Stages Of Enterprise Research Articles

Efficiency Measurement and Influencing Factors Analysis of Green Technology Innovation in Industrial Enterprises Based on DEA-Tobit Model: A Case Study of Anhui Province

With the increasingly severe environmental situation, incorporating environmental effects into the research framework of enterprise technology innovation efficiency, a two-stage DEA model was used to measure the green technology innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises in 16 prefecture-level cities in Anhui Province from 2018 to 2020, and the influencing factors were analyzed in combination with the Tobit model. The results show that the innovation efficiency in the R&D stage is significantly higher than that in the technology transfer stage, and the efficiency performance in the Wanjiang region is significantly better than that in the non-Wanjiang region. Government support, innovation atmosphere, and regional economic development level all have a significant positive impact on the efficiency value of the R&D stage of enterprises. Applied research and government support have a significant negative impact on the innovation efficiency value of the green technology conversion stage, and talent factors have a significant positive impact on this stage. In order to further improve the green technology innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises in Anhui Province, environmental protection should be taken into consideration, an evaluation index system for green technology innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises should be established, and a green economic development model should be established.

Calculus Logic Function in Tax Risk Avoidance in Different Stages of Enterprises

Abstract During the entire development process of corporate tax risks, these risks will show different tax characteristics, which will result in four stages of tax risk evolution: the incubation stage, the development stage, the deterioration stage and the outbreak stage. During the evolution of tax risks and the establishment of an early warning mechanism, enterprises are facing both internal and external environments. From the internal perspective, the company’s business management philosophy, the quality of its staff, and the tax risk management system and procedures of the company will affect the establishment of tax risk and early warning mechanisms; from an external understanding, the regional tax environment, the country’s financial legal system, and the company’s Social relations are also important factors that must be considered in constructing a tax risk early warning mechanism. From the perspective of supporting conditions, in order to optimize the corporate tax risk early warning mechanism, this article considers the following aspects: first, the establishment of an effective internal tax risk control system for enterprises; second, the establishment of a systematic and effective tax risk control procedures; third, Efforts to adapt to the macro environment and actively respond to tax risks; Fourth, adopt effective tax planning skills; Fifth, improve the quality of tax risk prevention for all employees. When discussing the realization of the goal of the tax risk early warning mechanism, the author uses calculus knowledge to make logical derivation; in the risk attitude and tax risk early warning selection, geometric figures are used to describe people’s behavioural guidelines intuitively; in the construction of the early warning mechanism, the scoring method Visually integrated the values of various tax risk warning indicators.

Determinants of Women’s Entrepreneurial Performance in Kerala

Women entrepreneurs have significant impact on the economic development in global aswell as national context. Capacitating women with entrepreneurial qualities have remainedkey to social transformation especially in developing countries. The paper presents theresults of a study conducted in Kerala during 2020-21 to analyse the determinants ofwomen’s entrepreneurial performance related to agricultural enterprises. Seventy womenentrepreneurs involved in agricultural ventures randomly selected from the 14 districts ofKerala formed the study sample. Analysis of data collected based on a pretested structuredinterview schedule indicated mushroom and value addition enterprises as the most successfulenterprises among women. It was estimated that these enterprises took three and six monthsrespectively and production levels of 1872 kg and 1462 kg each in the order to reach break-even points. Mass media contact and stage of enterprise were the factors which weredelineated as the factors that contributed significantly to the period taken to achieve thebreak-even point by the women led enterprises.

