task conflict in hospital settings.Originality/valueOur research offers a novel insight into an overlap of organizational behaviour and healthcare management research. It provides an original framework on knowledge management systems, counterproductive knowledge behaviours and task conflict in hospital settings.

A Case Study for Experiential Teaching and Learning

This study investigates experiential learning’s role and efficacy at a doctoral-level leadership studies program concentrating on a compulsory externship. Key to this work is the collegiate climate and collaboration of the graduate students and many participating organizations. This study employs hybrid community-based participatory research (incorporating graduate student, organizational stakeholder, and instructor perspectives) to increase knowledge and understanding of doctoral-level experiential learning and integrate that knowledge to benefit pedagogy, leadership development, and organizational-university partnerships. Results indicate that experiential learning builds robust collaboration between institutional and organizational settings. Moreover, the experiential learning experience provides a distinctive approach for graduate students, enabling them to make better work-context decisions and advance science by asking better, more salient research questions. Experiential learning also enriches the course context, encouraging students to marry their technical and academic expertise to make practical, positive changes.

Exploring the impact of Choroideremia on women with phenotypic and/or genotypic evidence of disease: insights from a global survey

ABSTRACT Introduction Choroideremia (CHM) is an X-linked inherited retinal disease mostly affecting males. However, women with phenotypic and/or genotypic evidence of CHM may develop degenerative visual disability with advancing age. Our objective was to determine the visual impacts of phenotypic and/or genotypic evidence of CHM in women and its associated psychosocial burden and influence on activities of daily living (ADLs). Methods We conducted an international cross-sectional survey from April to December 2022 using an e-questionnaire distributed through not-for-profit stakeholder organizations and social media plat-forms. Results With a total of 55 respondents (n = 55), most women with phenotypic and/or genotypic evidence of CHM (76%) reported a change in their visual acuity. When assessing its impact on ADLs, Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed a negative correlation between driving (p = 0.046) and mobility capabil-ities (0.046) with the respondent’s age. More than half of women reported being afraid, anxious, and stressed, with women below the age of 50 years old reporting a significantly higher level of distress and hopelessness (p = 0.003), anxiety (p = 0.00007), issues with relaxing (p = 0.025), and negative personal thoughts (p = 0.042). Conclusion Overall, this survey outlines both physical and psychological burden of being a woman with phenotypic and/or genotypic evidence of CHM. Given the limited clinical research in females affected by CHM, this patient-centered survey is a crucial advocacy tool for these individuals.

Government Policies and Corporate Social Responsibility: Analyzing the Influence on Organizational Practices and Stakeholder Perceptions

This study investigates the influence of government policies on corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices and stakeholder perceptions. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative data from surveys of 350 companies across various industries with qualitative insights from in-depth interviews and case studies. The findings reveal that mandatory regulations significantly drive CSR engagement, while financial incentives encourage voluntary CSR efforts. Stakeholder perceptions are more favorable towards CSR initiatives perceived as authentic and aligned with their values. Additionally, the impact of government policies on CSR varies across different industries and regions, emphasizing the importance of context-specific strategies. The study offers valuable insights for policymakers and business leaders on designing effective regulatory and financial tools to promote genuine and impactful CSR practices.

Impact of Bankruptcy on Firms Performance

Bankruptcy represents a critical event in the lifecycle of a firm, profoundly affecting its operational, financial, and strategic dimensions. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the impact of bankruptcy on firm performance, exploring various facets of its implications on both short-term and long-term operational effectiveness, financial health, and market position. The research adopts a mixed-method approach, integrating quantitative analysis of financial data with qualitative insights from case studies and expert interviews. Firstly, the study examines the immediate consequences of bankruptcy, such as disruptions in operations, loss of market trust, and creditor actions. It investigates how these factors contribute to declines in revenue, profitability, and market share in the short term, often leading to asset liquidation and restructuring efforts. Moreover, the research delves into the long-term repercussions of bankruptcy, including the enduring effects on organizational reputation, employee morale, and stakeholder relationships. It investigates the challenges faced by firms in regaining market credibility, attracting investment, and rebuilding their competitive advantage post-bankruptcy. Furthermore, the study analyses the role of management strategies, such as turnaround initiatives and reorganization efforts, in mitigating the negative impacts and facilitating recovery. Additionally, the research explores the sector-specific dynamics of bankruptcy effects, considering variations in industry regulations, market competition, and technological disruptions. It investigates how factors such as industry concentration, market demand elasticity, and technological obsolescence influence the severity and duration of performance decline following bankruptcy. Overall, the findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of the multifaceted implications of bankruptcy on firm performance, offering insights for managers, policymakers, and investors in navigating the challenges associated with financial distress and facilitating sustainable recovery strategies.

Giving Organization Stakeholders Better Help: A Taxonomy for Making Sense of Workplace Mental Health Offerings

Mental health has grown increasingly important as an aspect of employee well-being, with organizations expected to address these needs through offerings to support employee mental health. Broad societal forces like stigma and low levels of literacy surrounding mental health make it challenging for many people to understand these offerings. As the marketplace for these offerings grows to meet this demand, employees, HR professionals, and business leaders need better resources to understand, organize, and distinguish among their choices. The current research offers a 3-dimensional taxonomy for organizing these offerings, distinguishing them according to their (a). Primary Purpose-To Restore or Enrich; (b). Delivery Agent Location-External or Internal; (c). Latitude in Providing-Legally Required or Voluntary Provided. We provide theoretical approaches for scholars to consider these offerings’ impact in workplaces, and briefly demonstrate the taxonomy’s value in organizing some of the commonly available offerings in many modern workplaces. Finally, we provide two attainable research avenues for researchers to explore to inform organizational stakeholders on the (1). prevalence, costs, outcomes of these offerings in the workforce and (2). helpers and hurdles to employees' using these offerings.

