Stakeholder Model Research Articles

Stakeholders Mapping in Election Management in West Nusa Tenggara Province

Purpose: This study aims to analyze stakeholder mapping as a model for strengthening the role of stakeholders in election management. This model explores the success of election management using a collaborative approach between election management bodies, namely the General Election Commission, the Election Supervisory Body, and election stakeholders. Method: The object of study is limited to the 2019 elections in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) Province. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The findings of the research show that the stakeholders collaborating in election management are mapped using the hepta-helix model, namely the collaboration model of seven stakeholders: (1) the election management body; (2) the government; (3) the business world; (4) NGOs; (5) mass media; (6) universities; and (7) political parties. Results and Conclusions: This finding proves that election management has implemented the concept of collaborative governance. Nonetheless, collaborative governance in election management does not place all collaborative actors in decision-making. Specifically for the decision-making stage, this is the function of the election management body, while other actors function as a support system in the management of election management. The weakness of collaborative election management practices is that the categories and functions of each actor as a stakeholder have not been mapped. Research implications: This study recommends that the application of the collaborative governance model in election management should be preceded by the preparation of stakeholder mapping into the main, key, and secondary stakeholder categories with their respective functional roles. Originality/value: The findings of stakeholder mapping in election management emphasize that the application of the concept of collaborative governance from Anssel and Gash which is well established in the science of public administration will only be successful if it is supported by stakeholder mapping initiated by Grimble and Wellard, as well as the election stakeholder model initiated by Allen Wall.

Stakeholders vs Shareholders: The Clash of Corporate Governance Models in Japan’s Fujitec Ltd. and Oasis Management Showdown

While UK/US firms, in response to efforts to become more sustainable and contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals, increasingly have been adopting a stakeholder model of corporate governance, the shareholder model that has dominated governance for the past several decades still exerts a great deal of influence over how UK/US firms behave. By contrast, Japan’s traditional model, emphasising community and long-term stability, lacks transparency. Recently, Japanese firms have begun aligning with UK/US governance, but this paper suggests the emergence of diverse sub-models, combining both models’ elements, will define the future. The case of Fujitec Ltd. and Oasis Management offers valuable insights for managers, policymakers, and practitioners to navigate international corporate governance complexities, support informed decision-making, and encourage effective stakeholder engagement.

Multiple stakeholders’ perspectives of marine social ecological systems, a case study on the Barents Sea

The Barents Sea ecosystem components and services are under pressure from climate change and other anthropogenic impacts. Following an Ecosystem-based management approach, multiple simultaneous pressures are addressed by using integrative strategies, but regular prioritization of key issues is needed. Identification of such priorities is typically done in a ‘scoping’ phase, where the characterization of the social-ecological system is defined and discussed. We performed a scoping exercise using an open and flexible multi-stakeholder approach to build conceptual models of the Barents Sea social-ecological system. After standardizing vocabulary, a complex hierarchical model structure containing 155 elements was condensed to a simpler model structure containing a maximum of 36 elements. To capture a common understanding across stakeholder groups, inputs from the individual group models were compiled into a collective model. Stakeholders' representation of the Barents Sea social-ecological system is complex and often group specific, emphasizing the need to include social scientific methods to ensure the identification and inclusion of key stakeholders in the process. Any summary or simplification of the stakeholders' representation neglects important information. Some commonalities are highlighted in the collective model, and additional information from the hierarchical model is provided by multicriteria analysis. The collective conceptual stakeholder model provides input to an integrated overview and strengthens prioritization in Ecosystem-based management by supporting the development of qualitative network models. Such models allow for exploration of perturbations and can inform cross-sectoral management trade-offs and priorities.