Does Shareholding Heterogeneity on First Major Shareholder Incentively Affect Audit Characteristics?-Evidence From Tobacco and Non-tobacco Enterprises

Objectives: This study is to examine the effect of first major shareholders on audit characteristics, and emphasize their incentives towards corporate reform. In addition, we also emphasize on the tobacco industry that is totally state-owned by Chinese central government, as their internal audits are mainly conducted by the State Council. Methods: Taking A-share listed enterprises in Chinese Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange as samples, this paper analyzes the changes in corporate audit characteristics, which are caused by the holding heterogeneity on the first major shareholders. Then a series of endogenous and robustness tests are to confirm the baseline results. Based on the results of population, we specifically analyze and forecast the tobacco industries. Results: This positive relationship remains significant. Also, the channels for the first major shareholder to reduce non-standard audit opinions originate from their constraints and incentives, which reflect on enhanced supervision, sustainable business operation and market competition. These contribute to their revised managerial behavior. Finally, additional tests illustrate that the effect of strengthened equity is heterogeneous in terms of size, equity nature and growth stage of enterprises. Conclusion: The study domestrates the importance of equity structure and first major shareholders, which calls attention to managerial motives and behavior. The marginal effect is supposed to be shrunk in tobacco business as it is initially in absolute control by public authority. The already economic profits have made it reached favorable audit report. The enhanced shareholdings of first major shareholders could alleviate managerial myopia and moral hazard, and give the inspiration to enterprises in the reform of the ownership structure. Research limitations/implications-Effect of increasing first major shareholders’ holdings on audits is required to be applied in certain situations. However, the unavailable data and minimal samples of listed tobacco enterprises make it hard to clearly estimate the shareholding effect in this certain industry. Therefore, we have to qualitatively analyse tobacco business based on average population. Originality/value-This paper enlarges the role of major shareholders in audit characteristics, and emphasizes their managerial behavior towards audit process. The study indicates that stronger first major shareholdings tend to obtain qualified and standard audit opinions, pay higher audit fees and select high-quality auditors. The results and anlyses could enlight the tobacco and non-tobacco industries.

Optimizing the Supply Chain in a Fuel Process Industry

The Supply Chain Improvement (SCO) project is being introduced by KNPC, which recognises the major business advantages of improved hydrocarbon supply chain efficiency. The objectives of this work is to strengthen, optimise, and integrate supply scheduling and processes not just at stage of enterprise, but also throughout the entire KNPC framework. This is expected to lead to an improvement in the company's bottom line and facilitate the management of business operations at the highest level of efficiency, agility and profitability. In ever changing market conditions and globally competitiveness, it is necessary that raw material supply storage and product delivery were carried out at the lowest possible time and efficiency. Otherwise export oriented refinery like KNPC cannot remain in business with profit. KNPC has therefore embarked on ambitious multi-year operational excellence programs aimed at enhancing its operations and business processes that include short / mid-term planning, scheduling, accounting for growth, inventory management, and performance management. The aim is to achieve top-quartile financial results by accessing new value streams, encapsulating business processes of best practice and motivating employees of businesses to work in a collaborative atmosphere within the global and cross-functional business cycle to make smarter, quicker and more competitive choices.

Features of conducting judicial economic expertise with documentary evidence of lack of inventory

Purpose. The aim of the article is consideration of the characteristic features of conducting judicial economic expertise with documentary evidence of the shortage of commodity and material assets according to the results of the inventory. Methodology of research. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the scientific works of economists, legislative and normative legal acts. The following general scientific methods are used in the research process: analysis and synthesis, generalization – to determine the method of conducting a complete and objective economic study by a forensic expert; abstract and logical – for the formation of conclusions and proposals. Findings. The essence of the shortage of inventory, the reasons for its occurrence and stages of enterprises and organizations, a set of general and special research methods, including methods of documentary verification used by forensic economic experts in documenting the shortage of commodity and material assets, is considered. The expediency of application of software products in practical work of experts-economists is substantiated, which is explained by automated accounting at the enterprises and the organizations which documentary materials in electronic form can be used in case of appointment by judicial investigative bodies of judicial economic examinations upon establishment of shortage of commodity and material assets. This will increase the effectiveness of their activities. Originality. The study of the peculiarities of conducting economic examinations to substantiate the shortage of commodity and material assets was further developed. Practical value. The proposed methods can be used in conducting this type of examination by economic specialists. Key words: inventory, inventory acts, inventory descriptions, shortage of commodity and material assets, materially responsible person.