Mutual recognition of qualifications, health workforce migration, and graduate outcomes: a comparative mapping study of undergraduate dental education in Europe

BackgroundThe resource needs of health services are served by the recognition of qualifications across borders which allows professionals to migrate between countries. The movement of dentists across the European Union (EU), especially into the United Kingdom (UK), has provided a valuable boost to workforce supply. Recent changes to policy recognising overseas qualifications have brought attention to the equivalence of qualifications awarded in EU countries. Professional regulators need to be confident that dentists who qualified elsewhere have the appropriate knowledge, skills and experience to practise safely and effectively. The aim of this study was to compare UK and EU dental curricula, identify any differences, and compare the extent of pre-qualification clinical experience.MethodsThis was a mixed methods study comprising a questionnaire and website searches to identify information about curricula, competences, and quality assurance arrangements in each country. The questionnaire was sent to organisations responsible for regulating dental education or dental practice in EU member states. This was supplemented with information obtained from website searches of stakeholder organisations for each country including regulators, professional associations, ministries, and providers of dental education. A map of dental training across the EU was created.ResultsNational learning outcomes for dental education were identified for seven countries. No national outcomes were identified 13 countries; therefore, learning outcomes were mapped at institution level only. No information about learning outcomes was available for six countries. In one country, there is no basic dental training. Clinical skills and communication were generally well represented. Management and leadership were less represented. Only eight countries referenced a need for graduates to be aware of their own limitations. In most countries, quality assurance of dental education is not undertaken by dental organisations, but by national quality assurance agencies for higher education. In many cases, it was not possible to ascertain the extent of graduates’ direct clinical experience with patients.ConclusionsThe findings demonstrate considerable variation in learning outcomes for dental education between countries and institutions in Europe. This presents a challenge to decision-makers responsible for national recognition and accreditation of diverse qualifications across Europe to maintain a safe, capable, international workforce; but one that this comparison of programmes helps to address.

Determinants of Blockchain Technology Adoption in Agricultural Supply Chain

Blockchain technology adoption in agriculture can bring a win-win situation for all stakeholders in supply chain, which aids in the security of transactions and information in both forward and backward linkages in agricultural supply chain. Furthermore, blockchain platform benefits producers by enhancing their reputation, increasing their competitiveness and reducing fraud by eliminating undesirable practices in the supply chain. This research paper aims to analyze the determinants of blockchain technology adoption in agricultural supply chain. Grey relational analysis is employed to identify the determinant factors of blockchain technology adoption in the supply chain. The factors for blockchain technology adoption in supply chain are identified based on the literature review collected and focus group discussion with experts. Experts are insisted to rate the factors based on the five point likert scale. The findings revealed that data transparency, traceability, interoperability, data immutability and high value pricing, product type, organization trust, and government support can influence the blockchain adoption in supply chain. The findings conclude that priorities must be given to those influential factors which will help the organizational stakeholders in formulating suitable strategy for effectively implementing blockchain technology in the agricultural supply chain.. KEYWORDS :Blockchain technology, Adoption, Factors, Agricultural supply chain, Grey relational analysis.

The role of management consulting in the corporate governance system

The article is devoted to the study of topical issues related to management consulting in corporate governance. Management consulting plays an important role in the corporate governance system, helping companies to achieve their strategic goals and optimize their operations through innovative approaches and solutions. It has been determined that management consultants are becoming key figures in helping companies develop strategies, optimize processes and solve complex management problems. In the context of globalization and rapid technological transformation of business, management consulting is becoming an integral component for companies seeking to remain competitive and adapt to new market realities. The author characterizes that the development of management consulting is not only diverse, but also takes two main forms. On the one hand, (and this has developed historically), consulting is a method of improving the existing forms of management and business, because initially the consulting process was a process of imitating the experience of the most successful managers. On the other hand, consulting is becoming an independent profession. The article analyzes risk management in a corporate enterprise, which includes identification, assessment and mitigation of risks that may affect the organization's goals, operations or stakeholders. It is highlighted that corporate governance is the systems, processes and principles by which a business is managed, regulated and controlled. The importance of effective governance increases linearly with the size of the business and the number of shareholders. It is noted that foreign investors often look for companies with effective management, transparent and accountable business. For small and medium-sized enterprises seeking to expand their operations and enter foreign markets, having a sound corporate governance practice can be a significant advantage. For foreign investors, it demonstrates the reliability of the business, reduces the potential risks associated with investments, and can create more favorable conditions for investment. It is proved that the creation of reliable mechanisms is necessary to control the financial integrity and operational efficiency of the enterprise.

Path Reinforcer or Policy Accelerator? COVID-19 and Scandinavian Social Protection Reform Trajectories

A pandemic may change the use of social protection systems. In this article, we compare Scandinavian reform trajectories of unemployment benefits and sickness benefits following the COVID-19 pandemic. From an institutional theory perspective, we have analyzed official documents on regulations proposed in government bills, public inquiries, reports, and secondary literature published between March 2020 and December 2023, as well as interview data from key actors representing the state, the social partners, and related stakeholder organizations. The findings show that Denmark and Norway implemented mostly provisional reforms and thus ended in path reinforcement. In Sweden, on the contrary, numerous provisional reforms during the pandemic turned out to become permanent in the post-pandemic period. As the pandemic legitimized permanent changes that in some cases had been debated for a long time in Sweden, it thus came to act as a path-clearing policy accelerator.