BRIDGING DIGITAL AND ANALOG DOCUMENTATION FOR THE PRESERVATION OF ANCIENT PUEBLOAN SITES

Abstract. The Four Corners region, where Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet, is the location of one of the most significant archaeological sites in the United States, the Lowry Pueblo in the Canyon of the Ancients National Monument. This case study examines two aspects of the documentation process for the Lowry Pueblo. First, a collaborative model of multiple stakeholders dedicated to an integrated digital and analog documentation approach. Second, the method for determining how digital and analog techniques were used from site preparation to the final submittal of Historic Architectural Building Survey (HABS) drawings to the Library of Congress. This integrated documentation approach used for the Lowry Pueblo is part of a strategy informed by predicted future human impacts on these rare ancient resources and fulfilling a unique tribal request for minimally impactful management. The approach allows natural erosional processes to continue unabated at less visited remote “backcountry” cultural sites, and for proactive stabilization to occur at heavily visited publicly accessible "front country" areas. The combined documentation methods used allowed for creation of highly detailed models, digital applications, and nuanced, aesthetic HABS drawings of the stunning 1,000-year-old cultural resources. The outcomes contribute to informed decision making for future analysis, stabilization assessment, resource interpretation, archiving, and the dissemination of information for public benefit, while deepening an understanding of the history and people that inhabited the land.

Improving The Organizational Culture of Key Stakeholders Involved in Value Management Process to Achieve Optimum Value in Malaysian Construction

Value Management (VM) is necessary for all construction projects to achieve value for money. There is a need to improve the organizational culture of key stakeholders involved in VM process to achieve optimum value in Malaysian construction projects. This paper is part of a larger study aiming to develop a culture-based organizational model for key stakeholders involved in VM process for achieving optimum value in Malaysian construction projects. This study utilizes a systematic literature review synthesis method to evaluate the trend, identify the gaps and recommend future approach in order to improve the organizational culture of key stakeholders involved in VM process that focuses on achieving optimum value in VM. The results include analyzing current VM status quo in Malaysian construction industry, determining the challenges faced in the VM process of generating innovative ideas, and exploring the project value creation to achieve optimum value. Upon introducing the background problem, the paper deliberates the synthesized literature reviews on VM, key stakeholders, VM process and project performance with VM. A cross-analyses discussion contributes towards formulating the culture-based organizational model for VM practice in Malaysia. The results are expected to improve the integrated project delivery performance of Malaysian construction industry stakeholders by understanding critical VM success factors and weaknesses of VM key stakeholders’ team in generating innovation ideas for optimum project delivery value.

Metz’s Heterochthonous Relational Moral Theory and Business Ethics

AbstractOne of the practical ethical areas that Thaddeus Metz applied his Relational Moral Theory (RMT) to is business ethics. In this important area of applied ethics, Metz examines the question of how business owners, and related agents ought to deal with others, especially workers and consumers. He argues that the relational account of obligations recommends a stakeholder model of business and provides a plausible alternative (if not better to) familiar kinds of utilitarianism and Kantianism. In this article, I discuss and engage with this claim by raising a number of issues for RMT. For although I believe that Metz’s moral account could, in general and under certain description, be positioned as a viable competitor to utilitarianism and Kantianism, it is not clear that in certain theoretical aspects of the stakeholder account of business, it fares better than, for example, utilitarianism. Furthermore, I argue, on the one hand, that RMT should be understood as a heterochthonous account of African ethics and, on the other hand, that an autochthonous account of African ethics captures better or comes closer to the moral sensibilities of indigenous Africans. An autochthonous account of African ethics has a different take on the issue of the stakeholder model of business and does conceptualize the business relationship in terms of needs and welfare whereby a “distant” individual may be owed more duties than a “local” individual.

The Key Role of Social Movements in Protecting the Health of People and the Planet Comment on "Ensuring Global Health Equity in a Post-pandemic Economy".

In his recent article, titled "Ensuring Global Health Equity in a Post-pandemic Economy," Ronald Labonté addresses a key challenge the world is facing, trying to 'build back' after the global crisis related to the COVID-19 pandemic. He explores and critically examines different policy options, from a more inclusive 'stakeholder model' of capitalism, to a greater role of states in shaping markets and investing in the protection of health and the environment, to more radical options that propose to reframe the capitalist mantra of growth and look at different ways to value and center our societies around what really matters most to protect life. Social movements are key players in such transformation, however the political space they move in is progressively shrinking.