ABOUT CAPITAL TURNOVER AND THE METHODOLOGY OF ITS ANALYSIS

Capital turnover is constantly repeating process of capital transformation from one to another form and turning it in its initial form. This process comprises capital advance for acquisition of production means and manpower, the use of the resources in the production of finished goods, sale of finished goods, and the return of capital in its original form.We will study the capital turnover with view of the stages of its movement. During the first stage, the capital is transformed from monetary into product form, as production means (long-term tangible assets and material resources) and manpower that are required for the enterprise’s business. The second stage – the stage of the production process, capital is transformed from one commodity form (production resources) in another commodity form (finished goods). During the third stage, the capital is transformed from commodity to monetary form, i.e. it recovers its original form.The issue of capital turnover is topical at all phases and stages of enterprise’s development. The acceleration of capital turnover results in release of capital embodied in different resources that can be advanced in appropriate activities, thus to increase the enterprise’s gains, and therefore – the capital return. The deceleration of capital turnover results in shortage of means required for the normal course of the enterprise’s business, and in its turn the enterprise is thus forced to raise additional funds in order to operate. This increases the share of borrowings and the level of financial risk the enterprise is exposed to.The interest to capital turnover is due to the insufficient understanding of the importance of this issue both for the successful and efficient development of enterprises’ business, as well as for the prosperity of economy as a whole. This is one of the most important issues – driver of business and economy, which is topical, irrespective of the type of ownership of the production means, the organization of the economy and the specific public and political environment. As a result of the insufficient understanding of the importance and significance of capital turnover, some thoughts exist that these are obsolete, archaic and all but unnecessary methodologies for analysis of capital turnover in the conditions of market competition.Capital turnover may be analyzed and assessed from different points of view. For example: according to the sources of its formation (equity and borrowings); according to the duration of capital involvement in the enterprise’s turnover (fixed capital and short-term borrowings); according to the resources in which the equity is embodied (share equity and working equity), etc.The object studied in this publication is the capital turnover of enterprises with industrial principal business, and the subject matter of the study covers the methodology for analysis of equity turnover with view of the resources it is embodied in.The aim of this publication is to reach a methodology for analysis and assessment of equity turnover, which is feasible for the economic practice and useful for the industrial enterprises’ management to make proper and reasonable decisions for the business development in operational and strategic aspect.

Framing cyber security as a business risk

The information security industry struggles to get its programmes on the enterprise stage. When an organisation has a public breach, we are quick to criticise both the CISO and executive management. Is it that management ‘just doesn’t get it’, or is the problem that we’re still not presenting in a way that resonates with the business? We can learn a lot from other risk disciplines, how they organise risk scenarios and the techniques that they use. Mature organisations rely on risk profiles, the RCSA, stress testing, control testing and the analysis of loss events to understand their risk exposure. If you want your information risk programme to be taken seriously by the business, you have to do more than just throwing around a few business terms — you need to embrace enterprise risk techniques. Structuring a cyber security programme and assessment approach similar to other risk stripes not only provides credibility, but also allows the organisation to normalise risks across domains. By adopting taxonomies that are ERM-friendly, embracing the idea of a quantifiable loss event, and helping to translate impact and frequency factors into IT terms, you will see a great improvement in business engagement and ensure that cyber security concerns receive the right focus.

Promoting the Development of Enterprise Niche: Case Study on China’s Organizational Ambidexterity

This paper aims to take the longitudinal development history of the Lenovo Cross-border complex nested R&D organization as the research object, to explore the development rules of enterprise niche. Strategic positioning is the core issue of enterprise management, and enterprise niche is the core issue of strategic positioning. This study elaborates on the three stages of enterprise R&D organizational ambidexterity promoting enterprise niche evolution, discusses the process model of space development, and reveals the life cycle of enterprise niche. It reveals the deep reason for promoting enterprise niche to develop—the ambidexterity of complex nested organization. The conclusion helps to promote the successful space development of enterprise niches through Cross-border merger and acquisition, and to enhance global sustainable development for the companies from emerging markets such as China.