Application of game theory in risk management of urban natural gas pipelines

This paper presents a game theory methodology for risk management of urban natural gas pipelines, which is a collaborative participation mechanism of the stakeholders, including government, pipeline companies, and the public. Firstly, the involvement proportion of stakeholders in risk management under rational conditions is estimated by the static game theory. Subsequently, the system dynamics (SD) simulation is used to establish an evolution game model of stakeholders in risk management under the irrational conditions, in which the stability of the evolution game process is analyzed. The stakeholders’ involvement proportions from the static game model are utilized as the inputs for the evolution game model to simulate the dynamic evolution behavior of risk management strategies with different involvement proportions of stakeholders. Eventually, the dynamic evaluation game can extract an optimal strategy for risk management of urban natural gas pipelines. A case study is used to illustrate the methodology. In essence, this methodology can be extended for implementing risk management of urban infrastructure.

Textual Analysis to Empirically Assess the Impact of Economic Crises on Stakeholder Orientation

This study uses textual analysis of annual reports to evaluate the presence of stakeholder theory in times of economic crises. Although the literature on stakeholder tendency in times of crises is scarce and predominantly focused on U.S. and Austrian data, it suggests that adopting the principles of a stakeholder model may lead companies to a more successful crises management outcome. Academic contributions to German-listed companies utilizing textual analysis are limited. Hence, we start by proposing a qualitative textual approach to analyze annual reports of German-listed companies in the DAX from the period 2000 to 2020 to extract relevant information on the tendency to apply shareholder- or stakeholder-theory-related aspects in times of economic crises such as the Global Financial Crises and more recently the COVID-19 crises. We examine our gathered word extractions with a well-found methodological approach based on a comprehensive literature review and perform a logit regression to test formulated hypotheses. By analyzing word frequencies in annual reports that refer to either shareholders or stakeholders we aim to assess the importance that the management of listed companies attaches to each management approach in times of crises. Based on existing literature, we formulate the central research question of whether the word frequency of shareholder-related words in years of economic crises increases compared to years without economic crises. In line with Asel, Posch, and Speckbacher (2011), our research reconfirms that there is no tendency or conflict of both shareholder and stakeholder management in times of economic crises. In a nutshell, our empirical results indicate that there is no statistically significant increase in word frequencies of either shareholder- or stakeholder-related words in years of economic crises present. Finally, we conclude by challenging the effectiveness of either the shareholder or stakeholder orientation in economic crises-like situations and encouraging further empirical research contributions on this field, and utilizing the proposed textual analysis for other essential research questions, such as the presence of AI-related aspects amongst German-listed companies or indications about price increases in times of high inflation.

Assessing performance using maturity model: a multiple case study of public health supply chains in Nigeria

PurposeThis study aims to determine the factors and dynamic systems behaviour of essential medicine stockout in public health-care supply chains. The authors examine the constraints and effects of mental models on medicine stockout to develop a dynamic theory of medicine availability towards saving patients’ lives.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a mixed-method approach. Starting with a survey method, followed by in-depth interviews with stakeholders within five health-care supply chains to determine the dynamic feedback leading to stockout and conclude by developing a network mental model for medicines availability.FindingsThe authors identified five constraints and developed five case mental models. The authors develop a dynamic theory of medicine availability across cases and identify feedback loops and variables leading to medicine availability.Research limitations/implicationsThe need to include mental models of stakeholders like manufacturers and distributors of medicines to understand the system completely. Group surveys are prone to power dynamics and bias from group thinking. This survey’s quantitative output could minimize the bias.Originality/valueThis study uniquely uses a mixed-method of survey method and in-depth interviews of experts to assess the essential medicine stockout in Nigeria. To improve medicine availability, the authors develop a dynamic network mental model to understand the system structure, feedback and behaviour driving stockouts. This research will benefit public policymakers and hospital managers in designing policies that reduce medicine stockout.