An evolution of development of business-incubators and their role are in the vital functions of small enterprise

In modern conditions for providing effective activity of domestic small and middle enterprises it is necessary to know experience of business-incubators implementation in highly developed countries as a progressive form of business activity organization, which is based on innovations. It is investigated, that business-incubators are able to provide favourable organizationally-economic conditions for small and midsize businesses development, to promote the competitiveness of enterprises and companies at the market by the grant of all-round help to the businessmen at all stages of enterprises’ organization and functioning. It is analysed in the article, that three models of business-incubators were formed as a result of evolution’s development: unprofitable organizations (granting standard, limit set of services); commercialization of research-and-developments (realization of knowledge and technologies transferring, providing competitiveness on regional and national levels); Internet-incubators (providing conditions for the growth of science-intensive business; granting information services and networking have become basic functions; the orientation of incubators’ activity is aimed to profit). As a result of the theoretical research, the understanding of the essentially different categories of virtual incubators has been studied and formed: Incubator of Ideas – Internet-incubator as a company specializing in creating startups for the purpose of their further sale to investors and Infrastructure Incubator – Internet-incubator which provides opportunities to organize company representation in the Internet.

Особливості організації і методика розробки облікової політики на сучасному етапі функціонування підприємств в Україні

Особливості організації і методика розробки облікової політики на сучасному етапі функціонування підприємств в Україні

THE COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO THE ENTERPRISE’S ADAPTATION IN THE PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT: MANAGERIAL ASPECT

The purpose of the paper is to develop a comprehensive approach to managing the enterprise’s adaptive development within the production and economic organizations (PEO). The methods of economic and mathematical modeling are used for assessing the enterprise’s adaptive development capacity. Methodology. The research is based on the developing the approach to managing problem situations emergence at the stages of the enterprises’ pre-adaptation, co-adaptation and adaptation within PEO, introducing the equation for the adaptive development capacity implementation efficiency determination and identifying the stages of the industrial enterprises’ adaptive development forecasting. Results. The comprehensive approach to the enterprise’s adaptation in the process of development, which consists of the problem situations management, determination of the enterprise’s adaptive development capacity and forecasting of the enterprises’ adaptive development is introduced. Practical implications. The application of the proposed approach for identifying the problem situations to emerge at the stages of the enterprises’ pre-adaptation, co-adaptation and adaptation within PEO will make it possible to avoid such situations emergence at the enterprise or, if the situation has already occurred, to adjust managerial decisions for doing so. The use of the ratio for assessing the relevance of situation to emerge will improve the decision making process concerning the enterprises’ adaptation to macroeconomic challenges effectiveness, save time and resources on the reaction which is required by the external environment due to the situation’s relevance and will significantly facilitate the assessment of the adaptive measures being undertaken effectiveness during the enterprise’s development within the PEO. A criterion of the adaptive development capacity implementation efficiency will allow to determine the impact of the managerial decisions concerning the adaptive capacity (with all identified constraints) implementation on the level of such capacity. Fuzzy-multiple descriptions are used as a tool for recognizing the managerial decisions efficiency level. The results of the analysis of the proposed enterprise’s adaptation coefficient value testify about the correctness (or not) of the adaptive decisions and actions being undertaken. Value/originality. The development of a well-grounded approach of the enterprise’s adaptation to the external environment under modern conditions is an urgent task as there is a likelihood of new and unpredicted factors to impact its activities, so effective decisions on adaptation are necessary to be made quickly. The application of the developed comprehensive approach by enterprises will make it possible for them to effectively adapt to the dynamic and challenging market environment.