The circular economy operating and stakeholder model “eco-5HM” to avoid circular fallacies that prevent sustainability

A complete operating model for circular economy (CE) would benefit policymakers, firms, academia, society and NGOs for informed decision-making relating to CE operations, tactics and strategic goals. The current prevailing paradigm of a CE operating model encompasses three CE levels: micro-level for firms, meso-level for eco-industry parks and symbiosis, and macro-level for governments and regions. This is arguably an incomplete model, causing circular fallacies, such as problem shifting, poor prioritization, and optimization of the wrong system.In this paper, a CE operating- and also stakeholder-model is explored through theory integration (TI) of CE and the related fields of sustainability, economy, governance and management. TI from these fields has a potential to unlock compounding knowledge for operations and informed decision-making for CE. The result of this TI is the “eco Quintuple Helix Model” (eco-5HM) which integrates the three CE levels with the hierarchical triple bottom line (TBL), nine ecosystem boundaries, three decision-making levels and the 5HM. The eco-5HM comprises five operation and stakeholder levels – firms, governments, academia, society and environment – each with their own systems, operations, interactions, scales and indicators. This CE operating model can better inform decision-makers for CE operations and tactics to achieve the strategic goal of sustainability.

Negative Data and the Ethical Considerations of Burying a Project to Hide the Data From Stakeholders: “When Courage Fails Us”

A significant theory of corporate social responsibility is the Stakeholder Model. Within this model, entities make decisions that impact all stakeholders. Occasionally, the decision that is made ultimately impacts one stakeholder differently than another. Negative data by its very definition is seen as problematic for any organization as it pertains to its stakeholders. When confronted with the data or the potential of the data being negative to desired outcomes or directions of programs, an organization’s leadership may be faced with an ethical conundrum. Should the data be included and shown to all stakeholders? Or should the data be buried and avoided even to the point of engaging in questionable conduct in the management of paperwork and record keeping?

МОДЕЛІ КОРПОРАТИВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ: ПОРІВНЯЛЬНИЙ АНАЛІЗ МОДЕЛЕЙ УПРАВЛІННЯ АКЦІОНЕРНИМИ ТОВАРИСТВАМИ ТА ЇХ ВПЛИВ НА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ

Corporate governance in joint stock companies is a key aspect of modern business, determining the efficiency and sustainability of companies. Given the globalization and the growing volume of world financial markets, the study of corporate governance models and their impact on efficiency is becoming an extremely important task. In this article, a comparative analysis of various models of corporate governance in joint-stock companies is carried out in order to determine their impact on the efficiency of such companies. The purpose of this study is to systematize and compare different models of corporate governance, as well as to determine their impact on the financial efficiency and sustainability of joint-stock companies. The object of the research is corporate management in jointstock companies. The subject of research is management models, including control mechanisms, ownership structures, and strategic decision-making methods. To achieve the goal, the following methods were used in this study. Systematic analysis of scholarly sources, including academic articles, books, and reports, to summarize existing theoretical approaches to corporate governance. Analysis of financial statements of joint-stock companies, using financial indicators to compare different management models and their impact on performance indicators. Survey of leading specialists and heads of corporations to obtain practical insight into the implementation of various management models. In the course of the study, the main models of corporate governance were identified and analyzed, such as the equity capital model, the "feedback" corporate governance model (stakeholder model) and others. With the help of a comparative analysis, it was determined which of them contribute to higher financial efficiency and stability of companies. Based on the research, it was determined that the "feedback" model of corporate governance improves efficiency and ensures greater sustainability of joint-stock companies compared to other models. The implementation of this model is recommended in order to increase the competitiveness and sustainability of corporations on the international market. The article offers an important contribution to the understanding of the impact of different models of corporate governance on the business environment and provides practical recommendations for enterprise managers and decision-makers regarding the choice of the optimal governance model.