Marketing communications: innovative approaches to their formation and application tools

In this article, the author analyzes the features of the formation of marketing communications in organizations and modern, innovative approaches; emphasizes that the innovative approach to communications is based on the idea of communication as a strategic resource of the organization, the main task of which is to ensure the harmonization and productivity of relationships within the organization and its free entry into the external communication space. This approach involves the development of new principles for building a communication system at all levels and stages of enterprise’s activities, in all areas – from the development of elements of the marketing mix to personnel changes. The author considers social media to be an integral part and tool of modern marketing communications, thanks to cooperation with which leading companies attract the attention of a significant number of new users and strengthen their achievements. Almost 3.5 billion internet users in the world use social media, and this figure continues to grow. It creates a great potential for marketers to attract attention of a wide and interested audience to their brand.

High and New Technology Enterprise Information System Design and Implementation Based on Automation Technology

The Twelfth Five-Year Guideline came on stage,which promoted the transformation of the mode of economic development. In the implementation of innovative national strategy process,High and new technology has become the main growth point to the economic development of our country.However,Based on their own characteristics,it is difficult for high and new technology enterprise to obtain the funds required for the enterprise development by the traditional way. This will seriously restrict the development of the enterprise. Based on the life cycle theory as the foundation,this paper deeply analysed high and new technology enterprise stage characteristics in the life cycle and put forward the suitable financing strategy ,aiming at Each stage different characteristics.

Discussion on “Outstanding Engineers” Training Program for Information Security Major in China

This paper discusses the deployment method of Chinese outstanding engineers training plan for information security major. The plan needs two parts of training including school stage and enterprise stage and this paper proposes a training schema for the latter stage. Through professional knowledge learning, career planning, engineering practice and graduation design in enterprise, the students’ study and practice time in enterprise is at least a year. In the education and practice stage in enterprise, taking university-enterprise cooperation guide way, we establish the university-enterprise cooperation training mechanism and formulate professional training scheme and training programs in enterprise.

DOES MARKET-ORIENTED ECONOMIC TRANSITION ENHANCE ENTERPRISE PRODUCTIVITY? EVIDENCE FROM CHINA'S ENTERPRISES

Using a panel of China's enterprises from 1999 to 2007, this paper examined how market-oriented economic transition affects the productivity of China's enterprises given the various stages of enterprises in the commercialization process and given the market segmentation among Chinese different regions. The main findings are that: (i) enterprises with higher degrees of commercialization have relatively higher productivity, whereas enterprises with higher degrees of market segmentation have relatively lower productivity; (ii) the commercialization process and market segmentation act indirectly affect productivity through enterprises' capacity to export, innovate and obtain business loans; and (iii) the indirect effects are found to be significantly different between the commercialization process and market segmentation, highlighting the effects of the market-oriented economic transition on enterprises' productivity. This paper provides reliable enterprise-level evidence regarding the sources and evolution of enterprise productivity during different stages of market-oriented economic transition in China.

A study of compatibility variation across Chinese buyer‐seller relationships

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study compatibility variations in buyer‐seller relationships between Mainland Chinese firms and Hong Kong Chinese buyer firms that act as intermediaries to markets in the West.Design/methodology/approachData are drawn from 19 multiple in‐depth case study interviews with Mainland and Hong Kong Chinese firms and buyer firms from the West.FindingsCompatibility dimensions that provide further evidence of factors that underpin the nature of classical‐type exchange arrangements, vis‐à‐vis relational relationships, within Chinese buyer‐seller interactions are identified. Compatibility variations based on political and legal factors are driven by interpretation and application of Chinese state laws at the business and provincial levels rather than at the national level. Mainland Chinese tend to exhibit authoritative vis‐à‐vis Confucian‐based practices and a short‐term orientation within interactions.Research limitations/implicationsThere is a need to expand the psychic distance composite to elucidate compatibility variations within the distinct provincial business regions of China. Quantitative studies to test for compatibility variability in China business practices across China are needed next. A better understanding of the nature of classical inclinations used by the Chinese is crucial, as is an understanding of how firms, both domestic and foreign, are able to leverage classical and relational relationships within Mainland China.Practical implicationsUncertainty associated with the entrepreneurial behaviours of Chinese businesspersons and a varying emphasis on traditional Confucian values in business result in a hybridisation of interactions across classical and relational types. Guanxi may be evolving beyond traditional social and personal trust as Mainland Chinese business relationships have advanced from the smaller scale CFB stage to the state‐owned enterprise stage, and now to the larger and increasingly important world trade stage.Originality/valueThe paper challenges shortcomings in research that has centred exclusively on the relational nature of Chinese business interactions, and it builds on previous research to study compatibility variations underpinning these Chinese interactions. It predicts a hybridisation of interactions amongst Chinese actors and provides a foundation for future quantitative research to study compatibility variations, and also classical‐type business practices across China. Increased international market awareness may also be leading to the inclusion of an economic trust factor, driving classical‐type Chinese buyer‐seller relationships, as is more characteristic of arrangements found in Western exchanges.