Sustainable Tourism Industry Development: A Collaborative Model of Open Innovation, Stakeholders, and Support System Facilities

Sustainable Tourism Industry Development: A Collaborative Model of Open Innovation, Stakeholders, and Support System Facilities

Factors influencing willingness to pay for wetland ecosystems conservation: a contingent valuation study of lake Victoria Ecosystem in Kenya

Wetland ecosystems provide us with various valuable services which are fast degrading due to the lack of effective incentive mechanisms and conservation models for stakeholders involved in managing these ecosystems. This study examines the elements affecting residents' Willingness to Pay (WTP) for the Lake Victoria biodiversity conservation initiative based on a survey of 394 households. Chi-Square test of independence was used to determine the existence of an association between various independent factors and WTP. Logistic regression was further used to determine the influence of these factors on WTP. The results showed that access to grazing land, fishing status, land ownership, business ownership, level of education, county of origin and household monthly income had a statistically significant association with WTP. From this study, it can be concluded that socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics were constant drivers of WTP for Lake Victoria Conservation Program. This study serves as a valuable input for the identification of the market segment among the residents, which will eventually help in creating more proceeds for the preservation of biodiversity in Lake Victoria Basin. Finally, the study promotes the use of WTP in creating market-based conservation techniques in developing nations to stop the increasing loss of biodiversity and save the ecosystem.

Integration of CSR into CEOs’ compensation: effects on social and financial performance of French listed firms

Based on the stakeholder model of corporate governance, this research analyzes the relationship between the integration of corporate social responsibility (CSR) into CEO compensation and corporate social and financial performance, in firms listed on France’s SBF 120 stock market between 2015 and 2019. The results of panel data regressions show that indexing CEO compensation on CSR criteria only influence corporate social performance Moreover, social performance has a positive impact on financial performance and a mediating effect between the integration of CSR criteria into CEO compensation and financial performance.

Green Zone Tourism Promotion Strategy of the Bali Government Tourism Office in 2021

Indonesia is a country that has a variety of natural charms that everyone can enjoy in the tourism sector. However, the pandemic caused by Covid-19 so far has not subsided, which of course, most people in Bali who depend on the tourism sector lose their jobs and even do not get a livelihood for their living needs. From that, The Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy of the Republic of Indonesia appointed Bali Province as one of the provinces implementing the green zone program to support the recovery of the tourism economy. Implementing the tourism recovery plan in the province of Bali is carried out in stages. The government has designated three areas in Bali as green zones: Ubud, Sanur, and Nusa Dua. It is essential to see the strategy of the Bali Government Tourism Office in promoting the green zone as an effort for tourism recovery. This study aims to identify and describe the marketing communication strategy of the Bali Government Tourism Office in introducing a green zone as an effort for tourism recovery in 2021. This research will offer new wealth in the research related to marketing communication strategies that focus on the green zone sector in Indonesia. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted to examine green zone efforts for tourism recovery based on the marketing communication strategy concept. Findings revealed that the Bali Government Tourism Office adopted at least more than one of the tourism destination marketing communication mixes to promote green zone as an effort for tourism recovery in 2021. In addition, the Bali Government Tourism Office was also considering the pentahelix stakeholder model, where the five stakeholders in the model are invited to discuss how to make the program successful.

SA13 The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Collaboration and Innovation in Antiviral Drug Development: A Multi-Stakeholder Systems Dynamics Analysis

The COVID-19 pandemic has sent shock waves through our health systems and will potentially leave a long-lasting impact on the drug development process. The emergency pressure has encouraged unprecedented speed, innovation, and collaboration in antiviral drug development, and highlighted the shortcomings of traditional development. This research aims to: (1) explore qualitative stakeholder perspectives, in the context of IMI CARE (a European public-private antiviral drug development consortium) on how the drug development process is impacted by the time pressure caused by COVID-19 and by the steep learning curve that comes with a new disease, (2) translate these insights into a qualitative model, and (3) generate learnings from this model to improve future drug development. Conceptual model building workshops and semi-structured interviews have been conducted with stakeholders across the drug life cycle, including developers, regulators, HTA bodies/payers, HCPs and patients, to build an end-to-end conceptual model of the health system. The systems model represents the combined mental models of stakeholders across the drug life cycle and shows the overall perceived impact of the pandemic on collaboration, governance and patient-centredness of drug development, in a public-private-academic consortium. The conceptual modeling process confirmed that pandemic pressure promoted successful collaboration and positive momentum in drug development. The model has identified important variables and mechanisms that facilitated collaboration and innovation during the pandemic such as; an influx in availability of budget, more willingness to share information and resources the establishment of parallel validation tracks in development. Challenges were identified related to the uncertainty of project planning and intermediate results with effect on the progress and allocation of work packages to consortium partners. This model can be used to facilitate better informed and strategic decision making throughout the drug life cycle, contributing to more sustained responsiveness to emergencies in drug development going forward.

COMMUNICATION OF STAKEHOLDERS IN THE PROCESS OF COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS IN THE WORLD MARKET

It is impossible to commercialize innovations without properly selected participants. Participants are the key to building a reliable commercialization chain that can quickly and efficiently turn an idea into an innovative product. However, selecting participants in the innovation commercialization chain is a rather complex, lengthy, and appropriate process. The success and speed of commercialization of innovations depend on it. In addition to selecting participants, it is important to ensure communication between them, i.e., to establish communication at a qualitative level, achieving harmonious relations. Properly built communication interaction will accelerate the introduction of innovations to the market and will contribute to the formation of long-term relationships. The article presents the results of a study of stakeholders in the process of commercialization of innovations. The study’s purpose was to analyze stakeholders’ communications and interaction in the process of commercialization of innovations in the international business environment. To achieve this goal, the following objectives were set: to define the stages of stakeholder analysis of innovation commercialization, analyze the degree of their importance and interest, and determine methods of interaction between stakeholders in the international business environment. The main research methods used in writing the article are comparative analysis of scientific publications and research on the work of commercialization of innovations, generalization and visualization map by VOS viewer software analysis of stakeholders, and methods of interaction in the process of commercialization of innovations, in particular the matrix of stakeholders, the Mendelow’s Matrix (“power/interest” matrix), MitchellAgle-Wood Stakeholder Model, Accountability Scorecard, Stakeholder’s Map. With the help of the VOS viewer software product, a visualization map was created in connection with the concepts of “commercialization of innovations”, “stakeholders” and related ideas based on information from the Scopus database. While working on the article, literary sources were analyzed close to the research topic. The analysis results confirmed the theory of the forms of interaction between stakeholders in the process of innovation commercialization.

Stakeholder Behavior Risk Evaluation of Hydropower Projects Based on Social Network Analysis—A Case Study from a Project

Since construction involves many stakeholders and their behavioral risk interaction, which brings risks to the project construction, it is necessary to strengthen the research on the risk management of hydropower projects. This study comprehensively considers the characteristics of hydropower project construction and identifies relevant stakeholders to build and improve the stakeholder behavior risk evaluation index system. On this basis, the social network analysis method is used to build an evaluation model of stakeholders’ behavioral risk transmission network, identify core factors and key relationships, analyze the path of behavioral risk transmission, take measures to cut off the transmission of core factors and key relationships, and test the effect of the risk network after control. The results show that: the evaluation model can effectively identify the core behavioral risk factors and key relationships in the construction process. Then, after taking targeted measures on the core behavioral risk factors and key relationships, hydropower projects are less affected by behavioral risk factors, and the risk transmission paths are reduced, which reduces the probability of behavioral risks arising from stakeholders and improves the behavioral governance efficiency of stakeholders. Applying this research model to the risk management of international hydropower projects can provide better guidance to the stakeholders and improve the accuracy and effectiveness of analyzing the behavioral risks of stakeholders in hydropower projects.