Study on the Tax Planning of Enterprise Income Tax

The enterprise income tax occupies very important status in the tax paying of enterprise, and it has large space of tax planning. Under the background that the new enterprise income tax law was issued, we discussed the problem how to use tax planning to reduce the tax burden of enterprise and realize the maximization of the total profit for the enterprise. In this article, we studied the tax financing in the stage of enterprise financing from the selection of financing mode and the confirmation of financing channel, and put forward that the enterprise should select the liability financing mode to the largest extent in the critical risk range of equity structure. We studied the tax planning in the stage of investment of enterprise from three aspects including correctly selecting the investment direction, confirming proper enterprise organization form and selecting tax saving investment subject. We studied the tax planning from two aspects such as income and charge deduction. We studied the tax planning in the distribution stage of enterprise management result from first utilizing taxable income to compensate the loss, the loss recovering sequence of domestic investment profit return and the profit distribution strategy in the low tax region. For above aspects, we all put forward our own new theoretical opinions.

The owner/manager's mentality and the financial performance of SMEs

PurposeDespite the fact that the mentality of owner/managers is an important aspect of their personality characteristics no prior study has made any attempt to examine its possible impact on enterprise performance during various stages of growth. Therefore, based on a questionnaire survey conducted in Sri Lanka, this study attempts to examine this aspect of small to medium enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approachBased on a review of the literature, a conceptual model was constructed as the initial step in this research for visualising and testing the relationship between owner/managers' personality styles, operational approaches and financial performance. The model was then extended to reflect the relationship between owner/manager's mentality styles and financial performance over all stages of enterprise growth.FindingsThe results of the study show that there is a strong relationship between owner/managers' mentality and financial performance of their enterprises. Moreover, when owner/managers of these enterprises become more entrepreneurial minded in the introductory and decline stages their performance tends to be higher. However, this relationship is not seen to be significant in the growth and maturity stages.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study can be useful to SMEs in any country as they show how the mentality of owner/managers is likely to affect the financial performance of their enterprises differently during different stages of growth.Originality/valueSince no similar research has been reported in the past this study takes its own independent approach and presents its analysis and findings as a novel addition to the small business literature.

Do Entrepreneurial Attributes Change During the Life Courses of Enterprises and Entrepreneurs?

This paper examines the relationship between entrepreneurial attributes and life stages of entrepreneurs and enterprises in a sample of 276 entrepreneurs. Findings revealed that most attributes remained constant across the life stages of the enterprises. Yet, as was expected, flexibility and awareness of opportunities became less characteristic as the enterprise moved from the start-up stage through its entrepreneurial and maturity stage. The attributes achievement orientation, assertiveness, awareness of opportunity and integrity became less characteristic across the life stages of the entrepreneur. The results are in contrast with the findings of the maturity model of personality development (Roberts, Robin 2004) but confirm organizational and vocational choice models (Schneider, Goldstein, and Smith 1995). A self-selection principle is probably at work: individuals who score very high on entrepreneurial attributes are attracted to this vocation but over their lifetime the scores on these attributes converge to more average levels.